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45-567: It was formerly known as Cagayan de Sulu until 1984, then as Cagayan de Tawi-Tawi until 1988. Mapun is an island municipality in the Sulu Sea on the south-western extreme of the Philippines, located very close to Sabah , Malaysia as well as to Palawan . The people inhabiting the island are known as Jama Mapun or "people of Mapun". Their local language is Pullun Mapun , which means "Mapun language". Due to an administrative error in

90-572: A 'special municipal district' under the jurisdiction of the Province of Sulu under Executive Order 95 signed by President Manuel Roxas on 13 October 1947. The same executive order proclaimed "the assumption of jurisdiction and administration by the Republic of the Philippines over the Turtle and Mangsee Islands which form part of Philippine territory". Under the executive order, a district officer

135-472: A bid to advance competitiveness of Tawi-Tawi in farming industry, this province supplies large companies when it comes on coconut plantation mainly "COPRA". 80% of the land consist of coconut trees, quarterly harvested and to be traded and refined in other places, like Palawan and Zamboanga City. Rice fields are not known in this area due to lack of water irrigation projects, rice is imported locally from Palawan and Zamboanga City and mostly from Malaysia. Most of

180-768: A few. Each Barangay has their own representatives in the various events. However, the most popular is the "Budjang Mapun", which is a beauty contest. Each barangay has its own contestant in this event. The winner of the search for "Budjang Mapun" is usually sent to Bongao as Mapun's representative in Budjang Tawi-Tawi, a similar beauty search held in Bongao every Province Day. Every municipality in Tawi-Tawi has its own contestant. Poverty Incidence of Mapun Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Main source of income from this province are farming and fishing. In

225-813: A further international treaty concluded in 1930 between the United States (in respect of its then overseas territory, the Philippine Archipelago ) and the United Kingdom (in respect of its then protectorate, the State of North Borneo ) the two powers agreed the international boundaries between those respective territories. In that treaty the United Kingdom unambiguously accepted that Sibuang, Boaan, Lihiman, Langaan, Great Bakkungaan , Taganak and Banguan together called in that treaty

270-406: A more violent extrusions of mud, mixed with large pieces of rocks occur that it has created a 20-m (66-ft) wide crater on the hilly part of the island. Such extrusions are reported to be accompanied by mild earthquakes and evidence of extruded materials can be found high up the surrounding trees because of its explosive character. Huge amount of materials are discharged from this volcano that drainage

315-546: A short program held in Lupa Pula Central School. Various competitions are held during Mapun Day, which includes singing competitions (in English, Tausug, and Pullun Mapun), dance showdowns (modern dance, folk dance, pangalay, which is a native dance, and lunsay, which is a dance performed during weddings), Azaan competition, Tarasul iban Daman (Mapun's version of declamation and oration), and Leleng, to name

360-406: Is 5,683 people. With a land area of only 3.08 square kilometres (1.19 square miles), the islands have a population density of 1,845.1/km . On the five inhabited islands the land cover in large areas is dominated by houses. Typical of other rural areas in the Philippines, human settlements are mixed with agriculture. The relative dominance of the settlements is mainly due to the limited land area and

405-468: Is necessary and will provide some public benefit to the United States, or its successor, the Philippines". Manila asserted that the lighthouse had been severely damaged in the war, that it had not been in operation since its destruction, and that the Philippines did not need its service. The government was willing to lease the site for the lighthouse to North Borneo for one peso per annum, as long as

450-465: Is politically subdivided into 15 barangays . Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios . Mindanao State University Extension - a public school and the only college institution in Mapun. MSU-Extension offers two-year courses. Majority of those who graduate from high school pursue their studies in other places, most notably Zamboanga City, Palawan, and Bongao. On the other hand, most of

495-532: Is sometimes omitted from the list of Philippine Turtle Islands. For example, Presidential Proclamation 171 establishing the Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary refers to six islands rather than seven islands despite covering all of the municipality. Turtle Islands are politically subdivided into two barangays . Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios . In the Philippines, mud volcanoes are known to exist only on

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540-481: The Municipality of Turtle Islands ( Tagalog : Bayan ng Turtle Islands ), is a 5th class municipality in the province of Tawi-Tawi , Philippines . According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 5,683 people, making it the least populated town in the province. It is also known as Philippine Turtle Islands to distinguish it from its nearby Malaysian counterpart . Seven of the islands are part of

585-403: The Sulu Sea at the south-western tip of the country, at the edge of the international treaty limits separating the Philippines and Malaysia . The seven islands from largest to smallest are: Fresh water is reported available from shallow groundwater on all the islands except the smallest, Sibaung. Perhaps owing to its tiny size and the fact it does not have a fresh water source, Sibaung

630-676: The Taganak Lighthouse Dispute in the American Journal of International Law assessed the arguments of the British and Philippine sides. They concluded that "the Philippine Government is justified in refusing to pay...and in refusing to provide for [the lighthouse's] maintenance". Today, the abandoned lighthouse tower remains at the summit of the island. The Turtle Islands were constituted as

675-551: The Treaty of Paris , while the remainder of the Philippines was ceded to the United States, Sibutu and Cagayan de Sulu were retained under Spanish Sovereignty until they were formally ceded to the United States upon the ratification of the Treaty of Washington on March 23, 1901. In 1946, the Philippines became an independent country, including Mapun island as part of it. Mapun Tawi-Tawi is surrounded by several islets such as: Most of these are located at Barangay Umus Mataha. Mapun

720-457: The 1930 treaty as regards paying compensation for the lighthouse and providing for its operation as it remained in a state of ruin. On 23 July 1949 the Philippines responded in the same terms as it had at the time of the transfer. The parties remained in dispute. Prof. Vicente Abad Santos of the University of the Philippines and Lt. Col. Charles D.T. Lennhoff of the U.S. Army who reported on

765-539: The British North Borneo Company would continue to administer those islands unless and until the United States government gave notice to the United Kingdom calling for administration of the islands to be transferred to the U.S. The U.S. never gave such a notice. On 4 July 1946 the Republic of the Philippines was born. It became the successor to the U.S. under the treaties of 1930. On 15 July 1946

810-748: The British needed and used the facility. The United Kingdom view was that the Philippines was required under the terms of the 1930 treaty concerning the Turtle Islands to maintain the lighthouse in the future. On 26 May 1948 the British Minister, Linton Foulds , in Manila wrote to the Philippine Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Joaquín Miguel Elizalde , calling again on the Philippine government to fulfil its obligations under

855-573: The Eastern end of Jolo Island , through Jolo to a point in long. 121°04'E on its South coast, thence through Tapul and Lugus Islands and along the North coast of Tawi Tawi Island to Bongao Island off its Western end ( 5°01′N 119°45′E  /  5.017°N 119.750°E  / 5.017; 119.750 ), and from thence to Tanjong Labian, the Northeastern extreme of Borneo. On

900-543: The Island of Taganak...being transferred, the United States Government will give favorable consideration to the question of the compensation to be paid to the ( British North Borneo Company ) in respect of the capital expenditure incurred by the company in connection with the lighthouse situated on the island, and that the United States Government will provide for the future maintenance of the lighthouse. At

945-403: The Manila press announced that Malaysia had annexed the islands. Three days of hype, supported by news maps showing the annexation, died away when it was revealed that the "annexation" was the result of the misreading of an American naval chart by a Philippine naval officer. The officer mistook a deepwater ship route for the boundary of Malaysia's new economic zone. The islands are located within

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990-551: The Northwest. From Tanjong Sempang Mangayau , the North point of Borneo , along the Eastern limit of South China Sea to Cape Calavite, the Northwest point of Mindoro . On the Northeast. The Southwest coast of Mindoro to Buruncan Point, its Southern extreme, thence a line through Semirara and Caluya Islands to Nasog Point ( 11°53′N 121°53′E  /  11.883°N 121.883°E  / 11.883; 121.883 )

1035-643: The Northwestern extreme of Panay , along the West and Southeast coast of that island to Tagubanhan Island ( 11°08′N 123°07′E  /  11.133°N 123.117°E  / 11.133; 123.117 ), thence a line to the Northern extreme of Negros and down the West coast to Siaton Point, its Southern extreme, thence across to Tagolo Point ( 8°44′N 123°22′E  /  8.733°N 123.367°E  / 8.733; 123.367 ), Mindanao . On

1080-402: The Philippines made known its decision to press ahead with taking over the administration of the islands. Pursuant to a supplemental international agreement, the transfer of administration became effective on 16 October 1947. The largest of the islands, Taganak, is near the entrance to Sandakan Bay. The lighthouse on the island, which was of practical importance to nearby North Borneo, became

1125-440: The Philippines, of which Taganak is the largest. Access to the Turtle Islands is difficult, as there are no regular means of transportation to the area. This has kept the islands protected from turtle egg poachers. A station for park rangers is also present on the islands. The island municipality and its surrounding waters form part of the Turtle Islands Wildlife Sanctuary . Under the Treaty of Paris of 1898 , Spain ceded to

1170-539: The Southeast. From Tagolo Point, down the West coast of Mindanao to the Southwest extremity thence to the North coast of Basilan Island ( 6°45′N 122°04′E  /  6.750°N 122.067°E  / 6.750; 122.067 ), through this island to its Southern extremity, thence a line to Bitinan Island ( 6°04′N 121°27′E  /  6.067°N 121.450°E  / 6.067; 121.450 ) off

1215-475: The Southwest. The North coast of Borneo between Tanjong Labian and Tanjong Sempang Mangayau. The Star Trek character Hikaru Sulu is named after the Sulu Sea. According to Sulu actor George Takei , " [Gene] Roddenberry's vision for Sulu was to represent all of Asia, being named for the Sulu Sea instead of using a country-specific name". Turtle Islands, Tawi-Tawi Turtle Islands , officially

1260-600: The Sulu Sea. Straits out of the Sulu Sea include the Iloilo Strait , the Guimaras Strait , and the Basilan Strait . The sea's surface area is 260,000 square kilometers (100,000 sq mi). The Pacific Ocean flows into Sulu Sea in northern Mindanao and between Sangihe talaud Archipelago, North Sulawesi. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) defines the Sulu Sea as being one of

1305-577: The Turtle Islands as well as the Mangsee Islands were part of the Philippines Archipelago and therefore under U.S. sovereignty. However, by a supplemental international treaty concluded at the same time, the two powers agreed that those islands, although part of the Philippines Archipelago, would remain under the administration of the State of North Borneo 's British North Borneo Company . The supplemental treaty provided that

1350-477: The Turtle Islands. Presence of these formations are evident on three of the islands - Lihiman, Great Bakkungaan and Boaan Islands. The hills on these islands are mostly mud volcanoes. On Great Bakkungan Island, grey mud quietly flows from the vent in a pulsating manner accompanied by gas bubbling. On Boan Island, mud extrusion had ceased by August 2000. Compared to the other two islands, in Lihiman Island,

1395-659: The United Kingdom annexed the State North Borneo and, in the view of the United Kingdom, became the sovereign power with respect to what had been the State of North Borneo. On 19 September 1946 the Republic of the Philippines notified the United Kingdom that it wished to take over the administration of the Turtle Islands and the Mangsee Islands. The British government responded by asking the Philippine government to reconsider "because these islands are so far from

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1440-650: The United States "the archipelago known as the Philippine Islands". The terms of that treaty were supplemented by the Treaty of Washington of 1900 . On the basis of this cession, the United States claimed sovereignty over the Philippine Turtle Islands and the Mangsee Islands , all of which were administered by the British North Borneo Company . Responding to the claim, the United Kingdom government said there

1485-443: The company attached importance to being permitted to retain control over them". Under a treaty concluded by exchange of notes dated 3 and 10 July 1907, the two countries agreed that the administration of the islands would continue to be carried on by the British North Borneo Company, with that arrangement to end should an international boundary treaty end it or should either government give the other government one year's notice. By

1530-463: The graduates from elementary and high school are forced to stop their studies due to poverty lack of scholarships from the government. Most of them have found a job in neighboring country like Malaysia. Tend to work as a construction workers and fisherman. Mapun Foundation Day is celebrated by the Jama Mapun every September 5. This week-long celebration starts on September 1, with a parade and then

1575-693: The locals use cassava as base on their daily meal. Sulu Sea The Sulu Sea ( Filipino : Dagat Sulu ; Tausug : Dagat sin Sūg ; Malay : Laut Sulu ) is a body of water in the southwestern area of the Philippines , separated from the South China Sea in the northwest by Palawan and from the Celebes Sea in the southeast by the Sulu Archipelago . Borneo is found to

1620-507: The municipal district of Turtle Islands. The "district officer of Turtle Islands" was given the new title of "municipal district mayor of the Turtle Islands" and the same powers and duties which pertain to such official in other municipal districts organized under the provisions of article VI, chapter 64, of the Revised Administrative Code, in addition to those prescribed under Executive Order No. 95 in 1947. In 1988,

1665-414: The nearest Philippine administrative base that...it would be in the best interests of both the Philippines and North Borneo for the latter to remain responsible for the administration of the islands." The British agreed to the Philippine request to establish a joint committee to examine the administration of the islands. The joint committee made an inspection of the islands but ultimately on 24 September 1947

1710-402: The resulting high population density level, which is more than four times the national average. Poverty Incidence of Turtle Islands Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Natural land cover types in the islands are classified as wooded, mangrove , brush, grass and bare. Most of the areas on the five inhabited islands used for agriculture are planted with coconut . There

1755-693: The southwest and Visayas to the northeast. The Sulu Sea contains a number of islands. The Cuyo Islands and the Cagayan Islands are part of the province of Palawan whereas Mapun and the Turtle Islands are part of the province of Tawi-Tawi . Sulu Sea is also where the Tubbataha Reef National Marine Park , one of the World Heritage Sites is located. Panay Gulf is an extension of

1800-534: The subject of an international dispute known as the Taganak Lighthouse Dispute . The Treaty of Peace concluded in Paris between the United States and Spain on 10 December 1898, which ended the Spanish-American War. The 1930 international treaty dealing with the transfer of administration of the Turtle Islands including Taganak contained the following provision: In the event of (the administration) of

1845-449: The time of the transfer of the island the Philippine government rejected the UK request that the Philippines pay for the cost of the lighthouse and that they provide for its maintenance in the future. The Manila government asserted that the obligations contained in the 1930 treaty "presupposes naturally that the lighthouse be in working condition at the time of the transfer and that its operation

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1890-497: The waters of the East Indian Archipelago . The IHO defines its limits as follows: It extends about 490 miles (790 km) from north to south and 375 miles (604 km) from east to west. Waves can stretch across 25 kilometers (16 mi) to 35 kilometers (22 mi). The sea is 4,400 meters (14,400 ft) deep but on its southern end Sulu Archipelago raises the sea floor to 100 meters (330 ft). On

1935-487: Was "no intention...to question the title of the United States" to the islands. However, the U.K. asked "whether the United States Government would be willing to forgo their right to these islands, out of consideration for the fact that the North Borneo Company had during many years carried on the administration of [the islands] under the apparent belief the islands formed part of the company's territory, and as

1980-414: Was cut on the northern slope of the hill to direct the flow to the sea. Submarine mud extrusions off the island have also been observed by local residents. Taganak, Boaan, Great Bakkungaan, Lihiman and Langaan are inhabited. Baguan, an island protected for turtle nesting and the smallest island, Sibaung, are uninhabited. According to the 2010 census, the population of the five permanently inhabited islands

2025-451: Was put in charge of administering the new special municipality. The following year, Executive Order 130 was signed by President Elpidio Quirino providing for regular and more usual local government structures. The Turtle Islands were constituted as the "municipal district of Turtle Islands" to be governed by article VI, chapter 64, of the Revised Administrative Code. It was provided that the provincial board of Sulu shall act as council for

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