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59-506: McKinnon Park Secondary School is a high school in the town of Caledonia, Ontario . It replaced Caledonia High School for the school year 1992/1993, which was converted into River Heights Public School. It temporarily served as a home to the new population of River Heights Public School in fall 1991 while renovations and an expansion were created. It is home to the SHSM (Specialist High Schools Major) program offering red seals (upon completion of

118-706: A Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Caledonia, Ontario. They played in the Golden Horseshoe Conference of the Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League in 2023 but ultimately lost the final game against Hamilton 4 to 0. They became a Junior B team when the Brantford Eagles were transplanted, renamed and replaced the original Caledonia Corvairs (1961–2012) . All hockey activities take place in

177-417: A plaster mill . They were anxious to secure the erection of some other manufacturing establishment to which they would furnish water power at a reasonable rate. Things seemed to be going very well for McQuarrie, Thorburn, and Munro, according to the 1877 atlas. But in 1880 the golden years of the partnership came to an abrupt halt and they were declared bankrupt. One wonders what part the 1876 rebuilding of

236-532: A conservative when the predecessor died in office in 1851 but lost the election. He became Caledonia's first Reeve shortly after in 1853. After several financial setbacks due to numerous of his business ventures burning down, McKinnon found himself in hard times. One of the last acts of his life was about 1875, when he attempted to have a steel bridge replace the pre-existing wooden one. Ranald McKinnon ("Town Father" of Caledonia) died October 18th, 1879, at age 79. Only those populations which compose more than 1% of

295-456: A dam in Seneca and a dam in Caledonia. Completed in 1835, the dams made water power available with the accompanying lock, and excavation finished early in the following year. Mills sprung up all over Seneca village, and five mills were built in Caledonia by 1850. One was renamed Caledonia Mill , which has been rebuilt and is now used for office space. In 1835, William Bryant was the first to own

354-448: A demolition derby, many magic shows and small concerts, rides for people of all ages, an event where local high schools compete for school spirit called 'High School Challenge', Touch-a-Truck, a display of classic cars, and more. The night, typically in the later half of November, is when the town's Christmas lights are turned on and celebrated in the Caledonia fair grounds where the children meet Santa Claus. The Caledonia Corvairs are

413-434: A four run stone mill of first class reputation, had a modern improved system of patent rolls with an easy capacity of 100 barrels per day. Its flour had earned a high reputation in the general markets and commanded a ready sale. At the time of incorporation it was run by water power rarely equalled in the province which would add to the profits of the business. The Village Flour and Feed Store composed part of lot number one on

472-509: A new milling firm. There were successful examples in other milling establishments. And so on Feb 16, 1892 The Caledonia Milling Company Limited received its provincial charter and in March, 1892 a Bargain and Sale was recorded: "William Scot and wife and Hugh Scott and wife to The Caledonia Milling Co. Ltd. Supposed flouring mill and an undivided interest in Dam #5 – 2 acres, 2 roods, 9 perches." (A rood

531-761: A residential subdivision to be known as the Douglas Creek Estates. It is part of the 385,000-hectare plot of land originally known as the "Haldimand Tract" , which was granted, in 1784, by the Crown to the Six Nations of the Grand River , for their use in settlement. Henco argues that the Six Nations surrendered their rights to the land in 1841, and Henco later purchased it from the Crown. The Six Nations, however, maintain that their title to

590-531: A series of fires leveled many buildings in the area. McQuarry, Thorburn and Monroe went bankrupt by 1880, and the Caledonia Mill was taken over by Robert Shirra, which remained active until 1960. A high school was built in 1924, remaining in use until 1991, when McKinnon Park Secondary School was constructed. It currently houses River Heights Public School. In 1927, the Grand River Bridge

649-498: A tavern in town. Official deeds to the lands early settlers occupied were not provided until 1850; however, they did have bills of sale. There was a high concentration of Scottish immigrants, and as such, many of Caledonia's streets are named in honour of this. Most notably, the main street is named "Argyle" after the example of Glasgow in Scotland. The Hamilton to Port Dover plank road was brought through Caledonia in 1838. A bridge

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708-451: A town hall was made in 1854 and was discussed for several months until over a year later the council decided to spend a "sum of Eight hundred pounds to build a Town Hall and public Lockup house." The town hall was built in 1857 and officially opened on January 18, 1858. At the time of its completion, John Scott was the Reeve of Caledonia, James Aldridge was the town clerk, and Thomas Belford was

767-512: Is likely that this cupola was used to allow light to shine on lineshafting on the top floor of the building. The Mill building was demolished by Riverside Properties in 2018 and work has commenced on the construction of an office complex. The land on which the Mill once stood is now owned by Riverside Properties. The river-front park is owned by Haldimand County , and the Millrace or Head race

826-610: Is located at the intersection of Highway 6 and Haldimand Highway 54 (within the town, these streets are called Argyle Street and Caithness Street respectively) on the Grand River . Caledonia was once a small strip of land between Seneca and Oneida villages. The Oneida village was started by the Grand River Navigation Company, which laid out the village of Oneida on the south side of the Grand River. The Oneida village plot originally contained 16 acres and

885-737: Is located within kinsmen park, next to the Caledonia Lions Pool. The second is located next to the local hockey arena, the Haldimand County Caledonia Centre. There is also a park featuring six baseball diamonds at 161 Greens Road, Caledonia, ON called Henning Park. There is a public basketball court located in McKinnon Park next to the Caledonia Skate Park. Additionally, a youth basketball league, Haldimand Huskies, operates using

944-869: Is now an unincorporated community in Ward 3 of Haldimand County. The current mayor of Haldimand County is Shelly Ann Bentley, and the elected councillor for Ward 3 (Caledonia) is Dan Lawrence. Public education in Caledonia is administered by the Grand Erie District School Board and the Catholic schools by the Brant Haldimand Norfolk Catholic District School Board . Schools located in Caledonia include: Students eligible to attend secondary school in Caledonia have two significant options. They can attend McKinnon Park Secondary School within

1003-730: Is owned by the Grand River Conservation Authority . For a short time in the 2000s, the Mill was utilized by the Grand Mill Theatre Company who used the main floor as a performing arts space. In 2011, the mill was included in Doors Open Haldimand County . The river-front park is utilized by many organizations because of its scenic location along the Grand River . From 2008 to 2016 the Caledonia Mill

1062-442: Is the fourth part of an acre, and a perch is a land measure of 5 and a half yards). The Caledonia Milling Company (Limited) received its charter February 16, 1892 with capital stock of $ 25,000, divided into 500 shares of $ 50 each. Each shareholder was to pay 20% on or before the first day of December 1891 and the balance at six percent per annum was due within one year. The new Caledonia Milling Company (Limited) would be taking over

1121-608: Is the only facility operating in Caledonia that offers a suitable environment for gymnastics. It can be found behind the Haldimand County Caledonia Centre at 10 Kinross Street, Caledonia, ON. Cemeteries in Caledonia include: Caledonia Mill The Caledonia Mill was located on the banks of the Canadian Heritage Grand River , in Caledonia, Ontario Canada. The Old Mill is thought to have been built c.  1846 . From then to 1892, it would seem

1180-400: Is the second oldest building in Caledonia, Ontario, still standing; the first being Haldimand House. The toll house was there when the original iron bridge collapsed and the new concrete one (still used today) was built. With the historic Caledonia Bridge in need of complete replacement, the beautiful historic toll house, which is currently a home and business, has been appropriated as part of

1239-811: The McKinnon Park Secondary School gym. A public skate park is located within McKinnon Park across the street from McKinnon Park Secondary School . Public tennis courts are located within the Caledonia Kinsmen Park. The only place for golf in Caledonia is the MontHill Golf & Country Club, which replaced the previous Hagan farm. It currently features 3, 9-hole courses for a total of 27 holes of varying difficulties and can be found at 4925 Highway 6, Caledonia, ON. Caledonia & Grand River Gymmise Gymnastics & Trampoline Club, locally referred to as 'Gymmies,'

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1298-675: The Rideau Canal System. On March 3, 1835, he married his first cousin, Euphemia McKinnon, who was 22 years old at the time. The pair would go on to have nine children. McKinnon was very involved in the community. He was the Treasurer of the Presbyterian Church for a time. In 1850 he petitioned that Caledonia be made its own township that would be absorbed into the county of Wentworth but nothing came of this. He ran for Haldimand County 's member of parliament as

1357-693: The flour milling industry in Caledonia was big business but not without competition across the river or financial difficulty. Caledonia founder Ranald McKinnon's milling enterprises on the Northside by 1850 comprised a sawmill , flour mill , and woollen mill . This Northside area of mill was known to be within the Village of Oneida. James Little's Southside mill was known to be within the Village of Sunnyside. Doomed by fire and daunted by flood, McKinnon had his share of bad luck with mills. His sawmill , many times damaged by ice and shifted off its location by

1416-531: The 1861 flood, lasted until it burned in January 1942. The 1844 flour mill was rebuilt twice following fires in 1862 and 1876 and remained until Sept. 6, 1969 when fire struck again for the last time. The 1848 woollen mill burned and was rebuilt in 1863 but was left down after claimed arson took it in 1881, two years following McKinnon's death. The Southside mill, left free from fire and flood, withstood and still remains over 150 years later. Our concentration on

1475-642: The Haldimand County Caledonia Centre. It is primarily used for the local minor hockey league, Caledonia Thunder, public skates and for the Caledonia Corvairs . Located opposite the Avalon development at 62 McClung Rd is the Caledonia Soccer Complex where the local Haldimand Soccer Club operates its youth soccer programs. There are two public baseball diamonds located in Caledonia, Ontario, that are not on school property. The first

1534-592: The Mill. The first occurred in the 1880s when a two-story L-shaped addition was added. The second was a two-story annex added in the 1900s. The three sections combine to make up the look of mill as it stands today. The Mill featured a distinctive cupola , a decorative feature rarely seen in Canadian mills of the era. The cupola gave a view of the Grand River Bridge , the only nine-span bridge in Canada. It

1593-587: The Ministry of Transportation's plan to replace it. The toll house is presently a private residence. The Caledonia Fair takes place on the fourth weekend after Labour Day at the Caledonia Fair Grounds at 151 Caithness St. E., Caledonia, ON. At the Fair, one can find a collection of farm animals, local art pieces and cooking all on display. There are also several events during the duration, including

1652-468: The Northside mill played in the financial difficulty, and or just how true the hype really was in the 1877 Haldimand Atlas account. The Northside mill was taken over by Robert Shirra. It was an employee of Grand River Mills, William Scott, a younger brother-in-law of Munro, who wanted to see the milling of flour continue at the Southside mill. So he formed a partnership called Scott Brothers in which he

1711-637: The Town of Haldimand designated the Caledonia Town Hall as a heritage building. The building currently houses the Edinburgh Square Heritage and Culture Centre, a museum preserving the local area's history. The museum holds events throughout the year in partnership with the other county museums, Wilson MacDonald Memorial School Museum and Haldimand County Heritage Centre , in addition to summer camps. The Caledonia Toll House

1770-402: The constable and keeper. Edinburgh Square was designed as a town hall with jail cells in the basement. The town hall was also intended to house a meat market in the basement. In addition, the second-floor hall was used for various purposes, from public events to Boy Scout meetings. In 1914 the library books had all been stored in the basement and the library was only reestablished in 1935 through

1829-559: The flour mills only is where the claimed big milling business of the 1860 and 70's took place. Up to then the two flour mills can only be presumed to have either been rented or managed for Little and McKinnon. Daniel McQuarrie was in partnership with McKinnon in the Northside mill from 1865 to 1869. This partnership came to a close and McQuarrie and James Thorburn bought the Southside mill known as Balmoral Mills, renaming it Grand River Mills. In 1873 William Munro joined McQuarrie and Thorburn to buy out McKinnon's flour milling business. Thus,

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1888-544: The hard work of Laura and Harold Senn. When the library was reestablished, it remained within the town hall until the new Caledonia Public Library was opened in 1967. The town hall was built by Mr. John Turner, a British immigrant who was residing in Brantford at the time. Mr. Turner also designed the courthouses in St. Thomas and Simcoe, St. Basil's Roman Catholic Church and Park Baptist Church in Brantford. On January 25, 1982,

1947-579: The land was never relinquished. The Grand River land dispute continued with 1492 Land Back Lane , protests occurring during 2020 and 2021. McKinnon was born in Ardelum, Scotland, on September 11, 1801. He came to Masonville, New York with his paternal grandparents, Malcolm McKinnon, his wife and a number of siblings. He worked in Virginia and Kentucky until 1820, when the family moved to Trafalgar , Esquesing and Vaughan . At 24, he began working on

2006-491: The lands on which they stood and a large storage and shipping warehouse on the lands of the Grand Trunk Railway Company at their station in Caledonia . Caledonia, at the time was said to be the centre of one of the wealthiest and finest wheat producing districts in Canada, the water power hard to equal and the railway shipping facilities all that could be desired. The Balmoral Flouring Mill, formerly

2065-539: The manufacturing and merchant milling business of the firm of Scott Brothers of the Town of Caledonia in the County of Haldimand . Farmers would be forming a joint stock company for the purpose of purchasing and taking over the business of what we know today as the Old Mill and all other businesses and property owned by Scott Brothers. William Scott would manage the business for the company. A provisional Board of Directors

2124-426: The mills and their adjoining properties were sold off to a company by the name of LH&J Enterprises, made up of three gentlemen. In the early 1970s, it seems that LH&J had sold the north mill and were leasing the south mill to Jan and Leona Buta. The north mill burned September 6, 1969. Through a change of hands, the south mill was purchased by the Grand River Conservation Authority , who were hoping to turn

2183-421: The population have been included. As of the 2021 census, 11,510 citizens spoke English only, 10 spoke only French, 595 spoke both official languages, and 60 spoke neither. As of the 2021 census, 6,725 citizens were identified as Christian, 405 people identified as Muslim and 4,695 as non-religious and secular perspectives. Religious buildings in Caledonia include: The first Reeve of the village of Caledonia

2242-457: The prospectus for purchasing, the property which was located partly in the town of Caledonia and partly in the Township of Oneida consisted of a large modern and recently refitted and improved roller mill known as "The Balmoral Mills" with about three acres of land, ownership of one-half interest in the dam across the Grand River and of all rights connected, two Flour and Feed Stores together with

2301-492: The requirements) at graduation in hospitality, green industries, and construction. The 2022/2023 academic year saw over 700 students enrolled. The school is home to the largest Indigenous student body in the Grand Erie School District, at 29% or 260 students as of 2018/19. Most of these students come from the nearby Six Nations of the Grand River . Due to the large number of Indigenous students attending

2360-524: The school, classes such as Cayuga language , native history, and native arts are offered. Caledonia, Ontario Caledonia is a community located on the Grand River in Haldimand County , Ontario , Canada. It had a population of 12,179 as of the 2021 Canadian Census . Caledonia is within Ward 3 of Haldimand County. The Councillor elected for Ward 3 is Dan Lawrence. As of 2021, there were 4,310 private dwellings in Caledonia. Caledonia

2419-627: The second division of lot number 10, Southside of Forfar Street, and was said also to be a valuable property and a good business. There were storehouses in connection with the flour and feed stores that were capable of storing large quantities of grain too. The storehouse on lands of the Grand Trunk Railway Company was under a ground lease from Grand Trunk, had a switch from the railway in connection with it and had capital facilities for storing and shipping. The Caledonia Milling Company surrendered its charter in 1964. Immediately,

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2478-690: The site into a conservation area and park. In 1979, they put the mill up for demolition. A committee of the Golden Horseshoe Antique Society saved the mill from demolition by having it designated under the Ontario Heritage Act through the Haldimand County LACAC (Local Architectural Conservation Advisory Committee). The Golden Horseshoe Mill Committee put up a new roof, and re-painted the mill building. In 1998, The Caledonia Old Mill Corporation

2537-419: The succeeding by-election, Ranald McKinnon ran for office but was ultimately defeated by William Lyon MacKenzie . In 1853, Caledonia was incorporated as a village, when the villages of Oneida and Seneca were amalgamated, and later as a town. Ranald McKinnon was the village's first Reeve. By 1860, the Grand River Navigation Company was bankrupt, and their land was sold to different organizations. Seneca village

2596-404: The town into bankrupting itself to ensure it happened. He became director of the line in 1873. The wooden railway bridge, a local landmark, spanned the Grand River and opened on September 22, 1873, allowing railway travel from Hamilton to Jarvis and later to Port Dover. A 'Railway Hotel' was built where the current train station sits, and after a series of detrimental fires, the current train station

2655-539: The town or take a bus to the neighbouring Cayuga Secondary School . Students eligible to attend secondary school in Caledonia have only one option if they are seeking a Catholic education: Assumption College School in Brantford, Ontario . Students who choose this option are bussed to Brantford each day. Previous to the town hall's construction, council meetings were held at the house of John Campbell (the local inn) and in other makeshift quarters. The first mention of

2714-429: The trio had the successful flour business in Caledonia all to themselves. The fire that required rebuilding of the Northside mill in 1876 didn't hold them back. The partnership was said to have the largest dealers in grain in the County of Haldimand . The Haldimand Atlas of 1877 also states they were turning out 1500 barrels weekly, paying out in cash a half million dollars annually, shipping mostly to Montreal where it

2773-421: The turbines which are currently still in place. The Mill contained a large amount of its machinery, as well as machinery transported from Apps Mill near Brantford, Ontario . Machinery on display in the mill prior to demolition included: Roller Mills, centrifugal flour dresser , swing-sieve sifter, several bolting reels, separators, purifiers, and bucket elevator systems. There have been two major additions to

2832-502: The two parties would be responsible for an undivided half of the dam, water and maintenance. In Feb. 1884 a declaration of trust stated that Samuel, William and Hugh Scott and Simeon Hewitt as owners in equal shares of Balmoral Mills including share in the dam. Samuel Scott died in 1886 and in time William became convinced that their mill might be better served another way. He canvassed many of his farmer friends and customers for miles around Caledonia persuading them to invest in shares of

2891-482: The west side of Argyle Street corner of Caithness St. However, the new Milling Company would own the entire building which contained the head office, and two other stores as well as the upper storeys which would be rented at remunerative prices. It was said to be one of the most valuable properties in the town. The other store known as the Caledonia Flour and Feed Store was on the east side of Wigton Street, on

2950-631: Was Ranald McKinnon in 1853, and the town hall finished construction in 1858. On April 1, 1974, the town was amalgamated into the new town of Haldimand within the Regional Municipality of Haldimand-Norfolk. Although the largest community in Haldimand, the town hall was located in nearby Cayuga. In 2001, Haldimand and all other municipalities within the region were dissolved, and the region was instead divided into two single-tier municipalities with city status but called counties. Caledonia

3009-494: Was built across the river in Caledonia and Seneca in 1842. When first constructed, a stagecoach travelled to both Hamilton and Port Dover daily. These wooden bridges lasted around 19 years before the ice on the river swept them away. The Seneca Bridge was never rebuilt. As of 2011, the Grand River Bridge built in 1927 serves Caledonia's traffic. In 1846, David Thompson of Ruthven became the first Member of Parliament for Haldimand County and died in office five years later in 1851. In

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3068-425: Was built, unique as the only nine-span bridge of its kind in Canada and the first reinforced concrete bridge of its type ever constructed. During these years, the town also saw the opening of an Opera House and the construction of St. Paul's Anglican Church. James Little, the founder of Haldimand House , ensured that the ongoing railroad project was routed through Caledonia instead of Cayuga and heavily influenced

3127-648: Was failing; many people from Seneca moved to Caledonia, and navigation on the river ended by 1880. A new way of transportation arrived around 1883; the Grand Trunk Railway passed through Caledonia. Oneida had become part of Caledonia, and the town limits were expanding. In 1875 the Caledonia Dam was sold to milling companies in the area from the Haldimand Navigation company however several of those companies fell into hard times after

3186-413: Was formed by community members to take over the restoration of the mill. In 2017, the Mill was sold for $ 1 to Riverside properties who have since demolished the structure and rebuilt it into an office complex. The Caledonia Mill was powered by three water turbines . One being significantly smaller than the others. Most lineshafting which connects leather belts and pulleys to machinery is still connected to

3245-447: Was joined by his brothers Samuel and Hugh and his brother-in-law Simeon Hewitt, a lawyer, of Brantford. Samuel Scott and Simeon Hewitt are claimed to be the financial principals. Robert Shirra paid $ 14,000 for undivided half of the rights and privileges in the dam, Samuel Scott paid $ 9,800 for an undivided half of the rights and privileges in the dam. An agreement of January 1880 stated that William and High Scott, and Robert Shirra each of

3304-418: Was named after the township where it began. In 1835, the same company started the village of Seneca about a mile down the river from Oneida on the opposite side of the Grand River. It was named "Seneca Village" after the township in which it began. The Grand River passed through Caledonia, dividing it into two sides, North and South. In 1834, Ranald McKinnon was hired by the Grand River Navigation Company to build

3363-523: Was opened on September 30, 1908. As new technology made the train station rather obsolete, it fell into a sad state of disrepair. It was only restored in November 1997 after a businessman, Ron Clark, saved the property. In 2006, the Grand River land dispute involving First Nation land claims brought Caledonia to national attention. The land at the centre of the dispute in Caledonia covers 40 hectares , which Henco Industries Ltd. planned to develop as

3422-416: Was set up to pay necessary preliminary and promotion expenses and then to pay Scott Brothers for the business and property within three years from the date of the incorporation. When one half of the stock was subscribed and 20% paid, application was made for the incorporation of The Caledonia Milling Company (Limited). The Provisional Board of Directors had to approve the subscriptions for stock. According to

3481-508: Was sold in the lower provinces of Canada and Europe . In 1877 they shipped 6000 barrels direct to Glasgow, Scotland . Employment to about 40 men added to the prosperity of the village. The Caledonia Dam was registered to them under a "Bargain and Sale" from the Haldimand Navigation Company in 1875. Purchasing and improvements cost $ 5,000 which allowed them to furnish water power to McKinnon's Woollen mill and

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