69-582: The Maritime Express was a Canadian passenger train . When it was launched on 1 March 1898, it was the flagship of the Intercolonial Railway (ICR) between Halifax , Nova Scotia and Montreal , Quebec . The train was operated by the Canadian National Railway (CNR) from 1919 until 1964, when it was reduced to a regional service and its name retired. The call for a railway to link Canada's Maritime Provinces with
138-431: A dining car or restaurant car to allow passengers to have a meal during the course of their journey. Trains travelling overnight may also have sleeping cars . Currently, much of travel on these distances of over 500 miles (800 km) is done by air in many countries but in others long-distance travel by rail is a popular or the only cheap way to travel long distances. One notable and growing long-distance train category
207-729: A day later at 3:30 p.m. This allowed for an early evening arrival at Point-Levi, providing a more convenient ferry connection for passengers crossing the St. Lawrence River to Quebec City . On the whole, the train proved to be popular with travellers, with a 45% increase in sleeping car revenues and a 260% jump in dining car revenues in its first year of operation. Between 1900 and the outbreak of World War I in 1914, ICR invested heavily in improvements to its rolling stock, motive power and infrastructure. It ordered new passenger cars, installed upgraded tracks and bridges to carry heavier trains, and constructed impressive new stations in communities along
276-572: A fixed schedule and have priority over freight trains . Passenger trains may be made up of a number of passenger cars hauled by one or more locomotives, or may be made up of self-propelled railcars . Car design and the general safety of passenger trains have dramatically evolved over time, making travel by rail remarkably safe. Some passenger trains, both long-distance and short-distance, use bi-level (double-decker) cars to carry more passengers per train. Passenger trains hauled by locomotives are more expensive to operate than multiple units, but have
345-602: A higher passenger capacity. Many prestigious passenger train services have been bestowed a special name , some of which have become famous in literature and fiction. The first occasion on which a railway locomotive pulled a train carrying passengers was in the United Kingdom in 1804, at Penydarren Ironworks in Wales , when 70 employees of the ironworks were transported 9 miles by an engine designed by Richard Trevithick . The first passenger train in regular service
414-655: A medieval feudal system. The land of the Lauzon seignory remained unoccupied until 1647, when Guillaume Couture became the first French settler installed by Quebec City . Couture was serving as the first Administrator, Chief Magistrate, Captain of the Militia, and member of the Sovereign Council ; he was widely considered a hero among colonists in New France . Couture, however, was not the first 'Seigneur' of
483-658: A survey of a route for a rail connection linking Halifax with Montreal. In June of that year, Captain John Pipon and Lieutenant E. Wallcott Henderson of the Royal Corps of Engineers were ordered to conduct a survey to identify the optimal route. Pipon would die in the attempt, drowned in New Brunswick's Restigouche River in November 1846, to be replaced by Major William Robinson. It was Robinson's 1849 report to
552-1114: A train consisting of a single passenger car (carriage, coach) with a driver's cab at one or both ends. Some railways, e.g. the Great Western Railway , used the term " railmotor ". If the railcar is able to pull a full train, it is more likely to be called a " motor coach " or a "motor car". The term "railcar" is sometimes also used as an alternative name for the small types of multiple unit that consist of more than one coach. Rapid transit trains are trains that operate in urban areas on exclusive rights-of-way in that pedestrians and road vehicles may not access them. Light rails are electrically powered urban passenger trains that run along an exclusive rights-of-way at ground level, raised structures, tunnels, or in streets. Light rail systems generally use lighter equipment that operate at slower speeds to allow for more flexibility in integrating systems into urban environments. Trams (also known as streetcars in North America) are
621-411: A type of passenger train that runs a tramway track on or alongside public urban streets, often including segments of right-of-way for passengers and vehicles. Heritage trains are often operated by volunteers, often railfans , as a tourist attraction or as a museum railway. Usually, the trains are formed from historic vehicles retired from national commercial operation that have retained or assumed
690-655: Is high-speed rail, which generally runs at speeds above 200 km/h (120 mph) and often operates on a dedicated track that is surveyed and prepared to accommodate high speeds. The first successful example of a high-speed passenger rail system was Japan's Shinkansen , colloquially known as the "bullet train", which commenced operation in October 1964. Other examples include Italy's LeFrecce , France's TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, literally "high speed train"), Germany's ICE (Inter-City Express), and Spain's AVE (Alta Velocidad Española). In most cases, high-speed rail travel
759-463: Is home to the enclosed regional shopping mall Les Galeries Chagnon which has 106 stores. Many small business and entertainment developed in the city during the last decade and finalized the transformation from a Quebec City suburb into a small city. Commission scolaire des Navigateurs operates Francophone public schools. There are many schools of different levels, including the Cégep de Lévis and
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#1732771763782828-511: Is open to the public. The City of Lévis, named after the successor to Montcalm , the Chevalier de Levis , was developed beginning in 1861. Its founder was Monsignor Joseph-David Déziel (1806–1882). As more settlements developed, there were changes among the municipalities in the territory of present-day Lévis; many were merged between 1861 and 2002, reflecting changes in governance. The Village of Pointe-Levy (or Saint-Joseph-de-la-Pointe-Lévy)
897-440: Is time- and cost-competitive with air travel when distances do not exceed 500 to 600 km (310 to 370 mi), as airport check-in and boarding procedures can add at least two hours to the overall transit time. Also, rail operating costs over these distances may be lower when the amount of jet fuel consumed by an airliner during takeoff and climbout is taken into consideration. Air travel becomes more cost-competitive as
966-471: The 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Lévis had a population of 149,683 living in 65,751 of its 68,205 total private dwellings, a change of 4.4% from its 2016 population of 143,414 . With a land area of 448.07 km (173.00 sq mi), it had a population density of 334.1/km (865.2/sq mi) in 2021. The city is one of the most homogeneous in Canada: around 95% of
1035-688: The Grand Trunk Railway (GTR) to Montreal. The trains took almost a day and a half to reach their destinations. The westbound train, called the Quebec Express , was scheduled to leave Halifax at 7:10 p.m., arriving in Montreal two days later at 6:30 a.m.; the eastbound Saint John & Halifax Express left Montreal at 10:00 p.m., arriving in Halifax at 8:25 a.m. The trains carried Pullman Company first class cars,
1104-576: The Maritime Express during the economic downturn but the option was rejected. With the outbreak of World War II , traffic on CNR's lines to the Atlantic coast soared, resulting in massive improvements to infrastructure and an expansion of passenger service. The trains frequently operated in multiple sections and in 1941 the railway introduced a third daily train, the Scotian , and converted
1173-538: The Maritime Express had added so many stops along its route that “the name ‘Express’ began to lose all meaning.” In the summer of 1909, the journey of the Maritime Express from Montreal to Halifax took 28 hours and 15 minutes, compared to 24 hours and 35 minutes for the Ocean Limited . The Maritime Express operated on a six-day per week schedule for much of its history, originally eschewing Sunday departures in deference to Maritime sensibilities about travel on
1242-544: The Maritime Express lost its status as the railroad's premiere train, giving up the numbers 1 and 2 to the Ocean , which it shared with the newly inaugurated Vancouver - Toronto /Montreal Super Continental . Following the recommendations of a parliamentary committee established to examine the future of Maritime passenger services, the schedule of the Maritime Express was reduced in 1957 to less than 26 hours eastbound and just over 23 hours westbound, improving connections with
1311-399: The Ocean to a sleeping-car only train. Wartime traffic continued to stretch capacity to the limit, resulting in the replacement of full dining cars on the Maritime Express with café cars in 1942. The running time for the Maritime Express was extended to almost 31 hours in 1943. That year, the train moved to the long-awaited new Montreal Central Station . With the end of World War II and
1380-565: The Quebec Bridge and the Pierre-Laporte Bridge , connect western Lévis with Quebec City. The population in 2021 was 149,683. Its current incarnation was founded on January 1, 2002, as the result of a merger among ten cities, including the older city of Lévis founded in 1861. Lévis is also the name of a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of Quebec , coextensive with
1449-720: The United States began in the 1830s and became popular in the 1850s and '60s. The first electric passenger train was exhibited at the Berlin Industrial Exposition 1879 . The first successful commercial electric passenger train, the Gross-Lichterfelde Tramway , ran a year later in Lichterfelde . Long-distance trains travel between many cities or regions of a country, and sometimes cross several countries. They often have
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#17327717637821518-579: The Wagner Palace Car Company . The sleepers featured 10 open sections and two drawing rooms, “finished in polished mahogany beautifully inlaid with lighter woods [with] ceilings of green and gold, in the Empire style, and the upholstering…of a rich green plush.” In 1900, the ICR revised the schedule of the eastbound Maritime Express to depart Montreal at 11:30 a.m., arriving in Halifax
1587-534: The "Forts Across Canada Series" (1983 and 1985). The stamps are perforated 12 + 1 ⁄ 2 x 13 mm and were printed by Ashton-Potter Limited, based on the designs by Rolf P. Harder. Lévis covers an area of 444 km (171 sq mi): 10% urban, 48% farmlands, 36% forests and 6% wetlands. In addition to the Saint Lawrence River, the Etchemin and Chaudière rivers also run through
1656-638: The CPR over ICR rails from Saint John to Halifax. By virtue of its shorter route, the CPR was able to complete the trip in three hours less than the Intercolonial trains. ICR responded by petitioning the government to extend its own tracks to Montreal through the purchase of a regional Quebec line, eliminating the need to change trains in Point-Levi. The railway also secured permission to purchase more powerful locomotives and new modern cars. On 1 March 1898,
1725-531: The Grand Trunk. CNR continued to operate the Maritime Express and the Ocean Limited , outfitting the trains with new power in the form of 4-8-2 Mountain-type locomotives and, later, powerful 4-8-4 “Northerns”. During the depths of the Depression, the Ocean Limited lost much of its lustre, becoming as much of a plodding local as its older running mate. Consideration was given briefly to discontinuing
1794-612: The ICR continued to largely maintain its own brand, including the use of its “IRC” reporting marks and its slogan, “The People’s Railway”. The ongoing financial crisis began to impact other struggling lines and in 1918 the government created Canadian National Railways to take over operations of the CGR and the Canadian Northern Railway , followed by the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and its parent,
1863-471: The ICR, circa 1903. Some later sources identify the train pictured as the Ocean Limited ; however, historians Jay Underwood and Douglas Smith both confirm the image is of the Maritime Express . Among other evidence, the same image appears on postcards produced in the first decade of the century that clearly identify the train as the Maritime Express . The locomotive in the photograph is a smaller 4-6-0 type that had been largely replaced by bigger motive power at
1932-404: The Intercolonial launched a faster schedule, rebranding its flagship trains as the Maritime Express . The eastbound train left Montreal at 7:30 p.m., arriving in Halifax the next day at 9:40 p.m.; westbound, the train departed Halifax at 1:30 p.m. and pulled into Bonaventure station the following day at 5:35 p.m. The trains featured first-class dining cars and sleepers built by
2001-663: The Lauzon Seignory, as the land had been previously owned by Jean de Lauson (French Governor between 1651 and 1657). During the Seven Years' War , in the summer of 1759, British General James Wolfe established a camp in the territory of Pointe-Lévy and laid siege to Quebec City. The siege succeeded. After being under bombardment for three months and fighting the English in the battle on the Plains of Abraham in front of
2070-750: The Mississippi River in North America, a jury convicted Marie-Josephte Corriveau , "la Corriveau" , of murdering her husband with a pitch-fork and she was condemned to death. She was hanged in Quebec City, and the British displayed her body in a cage for several weeks in Saint-Joseph-de-la-Pointe-Lévy (old part of the former City of Lauzon). This was the first time they had used this practice in North America; it
2139-485: The New Brunswick city and Halifax. The schedule also added a layover of more than five hours in Campbellton. For most of the year, the train carried mostly mail and express cars along with a few coaches. Efforts by CNR to boost ridership with its innovative “red, white and blue” fare structure and other improvements in the early 1960s failed to produce positive results for the Maritime Express and on 27 October 1963,
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2208-463: The Sabbath. In Quebec, where attitudes were apparently more liberal, the train operated daily between Montreal and Mont Joli for many years. With the inauguration of daily service on a year-round Ocean , the Maritime Express would maintain a Monday-Saturday schedule. Traffic volumes continued to grow on both trains to the extent that a third daily-except-Sunday train was added to the schedule in 1927,
2277-708: The United States. Between 1865 and 1872, the British constructed three forts in order to protect the City of Quebec and its surroundings, from the threat of an American invasion in the aftermath of its civil war. The British had maintained relations with the Confederacy during the war and at times helped its ships evade the Union blockade, so feared retaliation. Those garrisons never had to serve their intended purpose. One of them, Fort-Chambly, still stands to this day and
2346-491: The Yarmouth-Halifax train to boost express fish shipments. The new schedule had the train leaving Halifax at 3:10 p.m., changed from 7:45 p.m. Despite the changes, ridership on the train continued to decline, resulting in the removal of sleeping, cafeteria and parlour cars from its consist over parts of the route. On 28 October 1961, the Maritime Express was cut back to Moncton, no longer travelling between
2415-580: The all-sleeping car Acadian ; however, the train was short-lived, an early casualty of the Great Depression in late 1929. In 1912, the Dominion of Canada issued its first five dollar banknote, featuring an engraving of a steam-powered passenger train. The image on the face of the bill is of the Maritime Express traversing Nova Scotia's Wentworth Valley. The picture closely follows an original publicity photo, shot by an unknown photographer for
2484-555: The borough of Lauzon (former city). The Desjardins Group , as well as its subsidiary Desjardins Financial Security , are headquartered in the city. The founder, Alphonse Desjardins , lived in Lévis and, with his wife, Dorimène Roy Desjardins , ran the first Caisse Populaire (similar to a credit union ) from their home. The city is also a major agricultural business research and development centre. More high technology companies, such as Creaform (3D), have been established in Lévis. Lévis
2553-598: The bucolic Maritime scenery as the train skirted the Bay of Chaleur, crossed the Tantramar Marshes between New Brunswick and Nova Scotia and crested the Cobequid Mountains. Journalist (and future Nova Scotia premier ) William Stevens Fielding wrote in 1872 that the view of Nova Scotia's Wentworth Valley from the train was “a scene of grandeur and beauty unequalled by any other. (…) It seemed as though
2622-399: The character, appearance, and operating practices of railways in their time. Sometimes lines that operate in isolation also provide transport facilities for local people. Much of the equipment used on these trains' systems is original or at least aims to replicate both the look and the operating practices of historic/former railways companies. Passenger rail is one of the modes of travel with
2691-553: The city before ending their journey into the Saint Lawrence. The Chaudière River also boasts a waterfall with a suspended bridge, which can be accessed from Autoroute 73 . Lévis County existed until January 1982 when it was divided into Desjardins Regional County Municipality and Les Chutes-de-la-Chaudière Regional County Municipality . On January 1, 2002, ten cities were merged by the Quebec provincial government to form
2760-504: The city of Lévis. Its geographical code is 25 as a census division, and 251 as an RCM-equivalent territory. First Nations and prehistoric indigenous peoples settled in this area for thousands of years due to its ideal location at the confluence of the Chaudière and the St. Lawrence rivers. Many archeological sites reveal evidence of human occupation dating to 10,000 BP . Some historians theorize that Pointe-Lévy could have been one of
2829-701: The colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada (after 1840, the Province of Canada ), gained momentum by the mid-1830s. In 1835, editor Joseph Howe , a future Nova Scotia premier, wrote in the Novascotian that railway construction would greatly enhance trade within the province. In April 1846, the Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia , Sir Colin Campbell , wrote to William Gladstone , Britain's Secretary of State for Colonial Affairs, calling for
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2898-810: The conventional rail infrastructure to support trains that can operate safely at higher speeds. Many cities and their surrounding areas are served by commuter trains (also known as suburban trains), which serve commuters who live outside of the city they work in, or vice versa. More specifically, in the United States commuter rail service is defined as, "short-haul rail passenger transportation in metropolitan and suburban areas usually having reduced fare, multiple ride, and commuter tickets and morning and evening peak period operations". Trains are very efficient for transporting large numbers of people at once, compared to road transport. While automobiles may be delayed by traffic congestion , trains operate on dedicated rights-of-way which allow them to bypass such congestion. With
2967-499: The dawn of the 1890s, the ICR recognized the need for improved service on its Halifax-Montreal route. Beginning in 1889, the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) had become a direct competitor, operating its Eastern Express and Western Express trains out of Montreal's Windsor Station via Sherbrooke , Quebec and Saint John to Halifax. Most vexing for ICR managers, the federal government had granted running rights to
3036-467: The decline in military traffic, ridership on the Maritime Express and its two running mates began to erode. Revenue losses grew, although there were a few bright spots: the Maritime Express continued to show a profit on its Campbellton-Riviere-du-Loup route segment in 1949. The loss of passengers was compounded by the introduction of the first rudimentary interprovincial bus service and expanded air service by Trans-Canada Air Lines . In an effort to arrest
3105-654: The first sleeping cars to operate in eastern Canada. (Pullman's presence in Atlantic Canada was short-lived. Demand for sleeping car space fell short of projections, averaging six beds per trip over the first two years. ICR ended its Pullman contract, taking over sleeping car operations, in 1885.) The schedules’ 36-hour running time required coach passengers to change trains at Point Levi, Quebec ; sleeping cars were added to connecting regional trains. The trains originated and terminated at GTR's Bonaventure Station in Montreal and North Street Station in Halifax. By
3174-484: The first passenger train from Halifax reached Saint John, New Brunswick on 11 November that year. (Although, not without incident, the train having been delayed three hours by a derailed ballast train.) Two years later, the first trains ran between Mont-Joli , Quebec and Campbellton, New Brunswick . The first through passenger trains to link Montreal and Halifax departed on 3 July 1876, using Intercolonial tracks between Halifax and Rivière-du-Loup , Quebec, and tracks of
3243-411: The furthest points of the journey. This practice allows less populous communities to be served in the most cost-effective way, at the expense of a longer journey time for those wishing to travel to the terminus station. Higher-speed rail services operate at top speeds that are higher than conventional inter-city trains but below high-speed rail services. These services are provided after improvements to
3312-467: The legislatures of Canada, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia that would largely define the route of the interprovincial railway. He identified four advantages of a rail line that would traverse northern New Brunswick, close to the shores of the Bay of Chaleur : opening the region to settlement, reduced elevations, lower cost and the military advantage of distance from the United States border. Construction of what
3381-517: The line. In 1912 the railway undertook a massive project to construct a new terminus in the south end of Halifax, connecting it to the main line by blasting through miles of solid bedrock. The project would prove to be prescient when North Street Station and much of the railway's waterfront infrastructure was wrecked by the Halifax Explosion in 1917. The Maritime Express moved to a new “temporary” south end station on 22 December 1918 and to
3450-414: The lowest carbon dioxide emissions. Rail travel emits much less carbon dioxide per mile than air travel (2–27%) or car travel (2–24%). Point Levi, Quebec Lévis ( French pronunciation: [levi] ) is a city in eastern Quebec , Canada, located on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River , opposite Quebec City . A ferry links Old Quebec with Old Lévis, and two bridges ,
3519-570: The main centres of Native American population development in what became the province of Québec. In 1636, approximately 28 years after the French founded Quebec City , the seignory of Lauzon was founded on the eastern part of this territory. In the following years, other seignories were founded near the St. Lawrence River. Pointe-Lévy was primarily developed as an agricultural domain, in which several land-owners ("Seigneurs") controlled their part of land in
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#17327717637823588-419: The mountain were a monarch clothed in the loveliest raiment, sitting there to protect the smiling and fruitful valley. No wonder the ladies ceased their gossip, the card players threw aside their cards, and singers forgot their songs. All gazed with admiration on the beautiful scene spread out before them." The success of the Maritime Express led in 1904 to the introduction of a second Montreal-Halifax train on
3657-540: The new Halifax Station in 1928. The Maritime Express continued to build patronage through its first 12 years. Heavy traffic often required the addition of a second following section; in 1906 Christmas travel volumes forced the addition of a third section on part of the route. In 1904, the railway began to replace its older, lighter engines, mostly 4-6-0 “Ten-wheeler” types, with faster and more powerful 4-6-2 “Pacifics” built by Kingston Locomotive Works and Montreal Locomotive Works (MLW). Travellers were enchanted by
3726-405: The new city of Lévis. Previously, the former cities of Lauzon and Saint-David-de-l'Auberivière had been merged to Lévis in 1989. The regional county municipalities of which these cities were a part ceased to exist. The new city was divided into three arrondissements or boroughs. Desjardins , Les Chutes-de-la-Chaudière-Ouest and Les Chutes-de-la-Chaudière-Est , which correspond to most of
3795-403: The population is of European ancestry. Over 95% of residents speak French as their mother tongue. Although a relatively small city, Lévis is not a typical suburb. The presence of several large employers has allowed many citizens to both live and work in Lévis. It is home to Valero's Jean-Gaulin refinery, one of the largest in eastern Canada, Frito-Lay and Davie Shipbuilding are located in
3864-531: The railway was to be a condition of the union, enshrined in the Constitution Act, 1867 .) There was no formal “last spike” commemoration when the last section of the ICR's line between Quebec and Halifax was completed on 1 July 1876. Work had been completed in sections, with passenger and freight service offered as important communities were linked. Construction crews completed the difficult task of traversing Nova Scotia's Cobequid Mountains in 1872 and
3933-469: The route. ICR inaugurated the Ocean Limited on 3 July 1904, calling it "the finest passenger service…it has ever had." Begun as a seasonal summer service, it was expanded to a year-round operation in 1912, becoming a full running mate to the Maritime Express . Like other trains bestowed with the name “Limited”, the Ocean Limited made fewer stops than the older train. Its popularity was such that
4002-522: The same trackage (though not simultaneously), as well as producing a more comfortable ride for passengers. "Inter-city" is a general term for any rail service that uses trains with limited stops to provide fast long-distance travel. Inter-city services can be divided into three major groups: The distinction between the three types of inter-city rail service may be unclear; trains can run as InterCity services between major cities, then revert to an express (or even regional) train service to reach communities at
4071-400: The territory of the former RCMs (however, Saint-Henri and Saint-Lambert-de-Lauzon remained independent and did not amalgamate into Lévis). The ten former municipalities are today districts ( secteurs ) within the city; each of the three boroughs is composed of either three or four districts. The pre-2002 Lévis had already merged with Lauzon and Saint-David-de-l'Auberivière in 1989. In
4140-601: The time the Ocean Limited was introduced. Over 11 million of the banknotes were produced and they remained in circulation until the early 1930s. In 1915, as World War I deepened, the federal government moved to consolidate its railway holdings, including the ICR and the Moncton-Winnipeg National Transcontinental Railway , under the umbrella of the Canadian Government Railways (CGR). Despite this,
4209-651: The train became a daylight-only train between Montreal and Campbellton. Less than six months later, on 26 April, CNR removed the Maritime Express name from the train. Passenger train A passenger train is a train used to transport people along a railroad line. These trains may consist of unpowered passenger railroad cars (also known as coaches or carriages) hauled by one or more locomotives, or may be self-propelled; self propelled passenger trains are known as multiple units or railcars . Passenger trains stop at stations or depots , where passengers may board and disembark. In most cases, passenger trains operate on
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#17327717637824278-729: The travel distance increases because the fuel accounts for less of the overall operating cost of the airliner. Some high-speed rail systems employ tilting technology to improve stability in curves. Examples of tilting trains are the Advanced Passenger Train (APT), the Pendolino , the N700 Series Shinkansen , Amtrak 's Acela and the Spanish Talgo . Tilting is a dynamic form of superelevation , allowing both low- and high-speed traffic to use
4347-445: The trend, in 1952–53 CNR ordered 359 new passenger cars to replace war-weary rolling stock, including sleepers with more private rooms. In March 1950, diesel power appeared on the Maritime Express for the first time in the form of a three-unit General Motors EMD FP7 demonstrator; however, the Maritime Express was the last of the three trains to fully convert to diesel power in 1958, mostly in favour of MLW FPA-2 models. In 1955,
4416-399: The use of bilevel cars , which are tall enough to have two levels of seating, commuter rail services can haul as many as 150 commuters per train car, and over 1,000 per train: much more than the capacity of automobiles and buses. In British and Australian usage, a "railcar" is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The term is usually used in reference to
4485-434: The walls, Quebec fell to the British. During this time, Pointe-Lévy served as the main encampment of the British army in the Quebec area. The constant cannon firing between Quebec City and Pointe-Lévy discouraged both French and British ships from advancing further up the St. Lawrence, and reinforcements and supplies did not reach other major cities such as Montréal. In 1763, after the English took over French territory east of
4554-675: Was a horse drawn train on the Swansea and Mumbles Railway which opened in 1807. In 1808, Trevithick ran a passenger-carrying exhibition train called Catch Me Who Can on a small loop of track in London. The exhibition, which ran for two weeks, charged passengers for rides. The first steam train carrying passengers on a public railway was hauled by Locomotion No. 1 on the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1825 , traveling at speeds up to 15 miles per hour. Travel by passenger trains in
4623-633: Was renamed as the Village of Lauzon in 1867 and incorporated as the City of Lauzon in 1910. In the late 19th and beginning of the 20th century, Alphonse Desjardins pioneered the credit union movement, establishing the first caisse populaire in Lévis. He began developing what later became the Desjardins Group by travelling throughout Quebec and helping people in other cities start their own credit unions. On June 28, 1985 Canada Post issued "Fort No.1, Point Levis, Que.", one of 20 stamps in
4692-621: Was reserved for persons found guilty of particularly heinous crimes. This punishment had been practised in England since the Middle Ages . From 1854, the railroad was constructed to Pointe-Lévy; it became a major transportation centre for commerce and immigration. As it was located on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River, Pointe-Levy could be connected by rail to Ontario and the Maritime Provinces, as well as to Maine and all
4761-621: Was to become the Intercolonial's main line began in the mid-1850s, with the first trains operating on the Nova Scotia Railway between Halifax and Truro in 1858. In 1864, the British and colonial governments appointed the engineer Sandford Fleming to survey possible routes; by 1867 he declared his support for the northern route advocated by Robinson. Construction to complete the link between the Maritimes and Quebec would wait until after Confederation in 1867. (Indeed, construction of
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