25-476: The Maranao people ( Maranao : Bangsa Mëranaw ; Filipino : mga Maranaw ), also spelled Meranaw , Maranaw , and Mëranaw , is a predominantly Muslim Filipino ethnic group native to the region around Lanao Lake in the island of Mindanao . They are known for their artwork, weaving, wood, plastic and metal crafts and epic literature, the Darangen . They are ethnically and culturally closely related to
50-604: A common condiment . It is made of stewed sakurab scallion bulbs, ginger , and chillies in coconut oil . Dishes are intertwined with important cultural rituals across all aspects of Maranao culture: from birth to death. Traditionally, Maranao society is divided into two strata. Namely, mapiyatao (pure) and kasilidan (mixed blood). kasilidan is further subdivided into categories which are as follows; sarowang (non-Maranao), balbal (beast), dagamot (Sorcerer/Sorceress) and bisaya (Slave). The mapiyatao are natives entitled to ascend to thrones by pure royal bloodline. On
75-589: A schwa /ə/ . However, this process is not a form of gemination since consonant elongation in Maranao is not distinctive as seen in other Philippine languages such as Ilokano and Ibanag . Some of these are: Since 2009, it has been proposed that previous studies on the phonology of Maranao had overlooked the presence of "heavy" consonants, these four "heavy" consonants being /p’ t’ k’ s’/ . Vowels that follow these consonants are raised in position. There are four possible environments for that determine whether
100-573: A similar way in Southern (Lapuyan) Subanon , but without the vowel-raising. In contrast to Tagalog which has three case markers ( ang/ng/sa ), and Iloko which has two ( ti/iti ), Maranao has four: ( so/ko/o/sa ). (Subject) (Direct Object) (Benefactor/Location) Genitive (Possessive) Curiously, the sa is indefinite in Maranao, whereas it is definite/specific in Cebuano and Tagalog. Maranao pronouns can be free or bound to
125-643: Is currently spelled as "Y". "H" is only used for Malay loanwords, and "sh" (pronounced as /ʃ/ ) is normally used for Arabic loanwords and names such as Ishak ( Isaac ). "Di" or "j" are used to transcribe the /d͡ʒ/ sound, such as radia / raja (from the Sanskrit word for 'king', " Rāja ") or the English name John . In representing the mid central vowel (or schwa) /ə/ , different authors have employed various means to represent this sound (e.g. "E" or "U"). In social media, speakers use either of
150-665: Is like the head of a Hoopoe (Balalatoc in maranaw) and is profusely decorated with scroll, leaf and spiral motifs ( okir ). It is a symbol of good fortune. The Maranao have also developed their own adaptation of the Ramayana epic, the Maharadia Lawana . They also have a traditional dance, the Singkil , which was based on another local Ramayana adaptation, the Darangən . Traditional Maranao architecture, like elsewhere in
175-578: Is more closer to Iranun than to Maguindanao within the Danao subgroup. Maranao is spoken in the following provinces of: • Entire Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte • Northwestern municipalities of Maguindanao del Norte : Barira , Buldon , Parang , Matanog , Sultan Mastura , and Sultan Kudarat • Northwestern municipalities of Cotabato : Alamada , Banisilan , Carmen , Libungan , and Pigcawayan • Northwestern municipalities of Bukidnon : Talakag and Kalilangan • Small parts in
200-478: Is smoothly pronounced [la.jo.ka.kən] . Since the heavy consonants developed from consonant clusters, they are only found word-medially. Orthography-wise, "r" is used for /ɾ/ , "y" is used for /j/ , and "ng" is used for /ŋ/ According to Lobel (2013), [h] only occurs in a few recent Malay loanwords : Earlier Arabic loanwords with "h" that entered Proto-Danao or earlier Maranao were realized as k . Consonants are also pronounced longer if preceded with
225-889: The Danao language family . The Maranao were the last of the Muslims of the Southern Philippines undergoing Islamization , primarily under the influence of the Maguindanao Sultanate . Like neighboring Moros and the Lumads , during the nominal occupation of the Philippines by the Spanish, and later the American and the Japanese, the Maranao had tribal leaders called datu . In the 16th century, upon
250-532: The Iranun people and Maguindanao people , all three groups being denoted speaking Danao languages and giving name to the island of Mindanao . They are grouped with other Moro people due to their shared religion. The name "Maranao" (also spelled "Mëranaw", or "Maranaw") means "people of the lake" ( lanaw or ranaw , archaic danaw , means "lake" in the Maranao language ). This is in reference to Lake Lanao ,
275-532: The Philippines and at large maritime Southeast Asia , follows the Austronesian framework of wooden structures on piles, divided in three tiers pertaining to social class: torogan of royalty, mala a walay of lesser nobility, and the common lawig analogous to the bahay kubo . Maranao kulintang music is a type of a gong music. Sarunaay is also found among both Muslim and non-Muslim groups of
SECTION 10
#1732782585562300-711: The Tiruray or Subanon . Maranao royals have varied infusions of Arab, Indian, Malay, and Chinese ancestry Maranao is an Austronesian language spoken by the Maranao people in the provinces of Lanao del Norte and Lanao del Sur. Because of the mass influx of Cebuano migrants to Mindanao, many Maranaos are also fluent in Cebuano. Tagalog is also spoken by the Maranaos, which ranks second among its native language, along with English, and Arabic due to its importance to Islam and Maranao culture. Maranao language Lanao del Sur Confederate States of Lanao Ethnic groups in
325-461: The [ɨ] sound as a separate phoneme (written with ae ) instead of a raised allophone of /ə/ . [ ɪ ~ i ] [ ə ~ ɨ ] [ o ~ u ] [ a ~ ɤ ] Vowel [e] only occurs in loanwords from Spanish through Tagalog or Cebuano and from Malay. According to Lobel (2013), Maranao has the following consonants: In Maranao, /ʔ/ is not phonemic word-initially (similar to non-Philippine English). Hence, layok aken ('friend of mine')
350-399: The "hard consonants" /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ, sʰ/ are written as "ph, th, kh, z". Below is the sound system of Maranao including underlying phonetic features. Maranao has four vowel phonemes that can become more close or higher when in certain environments (see hard consonants below). The vowel raising effects of hard consonants may have led earlier studies to Although previous studies have analyzed
375-507: The Agus River system generates 70% of the electricity used by the people of Mindanao. A commanding view of the lake is offered by Marawi City, the provincial capital. Sarimanok , Papanok a " Məra " or "Marapatik" is a legendary bird of the Maranao that is a ubiquitous symbol of their art. It is depicted as a Hoodhud ( Arabic ) with colorful wings and feathered tail, holding a fish on its beak or talons. The head of Sarimanok
400-771: The Philippines Maranao language Maranao ( Filipino : Mëranaw ; Jawi : باسا أ مراناو ) is an Austronesian language spoken by the Maranao people in the provinces of Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte and their respective cities of Marawi and Iligan located in the Philippines , as well found also in Sabah , Malaysia . It is spoken among the Moros within the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao . It
425-646: The Southern Philippines. Kobbing is a Maranao instrument and Biyula is another popular Instrument. Biyula is a string instrument. In 2005, the Darangen Epic of the Maranao people of Lake Lanao was selected by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity . Maranao cuisine is spicier compared to most regions elsewhere in the Philippines, a trait largely shared with much of Mindanao. Traditionally cultivated spices, locally known as palapa ( Bontang, native product of Gandamatu ) are
450-482: The arrival of Islam , they developed into kingdoms with sultans due to the influence of Muslim missionaries. Maranao culture can be characterized by: Maranao culture is centered around Lake Lanao, the largest lake in Mindanao, and second-largest and deepest lake in the Philippines. Lanao is the subject of various myths and legends. It supports a major fishery, and powers the hydroelectric plant installed on it;
475-507: The coast of Zamboanga del Sur all of which are located within the island of Mindanao in southern Philippines. Maranao was historically written in Perso-Arabic letters called Jawi , which were known as Batang-a-Arab and Kirim . It is now written with Latin letters. Though there is no officially proclaimed standard orthography, Maranao is more or less written as influenced by contemporary Filipino conventions. The following are
500-452: The letters used in writing out native words: A, B, D, E, G, H, I, K, L, M, N, NG, O, P, R, S, T, U, W, Y In general, double vowels are pronounced separately, for example, kapaar is pronounced as /kapaʔaɾ/ . The final /w/ sound in diphthongs and "w" were marked with "-o" in older orthographies, as in other Philippine languages, but both are nowadays spelled as "w". Also, "i" was used in older orthographies to transcribe /j/ , which
525-559: The other hand, the kasilidan are natives suspected of mixed bloodline. However, due to the changes brought by time, these social strata are beginning to decline due to the rise of wealth of each and every Maranao families. Maranaos number 1,800,000 in 2020, representing 1.65% of the population. Along with the Iranun and Maguindanao, the Maranao are one of three, related, indigenous groups native to Mindanao. These groups share genes, linguistic and cultural ties to non-Muslim Lumad groups such as
SECTION 20
#1732782585562550-572: The predominant geographic feature of the ancestral homeland of the Maranao people. The original endonym of the ancestral Maranao is believed to be "Iranaoan". This group later diverged, resulting in the modern Maguindanaon and the Iranun people (whose names can also be translated to "people of the lake"), while the ancestral Iranaoan who stayed in Lake Lanao became known as the Maranao. These three ethnic groups are still related to each other, share similar cultures and speak languages belonging to
575-583: The supposed presence of the vowel /ɨ/ . However, analysis by Lobel (2009, 2013 ) showed that this may actually be an allophone of /ə/ after hard consonants. McKaughan and Macaraya also used "q" for the glottal stop regardless of position. Diphthongs such as [aw, aj, oi] were spelled as "ao, ai, oi". The orthography used in the study by Lobel (2009) was the one developed by Aleem Abdulmajeed Ansano of Taraka (1943–2008), Senator Ahmad Domocao "Domie" Alonto of Ramain (1914– 2002), and Shaiekh Abdul Azis Guroalim Saromantang of Tugaya (1923–2003). In this orthography,
600-536: The two letters or just leave it blank (e.g. saken can also be spelled sakn and sakun on the internet). Meanwhile, the Commission on the Filipino Language recommends spelling this sound using "Ë" for different Philippine languages in its 2013 Ortograpiyang Pambansa . In a revised Maranao Dictionary by McKaughan and Macaraya in 1996, the digraph "'ae" was introduced and used to represent
625-610: The vowel will be raised or not: Consonant cluster homogenization occurred in earlier Danao and Subanon, where the articulations of the first consonant followed that of the second (Ex: *-gp- > *-bp- ). A study by Allison noted that Proto-Danao *b, *d, g* were lost in modern Maranao when found before other consonants with the same place of articulation (Ex: *bp > *p ), but preserved elsewehere. Lobel noted that this sound change actually resulted in two features of Maranao phonology: heavy consonants and raised vowels (* [-bpa-] > [-pʰɤ-] ). Aspirated consonants also developed in
#561438