82-577: Marfleet is an area of Kingston upon Hull , East Riding of Yorkshire , England, in the east of the city, near King George Dock . Marfleet was until the late 20th century a small village outside the urban area of Hull – developments including the Hull and Holderness Turnpike (1833), the Hull and Holderness Railway (1854) and the King George Dock (1914), as well as establishments of factories in
164-539: A flyover bridge crossing the railway. Prefab housing was built along Hedon Road east of Marfleet after the Second World War . In the decade after the end of that war several large factories were established to the east, north of Hedon Road, including a typewriter works ( Imperial Typewriters , est.1954, closed c. 1975 ); a Cod Liver Oil factory (British Cod Liver Oil Producers Ltd., later Seven Seas , est.1935, closed c. 2015 ); and, to
246-488: A listed building in 1994, together with its churchyard wall and gate. Marfleet Primary School was established by the school board in 1892. During the Second World War the area, specifically the docks, was bombed during the Hull Blitz – Fenner's factory was destroyed in 1941, and rebuilding began 1947. By 1950 and more housing had been built – on Marfleet Avenue, and along Hedon Road (the former turnpike) – most of
328-455: A non-metropolitan district of the newly created shire county of Humberside. Humberside (and its county council ) was abolished on 1 April 1996 and Hull was made a unitary authority area . The single-tier local authority of the city is now Hull City Council (officially Kingston upon Hull City Council), headquartered in the Guildhall in the city centre. The council was designated as
410-477: A brickworks, church institute, school, and other factory works. A Jewish cemetery had been established off Delhi Street in 1858. The site was extended northwards in 1903. In 1923 another Jewish cemetery was established directly south of the Anglican church. The current church of Saint Giles was built 1884 to the design of J.T. Webster. It is of stone in an Early English style, with a slate roof. The church became
492-550: A few farms; the railway station; a Wesleyan Methodist Chapel; the church (St Peter's) and its parsonage; and an Inn, the Wheelwright's Arms (later Marfleet New Inn) on the Hull and Hedon Trust turnpike road – at this time the road was 500 feet (150 m) or less from the Humber Estuary itself. The village was well outside the urban spread of Hull, with approaching 2 miles (3.2 km) of enclosed fields between it and
574-681: A former brickyard (pre-1850); St Gile's church (1883–84); the Primary School (1892); the Vicarage (1908); and the Church Institute (1914). The village is a small place, chiefly of scattered farm houses, [...] A large old farm-house, with a rookery attached, and a small chapel are the only things worth noticing. Marfleet was mentioned in the Domesday Survey, as Mereflet , part of the manor of Mappleton . The etymology of
656-682: A new dock had been built west of the village; in 1906 the Hull Joint Dock Act was passed allowing the construction of a new large dock east of Alexandra Dock jointly by the North Eastern Railway and the Hull and Barnsley Railway – this was opened as the King George Dock in 1914. The works had included reclamation of land at the Humber foreshore, extended the river frontage much further south, essentially to
738-401: A new flood defence scheme to protect homes and businesses, stretching 4 miles (6.4 km) from St Andrews Quay Retail Park to Victoria Dock , linking to other defences at Paull and Hessle . Started in 2016, it was completed in early 2021. The scheme was officially opened on 3 March 2022, by Rebecca Pow . At around 00:56 GMT on 27 February 2008, Hull was 30 miles (48 km) north of
820-550: A population of 235. On 25 March 1898 the parish was abolished and merged with Sculcoates . The turnpike trust was discontinued in 1881, and Marfleet became part of the borough of Hull ( Hullshire ) in 1882. In 1885 the Drypool and Marfleet Steam Tramways Company was formed with the aim of operating steam tram service from Drypool terminating at Marfleet – the company was acquired by the Hull Corporation in 1899, and by
902-498: A population of only 109) a hotel, the "Station Hotel" (later called "Queen's Hotel") was built. The line began at the York and North Midland Railway 's Victoria Dock station and ran east, passing Hedon to the north; it then turned south-east, passing Burstwick to the south, halfway between Ottringham and Ryehill, then the line passed Keyingham to the north and then east and south to Patrington , before entering Withernsea, which
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#1732797559980984-570: A prominent part in the abolition of the slave trade in Britain. More than 95% of the city was damaged or destroyed in the blitz and suffered a period of post-industrial decline (social deprivation, education and policing). The destroyed areas of the city were rebuilt in the post–Second World War period. In the early 21st century spending boom before the late 2000s recession the city saw large amounts of new retail, commercial, housing and public service construction spending. The city offers
1066-640: A variety of museums, art galleries, stunning architecture, and a thriving arts scene. Due to Hull's growing appeal as an outdoor film location, particularly for period dramas using the Old Town's historic streets and buildings, plans for a purpose-built film studio complex have been approved by Hull City Council. The £3m complex could open by the end of 2025. The city has earned the nickname "Hullywood" in recent years, after productions including The Crown , Enola Holmes 2 , The Personal History of David Copperfield , Victoria and Blitz have been filmed in
1148-398: A waste gasification process. Commissioning of the plant was undertaken in 2019 with full operation expected to be late 2019. Hull Marina was developed on land formerly occupied by the railway docks in the centre of the city. It was repurposed and opened in 1983, it has 270 berths for yachts and small sailing craft. Hull and Holderness Railway The Hull and Holderness Railway
1230-466: Is 36.9 °C (98.4 °F), set in July 2022. Typically, the warmest day should reach 28.8 °C (83.8 °F), though slightly over 10 days should achieve a temperature of 25.1 °C (77.2 °F) or more in an "average" year. All averages refer to the 1991–2020 period. The absolute minimum temperature is −11.1 °C (12.0 °F), recorded during January 1982. Winters are generally mild for
1312-791: Is a port city and unitary authority area in the East Riding of Yorkshire , England. It lies upon the River Hull at its confluence with the Humber Estuary, 25 miles (40 km) inland from the North Sea and 37 miles (60 km) south-east of York , the historic county town . With a population of 268,852 (2022), it is the fourth-largest city in the Yorkshire and the Humber region after Leeds , Sheffield and Bradford . Hull has more than 800 years of seafaring history and
1394-481: Is expected to be at increasing levels of risk from flooding due to global warming. Historically, Hull has been affected by tidal and storm flooding from the Humber; the last serious floods were in the 1950s, in 1953, 1954 and the winter of 1959. Many areas of Hull were flooded during the June 2007 United Kingdom floods , with 8,600 homes and 1,300 businesses affected. Further flooding occurred in 2013, resulting in
1476-550: Is known as Yorkshire's maritime city. The town of Wyke on Hull was founded late in the 12th century by the monks of Meaux Abbey as a port from which to export their wool. Renamed Kings-town upon Hull in 1299, Hull had been a market town , military supply port, trading centre, fishing and whaling centre and industrial metropolis. Hull was an early theatre of battle in the English Civil Wars . Its 18th-century Member of Parliament, William Wilberforce , took
1558-577: Is part of the Humber Enterprise Zone . Although the fishing industry, including oilseed production, declined in the 1970s due to the Cod Wars , the city remains a busy port, handling 13 million tonnes of cargo per year. The port operations run by Associated British Ports and other companies in the port employ 5,000 people. A further 18,000 are employed as a direct result of the port's activities. The port freight railway line,
1640-562: Is the largest. The city is surrounded by the rural East Riding of Yorkshire. Some areas of Hull lie on reclaimed land at or below sea level. The Hull Tidal Surge Barrier is at the point where the River Hull joins the Humber Estuary and is lowered at times when unusually high tides are expected. It is used between 8 and 12 times per year and protects the homes of approximately 10,000 people from flooding. Due to its low level, Hull
1722-429: Is west of the River Hull and close to the Humber. The city is built upon alluvial and glacial deposits which overlie chalk rocks but the underlying chalk has no influence on the topography. The land within the city is generally very flat and is only 2 to 4 metres (6.5 to 13 ft) above sea level . Because of the relative flatness of the site there are few physical constraints upon building and many open areas are
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#17327975599801804-611: The Time Out list of the 15 best places to visit in the UK in 2024, with the guide commenting that the city has got "The Deep, an enormous aquarium with 3,000 species, a picturesque old town which survived the city's relentless WWII bombings, and lots of up and coming indie art galleries like Ground and Artlink. Don't sleep on Hull". In 2016, it was named as one of the top 10 cities in the world to visit by Rough Guides alongside cities such as Seoul, Vancouver, Amsterdam and Reykjavik. In 2017,
1886-499: The 2007 local elections , ending several years in which no single party had a majority. They retained control in the 2008 local elections by an increased majority and in the 2010 local elections . Following the UK's local elections of 2011 , the Labour Party gained control of the council, increasing their majority in the 2012 and retained this following the 2014 local elections . They increased their majority by one in
1968-399: The 2015 local elections , but lost it in the 2016 local elections . In the 2018 local elections all of the council was up for election following boundary changes that reduced the number of seats by 2. Labour retained control of the council but with a much reduced majority, while in the 2019 local elections there was no change to the make-up of the council. In the 2021 local elections
2050-488: The House of Commons and at the last general election, in 2019 , elected three Labour MPs: Emma Hardy , Diana Johnson and Karl Turner . William Wilberforce is the most celebrated of Hull's former MPs. He was a native of the city and the member for Hull from 1780 to 1784 when he was elected as an Independent member for Yorkshire . Kingston upon Hull is on the northern bank of the Humber Estuary . The city centre
2132-491: The Hull Docks Branch , operates 22 trains per day. In January 2011 Siemens Wind Power and Associated British Ports signed a memorandum of understanding concerning the construction of a wind turbine blade manufacturing plant at Alexander Dock. The plan would require some modification of the dock to allow the ships, used for transporting the wind turbine blades, to dock and be loaded. Planning applications for
2214-458: The Humber Estuary . The A1033 Hull to Hedon road passes directly east–west through the area, and the dock end of the Hull Docks Branch railway reaches King George Dock. Marfleet Avenue runs northwards from the A1033, and to the east the original route of Marfleet Lane passes the old village centre. To the west is Alexandra Dock and the area known as Southcoates , beyond which is Drypool ; to
2296-705: The Liberal Democrats gained a couple of seats but Labour retained control by just three seats. On 3 March 2022, Labour councillor Julia Conner defected to the Liberal Democrats, reducing the Labour majority to one. The Liberal Democrats won overall control of the City Council in the 2022 local elections to end ten years of Labour rule, increasing their majority in the 2023 local elections . The city returned three members of parliament to
2378-541: The River Hull – it consists of remnants of the former village, including the historic church, surrounded mainly by industrial buildings and port-side warehousing. Approximate boundaries can be represented by the Holderness Drain to the west; the Old Fleet Drain to the east; and the trackbed (now cyclepath) of the former Hull and Holderness Railway to the north; to the south is King George Dock and
2460-519: The ancient parishes of Hessle and North Ferriby , but was remote from either parish church. A chapel of ease dedicated to Holy Trinity was built to serve the part of the borough in Hessle parish; that church subsequently became Hull Minster . St Mary's Church similarly began as a chapel of ease for the part of the borough in North Ferriby parish. In 1440, a further charter incorporated
2542-558: The epicentre of an earthquake measuring 5.3 on the Richter Scale which lasted for nearly 10 seconds. This was an unusually large earthquake for this part of the world. Another notable quake occurred early in the morning of 10 June 2018. Located in Northern England , Hull has a temperate maritime climate which is dominated by the passage of mid-latitude depressions. The weather is very changeable from day to day and
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2624-474: The old town (including its museum quarter) and the marina . Hull University was founded in 1927 and had over 16,000 students in 2022. Rugby league football teams include clubs Hull F.C. and Hull Kingston Rovers . The city's association football club is Hull City ( EFL Championship ). Hull RUFC and Hull Ionians both play in the National League 2 North of rugby union. The city came 2nd in
2706-404: The 1991 UK census, and has been officially estimated as 256,200 in July 2006. In 2001, approximately 53,000 people were aged under 16, 174,000 were aged 16–74, and 17,000 aged 75 and over. Of the total population 97.7% were white and the largest minority ethnic group was of 749 people who considered themselves to be ethnically Chinese. There were 3% of people living in Hull who were born outside
2788-522: The Baltic and the Low Countries were all key trading areas for Hull's merchants. In addition, there was trade with France, Spain and Portugal. Sir William de la Pole was the town's first mayor. A prosperous merchant, de la Pole founded a family that became prominent in government. Another successful son of a Hull trading family was bishop John Alcock , who founded Jesus College, Cambridge and
2870-651: The Boom, in Hull. After the decline of the whaling industry post the Second World War, emphasis shifted to deep-sea trawling until the Anglo-Icelandic Cod War of 1975–1976. The conditions set at the end of this dispute started Hull's economic decline. In 2017 Hull was awarded the title of 'City of Culture' by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. Within the city there
2952-531: The Chartes type once existed in the area, known as the Walls of Troy , near the Humber banks, it was destroyed sometime in the mid 19th century. Other lost features include two non-conformist chapels (19th century), a manor house (in existence in the late 18th century). In 1854 the Hull and Holderness Railway and its Marfleet railway station opened. In the mid 19th century Marfleet consisted of
3034-586: The New World, with thousands of emigrants sailing to Hull and stopping for administrative purposes before travelling on to Liverpool and then North America. Parallel to this growth in passenger shipping was the emergence of the Wilson Line of Hull (which had been founded in 1825 by Thomas Wilson ). By the early 20th century, the company had grown – largely through its monopolisation of North Sea passenger routes and later mergers and acquisitions – to be
3116-462: The Patrington line was not included in the resultant acts of 1846. A second attempt at a line was promoted by Hull businessman Anthony Bannister , with the intention of linking Hull with the rich agricultural area of South Holderness , and the development of a coastal village ( Withernsea ) into a new seaside resort. The silting up of Patrington and Hedon Havens was another incentive for
3198-543: The Preston Road and Greatfield Estate – it extends as far east as the Old Fleet Drain. The ward's population in 2011 was 13,633. The former village has an 'island' like character in the industrial setting is now surrounded – the village was designated as a conservation area in 1994. Older buildings surviving in the area include "The Grange" (18th century farmhouse); cottages and buildings associated with
3280-400: The UK's worst performing authority in both 2004 and 2005, but in 2006 was rated as a two star 'improving adequate' council and in 2007 it retained its two stars with an 'improving well' status. In the 2008 corporate performance assessment the city retained its "improving well" status but was upgraded to a three star rating. The Liberal Democrats won overall control of the City Council in
3362-600: The United Kingdom. In 2006, the largest minority ethnic grouping was Iraqi Kurds who were estimated at 3,000. Most of these people were placed in the city by the Home Office while their applications for asylum were being processed. In 2001, the city was 71.7% Christian. A further 18% of the population indicated they were of no religion while 8.4% did not specify any religious affiliation. Historically, minorities of many faiths and nationalities have lived around
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3444-469: The advantageous situation of this hitherto neglected and obscure corner. He foresaw it might become subservient both to render the kingdom more secure against foreign invasion, and at the same time greatly to enforce its commerce". Pursuant to these thoughts, Craggs continues, Edward purchased the land from the Abbot of Meaux, had a manor hall built for himself, issued proclamations encouraging development within
3526-401: The area from the late 19th century onwards (notably one by H. H. Fenner & Co. , c. 1893 ) caused the development of the area into an industrial suburb . Parts of the former village, including the church still exist, isolated within the predominately industrial landscape. Modern Marfleet is an area within the built up area of Kingston upon Hull on the eastern side of
3608-499: The area of the present city. The area was attractive to people because it gave access to a prosperous hinterland and navigable rivers but the site was poor, being remote, low-lying and with no fresh water. It was originally an outlying part of the hamlet of Myton, named Wyke. The name is thought to originate either from a Scandinavian word Vik meaning inlet or from the Saxon Wic meaning dwelling place or refuge. The River Hull
3690-542: The city centre via the Victoria Dock Branch Line . Passenger service ended following the Beeching Report . The last passenger train ran on 19 October 1964. Goods traffic continued to use the whole line until 3 May 1965, after which it only operated between Hull and Hedon railway station . This service continued until 3 June 1968, the goods service to Marfleet lasting until 1972. Most of
3772-417: The city centre was destroyed. Hull had 95% of its houses damaged or destroyed, making it the most severely bombed British city or town in terms of number of damaged or destroyed buildings, apart from London, during the Second World War. More than 1,200 people died in air raids on the city and some 3,000 others were injured. The worst of the bombing occurred in 1941. Little was known about this destruction by
3854-475: The city cooler than inland areas during summer. It is also one of the most northerly areas where the July average maximum temperature exceeds 21.5 °C (70.7 °F), although this appears to be very localised around the city. Flooding in June 2007 caused significant damage to areas of the city. Droughts and heatwaves also occur such as in 2003, 2006 and recently in 2018. The absolute maximum temperature recorded
3936-500: The city had a high proportion, at 6.2%, of people of working age who were unemployed, ranking 354th out of 376 local and unitary authorities within England and Wales . The distance travelled to work was less than 3 miles (4.8 km) for 64,578 out of 95,957 employed people. A further 18,031 travelled between 3.1 and 6.2 miles (5 and 10 km) to their place of employment. The number of people using public transport to get to work
4018-496: The city was featured in The Sunday Times Best Places to Live Guide and in 2024 was named as one of the UK's most "up and coming" places to move to. Kingston upon Hull stands on the north bank of the Humber Estuary at the mouth of its tributary, the River Hull . The valley of the River Hull has been inhabited since the early Neolithic period but there is little evidence of a substantial settlement in
4100-656: The city. A senior council official has said that interest from the film industry was almost non-stop at the moment. In 2017, it was the UK City of Culture and hosted the Turner Prize at the city's Ferens Art Gallery . Other notable landmarks in the city are the Minster , the tidal surge barrier , the Paragon Interchange and The Deep Hull's award-winning aquarium. Areas of the town centre include
4182-466: The construction of a line, since it could no longer be used for transportation by water. A prospectus was issued in 1852, and the "Hull and Holderness Railway Act" passed 1853. Construction of the line in the flat and open Holderness plain was rapid and the line of about 18 miles (29 km) was opened on 24 June 1854. The line was originally built as a single track line, except sections at Hedon and near Ryehill . At Withernsea (which in 1851 had
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#17327975599804264-547: The development had taken place to the south-west of the church; to the east the landscape was still essentially rural. To the north-west the urban spread of Hull had encroached on the village – Preston Road and its associated estate had begun development in the 1920s east of Southcoates – by 1938 the new estate had reached the north-western side of the Holderness railway line, and a new straight section of Marfleet Lane had been built connecting Preston Road to Marfleet Avenue via
4346-601: The docks, Old Town and City Centre, coming in from European ports like Hamburg, aided by continental railways and steam-ships from the mid-1800s. Over 2 million passed through Hull between 1850 and 1914, on the way to a new life in America and elsewhere, but some planned or decided to stay. Dutch, Jews , Germans, Scandinavians and others were sometimes prominently involved in the life of the port city. They found opportunity but endured discrimination at times, such that these communities have now largely dispersed. Also in 2001,
4428-399: The early 1900s an electric tram service was running along Hedon Road to Marfleet. The situation was little changed by the first decade of the 20th century – a leather works ( Providence Leather Works ) had been established by H. H. Fenner & Co. , (built c. 1893 , the company also built some housing for workers) and a railway line branching from the Holderness line for
4510-484: The far east, adjacent west of the Old Fleet an Engineering works ( Priestmans , est. c. 1958 , closed c. 1985 ) and Humbrol (est. 1947, closed 2006). In 1961 Fenners opened a new research facility, and in 1971 added a new factory for conveyor belts. Marfleet railway station closed to passengers in 1964, and for all services in 1972. As of 2014 the station house is a private house, and some of
4592-641: The form of several well-maintained buildings from the period, including Wilberforce House , now a museum documenting the life of William Wilberforce . During the English Civil War , Hull became strategically important because of the large arsenal located there. Very early in the war, on 11 January 1642, the king named the Earl of Newcastle governor of Hull while Parliament nominated Sir John Hotham and asked his son, Captain John Hotham, to secure
4674-418: The furthest extend of urban Hull at Drypool . Marfleet Lane ran roughly north–south through the village, connecting to the turnpike, with the short Church Lane running east to the church; Back Lane also connected to the turnpike west of Marfleet Lane branching from Marfleet Lane near the station; the only other road was Poorhouse Lane, which branched north-east from Church Lane. In 1891 the civil parish had
4756-537: The largest privately owned shipping company in the world, with over 100 ships sailing to different parts of the globe. The Wilson Line was sold to the Ellerman Lines – which itself was owned by Hull-born magnate (and the richest man in Britain at the time) Sir John Ellerman . Hull's prosperity peaked in the decades just before the First World War ; it was during this time, in 1897, that city status
4838-472: The latitude with snow only occurring a couple of times a year on average and mostly only staying for a day or two before melting. It is frequently cloudy and the North Sea winds make it feel colder than it actually is. An average of 32.5 nights should report an air frost. Heavy snowfalls do occasionally occur such as in 2010. On 23 November 1981, during the record-breaking nationwide tornado outbreak , Hull
4920-524: The line of earlier low water mark on the Humber Bank, colinear with the 1880s Alexandra Dock development. Following the construction of the new dock there was extensive development around Marfleet, including extensive railway sidings for the dock; there was also new housing around Frodsham Street and Ceylon Street, west and south of the village; additionally Back Lane had been straightened or widened, and renamed Marfleet Avenue; other developments included
5002-431: The medieval period for upkeep of drains and a sluice – work on the outlet of the modern Holderness Drain at Marfleet began 1832. A direct turnpike road between Hull and Hedon was established an act of parliament, and opened 1833 (the turnpike trust discontinued in 1881). The church in the 1840s was a slated roofed brick building with buttresses, with a wooden cupola at the western end. A twelve sided turf maze of
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#17327975599805084-455: The name is thought to refer to a "pool stream" – the area is low lying and likely to flood, with several drains or streams in the area outfalling onto the Humber. A church at Marfleet dates to at least the early 13th century. It was rebuilt in 1793, repaired 1875, and rebuilt again in 1883–4. Marfleet began a separate parish from Paull by the 18th century. Land around Marfleet was enclosed by an act of 1763. Taxes were levied during
5166-525: The north is the urban area of Preston Road and its associated estate, and to the north-east the Greatfield housing estate ; to the far east is Salt End and its chemical works. Marfleet is located on low-lying ground – the area is all below 5 metres (16 ft) above sea level. Marfleet Ward contains the village as well as part of Southcoates south of the Hull Docks branch, as well as large parts of
5248-573: The plant were submitted in December 2011, and affirmed in 2014, concerning 75-metre (246 ft) blades for the 6 MW offshore model. A 12.5-acre (5.1 ha) site waste-to-energy centre costing in the region of £150 million is also planned to be built by the Spencer Group. Announced in mid-2011, and named 'Energy Works', the proposed plant would process up to 200,000 tonnes of organic material per year, with energy produced via
5330-415: The rest of the country at the time, since most of the radio and newspaper reports did not reveal Hull by name but referred to it as "a North-East town" or "a northern coastal town". Most of the city centre was rebuilt in the years following the war. As recently as 2006 researchers found documents in the local archives that suggested a non-exploded wartime bomb might be buried beneath a major new redevelopment,
5412-400: The south and east the advancing suburbs had already reached it. The four villages were, nevertheless, distinct communities, of a largely rural character, until their absorption in the borough—Drypool and Sculcoates in 1837, Marfleet in 1882, and Sutton in 1929. The current boundaries of the city are tightly drawn and exclude many of the metropolitan area 's nearby villages, of which Cottingham
5494-520: The station's platforms are still extant along the current cycle path. The pattern of industrial and warehousing usage east of the village continued up to the end of the 20th century, with some further infill industrial or warehousing development, so that most of the area was in industrial use by 2000. In 2005 planning permission was granted for an estate of 95 houses between Marfleet Avenue and Lane. (Built as 'Acasta Way'.) Kingston upon Hull Kingston upon Hull , usually shortened to Hull ,
5576-401: The subject of pressures to build. The parishes of Drypool , Marfleet , Sculcoates , and most of Sutton parish, were absorbed within the borough of Hull in the 19th and 20th centuries. Much of their area has been built over, and socially and economically they have long been inseparable from the city. Only Sutton retained a recognisable village centre in the late 20th century, but on
5658-485: The town and instituted local government consisting of a mayor, a sheriff and twelve aldermen . In his Guide to Hull (1817) , J. C. Craggs provides a colourful background to Edward's acquisition and naming of the town. He writes that the King and a hunting party started a hare which "led them along the delightful banks of the River Hull to the hamlet of Wyke ... [Edward], charmed with the scene before him, viewed with delight
5740-571: The town at once. Sir John Hotham and Hull corporation declared support for Parliament and denied Charles I entry into the town. Charles I responded to these events by besieging the town . This siege helped precipitate open conflict between the forces of Parliament and those of the Royalists . After the Civil War, docks were built along the route of the town walls , which were demolished. The first dock (1778, renamed Queen's Dock in 1854)
5822-694: The town, and bestowed upon it the royal appellation, King's Town . The port served as a base for Edward I during the First War of Scottish Independence and later developed into the foremost port on the east coast of England. It prospered by exporting wool and woollen cloth, and importing wine and timber. Hull also established a flourishing commerce with the Baltic ports of the Hanseatic League . From its medieval beginnings, Hull's main trading links were with Scotland and northern Europe. Scandinavia,
5904-614: The warming influence of the Gulf Stream makes the region mild for its latitude. Locally, the area is sunnier than most areas this far north in the British Isles, and also considerably drier, due to the rain shadowing effect of the Pennines. It is somewhat warmer than west coast areas at a similar latitude such as Liverpool in summer due to stronger shielding from maritime air but also colder in winter and North Sea breezes keep
5986-519: The world. Docks were opened to serve the frozen meat trade of Australia, New Zealand and South America. Hull was also the centre of a thriving inland and coastal trading network, serving the whole of the United Kingdom. Throughout the second half of the 19th century and leading up to the First World War, the Port of Hull played a major role in the emigration of Northern European settlers to
6068-532: Was 12,915 while the number travelling by car was 53,443. Men in the University ward had the fourth lowest life expectancy at birth, 69.4 years, of any ward in England and Wales in 2016. The traditional industries of Hull are seafaring (whaling and later seafishing) and later heavy industry which both have since declined in the city. Companies BP and Reckitt Benckiser , have facilities in Hull. The city
6150-467: Was a branch line in the East Riding of Yorkshire , England that connected the city of Kingston upon Hull with the seaside resort of Withernsea via the town of Hedon and the villages of Keyingham and Patrington . An early proposal for a railway eastwards from Hull into Holderness was made in 1845 by the York and North Midland Railway for a line from a junction on a line to the east Dock ( Victoria Dock ) at Drypool to Patrington via Hedon ;
6232-411: Was a good haven for shipping, whose trade included the export of wool from Meaux Abbey , which owned Myton. In 1293, the town of Wyke was acquired from the abbey by King Edward I, who, on 1 April 1299, granted it a royal charter that renamed the settlement King's town upon Hull or Kingston upon Hull. The charter is preserved in the archives of the Guildhall . When first created, the borough straddled
6314-513: Was a patron of the grammar school in Hull. The increase in trade after the discovery of the Americas and the town's maritime connections are thought to have played a part in the introduction of a virulent strain of syphilis through Hull and on into Europe from the New World . The town prospered during the 16th and early 17th centuries, and Hull's affluence at this time is preserved in
6396-558: Was a series of festivals in public spaces to promote the city and its newly given title. At the start of the year there was a huge firework display attracting a crowd of 25,000. Following the Local Government Act 1888 , Hull became a county borough , a local government district independent of the East Riding of Yorkshire. This district was dissolved under the Local Government Act 1972 , on 1 April 1974 when it became
6478-457: Was built in the area occupied by Beverley and North gates, and the intermediate walls, which were demolished, a second dock ( Humber Dock , 1809) was built on the land between Hessle and Myton gates, and a third dock between the two was opened 1829 as Junction Dock (later Prince's Dock ). Whaling played a major role in the town's fortunes until the mid-19th century. As sail power gave way to steam, Hull's trading links extended throughout
6560-407: Was granted. Many of the suburban areas on the western side of Hull were built in the 1930s, particularly Willerby Road and Anlaby Park, as well as most of Willerby itself. The city's port and industrial facilities, coupled with its proximity to mainland Europe and ease of location being on a major estuary, led to extremely widespread damage by bombing raids during the Second World War ; much of
6642-442: Was struck by two tornadoes which passed through, and caused damage to residential buildings across the north-eastern suburbs of Hull and uprooted trees. According to the 2001 UK census , Hull had a population of 243,589 living in 104,288 households. The population density was 34.1 per hectare. Of the total number of homes 47.85% were rented compared with a national figure of 31.38% rented. The population had declined by 7.5% since
6724-407: Was to the north-east, and in which the line terminated. Up till 1859 the Hull and Holderness Railway operated its own trains, but from 1860 the line was operated by the North Eastern Railway on lease rental, and in 1862 the same company acquired the line; a short connecting chord was built that allowed trains to run through onto the dock branch, and, from 1864, services ran to Paragon station in
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