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77-669: Mission Viejo ( / v i ˈ eɪ h oʊ / vee- AY -hoh ; corruption of Misión Vieja [miˈsjon ˈbjexa] ; Spanish for 'Old Mission') is a commuter city in the Saddleback Valley in Orange County, California , United States. Mission Viejo is considered one of the largest master-planned communities ever built under a single project in the United States and is rivaled only by Highlands Ranch, Colorado in size. Its population as of 2020

154-1035: A Big Heart". Students there are reassigned to Del Cerro Elementary. O'Neill Elementary, the city's first elementary school, closed in June 2009 also due to budget cuts in SVUSD. Students in the Deane Home community surrounding the school will be moved to nearby De Portola Elementary. Students living in the homes north of the lake will be moved to Melinda Heights Elementary in Rancho Santa Margarita. Elementary Capistrano Unified Language change Language change usually does not occur suddenly, but rather takes place via an extended period of variation , during which new and old linguistic features coexist. All living languages are continually undergoing change. Some commentators use derogatory labels such as "corruption" to suggest that language change constitutes

231-565: A Spanish mission style, with "adobe"-like stucco walls and barrel-tile roofs. Many point to Mission Viejo as the first and largest manifestation of Bren's obsession with Spanish architecture . Bren's company was also the creator of the developments in Irvine and Newport Beach . The company expanded its operations and went on to build the Lakes project in Tempe, Arizona and Mission Viejo Aurora , and

308-400: A degradation in the quality of a language, especially when the change originates from human error or is a prescriptively discouraged usage. Modern linguistics rejects this concept, since from a scientific point of view such innovations cannot be judged in terms of good or bad. John Lyons notes that "any standard of evaluation applied to language-change must be based upon a recognition of

385-411: A hundred years' time, when the original meaning of 'wicked' has all but been forgotten, people may wonder how it was ever possible for a word meaning 'evil' to change its sense to 'wonderful' so quickly." Sound change —i.e., change in the pronunciation of phonemes —can lead to phonological change (i.e., change in the relationships between phonemes within the structure of a language). For instance, if

462-495: A master plan which placed roads in the valleys and houses on the hills, and contoured to the geography of the area. The plan worked, and by 1980 much of the city of Mission Viejo was completed. During the late 1970s and the 1980s, houses in Mission Viejo were in such high demand that housing tracts often sold out before construction even began on them. The houses and shopping centers in the city are almost uniformly designed in

539-587: A particular type of dog. On the other hand, the word "dog" itself has been broadened from its Old English root 'dogge', the name of a particular breed, to become the general term for all domestic canines. Syntactic change is the evolution of the syntactic structure of a natural language . Over time, syntactic change is the greatest modifier of a particular language. Massive changes – attributable either to creolization or to relexification – may occur both in syntax and in vocabulary. Syntactic change can also be purely language-internal, whether independent within

616-464: A population of 47,853. The population density was 3,683.1 inhabitants per square mile (1,422.1/km ). The racial makeup of Rancho Santa Margarita was 37,421 (78.2%) White (67.0% Non-Hispanic White), 887 (1.9%) African American , 182 (0.4%) Native American , 4,350 (9.1%) Asian , 102 (0.2%) Pacific Islander , 2,674 (5.6%) from other races , and 2,237 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8,902 persons (18.6%). 31.8% of

693-567: A population of 583,681 at the 2010 Census. At the 2000 census , there were 93,102 people, 32,449 households and 25,212 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,990.1 inhabitants per square mile (1,926.7/km). There were 32,986 housing units at an average density of 1,767.9 per square mile (682.6/km). The racial makeup of the city was 79.7% white , 1.6% African American , 0.4% Native American , 8.3% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 6.2% from other races , and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.9% of

770-561: A practical tool in all sorts of legal, judicial, administrative and economic affairs throughout the country. Altintas, Can, and Patton (2007) introduce a systematic approach to language change quantification by studying unconsciously used language features in time-separated parallel translations. For this purpose, they use objective style markers such as vocabulary richness and lengths of words, word stems and suffixes, and employ statistical methods to measure their changes over time. Languages perceived to be "higher status" stabilise or spread at

847-518: A semi-pro collegiate team, the Orange County Fire. Mission Viejo is also the hometown of NFL quarterback Mark Sanchez , Minnesota Twins pitcher Phil Hughes , and Chicago White Sox first baseman Adam LaRoche , former Milwaukee Brewers pitcher Don August , Boston Red Sox outfielder Allen Craig , Top Shot Season 4 Champion Chris Cheng , and PBA Tour Champion Scott Norton. Mission Viejo has numerous recreational areas, such as

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924-483: A sliding window approach, they show that, as time passes, words, in terms of both tokens (in text) and types (in vocabulary), have become longer. They indicate that the increase in word lengths with time can be attributed to the government-initiated language "reform" of the 20th century. This reform aimed at replacing foreign words used in Turkish, especially Arabic- and Persian-based words (since they were in majority when

1001-481: A total area of 13.0 square miles (34 km ). 13.0 square miles (34 km ) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km ) of it (0.27%) is water. Rancho Santa Margarita is bordered by the city of Mission Viejo on the west, the census-designated places Coto de Caza and Las Flores on the south, the unincorporated Trabuco Canyon on the north, and the Cleveland National Forest on

1078-590: A tourism draw, with the geotour being SoCal's first, and a potential economic boost for the city. Using a "passport", seekers can visit and find the GeoTour geocaches. A complementary trackable geocoin is issued to those who find at least 24 out of the 27 geocaches, which can be picked up at the Norman P. Murray Center. Of the 58,677 registered voters in the city, 24,639 (42.0%) are Republicans , 16,477 (28.1%) are Democrats , 15,002 (25.6%) have no party preference, and

1155-462: Is a "descendant" of its "ancestor" Old English. When multiple languages are all descended from the same ancestor language, as the Romance languages are from Vulgar Latin , they are said to form a language family and be " genetically " related. According to Guy Deutscher , the tricky question is "Why are changes not brought up short and stopped in their tracks? At first sight, there seem to be all

1232-511: Is a city in Orange County, California , United States. One of Orange County's youngest cities, Rancho Santa Margarita is a master-planned community . The population was 47,853 at the 2010 census, up from 47,214 at the 2000 census. Although it is named for Rancho Santa Margarita y Las Flores , which was in San Diego County , the city limits fall within the borders of Rancho Mission Viejo . At 20 characters long (22 including spaces), it

1309-570: Is a large community college in the southern half of the city. In addition, the University of California, Irvine , Chapman University , Soka University of America , and California State University, Fullerton ( Irvine Campus ), are nearby in adjacent cities. La Tierra Elementary shut down in June 2009 due to budget cuts. It was chosen due to its small size and minimal student body. The school will remain closed until further notice. Mission Viejo residents refer to La Tierra as "The Little School with

1386-550: Is also a soccer facility, now used by the town's youth soccer program, that was used as a training field by the United States men's national soccer team before and during the 1994 FIFA World Cup , hosted by the United States. The Saddleback College ballpark hosted the Mission Viejo Vigilantes minor league baseball team of the Western Baseball League from 1996 to 2001. Now the ballpark has

1463-598: Is host to Little League District 68 , AYSO Region 84 , and four competitive soccer clubs: Pateadores Soccer Club, Mission Viejo Soccer Club, West Coast Futbol Club, and Saddleback United Soccer Club. The Mission Viejo Nadadores Swimming and Mission Viejo Nadadores Diving Team won a string of national championships and produced a number of Olympians and world record holders in the 1970s and 1980s. Olympians included Shirley Babashoff , Brian Goodell , Larson Jenson, Maryanne Graham, Nicole Kramer, Casy Converse, Marcia Morey, Dara Torres , and Greg Louganis . Mission Viejo hosted

1540-769: Is served by two school districts, the Capistrano Unified School District and Saddleback Valley Unified School District . Capistrano Unified serves the eastern, northeastern, and southern portions of the city with eight schools. Students from western Mission Viejo (north of Oso Parkway and west of Marguerite until Alicia Parkway) attend Saddleback Valley's Mission Viejo High School . Far northern Mission Viejo attends Saddleback Valley's Trabuco Hills High School , though most of that school has students from Rancho Santa Margarita and Lake Forest. A few residents attend Tesoro High School in Las Flores or

1617-601: Is the longest city name in California. The area is the ancestral lands of the Acjachemen people. The village of Alume was located in Rancho Santa Margarita, between Trabuco Creek and Tijeras Creek . In 1810, the Trabuco Adobe was constructed near the village as an outpost of Mission San Juan Capistrano . The city seal has the brands of Rancho Mission Viejo and Rancho Santa Margarita and Las Flores on

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1694-473: Is water. A significant portion of the surface water is held in Lake Mission Viejo , an artificial lake stretching approximately one mile from Olympiad Road to Alicia Parkway along Marguerite Parkway. Mission Viejo is located 49 mi (79 km) southeast of Los Angeles , and 73 mi (117 km) northwest of San Diego . It is bordered by Lake Forest on the northwest, Trabuco Canyon on

1771-828: The 71st Assembly District , represented by Republican Kate Sanchez . In the United States House of Representatives , Rancho Santa Margarita is in California's 40th congressional district , represented by Republican Young Kim . According to the California Secretary of State , as of February 10, 2019, Rancho Santa Margarita has 28,462 registered voters. Of those, 11,877 (41.73%) are registered Republicans, 7,511 (26.39%) are registered Democrats, and 7,819 (27.47%) have no political party preference/are independents. Rancho Santa Margarita has voted Republican in every presidential election since

1848-482: The California State Legislature , Mission Viejo is in the 38th Senate District , represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear and in the 71st Assembly District , represented by Republican Kate Sanchez . Federally, Mission Viejo is located in California's 40th congressional district , which has a Cook PVI of R+2 and is represented by Republican Young Kim . Mission Viejo

1925-657: The Road Cycling Events during the 1984 Summer Olympics held in Los Angeles. The old O'Neill Road was renamed Olympiad Rd. in honor of the Olympic events in 1984. In 2004, in honor of the 20th anniversary of the 1984 Olympics Cycling Road Race, the City of Mission Viejo dedicated a permanent start/finish line and historic markers which are installed on Olympiad Road near the entrance to Lake Mission Viejo. There

2002-407: The 1950s and the pronunciation of today. The greater acceptance and fashionability of regional accents in media may also reflect a more democratic, less formal society — compare the widespread adoption of language policies . Can and Patton (2010) provide a quantitative analysis of twentieth-century Turkish literature using forty novels of forty authors. Using weighted least squares regression and

2079-471: The City Council, serves as the ceremonial leader of the city and as the presiding officer of the bi-weekly City Council meetings. The current members of the city council are Mayor Patricia "Trish" Kelley, Mayor Pro Tem Bob Ruesch, Brian Goodell , Wendy Bucknum, and Cynthia Vasquez. In county government, Mission Viejo is located in the 3rd District, currently represented by Donald P. Wagner . In

2156-539: The Marie Callender's Corporate Support Center in Mission Viejo. The Shops at Mission Viejo and the Kaleidoscope Center serve as the city's two main shopping, dining and entertainment centers. Both cater to an upper middle class customer demographic and feature family-oriented facilities and services. Mission Viejo also hosts a number of athletic events such as 5K runs and triathlons throughout

2233-491: The Norman P. Murray Community and Senior Center. The city has about two parks per square mile, and three golf courses. At the center of the city is a man-made lake, Lake Mission Viejo , accessible to a private association of Mission Viejo residents, with custom waterfront homes, condominiums, boat and paddle board rentals, fishing, and swim beaches. Lake Mission Viejo also holds events such as music concerts and movie screenings, usually complimentary for members and typically during

2310-647: The Orange County Sheriff. Fire Protection services are provided through the Orange County Fire Authority. Rancho Santa Margarita is located at 33°38′29″N 117°35′40″W  /  33.64139°N 117.59444°W  / 33.64139; -117.59444 (33.641518, -117.594524). It occupies much of a high plateau known as Plano Trabuco. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has

2387-422: The abduction of British women by Vikings to Iceland ) causes immigration of at least some males, and perceived status change. Then, in mixed-language marriages with these males, prehistoric women would often have chosen to transmit the "higher-status" spouse's language to their children, yielding the language/Y-chromosome correlation seen today. Rancho Santa Margarita, California Rancho Santa Margarita

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2464-411: The aerospace industry. Rolling Hills Estates had the longest city name in California with 19 letters until January 1, 2000, when the title was ceded to Rancho Santa Margarita (20 letters) upon the latter's incorporation. The City is a general law city and operates under the council-manager form of government. Rancho Santa Margarita is a contract city. Police services are provided through contract with

2541-436: The age of 18 living in them, 10,144 (60.9%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,703 (10.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 700 (4.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 747 (4.5%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 103 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 3,199 households (19.2%) were made up of individuals, and 761 (4.6%) had someone living alone who

2618-418: The age of 18, and 19,948 (21.3%) persons over the age of 65. In the census, 47,295 (50.5%) of people were female while 46,358 (49.5%) were male. The Mission Viejo–Lake Forest–Laguna Niguel, CA urban area had a population of 646,843 as of 2020, making it the 65th most populous in the United States . The 2010 United States Census reported that Mission Viejo had a population of 93,305. The population density

2695-543: The area falls within the City of Rancho Santa Margarita boundary. Rancho Santa Margarita, like most of southern California, generally has a Mediterranean climate . According to the City's 2020 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top 10 employers in the city are: The 2020 United States Census reported a population of 48,119. The racial makeup was 75.5% White , 2.2% African American , 10.9% Asian , and 21.7% Hispanic or Latino of any race. The 2010 United States Census reported that Rancho Santa Margarita had

2772-406: The average family size was 3.22. Age distribution was 27.1% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.7 males. According to a 2008 estimate, the median household income was $ 93,330, and

2849-592: The border, with artwork containing Santiago Peak in the background. The tower in the foreground symbolizes the Rancho Santa Margarita Lake Tower. Hughes Aircraft Company's Microelectronic Systems Division moved to Rancho Santa Margarita in May 1988 from Irvine. In August 1992, the Hughes plant closed its facilities and moved the division to Carlsbad, California due to budget constraints in

2926-514: The city's incorporation. The city is served by Saddleback Valley Unified School District and the Capistrano Unified School District . The television series The Real Housewives of Orange County , although based in Coto De Caza , is mainly filmed in Rancho Santa Margarita where many of the housewives do business, shopping, commuting, dentistry, and dining. The Dove Canyon, Rancho Cielo, and Robinson Ranch neighborhoods, while all part of

3003-423: The east. Vehicular access is provided by California State Route 241 (a toll road), in addition to several surface streets. Santa Margarita Parkway and Antonio Parkway are the city's major thoroughfares, with Avenida De Las Banderas, Avenida Empresa, Avenida De Las Flores, and Alma Aldea being minor thoroughfares. In addition, Alicia Parkway terminates in the city providing access to Mission Viejo. The majority of

3080-606: The expense of other languages perceived by their own speakers to be "lower-status". Historical examples are the early Welsh and Lutheran Bible translations, leading to the liturgical languages Welsh and High German thriving today, unlike other Celtic or German variants. For prehistory, Forster and Renfrew (2011) argue that in some cases there is a correlation of language change with intrusive male Y chromosomes but not with female mtDNA. They then speculate that technological innovation (transition from hunting-gathering to agriculture, or from stone to metal tools) or military prowess (as in

3157-509: The main (indirect) evidence of how language sounds have changed over the centuries. Poetic devices such as rhyme and rhythm can also provide clues to earlier phonetic and phonological patterns. A principal axiom of historical linguistics, established by the linguists of the Neogrammarian school of thought in the 19th century, is that sound change is said to be "regular"—i.e., a given sound change simultaneously affects all words in which

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3234-418: The meanings of existing words. Basic types of semantic change include: After a word enters a language, its meaning can change as through a shift in the valence of its connotations. As an example, when "villain" entered English it meant 'peasant' or 'farmhand', but acquired the connotation 'low-born' or 'scoundrel', and today only the negative use survives. Thus 'villain' has undergone pejoration . Conversely,

3311-459: The median family income was $ 113,439. Males had a median income of $ 74,703 versus $ 53,196 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 41,459. 1.9% of families and 4.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 5.1% of those under age 18 and 6% of those age 65 or over. According to the city's 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city were: Marie Callender's has its corporate headquarters in

3388-547: The months from November to March. Summer is very dry and virtually rainless. Due to the city's proximity to the ocean, nighttime and morning clouds are fairly common, especially in May and June, a weather phenomenon commonly known as June Gloom or May Gray. Like most of Southern California, the city is prone to dry Santa Ana winds , bringing hot air from inland and punctuating the normally mild temperatures with noticeable jumps. For example, temperatures have reached highs of 90 °F (32 °C) and above throughout many months of

3465-427: The neighborhoods in Rancho Santa Margarita are maintained by larger homeowners associations including SAMLARC, Dove Canyon, Rancho Cielo, Robinson Ranch, Walden and Trabuco Highlands. Dove Canyon, Trabuco Highlands, Robinson Ranch, Walden and Rancho Cielo were all established before Rancho Santa Margarita was an incorporated city. East of Plano Trabuco Road is designated with a Trabuco Canyon (92679) zip code even though

3542-459: The norm." The sociolinguist William Labov recorded the change in pronunciation in a relatively short period in the American resort of Martha's Vineyard and showed how this resulted from social tensions and processes. Even in the relatively short time that broadcast media have recorded their work, one can observe the difference between the pronunciation of the newsreaders of the 1940s and

3619-434: The northeast, Rancho Santa Margarita and Ladera Ranch on the east, San Juan Capistrano on the south, and Laguna Niguel and Laguna Hills on the west. Mission Viejo enjoys a borderline semi-arid / Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification BSh/Csa ), with mild temperatures and plentiful sunshine year-round. Rainfall totals, which average around 14 inches (360 millimetres) annually are focused primarily in

3696-486: The population possessed a bachelor's degree, with 16.4% possessing a Graduate or Professional Degree. The educational attainment level in Rancho Santa Margarita significantly exceeds the averages throughout the rest of California. The Census reported that 47,851 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 2 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized. There were 16,665 households, out of which 7,699 (46.2%) had children under

3773-652: The population) lived in households, 859 (0.9%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 83 (0.1%) were institutionalized. There were 33,208 households, out of which 11,767 (35.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 20,792 (62.6%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 2,967 (8.9%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,306 (3.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,211 (3.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 225 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 6,314 households (19.0%) were made up of individuals, and 2,949 (8.9%) had someone living alone who

3850-430: The population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 12,114 people (25.3%) lived in rental housing units. During 2009–2013, Rancho Santa Margarita had a median household income of $ 104,113, with 3.9% of the population living below the federal poverty line. In the California State Legislature , Rancho Santa Margarita is in the 38th Senate District , represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear , and in

3927-524: The population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 19,973 people (21.4%) lived in rental housing units. According to the 2010 United States Census, Mission Viejo had a median household income of $ 96,088, with 5.3% of the population living below the federal poverty line. The Mission Viejo- Lake Forest - San Clemente urban area (which also includes the cities of Aliso Viejo , Dana Point , Laguna Beach , Laguna Hills , Laguna Niguel , Laguna Woods , Rancho Santa Margarita and San Juan Capistrano ) had

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4004-406: The population. There were 32,449 households, out of which 39.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.3% were non-families. 17.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and

4081-577: The principal city: the Mission Viejo– Lake Forest – Laguna Niguel , CA urban area had a population of 646,843 as of the 2020 census , ranked 65th in the United States . Rancho Mission Viejo was purchased by Don Juan Forster , an English-born Mexican ranchero. During the Mexican–American War , Forster provided fresh horses to United States military forces which were used on the march of San Diego to invade Los Angeles. Mission Viejo

4158-425: The private Santa Margarita Catholic High School in Rancho Santa Margarita. Silverado High School , Mira Monte High School, and Pathfinder are continuation and adult schools within the city. Silverado High School provides a day school environment while Mira Monte, which shares the same campus, is strictly independent study. Saddleback College , near The Shops at Mission Viejo and Capistrano Valley High School ,

4235-516: The pronunciation of one phoneme changes to become identical to that of another phoneme, the two original phonemes can merge into a single phoneme, reducing the total number of phonemes the language contains. Determining the exact course of sound change in historical languages can pose difficulties, since the technology of sound recording dates only from the 19th century, and thus sound changes before that time must be inferred from written texts. The orthographical practices of historical writers provide

4312-467: The properties of earlier, un attested languages and hypothesize sound changes that may have taken place in them. The study of lexical changes forms the diachronic portion of the science of onomasiology . The ongoing influx of new words into the English language (for example) helps make it a rich field for investigation into language change, despite the difficulty of defining precisely and accurately

4389-437: The reasons in the world why society should never let the changes through." He sees the reason for tolerating change in the fact that we already are used to " synchronic variation ", to the extent that we are hardly aware of it. For example, when we hear the word "wicked", we automatically interpret it as either "evil" or "wonderful", depending on whether it is uttered by an elderly lady or a teenager. Deutscher speculates that "[i]n

4466-441: The reform was initiated in early 1930s), with newly coined pure Turkish neologisms created by adding suffixes to Turkish word stems (Lewis, 1999). Can and Patton (2010), based on their observations of the change of a specific word use (more specifically in newer works the preference of ama over fakat , both borrowed from Arabic and meaning "but", and their inverse usage correlation is statistically significant), also speculate that

4543-597: The relevant set of phonemes appears, rather than each word's pronunciation changing independently of each other. The degree to which the Neogrammarian hypothesis is an accurate description of how sound change takes place, rather than a useful approximation, is controversial; but it has proven extremely valuable to historical linguistics as a heuristic , and enabled the development of methodologies of comparative reconstruction and internal reconstruction that allow linguists to extrapolate backwards from known languages to

4620-433: The remaining are registered with a minor party. Mission Viejo is a general law city , which operates under a council-manager form of government. The Mission Viejo City Council consists of five members elected at-large to staggered four-year terms. Each year, the City Council elects a Mayor and a Mayor Pro Tem amongst themselves to serve for one calendar year. The Mayor, who has equal legislative power with fellow members of

4697-480: The same token, they may tag some words eventually as "archaic" or "obsolete". Standardisation of spelling originated centuries ago. Differences in spelling often catch the eye of a reader of a text from a previous century. The pre-print era had fewer literate people: languages lacked fixed systems of orthography, and the manuscripts that survived often show words spelled according to regional pronunciation and to personal preference. Semantic changes are shifts in

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4774-468: The summer season. Geocaching , a popular 21st century treasure hunting game, is prevalent in Mission Viejo and surrounding cities. On June 10, 2023, the City of Mission Viejo launched Southern California 's first GeoTour consisting of 27 unique and creative geocaches hidden across the city, with most placed along the Oso Creek Trail system and city recreation facilities. The purpose is meant as

4851-450: The syntactic component or the eventual result of phonological or morphological change. The sociolinguist Jennifer Coates, following William Labov, describes linguistic change as occurring in the context of linguistic heterogeneity . She explains that "[l]inguistic change can be said to have taken place when a new linguistic form, used by some sub-group within a speech community, is adopted by other members of that community and accepted as

4928-527: The various functions a language 'is called upon' to fulfil in the society which uses it". Over a sufficiently long period of time, changes in a language can accumulate to such an extent that it is no longer recognizable as the same language. For instance, modern English is the result of centuries of language change applying to Old English , even though modern English is extremely divergent from Old English in grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation. The two may be thought of as distinct languages, but Modern English

5005-415: The vocabulary available to speakers of English. Throughout its history , English has not only borrowed words from other languages but has re-combined and recycled them to create new meanings, whilst losing some old words . Dictionary-writers try to keep track of the changes in languages by recording (and, ideally, dating) the appearance in a language of new words, or of new usages for existing words. By

5082-468: The word "wicked" is undergoing amelioration in colloquial contexts, shifting from its original sense of 'evil', to the much more positive one as of 2009 of 'brilliant'. Words' meanings may also change in terms of the breadth of their semantic domain. Narrowing a word limits its alternative meanings, whereas broadening associates new meanings with it. For example, "hound" ( Old English hund ) once referred to any dog, whereas in modern English it denotes only

5159-520: The word length increase can influence the common word choice preferences of authors. Kadochnikov (2016) analyzes the political and economic logic behind the development of the Russian language. Ever since the emergence of the unified Russian state in the 15th and 16th centuries the government played a key role in standardizing the Russian language and developing its prescriptive norms with the fundamental goal of ensuring that it can be efficiently used as

5236-437: The year, occasionally into autumn. From 2012 to 2016, California experienced the worst drought in a century. In 2016, California experienced more rainfall than expected and ended most of the drought. Orange County was the last to have drought restrictions lifted. The 2020 United States Census reported that Mission Viejo had a population of 93,653. There were 5,057 (5.4%) persons under the age of 5, 18,824 (20.3%) persons under

5313-455: The year. The city holds a variety of annually recurring events to celebrate holidays including a street fair and fireworks for Independence Day and public decorations and interactive activities for children during the winter holiday season featuring representation for multiple popular religions. Mission Viejo has a major youth athletic facility, Mission Viejo Youth Athletic Park. The park consists of eight baseball fields and five soccer fields. It

5390-404: Was 36.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males. There were 17,260 housing units at an average density of 1,328.4 per square mile (512.9/km ), of which 11,906 (71.4%) were owner-occupied, and 4,759 (28.6%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.6%. 35,737 people (74.7% of

5467-402: Was 42.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males. There were 34,228 housing units at an average density of 1,888.6 per square mile (729.2/km), of which 25,859 (77.9%) were owner-occupied, and 7,349 (22.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.9%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.9%. 72,390 people (77.6% of

5544-449: Was 5,148.3 inhabitants per square mile (1,987.8/km). The racial makeup of Mission Viejo was 74,493 (79.8%) White (68.9% Non-Hispanic White), 1,210 (1.3%) African American , 379 (0.4%) Native American , 8,462 (9.1%) Asian , 153 (0.2%) Pacific Islander , 4,332 (4.6%) from other races , and 4,276 (4.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15,877 persons (17.0%). The Census reported that 92,363 people (99.0% of

5621-422: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78. There were 25,065 families (75.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.18. The population was spread out, with 21,270 people (22.8%) under the age of 18, 7,852 people (8.4%) aged 18 to 24, 21,648 people (23.2%) aged 25 to 44, 29,003 people (31.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 13,532 people (14.5%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

5698-421: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87. There were 12,547 families (75.3% of all households); the average family size was 3.33. The population was spread out, with 13,879 people (29.0%) under the age of 18, 3,793 people (7.9%) aged 18 to 24, 13,706 people (28.6%) aged 25 to 44, 13,764 people (28.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 2,711 people (5.7%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

5775-589: Was 93,653. Mission Viejo is suburban in nature and culture, and consists of residential properties, offices and businesses. The city is noted for its tree-lined neighborhoods, receiving recognition from the National Arbor Day Foundation . The city's name is a reference to Rancho Mission Viejo , a large Spanish land grant from which the community was founded. The United States Census Bureau defines an urban area of Orange County cities not part of Los Angeles's urban area with Mission Viejo as

5852-469: Was a hilly region primarily used as cattle and sheep grazing land, since it was of little use to farmers. This city was one of the last regions of Orange County to be urbanized due to its geologic complexity. In 1960, early developers dismissed most of the land in Mission Viejo as simply "undevelopable". Donald Bren , an urban planner who later became the president of the Irvine Company , drafted

5929-489: Was the initial master planner of Highlands Ranch , both located in the Denver, Colorado Metropolitan area . The seal of the city of Mission Viejo was designed and drawn by Carl Glassford, an artist and former resident of the city. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 18.1 square miles (47 km), 17.7 square miles (46 km) of which is land and 0.4 square miles (1.0 km) (2.12%)

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