113-445: Memorial Plaza may refer to: National September 11 Memorial & Museum , World Trade Center, New York City, commonly referred to as Memorial Plaza Memorial Plaza (St. Louis, Missouri) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Memorial Plaza . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
226-446: A Wall Street trading floor, in which dozens of aides and managerial staff are seated together in a large chamber. The design is intended to promote accountability and accessibility. Bloomberg accepted a remuneration of $ 1 annually in lieu of the mayoral salary. As mayor, Bloomberg turned the city's $ 6 billion budget deficit into a $ 3 billion surplus, largely by raising property taxes. Bloomberg increased city funding for
339-656: A deconstructivist design, resembling a partially collapsed building (mirroring the attacks), and houses two "tridents" from the Twin Towers. One of the museum's walls is an exposed side of the slurry wall retaining the Hudson River, which remained intact through the September 11 attacks. About half of what Daniel Libeskind originally wanted to preserve of the wall is visible in the museum. Other Ground Zero artifacts include wrecked emergency vehicles (including
452-468: A technocratic managerial style . As the mayor of New York, Bloomberg established public charter schools , rebuilt urban infrastructure, and supported gun control , public health initiatives, and environmental protections . He also led a rezoning of large areas of the city, which facilitated massive and widespread new commercial and residential construction after the September 11 attacks . Bloomberg
565-643: A $ 500 million budget. In July 2008, the Survivors' Staircase was lowered to bedrock, making it the first artifact to be moved into the museum. By the end of August, the footings and foundations were completed. On September 2 construction workers raised the 7,700-pound (3,500 kg) first column for the memorial, near the footprint of the North Tower. By then, about 70 percent of the construction contracts were awarded or ready to award. A total of 9,100 short tons (8,300 t) of steel were installed at
678-423: A Danny Meyer cafe in the museum's atrium was criticized. In an early-morning ceremony on May 10, 2014, the long-unidentified remains of 1,115 victims were transferred from the city medical examiner to Ground Zero, where they would be placed in a space in the bedrock 70 feet (21 m) below ground as part of the 9/11 Memorial Museum. Reaction from the victims' families to the move was divided, with some supporting
791-439: A May 20, 2014 black-tie, VIP cocktail party for donors at the museum. Among the 60 attendees were former mayor Michael Bloomberg and representatives of Condé Nast . Family members objected to a party near unidentified remains; the sister of victim Robert Shay, Jr. tweeted , "Did you enjoy having drinks on top of my brother's grave last night?" Shay and dozens of other visitors were angered that first responders were turned away from
904-819: A feeling echoed by others. Bloomberg opposed the confirmation of John Roberts as Chief Justice of the United States . Bloomberg is a staunch supporter of abortion rights and did not believe that Roberts was committed to maintaining Roe v. Wade . In addition to Republican support, Bloomberg obtained the endorsements of several prominent Democrats: former Democratic mayor Ed Koch ; former Democratic governor Hugh Carey ; former Democratic City Council Speaker Peter Vallone , and his son, Councilman Peter Vallone Jr. ; former Democratic Congressman Floyd Flake (who had previously endorsed Bloomberg in 2001), and Brooklyn Borough President Marty Markowitz . On October 2, 2008, Bloomberg announced he would seek to extend
1017-402: A fire engine deformed from the collapse), pieces of metal from all seven World Trade Center buildings, recordings of survivors and first responders (including 911 calls, pictures of all victims, photographs from the wreckage, and other media detailing the destruction [including the crashes, collapse, fires, those who jumped, and the cleanup]). The Waterford Crystal "Hope for Healing" panels from
1130-601: A former Democratic congressman , to become the Republican nominee. After a runoff , the Democratic nomination went to New York City Public Advocate Mark Green . Bloomberg received Giuliani's endorsement to succeed him in the 2001 election. He also had a huge campaign spending advantage. Although New York City's campaign finance law restricts the total amount of contributions that a candidate can accept, Bloomberg chose not to use public funds and therefore his campaign
1243-560: A gain of $ 4.5 billion over the previous year, the world's biggest increase in wealth from 2008 to 2009. Bloomberg moved from 142nd to 17th in the Forbes list of the world's billionaires in only two years. In the 2019 Forbes list of the world's billionaires, he was the ninth-richest person ; his net worth was estimated at $ 55.5 billion. Currently, Bloomberg's net worth is estimated at $ 106 billion, ranking him 12th on Forbes' list of billionaires. Bloomberg assumed office as
SECTION 10
#17327729323271356-733: A kiosk on the Memorial plaza. In 2008 the Memorial conducted two holiday cobblestone campaigns: the first for Father's Day, and the second for the December holiday season. On September 9, 2011, Secretary Shaun Donovan of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development said that the department had given $ 329 million to the National September 11 Memorial & Museum through HUD's Community Development Block Grant program. According to CNN ,
1469-582: A monumental cast bronze sculpture by German artist Fritz Koenig , was commissioned for the old World Trade Center and completed in 1971. It stood on the Austin J. Tobin Plaza until the September 11 attacks. The sculpture was damaged but survived the attacks and was relocated to Liberty Park , adjacent to the Memorial, in 2017. Although victims'-family groups agreed that names would be grouped by workplace or other affiliation, NYPD cadet Mohammad Salman Hamdani
1582-480: A path through a "memorial glade " at the National September 11 Memorial. The glade and path honors first responders who later got sick or died after inhaling toxins at the World Trade Center site. According to 9/11 Memorial & Museum president Alice Greenwald and former Daily Show host Jon Stewart , the path was to be located on the southwest side of the memorial plaza, at the approximate site of
1695-466: A range of dignitaries, from President Barack Obama , former President Bill Clinton , former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and New York Governor Andrew Cuomo to former mayors David Dinkins , Rudy Giuliani and Michael Bloomberg and then-mayor Bill de Blasio . During the hour-long ceremony LaChanze sang " Amazing Grace ", which she dedicated to her husband Calvin Gooding, who was killed in
1808-580: A record for the most money ever spent on a presidential primary campaign. His campaign blanketed the country with campaign advertisements on broadcast and cable television, the Internet, and radio, as well as direct mail . Bloomberg also spent heavily on campaign operations that grew to 200 field offices and more than 2,400 paid campaign staffers. His support in nationwide opinion polls never exceeded 15 percent but stagnated or dropped before Super Tuesday , while former vice president Joe Biden had become
1921-544: A sixfold increase in documented stops. The policy was challenged in U.S. Federal Court , which ruled that the city's implementation of the policy violated citizens' rights under the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution and encouraged racial profiling. Bloomberg's administration appealed the ruling; however, his successor, Mayor Bill de Blasio, dropped the appeal and allowed the ruling to take effect. After
2034-544: A speech at the 2016 Democratic National Convention in which he called Hillary Clinton "the right choice". Bloomberg warned of the dangers a Donald Trump presidency would pose. He said Trump "wants you to believe that we can solve our biggest problems by deporting Mexicans and shutting out Muslims. He wants you to believe that erecting trade barriers will bring back good jobs. He's wrong on both counts." Bloomberg also said Trump's economic plans "would make it harder for small businesses to compete" and would "erode our influence in
2147-402: A temporary ramp that first responders used during the cleanup effort. The path includes six large battered stones that, in the words of Michael Arad, "appear to jut up and out of the plaza as if violently displaced, and convey strength and resistance". Several pieces of debris from the original World Trade Center were also placed along the path. The glade opened on May 24, 2019. The Sphere ,
2260-420: Is considered to have had far-reaching influence on the politics , business sector , and culture of New York City during his three terms as mayor. He has also faced significant criticism for the city's stop and frisk program, support for which he reversed with an apology before his 2020 presidential run. After a brief stint as a full-time philanthropist, he re-assumed the position of CEO at Bloomberg L.P. by
2373-411: Is standing tall at the Memorial." Keating Crown (a survivor of the attacks) said, "It reminds us all of the capacity of the human spirit to persevere." A Place of Remembrance: Official Book of the National September 11 Memorial describes the tree as "a reminder of the thousands of survivors who persevered after the attacks". In December 2010, the tree, then 30 feet (9.1 m) tall, was returned to
SECTION 20
#17327729323272486-546: Is that there is a political intention behind the exclusion". A memorial representative told the New York Post , "As Arabic-speaking visitors currently represent our 25th-largest group, Arabic translations are not yet among the initial foreign-language editions." In 2015, the ADC made an official complaint with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development , which had given hundreds of millions of dollars in grants to
2599-592: The 9/11 Memorial & Museum ) is a memorial and museum that are part of the World Trade Center complex , in New York City , created for remembering the September 11, 2001, attacks , which killed 2,977 people, and the 1993 World Trade Center bombing , which killed six. The memorial is located at the World Trade Center site , the former location of the Twin Towers that were destroyed during
2712-690: The Iraq War . Bloomberg was re-elected mayor in November 2005 by a margin of 20 percent, the widest margin ever for a Republican mayor of New York City. He spent almost $ 78 million on his campaign, exceeding the record of $ 74 million he spent on the previous election. In late 2004 or early 2005, Bloomberg gave the Independence Party of New York $ 250,000 to fund a phone bank seeking to recruit volunteers for his re-election campaign. Former Bronx Borough President Fernando Ferrer won
2825-472: The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey began heavy construction on the memorial and museum. The design is consistent with the original master plan by Daniel Libeskind , which called for the memorial to be 30 feet (9.1 m) below street level—originally 70 feet (21 m)—in a plaza , and was the only finalist to disregard Libeskind's requirement that the buildings overhang the footprints of
2938-484: The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey dropped its claim that the 9/11 Memorial & Museum owed it $ 300 million in construction costs in return for "financial oversight of the museum and memorial". Senator Daniel Inouye of Hawaii sponsored S.1537, the National September 11 Memorial and Museum Act of 2011, which would provide $ 20 million in federal funds annually toward the Memorial's operating budget (about one-third of its total budget). The legislation
3051-527: The September 11 attacks , with assistance from the Central Intelligence Agency, Bloomberg's administration oversaw a controversial program that surveilled Muslim communities on the basis of their religion, ethnicity, and language. The program was discontinued in 2014. In a January 2014 Quinnipiac poll, 64 percent of voters called Bloomberg's 12 years as mayor "mainly a success". In 2001, New York's Republican mayor Rudy Giuliani ,
3164-467: The Times Square Ball for New Year's Eve 2002—which were inscribed with the names of emergency organizations and countries that had taken casualties in the attacks—were also donated to the museum's collection. The museum is designed to evoke memories without additional distress, particularly to first responders and the victims’ families. The Huffington Post wrote that "walking through
3277-495: The United States Department of Defense , since June 2022. Bloomberg grew up in Medford, Massachusetts , and graduated from Johns Hopkins University and Harvard Business School . He began his career at the securities brokerage firm Salomon Brothers before forming his own company in 1981. That company, Bloomberg L.P. , is a financial information, software and media firm that is known for its Bloomberg Terminal . Bloomberg spent
3390-462: The blue jay costume for the university's mascot . He graduated in 1964 with a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering . In 1966, he graduated from Harvard Business School with a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree. Bloomberg is a member of Kappa Beta Phi and Tau Beta Pi . He wrote an autobiography, Bloomberg by Bloomberg , with help from Bloomberg News editor-in-chief Matthew Winkler . In 1966, Bloomberg
3503-614: The city's term limits law and run for a third mayoral term in 2009. Bloomberg said, "Handling this financial crisis while strengthening essential services ... is a challenge I want to take on," Bloomberg said at a news conference. "So should the City Council vote to amend term limits, I plan to ask New Yorkers to look at my record of independent leadership and then decide if I have earned another term." Ronald Lauder , who campaigned for New York City's term limits in 1993 and spent over 4 million dollars of his own money to limit
Memorial Plaza - Misplaced Pages Continue
3616-587: The mayor of New York City for three terms from 2002 to 2013 and was a candidate for the 2020 Democratic nomination for president of the United States . In 2024, Bloomberg received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Joe Biden . He has served as chair of the Defense Innovation Board , an independent advisory board that provides recommendations on artificial intelligence , software, data and digital modernization to
3729-779: The parapets surrounding the waterfalls in an arrangement of "meaningful adjacencies". On January 14, 2004, the final design for the World Trade Center site memorial was unveiled at a press conference in Federal Hall National Memorial . As mandated by the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC), the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation owns, operates and finances the Reflecting Absence Memorial and
3842-460: The 108th mayor of New York City on January 1, 2002. He won re-election in 2005 and again in 2009. As mayor, he initially struggled with approval ratings as low as 24 percent; however, he subsequently developed and maintained high approval ratings. Bloomberg joined Rudy Giuliani , John Lindsay , and Fiorello La Guardia as re-elected Republican mayors in the mostly Democratic city. Bloomberg stated that he wanted public education reform to be
3955-400: The 2007 national tour were steel beams, later used in the construction of the memorial, for visitors to sign. The National September 11 Memorial & Museum conducts a "cobblestone campaign", in which a contributor may sponsor a cobblestone that will line the Memorial plaza. Donors are recognized on the Memorial's website. Donors are able to locate their cobblestone by entering their name at
4068-914: The Democratic Party to "nominate a Democrat who will be in the strongest position to defeat Donald Trump ." However, due to his dissatisfaction with the Democratic field, Bloomberg reconsidered. He officially launched his campaign for the 2020 Democratic nomination on November 24, 2019. Bloomberg self-funded his campaign from his personal fortune and did not accept campaign contributions. Bloomberg's campaign suffered from his lackluster performance in two televised debates. When Bloomberg participated in his first presidential debate, Elizabeth Warren challenged him to release women from non-disclosure agreements relating to their allegations of sexual harassment at Bloomberg L.P. Two days later, Bloomberg announced that there were three women who had made complaints concerning him, and added that he would release any of
4181-432: The Democratic and Republican primaries, respectively. Quinn came in third in the Democratic primary and Lhota won the Republican primary. Bloomberg criticized Democratic mayoral candidate Bill de Blasio 's campaign methods, which he initially called "racist"; Bloomberg later downplayed and partially retracted those remarks. On January 1, 2014, de Blasio became New York City's new mayor, succeeding Bloomberg. Bloomberg
4294-663: The Democratic nomination to oppose Bloomberg in the general election. Thomas Ognibene sought to run against Bloomberg in the Republican Party's primary election. The Bloomberg campaign successfully challenged the signatures Ognibene submitted to the Board of Elections to prevent Ognibene from appearing on ballots for the Republican primary. Instead, Ognibene ran on only the Conservative Party ticket. Ognibene accused Bloomberg of betraying Republican Party ideals,
4407-536: The Independence Party on October 30 and November 2, 2009. The Independence Party then paid $ 750,000 of that money to Republican Party political operative John Haggerty Jr. This prompted an investigation beginning in February 2010 by the office of New York County District Attorney Cyrus Vance Jr. into possible improprieties. The Independence Party later questioned how Haggerty spent the money, which
4520-630: The Interior. On October 19, 2011, William D. Shaddox of the National Park Service voiced concerns to the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources about the agency's ability to provide the funds required by S.1537, testifying that NPS ownership of a property over which it would not have operational and administrative control (as stipulated by S.1537) was unprecedented. On March 13, 2006, construction workers arrived at
4633-537: The Market Master terminal, was released to market in December 1982. In 1986, IMS renamed itself Bloomberg L.P. Over the years, ancillary products including Bloomberg News , Bloomberg Radio , Bloomberg Message, and Bloomberg Tradebook were launched. Bloomberg, L.P. had revenues of approximately $ 10 billion in 2018. As of 2019, the company has more than 325,000 terminal subscribers worldwide and employs 20,000 people in dozens of locations. The culture of
Memorial Plaza - Misplaced Pages Continue
4746-654: The Memorial to acknowledge her son as a police cadet and first responder. Hamdani received a full police-department funeral after his body was found (months after the attacks), and 204th Street in Bayside, Queens , the street on which he lived was renamed in his honor. Although the memorial's brochures were initially translated into at least ten languages, these languages did not include Arabic . The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) questioned this decision in letters to memorial directors, and ADC director of communications and advocacy Raed Jarrar said: "Our fear
4859-426: The Memorial were reported to have risen to over $ 1 billion. In 2006, at the request of Bloomberg and Governor George Pataki , builder Frank Sciame performed a month-long analysis that included input from victims' families, the lower Manhattan business and residential communities, architects and members of the memorial-competition jury. The analysis recommended design changes that kept the memorial and museum within
4972-406: The Memorial's trees and pools, and that the ceremony was held early in the morning because of opposition to the decision. Michael Bloomberg [REDACTED] Michael Rubens Bloomberg (born February 14, 1942) is an American businessman and politician. He is the majority owner and co-founder of Bloomberg L.P. , and was its CEO from 1981 to 2001 and again from 2014 to 2023. He served as
5085-699: The Museum. John C. Whitehead , chair of the LMDC and the foundation, announced his resignation in May 2006 and was replaced at the LMDC by former president Kevin Rampe. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg replaced Whitehead as chair of the National September 11 Memorial & Museum. Foundation executive committee chair Thomas S. Johnson said on May 9, 2006: The decision was made to not actively pursue new fund-raising efforts until complete clarity can be achieved with respect to
5198-679: The NYC Young Men's Initiative, a $ 127 million initiative to support programs and policies designed to address disparities between young Black and Latino men and their peers, and personally donated $ 30 million to the project. In 2010, Bloomberg supported the then-controversial Islamic complex near Ground Zero . Under the Bloomberg Administration, the New York City Police Department greatly expanded its stop and frisk program, with
5311-571: The Pentagon), and the employees at the Pentagon are around the perimeter of the South Pool. Company names are not included, but company employees and visitors are listed together. Passengers on the four flights are listed under their flight numbers, and first responders with their units. The process for arranging the names was finalized in a 2006 agreement, replacing an earlier plan to arrange
5424-500: The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and the National September 11 Memorial and Museum Foundation over responsibility for infrastructure costs. On March 13, 2012, talks on the issue began, and construction resumed on September 10, 2012. After a number of false opening reports, it was announced that the museum would open to the public on May 21, 2014. The museum was dedicated on May 15, 2014. In attendance were
5537-453: The September 11 Memorial through block grants to the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation . The committee stated that the Memorial's decision to not publish Arabic-language brochures violated HUD's Limited English Proficiency rules for grantees. In December 2017, the ADC announced that the Memorial had signed a settlement agreement whereby its commemorative guide would be translated into Arabic and made available. The September 11 Museum
5650-528: The September 11 attacks. It is operated by a non-profit institution whose mission is to raise funds to program and operate the memorial and museum at the World Trade Center site. A memorial was planned in the immediate aftermath of the attacks and destruction of the World Trade Center for the victims and those involved in rescue and recovery operations. The winner of the World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition
5763-448: The Twin Towers. The World Trade Center Memorial Foundation was renamed the National September 11 Memorial & Museum in 2007. A dedication ceremony commemorating the tenth anniversary of the attacks was held at the memorial on September 11, 2011, and it opened to the public the following day. The museum was dedicated on May 15, 2014, with remarks from Mayor of New York City Michael Bloomberg and President Barack Obama . Six days later,
SECTION 50
#17327729323275876-456: The United States comprise the footprints of the Twin Towers, symbolizing the loss of life and the physical void left by the attacks. The waterfalls are intended to mute the sounds of the city, making the site a contemplative sanctuary. Landscape architect Peter Walker planted many parts of the memorial with white oaks. More than 400 swamp white oak trees fill the Memorial plaza, enhancing the site's reflective nature. Pedestrian simulations tested
5989-537: The WTC site to begin work on the Reflecting Absence design. Some relatives of the victims and other concerned citizens gathered to protest the new memorial that day, saying that it should be built above ground. The president of the memorial foundation said that family members were consulted and formed a consensus in favor of the design, and work would continue as planned. In May, estimated construction costs for
6102-441: The World Trade Center attack. During the five days between its dedication and the public opening, over 42,000 first responders and family members of 9/11 victims visited the museum. An opening ceremony for the museum was held on May 21, during which 24 police officers and firefighters unfurled the restored 30-foot (9.1 m) national 9/11 flag before it was brought into the museum for permanent display. The gates surrounding
6215-658: The World Trade Center site in a ceremony attended by Bloomberg, city officials (including Parks and Recreation Commissioner Adrian Benepe and Port Authority executive director Chris Ward), survivors and rescue and recovery workers. Although the tree is a prominent part of the memorial, six other "survivor trees" have been planted near New York City Hall and the Manhattan end of the Brooklyn Bridge . Of these survivor trees, three are callery pears and three are little-leaf lindens . In May 2018, plans were revealed for
6328-410: The World Trade Center site to commemorate the lives lost on 9/11. Individuals and teams from around the world submitted design proposals. On November 19, 2003, the thirteen-member jury selected eight finalists. Reflecting Absence , designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker , was chosen as the winning design on January 6, 2004. It consists of a field of trees interrupted by two large, recessed pools,
6441-573: The arrangement. All names are written in Optima typeface, using small capitals , for a "balanced appearance". The names of the employees and visitors in the North Tower (WTC 1), the passengers and crew of American Airlines Flight 11 (which struck the North Tower), and the employees and a visitor of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing are around the perimeter of the North Pool. The names of
6554-490: The bill into law on November 3. Bloomberg's bid for a third term generated some controversy. Civil libertarians such as former New York Civil Liberties Union Director Norman Siegel and New York Civil Rights Coalition Executive Director Michael Meyers joined with local politicians to protest the process as undermining the democratic process. Bloomberg's opponent was Democratic and Working Families Party nominee Bill Thompson , who had been New York City Comptroller for
6667-471: The candidates to succeed him. On his radio show, he stated, "I don't want to do anything that complicates it for the next mayor. And that's one of the reasons I've decided I'm just not going to make an endorsement in the race." He added, "I want to make sure that person is ready to succeed, to take what we've done and build on that." Bloomberg praised The New York Times for its endorsement of Christine Quinn and Joe Lhota as their favorite candidates in
6780-582: The company in the 1980s and 1990s has been compared to a fraternity, with employees bragging in the company's office about their sexual exploits. The company was sued four times by female employees for sexual harassment , including one incident in which a victim claimed to have been raped. To celebrate Bloomberg's 48th birthday, colleagues published a pamphlet entitled Portable Bloomberg: The Wit and Wisdom of Michael Bloomberg . Among various sayings that were attributed to him, several have subsequently been criticized as sexist or misogynistic. When he left
6893-545: The cost of the memorial and memorial museum at $ 494 million. On May 26, 2006, Gretchen Dykstra resigned as president and chief executive officer of the World Trade Center Foundation. Joseph C. Daniels was appointed as president and CEO in October 2006. The memorial projects were toned down, and the budget was cut to $ 530 million. Despite delays, the National September 11 Memorial & Museum
SECTION 60
#17327729323277006-503: The country's history," arguing that it was important to memorialize the multiethnic character of "Little Syria." The old Christian Syrian neighborhood was demolished in the 1940s due to the construction of the Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel . General admission tickets to the museum are $ 33, a price that has raised concerns. Michael Bloomberg agreed, encouraging people to "write your congressman" for more federal funding. When
7119-425: The decision and others calling the location inappropriate. Among the latter was FDNY Lt. James McCaffrey, the brother-in-law of 9/11 victim and firefighter Orio Palmer , who called a ground-level tomb a more dignified location: "The decision to put the human remains of the 9/11 dead in this basement is inherently disrespectful and totally offensive." McCaffrey said that the remains deserved a prominence equal to that of
7232-421: The design and costs of the project. Cost concerns emerged publicly last week with the disclosure of an estimate by the construction manager, Lendlease , that the memorial and museum would cost $ 672 million and that it would take a total of at least $ 973 million to fully develop the memorial setting with a cooling plant, roadways, sidewalks, utilities and stabilized foundation walls. An estimate earlier this year put
7345-619: The employees and visitors in the South Tower (WTC 2), the passengers and crew of United Airlines Flight 175 (which struck the South Tower), the employees, visitors, and bystanders in the immediate vicinity of the North and South Towers, the first responders who died during rescue operations, the passengers and crew of United Airlines Flight 93 (which crashed near Shanksville, Pennsylvania) and American Airlines Flight 77 (which struck
7458-604: The end of 2014, succeeding Doctoroff, who had led the company since February 2008. Bloomberg resigned as CEO of Bloomberg L.P. to run for president in 2019. In January 2024, John P. Angelos reached a $ 1.725 billion deal to sell the Baltimore Orioles to a group led by David Rubenstein . The group included Bloomberg, former Baltimore Mayor Kurt Schmoke , Cal Ripken , New York investment manager Michael Arougheti and NBA legend Grant Hill . In March 2009, Forbes reported Bloomberg's wealth at $ 16 billion,
7571-474: The end of 2014. In November 2019, four months before Super Tuesday, Bloomberg officially launched his campaign for the Democratic nomination for president of the United States in the 2020 election . He ended his campaign in March 2020, after having won only 61 delegates. Bloomberg self-funded $ 935 million for his candidacy, which set the record for the most expensive U.S. presidential primary campaign. Bloomberg
7684-432: The fence was taken down on May 25, 2014. Three months after its opening, the memorial had been visited by over a million people. In January 2004, Reflecting Absence , by architect Michael Arad of Handel Architects and landscape architect Peter Walker, was selected from 5,201 entries from 63 countries as the winner of the LMDC's design competition. Two 1-acre (4,000 m ) pools with the largest man-made waterfalls in
7797-559: The firm. Using the money he received from Phibro, Bloomberg—having designed in-house computerized financial systems for Salomon—set up a data services company named Innovative Market Systems (IMS) based on his belief that Wall Street would pay a premium for high-quality business information, delivered instantaneously on computer terminals in a variety of usable formats. The company sold customized computer terminals that delivered real-time market data, financial calculations and other analytics to Wall Street firms. The terminal, first called
7910-457: The first time on January 4, 2005, and it reached its first-phase capital-fundraising goal ($ 350 million) in April 2008. This money and additional funds raised will be used to build the memorial and museum and endow the museum. In 2003, the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation launched the World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition , an international competition to design a memorial at
8023-525: The following spring. Although the memorial planning team intended to include the Survivor Tree, its permanent location was unknown at the time. Still under the care of the Bronx nursery, the tree was replanted without significant damage in March 2010 after it was uprooted by a storm. After the replanting, Mayor Michael Bloomberg said: "Again, we and the tree refused to throw in the towel. We replanted
8136-469: The footprints of the Twin Towers. The deciduous trees ( swamp white oaks ) are arranged in rows and form informal clusters, clearings and groves. The park is at street level, above the Memorial Museum. The names of the victims of the attacks (including those from the Pentagon , American Airlines Flight 77 , United Airlines Flight 93 , and the 1993 World Trade Center bombing ) are inscribed on
8249-422: The legacy of his first term and addressing poverty to be the legacy of his second. Bloomberg chose to apply a statistical, metrics-based management approach to city government, and granted departmental commissioners' broad autonomy in their decision-making. Breaking with 190 years of tradition, he implemented what New York Times political reporter Adam Nagourney called a "bullpen" open office plan, similar to
8362-461: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Memorial_Plaza&oldid=932990494 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages National September 11 Memorial %26 Museum The National September 11 Memorial & Museum (also known as
8475-562: The maximum years a mayor could serve to eight years, sided with Bloomberg and agreed to stay out of future legality issues. In exchange, he was promised a seat on an influential city board by Bloomberg. Some people and organizations objected and NYPIRG filed a complaint with the City Conflict of Interest Board. On October 23, 2008, the city council voted 29–22 in favor of extending the term limit to three consecutive four-year terms. After two days of public hearings, Bloomberg signed
8588-494: The memorial plaza. The swamp white oaks can reach 60 to 80 feet (18 to 24 m) at maturity, live from 300 to 350 years, and their autumn leaves are gold-colored. The "Survivor Tree" is a callery pear that survived the devastation and was kept for replanting. In September, workers reinstalled two " tridents " salvaged from the Twin Towers. In November 2010, workers began testing the North Pool waterfall. Construction progressed through early 2011: installation of glass panels on
8701-469: The memorial pools: 2,977 killed in the September 11 attacks and six killed in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The names are arranged according to an algorithm, creating "meaningful adjacencies" based on relationships—proximity at the time of the attacks, company or organization affiliations (for those working at the World Trade Center or the Pentagon) and in response to about 1,200 requests from family members. Software made by Local Projects implemented
8814-496: The memorial site. By April 2010, the reflecting pools were fully framed in steel, and 85 percent of the concrete had been poured. By April 22, workers had begun installation of the granite coating for the reflecting pools. By June the North Pool's granite coating was completed, and workers had begun granite installation in the South Pool. In July, the first soil shipments arrived at the site, and in August workers began planting trees on
8927-444: The memorial's design. The pedestrian-modeling program Legion was used to simulate visitor utilization of the space, and its design was tweaked to prevent bottlenecks. The fountain was engineered by Delta Fountains. WSP Cantor Seinuk was the structural engineer, Jaros, Baum & Bolles provided MEP engineering, and Lend Lease served as construction manager. The names of 2,983 victims are inscribed on 152 bronze parapets on
9040-429: The museum is like being transported back to the turmoil, destruction and anguish of 9/11. Exhibits express the disbelief and heartache of New York and the nation." A neighborhood that was once called Little Syria , a center of Christian Arab immigrant life in the United States beginning in the 1880s, once existed just south of the site of the World Trade Center. The cornerstone of St. Joseph's Lebanese Maronite Church
9153-502: The museum opened to the public. The Memorial Mission: National September 11 Memorial & Museum at the World Trade Center: About Us, Mission Statements Formerly the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation, the National September 11 Memorial & Museum was formed as a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation to raise funds and manage the memorial's planning and construction. Its board of directors met for
9266-444: The museum opened to victim families and first responders on May 15, 2014, anger by some that it was profiting from souvenirs considered in poor taste was widely covered. Souvenir proceeds would fund the museum and memorial. On May 29, 2014, a U.S.-shaped cheese platter was among items removed for sale, and it was announced that all items sold would be reviewed by victim families for suitability. Families were further angered after
9379-423: The museum pavilion's facade began in March, and workers began testing the South Pool waterfall two months later. Most of the memorial was finished in time for the 10th anniversary of the terrorist attacks, with the museum planned for completion the following year. By September 2, 243 trees were planted at the site and eight more were planted in the days before the memorial opened. By then, both pools were completed and
9492-429: The museum the previous day while staff prepared for the party. She said, "I am outraged that I can't visit my brother's final resting place without an appointment but people like Mike Bloomberg can wine and dine there whenever they want. This memorial and museum is sacred ground and last night it was desecrated." A retired FDNY fire marshal said, "You don't have cocktail parties at a cemetery." A mid-2014 proposal to open
9605-560: The museum were then taken down, marking their first removal since the attacks. Opening day tickets quickly sold out. Despite the museum's design to evoke memories without additional distress, counselors were available during its opening due to the large number of visitors. Designed by Davis Brody Bond , the museum is about 70 feet (21 m) below ground and accessible through a pavilion designed by Snøhetta . The National September 11 Memorial Museum encloses 110,000 square feet (10,000 m ) of publicly accessible space. The pavilion has
9718-404: The names of ten pregnant women who died on 9/11 and one who died in the 1993 attack. A callery pear tree recovered from the rubble at the World Trade Center site in October 2001 was later called the "Survivor Tree". When the 8-foot (2.4 m)-tall tree was recovered, it was badly burned and had one living branch. The tree had been planted during the 1970s near buildings four and five , in
9831-492: The names randomly. According to Edith Lutnick (executive director of the Cantor Fitzgerald Relief Fund), "Your loved ones' names are surrounded by the names of those they sat with, those they worked with, those they lived with and, very possibly, those they died with." The six adult victims of the 1993 bombing are memorialized on Panel N-73 at the North Pool. The phrase "and her unborn child" follows
9944-724: The new development of affordable housing through a plan that created and preserved an estimated 160,000 affordable homes in the city. In 2003, he implemented a successful smoking ban in all indoor workplaces, including bars and restaurants, and many other cities and states followed suit. On December 5, 2006, New York City became the first city in the United States to ban trans-fat from all restaurants. This went into effect in July 2008 and has since been adopted in many other cities and countries. Bloomberg created bicycle lanes , required chain restaurants to post calorie counts , and pedestrianized much of Times Square . In 2011, Bloomberg launched
10057-550: The next twenty years as its chairman and CEO. As of April 2024, Forbes ranked him as the thirteenth-richest person in the world , with an estimated net worth of US$ 106.2 billion. Bloomberg, who has signed The Giving Pledge , has given away $ 17.4 billion to philanthropic causes in his lifetime. Bloomberg was elected the 108th mayor of New York City in 2001 . He held office for three consecutive terms, winning re-election in 2005 and 2009 . Pursuing socially liberal and fiscally moderate policies , Bloomberg developed
10170-572: The past eight years and before that, president of the New York City Board of Education . Bloomberg defeated Thompson by a vote of 51 percent to 46 percent. Bloomberg spent $ 109.2 million on his 2009 campaign, outspending Thompson by a margin of more than 11 to one. After the release of Independence Party campaign filings in January 2010, it was reported that Bloomberg had made two $ 600,000 contributions from his personal account to
10283-438: The position of CEO to pursue a political career as the mayor of New York City, Bloomberg was replaced by Lex Fenwick and later by Daniel L. Doctoroff , after his initial service as deputy mayor under Bloomberg. After completing his final term as the mayor of New York City, Bloomberg spent his first eight months out of office as a full-time philanthropist. In fall 2014, he announced that he would return to Bloomberg L.P. as CEO at
10396-593: The site, and a film with firsthand accounts from individuals who had directly experienced the attacks. At the opening ceremony in South Carolina, the students of White Knoll Middle School (who raised over $ 500,000 in 2001 for a new truck for the New York City Fire Department) were honored, and retired New York City police officer Marcelo Pevida presented the city with an American flag that had flown over Ground Zero. The main attractions of
10509-417: The three if they request him to do so. Warren continued her attack in the second debate the next week. Others criticized Bloomberg for his wealth and campaign spending, as well as his former affiliation with the Republican Party. As a late entrant to the race, Bloomberg skipped the first four state primaries and caucuses. He spent $ 676 million of his personal fortune on the primary campaign, breaking
10622-414: The tree, and it bounced back immediately." Also a few cuttings were taken from the original tree, which have become new trees themselves. The Survivor Tree has become a symbol of hope and rebirth; according to Arthur Ross Nursery manager Richie Cabo, "It represents all of us." In an August 29, 2011 Port Authority press release (after Hurricane Irene ), Daniels said: "True to its name, the Survivor Tree
10735-654: The vicinity of Church Street . Then-Memorial president Joe Daniels described it as "a key element of the memorial plaza's landscape". In November 2001, the tree was moved by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation to the Arthur Ross Nursery in Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx for care. It was then replanted in the Bronx on November 11, 2001. The tree was not expected to survive, but it showed signs of new growth
10848-450: The waterfalls were tested daily. On September 12, 2011, one day after the 10th anniversary of the September 11 terrorist attacks, the memorial opened to the public with a lengthy set of rules and regulations approved by the foundation's board of directors. The period from September 11, 2011, to May 25, 2014, was known as the "interim operating period", when the memorial was surrounded by construction of neighboring World Trade Center projects;
10961-539: The world". Trump responded to the speech by condemning Bloomberg in a series of tweets. In June 2018, Bloomberg pledged $ 80 million to support Democratic congressional candidates in the 2018 election , with the goal of flipping control of the Republican-controlled House to Democrats. In a statement, Bloomberg said that Republican House leadership were "absolutely feckless" and had failed to govern responsibly. Bloomberg advisor Howard Wolfson
11074-402: Was Israeli-American architect Michael Arad of Handel Architects , a New York City and San Francisco -based firm. Arad worked with landscape-architecture firm Peter Walker and Partners on the design, creating a forest of swamp white oak trees with two square reflecting pools in the center marking where the Twin Towers stood. In August 2006, the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation and
11187-536: Was born on February 14, 1942, at St. Elizabeth's Hospital , in the Brighton neighborhood of Boston , to William Henry Bloomberg (1906–1963), a bookkeeper for a dairy company, and Charlotte (née Rubens) Bloomberg (1909–2011). His father never earned more than $ 6,000 a year. William Henry Bloomberg died suddenly when his son was in college. The Bloomberg Center at the Harvard Business School
11300-512: Was chosen to lead the effort, which was to target mainly suburban districts. By early October, Bloomberg had committed more than $ 100 million to returning the House and Senate to Democratic power, fueling speculation about a presidential run in 2020 . On October 10, 2018, Bloomberg announced that he had returned to the Democratic party. On March 5, 2019, Bloomberg had announced that he would not run for president in 2020. Instead, he encouraged
11413-511: Was confident that it would be completed by September 11, 2011. In September 2007, the Memorial & Museum began a four-month national awareness tour of 25 cities in 25 states, and thousands participated in tour activities. The tour began at Finlay Park in Columbia, South Carolina , ending at Steinbrenner Field in Tampa, Florida . Highlights included an exhibition of photographs, artifacts from
11526-528: Was dedicated on May 15, 2014, and opened to the public on May 21. Its collection includes more than 40,000 images, 14,000 artifacts, more than 3,500 oral recordings, and over 500 hours of video. The underground museum has artifacts from September 11, 2001, including steel from the Twin Towers (such as the Last Column, the last piece of steel to leave Ground Zero in May 2002). In December 2011, museum construction halted temporarily due to disputes between
11639-474: Was found under the rubble, next to St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church at 157 Cedar Street. Both congregations were founded by Christians who had fled Ottoman oppression in the Middle East. Activists lobbied for the Museum to include a permanent exhibit about the neighborhood to "help the thousands of tourists who visit the site to understand that immigrants from Ottoman lands have played a patriotic role in
11752-458: Was frequently mentioned as a possible centrist candidate for the presidential elections in 2008 and 2012 , as well as for governor of New York in 2010 or vice-president in 2008. He eventually declined to seek all of these offices. In the immediate aftermath of Hurricane Sandy in November 2012, Bloomberg penned an op-ed officially endorsing Barack Obama for president, citing Obama's policies on climate change. On January 23, 2016, it
11865-437: Was hired for a job earning $ 9,000 per year at Salomon Brothers , a large Wall Street investment bank . Salomon Brothers later promoted him to the equities desk. Bloomberg became a general partner at Salomon Brothers in 1972; he headed equity trading and, later, systems development . Phibro Corporation bought Salomon Brothers in 1981, and the new management fired Bloomberg, paying him $ 10 million for his equity in
11978-535: Was ineligible for re-election due to the city's limit of two consecutive terms. Bloomberg, who had been a lifelong member of the Democratic Party , decided to run for mayor on the Republican ticket. Voting in the primary began on the morning of September 11, 2001. The primary was postponed later that day, due to the September 11 attacks . In the rescheduled primary, Bloomberg defeated Herman Badillo ,
12091-755: Was named in William Henry's honor. Bloomberg's family is Jewish , and he is a member of the Temple Emanu-El in Manhattan. Bloomberg's paternal grandfather, Rabbi Alexander "Elick" Bloomberg, was a Polish Jew . Bloomberg's maternal grandfather, Max Rubens, was a Lithuanian Jewish immigrant from present-day Belarus , and his maternal grandmother was born in New York to Lithuanian Jewish parents. The family lived in Allston until Bloomberg
12204-442: Was not included with the other first responders or the other victims whose remains were found in the wreckage of the North Tower. His name appears on the memorial's panel S-66 for World Trade Center victims (next to a blank space along the South Tower perimeter), with those who did not fit into the groups created by the memorial committee or who had a loose connection to the World Trade Center. Hamdani's mother, Talat, has campaigned for
12317-474: Was not subject to these restrictions. He spent $ 73 million of his own money on his campaign, outspending Green by a ratio of five to one. In the wake of the September 11 attacks, Bloomberg's administration made a successful bid to host the 2004 Republican National Convention . The convention drew thousands of protesters , among them New Yorkers against George W. Bush and the Bush administration's pursuit of
12430-523: Was presented to the U.S. Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources on October 19, 2011. In return for federal funding S.1537 would authorize the Secretary of the Interior to accept the donation by the memorial's board of directors of title to the National September 11 Memorial, contingent on agreement by the board, the governors of New York and New Jersey, the Mayor of New York and the Secretary of
12543-546: Was reported that Bloomberg was again considering a presidential run, as an independent candidate in the 2016 election , if Bernie Sanders got the Democratic party nomination. This was the first time he had officially confirmed he was considering a run. Bloomberg supporters believed that Bloomberg could run as a centrist and capture many voters who were dissatisfied with the likely Democratic and Republican nominees. However, on March 7, Bloomberg announced he would not be running for president. In July 2016, Bloomberg delivered
12656-561: Was to go to poll-watchers. Former New York State Senator Martin Connor contended that because the Bloomberg donations were made to an Independence Party housekeeping account rather than to an account meant for current campaigns, this was a violation of campaign finance laws. Haggerty also spent money from a separate $ 200,000 donation from Bloomberg on office space. On September 13, 2013, Bloomberg announced that he would not endorse any of
12769-492: Was two years old, followed by Brookline, Massachusetts , for two years, finally settling in the Boston suburb of Medford, Massachusetts , where he lived until after he graduated from college. Bloomberg became an Eagle Scout when he was twelve years old. He graduated from Medford High School in 1960. He went on to attend Johns Hopkins University , where he joined the fraternity Phi Kappa Psi . While there, he constructed
#326673