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50-456: The Galway Advertiser is a free newspaper distributed throughout Galway city and county each Thursday. The Galway Advertiser was founded in 1970 by Ronnie O'Gorman, with the first edition published on 16 April 1970. O'Gorman edited the paper until his retirement in 2001, following which, he served as chairperson of Galway Advertiser Ltd. In the 1980s, the paper published editions written entirely by Galway's student population. In 2001,

100-812: A connection to Galway. The writer and publisher Frank Harris was born in Galway. The James Hardiman Library at the University of Galway houses around 350 archived and/or digitised collections including the Thomas Kilroy Collection, the Brendan Duddy Papers on the Northern Ireland conflict, the John McGahern archive and the manuscript Minutes of Galway City Council from the 15th to mid-19th centuries. Among

150-506: A fortification built by the King of Connacht in 1124. A municipal charter in 1484 allowed citizens of the by then walled city to form a council and mayoralty . Controlled largely by a group of merchant families, the Tribes of Galway , the city grew into a trading port. Following a period of decline, as of the 21st century, Galway is a tourist destination known for festivals and events including

200-691: A period of Gaelicisation in history include the Norse-Gaels , the Picts , the Britons of southwest Scotland , the Scoto-Normans , and the Hiberno-Normans , Today, Gaelicisation, or more often re-Gaelicisation, of placenames , surnames and given names is often a deliberate effort to help promote the languages and to counteract centuries of Anglicisation . The Manx language , which

250-525: A voyage to Iceland or the Faroe Islands . Seven or eight years later, he noted in the margin of his copy of Imago Mundi : Men of Cathay have come from the west. [Of this] we have seen many signs. And especially in Galway in Ireland, a man and a woman, of extraordinary appearance, have come to land on two tree trunks [or timbers? or a boat made of such?] The most likely explanation for these bodies

300-719: A year in Galway to hear original actions (actions that are not appeals from lower courts). It also sits twice a year in Galway to hear appeals from the Circuit Court in civil and family law cases. Its decisions can be appealed to the Court of Appeal , or in some instances, to the Supreme Court , which sits in Dublin. Galway is known as Ireland's Cultural Heart ( Croí Cultúrtha na hÉireann ) and hosts numerous festivals, celebrations and events. Every November, Galway hosts

350-534: Is a city in (and the county town of) County Galway . It lies on the River Corrib between Lough Corrib and Galway Bay . It is the most populous settlement in the province of Connacht , the fifth most populous city on the island of Ireland and the fourth most populous in the Republic of Ireland , with a population at the 2022 census of 85,910. Located near an earlier settlement, Galway grew around

400-554: Is a platform for international cinema in Ireland and an advocate for Irish national cinema, for which the festival's identity has become synonymous. The Galway Film Fleadh is an industry festival, with many industry events taking place under the name of the Galway Film Fair. In 2014, a MovieMaker magazine panel of U.S. filmmakers, critics and industry executives included the Galway Film Fleadh on its list of

450-566: Is evenly distributed throughout the year. The average January temperature in the city is 5.9 °C (43 °F) and the average July temperature is 15.9 °C (61 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Galway was 31.7 °C (89.1 °F) in July 1921, whilst the lowest temperature recorded was −11.7 °C (10.9 °F) in January 1945. While extreme weather is rare, the city and county can experience severe windstorms that are

500-696: Is responsible for indicting the accused and sending them forward for trial at the Circuit Court and the Central Criminal Court . The Circuit Court in Galway tries all indictable offences (those cases triable by a judge and jury), except murder, rape, treason, piracy and genocide, which are reserved to the Central Criminal Court. It can also hear appeals from the District Court. Its decisions can be appealed to

550-827: Is that they were Inuit swept eastward by the North Atlantic Current . During the 16th and 17th centuries, Galway remained loyal to the English crown for the most part, even during the Gaelic resurgence, perhaps for reasons of survival. However, by 1642 the city had allied itself with the Catholic Confederation of Kilkenny during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms . During the resulting Cromwellian conquest of Ireland , Cromwellian forces captured

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600-553: Is the smallest museum in Ireland. Nora was the lover, companion and, later, wife of writer James Joyce . Fort Hill Cemetery, on Lough Atalia Road, is the oldest cemetery still in use in Galway City. On the northern wall is a memorial to more than 300 sailors of the Spanish Armada who were executed en masse and buried here in the 1580s. Rahoon Cemetery (officially known as Mount St. Joseph Cemetery), Rahoon Road, on

650-448: Is very similar to Irish , has undergone a major revival in recent years, despite the language being so rarely used that it was even mislabelled as extinct by a United Nations report as recently as 2009. The decline of the language on the island was primarily as a result of stigmatisation and high levels of emigration to England . There are now primary schools teaching in the medium of Manx Gaelic, after efforts mainly modelled on

700-475: The Court of Appeal . Civilly, the court is limited to compensation claims of not more than €75,000. Both parties may waive this amount and grant the court unlimited jurisdiction. Divorce, Judicial Separation and probate cases can be heard provided they are within the financial parameters of the court's jurisdiction. Decisions in civil cases can be appealed to the High Court . The High Court sits four times

750-572: The Gaelic languages but can also refer to the transmission of any other Gaelic cultural feature such as social norms and customs , music and sport. It is often referred to as a part of Celtic identity as Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man are all considered Celtic Nations , and the Gaelic languages are considered a sub-group of the Celtic languages . Examples of ethnic groups who have gone through

800-871: The Galway City Museum . In 1579, Elizabeth I confirmed the city's charter and appointed the Mayor as 'Admiral of the Bay and of the Aran islands'. The title, though extant, is rarely used except for ceremonial purposes. The highest honour the city can bestow is the Freedom of the city. Among the names on the Roll of Honour are: Douglas Hyde , President of Ireland , 1939; Éamon de Valera , Taoiseach , 1946; Seán T. O'Kelly , President of Ireland, 1950; Robert F. Wagner , Mayor of New York, 1961; John F. Kennedy , President of

850-773: The Galway International Arts Festival . In 2018, Galway was named the European Region of Gastronomy . The city was the European Capital of Culture for 2020, alongside Rijeka , Croatia . The city's name comes from the Irish name Gaillimh , which formed the western boundary of the earliest settlement, Dún Gaillimhe "Fort Gaillimh". (Mythical and alternative derivations of the name are given in History of Galway ). Historically,

900-713: The KLM Flight 607-E crash, off the coast of Galway, on 14 August 1958. There are several smaller cemeteries within the city boundaries. Some are no longer in use or are used primarily by families with ancient burial rights. These are St James's Cemetery (Teampall) in Glenina Heights, Menlo Cemetery near Menlo Castle , Ballybrit Graveyard near the entrance to Galway Racecourse , and a very ancient early Christian graveyard at Roscam near Merlin Park. Several city churches have graveyards attached which were formerly used for

950-781: The Köppen climate classification , being one of the world's mildest cities for latitude, partly because it is on an island. Galway has a year-round mild, moist, temperate and changeable climate, due to the prevailing winds of the North Atlantic Current together with the Gulf Stream (on the other side of the Atlantic temperatures can be 20 °C cooler or more.). The city does not experience temperature extremes, with temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F) and above 30 °C (86 °F) being rare. The city receives an average of 1,156 mm (45.51 in) of precipitation annually, which

1000-624: The single transferable vote . The City Council is chaired by a mayor who is elected to a one-year term by fellow councillors. The role of mayor is mainly ceremonial, although they do have the casting vote. The first mayor was Peirce Lynch Fitzjohn, elected in 1485. The current mayor, Cllr. Clodagh Higgins, was elected in June 2022. In 1937, the Urban District of Galway became the Borough of Galway, remaining party of County Galway . In 1986,

1050-530: The " Tribes of Galway ". The city thrived on international trade, and in the Middle Ages , it was the principal Irish port for trade with Spain and France. The most famous reminder of those days is ceann an bhalla ("the end of the wall"), now known as the Spanish Arch , constructed during the mayoralty of Wylliam Martin (1519–20). In 1477 Christopher Columbus visited Galway, possibly stopping off on

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1100-465: The "25 Coolest Film Festivals in the World". Galway has a permanent Irish language theatre located in the city centre, Taibhdhearc na Gaillimhe , which was established in 1928 and has produced some of Ireland's most celebrated actors. The Druid Theatre Company has won international acclaim for its cutting-edge production and direction. Gaelicisation Gaelic , as a linguistic term, refers to

1150-599: The "Jack Taylor" crime novels of Ken Bruen . Galway has four cinema complexes within or near the city centre: the 11-screen IMC cinema, the 9-screen EYE cinema, the 10-screen Omniplex in Salthill and the 3-screen arthouse cinema Pálás. On 1 December 2014, Galway was granted designation as a Unesco "City of Film" . Galway is home to the Galway Film Fleadh , Ireland's foremost film festival, which takes place over six days each July. The Galway Film Fleadh

1200-620: The 2006 census, 15.4% of the population were aged 0–14, 76.1% were aged 15–64, and 8.5% were aged over 65. 51.9% of the population were female and 48.1% were male. As of the 2016 census , the population of the city and suburbs were 70.8% white Irish, 14.68% other white, 3.08% black/black Irish, 3.07% Asian/Asian Irish, 2.2% other, with 4% not stating an ethnicity. By the 2022 census , 64.3% of respondents identified as white Irish, 12.98% other white, 2.8% black/black Irish, 4.7% Asian/Asian Irish, 2.7% other, with 10.3% not stating an ethnicity. In 2016, there were 16,844 families in Galway City. As of

1250-411: The 2011 Census, these numbers increased to 94,000 and 1.3 million, respectively. Active Irish speakers probably comprise 5 to 10 per cent of Ireland's population. In recent decades there has been a significant increase in the number of urban Irish speakers, particularly in Dublin. The dispersed but large, educated and middle-class urban Gaeilgeoir community enjoys a lively cultural life and is buoyed by

1300-594: The 2022 census, 17,245 families were reported, an increase of over 2% from 2016. The average number of children per family in the city was 1.10, lower than the national average of 1.34. With a population of 79,934, Galway is the fourth most populous urban area in the State and the 23rd most populous area of local government. Services such as waste collection, recycling, traffic control, parks and housing are controlled by an eighteen-member city council elected to five-year terms by proportional representation through means of

1350-659: The Borough of Galway became the County Borough of Galway and ceased to part of County Galway. In 2001, it was renamed Galway City. The symbols of the office of the Mayor and the emblems of the dignity of the City Council are the Civic Sword (1620s) and the Great Mace (1710) which are carried in procession before the Mayor and Council on solemn civic occasions. When not in ceremonial use they can be seen at

1400-561: The Ferocious O'Flahertys may God protect us". A by-law forbade the native Irish (as opposed to Galway's Hiberno-Norman citizens) unrestricted access into Galway, saying "neither O' nor Mac shall strutte nor swagger through the streets of Galway" without permission. During the Middle Ages, Galway was ruled by an oligarchy of fourteen merchant families (twelve who claimed to be of Norman origin and two of Irish origin). These were

1450-545: The Irish system. The efforts have been widely praised, with further developments such as using technology to teach the language being put into place. Estimates of numbers of native speakers of the Irish language in the Republic of Ireland in 2000 ranged from 20,000 to 80,000. According to the 2006 census for the Republic, 85,000 people used Irish daily outside of school and 1.2 million used Irish at least occasionally. In

1500-831: The Kennedy Park section of Eyre Square, prior to the Square's renovation. A replica of the statue was erected in Eyre Square in 2017. The museum is near the Spanish Arch , the historical remnants of the 16th century wall. The city's university, the University of Galway , has several museums, including the James Mitchell Geology Museum and the Computing and Communications Museum of Ireland . The Nora Barnacle House Museum in Bowling Green

1550-497: The New Cemetery, as it also known), Cemetery Cross, Bohermore , is the second cemetery operated by Galway City Council. It contains two mortuary chapels and is the burial place of several important Galwegians, including writer Pádraic Ó Conaire , propagandist William Joyce , dramatist Lady Gregory and sports official Michael Morris, 3rd Baron Killanin . The cemetery also contains a gravesite and memorial to those who died in

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1600-561: The Tulca Festival of Visual Arts as well as numerous festivals. On 1 December 2014, the Director General of UNESCO announced the official designation of Galway as a UNESCO City of Film. In 2004, there were three dance organisations, ten festival companies, two film organisations, two Irish language organisations, 23 musical organisations, twelve theatre companies, two visual arts groups, and four writers' groups based in

1650-569: The US, 1963; Pope John Paul II , 1979; Ronald Reagan , President of the US, 1984; Hillary Clinton , 1999; Richard M. Daley , Mayor of Chicago, 2003; Nelson Mandela , 2003; Aung San Suu Kyi , Burmese activist/leader, 2005; Garry Hynes , Druid Theatre Founder, 2006; and Michael D. Higgins , President of Ireland, 2012. Galway City is part of the Galway West constituency of Dáil Éireann . Its TDs are: President of Ireland Michael D. Higgins

1700-726: The city after a nine-month siege . At the end of the 17th century, the city supported the Jacobites in the Williamite war in Ireland and was captured by the Williamites after a very short siege not long after the Battle of Aughrim in 1691. The great families of Galway were ruined. The city later suffered further under the Great Famine of 1845–1852 . Like most of Ireland , Galway has an oceanic climate ( Cfb ) according to

1750-413: The city. Furthermore, there were 51 venues for events, most of which were specialised for a certain field (e.g. concert venues or visual arts galleries), though ten were described as being 'multiple event' venues. The main squares in the city are Eyre Square (containing John F. Kennedy Park) in the centre of the city, and Spanish Parade next to the Spanish Arch . In 2007, Galway was named as one of

1800-885: The eight "sexiest cities" in the world. A 2008 poll ranked Galway as the 42nd best tourist destination in the world, or 14th in Europe and 2nd in Ireland (behind Dingle ). It was ranked ahead of all European capitals except Edinburgh , and many traditional tourist destinations (such as Venice ). The New Zealand Herald listed Galway as one of 'five great cities to visit in 2014'. Among the poets currently writing in Galway are Fred Johnston , Patrick Deeley , Rita Ann Higgins , Mary O'Malley , Moya Cannon , Eva Bourke , Kevin Higgins , Ndrek Gjini, and Elaine Feeney . Walter Macken , Eilís Dillon , Máirtín Ó Direáin , Máirtín Ó Cadhain , Liam O'Flaherty , Pádraic Ó Conaire and Ken Bruen are well-known writers in both English and Irish with

1850-566: The growth of Irish medium education and Irish-language media . In some official Gaeltachtaí (Irish-speaking regions) areas, Irish remains a vernacular language alongside English. In Northern Ireland the Gaelicisation process is significantly slower and less-supported than elsewhere on the island and the status of the Irish language in Northern Ireland is the subject of heated political debates. In Scotland, Scottish Gaelic and traditional Gaelic customs such those manifested at

1900-490: The interment of clergy and parishioners – Castlegar Church, Claddagh Church', St Patrick's Church on Forster Street and St. Nicholas' Collegiate Church. Several bishops are buried in the crypt below the RC Cathedral but this not usually open to the public. The 2022 census indicated that Galway city had a population of 85,910, an increase of over 10,000 from the 2011 census figures. As of 2009, approximately 80% of

1950-524: The invasion. As the de Burghs eventually became Gaelicised , the merchants of the town, the Tribes of Galway , pushed for greater control over the walled city . This led to their gaining complete control over the city and to the granting of mayoral status by the English crown in December 1484. Galway endured difficult relations with its Irish neighbours. A notice over the west gate of the city, completed in 1562 by Mayor Thomas Óge Martyn , stated "From

2000-643: The literary magazines published in Galway are The Galway Review , Crannóg Magazine , which describes itself as 'Ireland's premier independent fiction and poetry magazine since 2002' and ROPES , an annual literary journal published by students of the MA in Literature and Publishing at the University of Galway . Galway also has Charlie Byrne's Bookshop . Gretta Conroy, in James Joyce's short story "The Dead", remembers her lover Michael Furey throwing stones against

2050-509: The name was anglicised as Galliv or Gallive , closer to the Irish pronunciation. The city's name in Latin is Galvia . Residents of the city are referred to as Galwegians. The city also bears the nickname "City of the Tribes" ( Irish : Cathair na dTreabh ) because of the fourteen merchant families called the " tribes of Galway " who led the city in its Hiberno-Norman period . Built on

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2100-540: The newspaper purchased its new headquarters, the former Norwich Union building at Eyre Square in Galway for IR£ 1.5 million. It was the first of the regional newspapers under the "Advertiser" banner, which now also includes publications based in Athlone and County Mayo , as well as advertiser.ie. This Ireland newspaper–related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Galway Galway ( / ˈ ɡ ɔː l w eɪ / GAWL -way ; Irish : Gaillimh , pronounced [ˈɡal̠ʲɪvʲ] )

2150-438: The population of Galway were Irish. Following an influx of immigrants to Galway during the 2000s, approximately 20% of the population is non-Irish. Slightly more than half of this group (11.3%) are non-Irish Europeans, coming from Poland and other Central European and Baltic States , such as Latvia and Lithuania . Smaller numbers of Asian and African immigrants come from East Africa, Nigeria , Zimbabwe and Sri Lanka . In

2200-399: The result of vigorous Atlantic depressions that occasionally pass along the north west coast of Ireland. Most of these storms occur between late autumn and early spring. Due to the city's northerly location, Galway has long summer days. Sunrise on summer solstice occurs at 05:07 WEST and sunset at 22:07. By contrast, on winter solstice, the sun rises at 08:49 WET , and sets at 16:19. On

2250-436: The site of an earlier settlement, Dún Gaillimhe ("Fort at the Mouth (bottom) of the Gaillimh") was completed in 1124, by the King of Connacht and High King of Ireland Tairrdelbach Ua Conchobair (1088–1156). The castle served as a naval base from which his fleet operated. A new settlement grew around it. During the Norman invasion of Connacht in the 1230s, Dún Gaillimhe was captured by Richard Mor de Burgh , who had led

2300-407: The title died in 1972, it is still used in a purely honorary and ceremonial context. The area is also known for its association with the Claddagh Ring . The Galway City Museum has two main sections: one about the heritage of Galway and one about Irish artists from the second half of the 20th century. This museum also houses the statue of the poet, Pádraic Ó Conaire which was originally located in

2350-413: The west bank of the River Corrib as it enters the sea is the ancient neighbourhood of The Claddagh. For centuries it was an Irish-speaking enclave outside the city walls. Claddagh residents were mainly fisher folk and were governed by an elected 'King'. The King of the Claddagh settled or arbitrated disputes among the locals and had the privilege of a white sail on his fishing boat. While the last holder of

2400-413: The western edge of the city affords views of the city. It is one of two cemeteries operated by Galway City Council . Among the people buried here are Michael Bodkin (an admirer of Nora Barnacle who was the inspiration for James Joyce's character Michael Furey in " The Dead "), Michael Feeney (the "lover" in Joyce's poem She Weeps Over Rahoon ), and actress Siobhán McKenna . Bohermore Cemetery (or

2450-399: The window of her grandmother's house on Nun's Island, in the city. Joyce's poem She Weeps Over Rahoon describes the grief of Joyce's wife Nora Barnacle over the death of her onetime boyfriend Michael Bodkin. Both Bodkin and Nora were from Galway and Bodkin is buried in Rahoon Cemetery in the western suburbs of the city. Walter Macken 's novel Rain on the Wind is set in the city, as are

2500-428: Was TD for the Galway West parliamentary constituency, of which Galway City is a part, from 1981 to 1982 and from 1987 to 2011. He was also Mayor of Galway for two terms, 1981–82 and 1990–91. Galway's District Court is the main court of summary jurisdiction and hears minor cases without a jury. It is responsible for hearing small civil claims, and certain family law cases, administers the liquor licensing laws and

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