Misplaced Pages

#844155

37-709: Route Nationale 216 , also known as the Rocade Est or Rocade Portuaire , is a French trunk road that connects the long-distance A-16 and A-26 autoroutes to the Calais ferries towards the United Kingdom . From the interchange with the A-16, A-26, the road runs northward, connecting to Rue Yervant Toumaniantz at exit 3, and the Rue de Garennes at exit 2. The northern terminus is at an interchange which connects directly to

74-435: A toll . They are open to all vehicles, except on certain sections having motorway ( autoroute ) or express road ( voie express ) status, both of these categories being reserved for motorized vehicles only. France at one time had some 30,500 km of routes nationales and publicly owned motorways, but this figure has decreased with the transfer of the responsibility for many routes to the départements so that by 2010

111-472: A certain economic interest, but probably also to neutralise Porto Cardo, which occupied a strategic military position as well as having businesses. It was here that the fortress of Bastia was erected, the residence of the Genoese governors from the 15th century. The agreements between Giovanninello and the commune of Genoa in 1289 demonstrated the importance of this baronial control of land routes and anchorages,

148-512: A coastal band about 1.5 km (1 mi) wide, which is a very limited part of the 19.38 km (7.48 sq mi) that the commune has. Above all, Bastia is a port , and the sea has of course a significant role in the spatial organization of the city. Bastia possesses nowadays three different ports . The old port ("Vieux Port" in French and "Portu Vechju" in Corsican ), located in

185-534: A few days per year when visibility is excellent. In terms of geography, Bastia is defined by its position between the sea and the mountain. The city is located on the Eastern side of the "Serra di Pignu", a 960 m (3,150 ft) mountain (see photo opposite). This steep mountain and several hills in the city shape a relief typical of the Cap Corse . This pronounced landscape caused the city to develop mostly on

222-599: A fortress Argent, turreted, masoned, windows, and port of Sable on a terrace in base Vert. Located in the North-East of Corsica at the base of the Cap Corse , between the sea and the mountain, Bastia is the principal port of the island. The city is located 35 km (22 mi) away from the northern tip of the Cap Corse, 50 km (31 mi) west from Elba , an Italian island, and 90 km (56 mi) away from continental Italy which can be seen

259-427: A major source of revenue and a guarantee of the security of the territory. Before the occupation of Corsica by the Genoese there were several communities of the pieve of Orto : Soverta, La Vetrice, Belgodere, Astima, and Le Corbaia. All these villages have today almost disappeared. On the coast there was a small hamlet inhabited by fishermen called Porto Cardo which means "Cardo Port". In the 16th and 17th centuries,

296-432: A point known as point zéro ( kilometre zero ). In order to cover the country effectively, there are many other roads that do not serve Paris directly. The system dates back to 16 December 1811, when Napoleon designated a number of routes impériales (imperial highways). First-class routes were numbered from 1 to 14; all began at Paris , radiating out in a clockwise manner. Route 1 ran from Paris north to Calais , and

333-479: A relatively narrow north–south axis which can make access to the city centre difficult under particular circumstances. Nowadays, the city centre is mainly composed of the "citadelle", the stronghold, also called Terra-Nova, with the Genoese Governors' Palace, the old port and port quarter and the market plaza, and finally the ensemble of buildings along the "Boulevard Paoli", the main commercial street of

370-467: A remarkable and narrow cove, offers good natural shelter against the climatic hazards of the Mediterranean Sea . Thus, it was at the core of the initial development of the city. Nowadays, many pleasure and fishing boats are still there, but it is not as economically vital than the other more modern ports, although its touristic and aesthetic charm almost makes the old port the official emblem of

407-586: A result of its climate but also the flora: There are three main access roads to Bastia: The urban area of Bastia is served by a bus network with 14 routes operated by the Autobus Bastiais company. The Bastia railway station belongs to Chemins de fer de la Corse and is located in the city centre. There are services to Ajaccio and Calvi. There are also 7 other Bastia rail stops for suburban services to Casamozza : Lupino, Rivoli, Bassanese, Arinella, Montesoro, Sole-Meo, Erbajolo. Despite its small size

SECTION 10

#1732772567845

444-493: Is a commune in the department of Haute-Corse , Corsica , France. It is located in the northeast of the island of Corsica at the base of Cap Corse . It also has the second-highest population of any commune on the island after Ajaccio and is the capital of the Bagnaja region and of the department. Bastia is the principal port of the island and its principal commercial town and is known for its wines. The inhabitants of

481-415: Is characterized by a very marked seasonality. This is explained by the importance of summer tourism for the economy of Corsica. Thus the traffic is multiplied by eleven in the high season (July–August). This seasonality has a very strong impact on the city of Bastia, as on all Corsica. The city must be equipped with the necessary infrastructure to be able to accommodate such numbers of passengers even though it

518-424: Is characterized by its location between the sea and the mountains. The commune lies on the eastern flank of the "Serra di Pignu" a mountain which rises to 960 m above sea level. This steep mountain with other hills around Bastia forms the typical terrain of Cap Corse. This pronounced relief largely explains the development of the city on a coastal strip of about 1.5 km in width which is a very limited proportion of

555-546: Is still the general path of route nationale 1 . Second-class routes, from 15 to 27, did the same, while third-class routes from 28 to 229 provided less major connections. During the Bourbon Restoration , in 1824, these routes were renamed routes royales (royal highways) and modified. Route 3, Paris to Hamburg via Soissons , Reims and Liège , was renumbered to 31 and 51, and the subsequent routes were shifted down by one. Routes 19 and 20 were completely outside

592-1253: The Franciscans settled in the Pieve of Orto. At the beginning of the 16th century, Monseigneur Agostino Giustiniani , Bishop of Nebbio, described in his Dialogo nominato Corsica : – Agostino Giustiniani in Description of Corsica , translation by Lucien Auguste Letteron in History of Corsica , Bulletin of the Society for Historical and Natural Sciences of Corsica – Volume I – 1888, p. 50. (in French) Continuing, he writes: – Agostino Giustiniani in Description of Corsica , translation by Lucien Auguste Letteron in History of Corsica . (in French) He ends his description as follows: – Agostino Giustiniani in Description of Corsica , translation by Lucien Auguste Letteron in History of Corsica . (in French) The Genoese soon felt

629-469: The 19.38 km2 of the whole commune. The river network is sparse. There are three small streams (or fiumes ) flowing from west to east: Bastia possesses a Mediterranean climate . The average annual temperature is 16.3 °C (61 °F) and the average coldest night of the year barely goes below freezing. Winds are frequent and violent, precipitation copious, but there are also 240 sunny days on average per year. The commune has two levels of vegetation as

666-545: The Bishop of Nebbio, probably sometime in the second half of the 12th century or the beginning of the 13th century, were partly absorbed by the lords of Bagnaia before 1247. Then, before 1289, they were recovered and absorbed, like many others in the new lordship of Giovanninello de Loreto. Taking advantage of the Genoese-pisano rivalries, he extended his possessions to the east and west. Written documentation illustrates

703-594: The N216 to prevent migrants accessing the road and to improve the surroundings for drivers. The proposal is a joint Anglo-French project, estimated to cost £1.9m. Local residents have dubbed it "the Great Wall of Calais". Construction was completed by the end of the year, but by this point the Jungle had been completely evacuated. Route nationale Their use is free, except when crossing certain structures subject to

740-719: The Vanacimi people. Bastia did not exist. Neither Ptolemy , Strabo , or Pliny in the descriptions they made of the island mentioned Bastia. At the end of the 9th century, the territory or pieve of Mantino depended on the lords Loretesi . They were driven out in 1072 by the Da Furiani, Aschesi or Laschesi , aided by the Marquis of Massa . In 1370, the Republic of Genoa sent two governors to Corsica: Leonello Lomellino and Aluigi Toriorino. Shortly afterwards, considering

777-484: The business of territorial conquest conducted by Giovanninello during the years 1260–1280. After raiding the castles of Nebbio and Pureto in the Ostriconi , he went on to the conquest of the pieve of Orto , which was then under the control of Bagnaia, and he built two new fortifications: Montebello and Petra di Bugno. These were intended not only to dominate and control the northern part of Bagnaia, whose Cerlino Lake had

SECTION 20

#1732772567845

814-508: The castle of Bastia to maintain his sea communications". – Daniel Istria – Powers and fortifications in northern Corsica 11th – 14th Century p. 145 According to Giovanni della Grossa, the "seigneurialisation" of Loreto would have been, as with Genoese families of the Cape, usurping the County title acquired during the "people's government". Small lordships that emerged from the courts of

851-533: The central depression. The allochhtons are mainly in the area of lustrous schists and ophiolites corresponding to the eastern relief ( Cap Corse and Castagniccia)". Its base rests on a granite bedrock ( Felsic granites from the Hercynian , plain rocks), which has been covered with oceanic layers of: Note the presence of copper ore in Cardo which was once the subject of a concession. Geographically, Bastia

888-784: The city, which lies from the Justice Court to the Avenue Maréchal Sebastiani. During the last few decades, Bastia and its region have experienced a strong demographic growth, which has caused somewhat of a suburban crawl in the south of the city, because of the congestion of the city center. The commune is located in the Alpine Eastern Corsica region which is formed from "a succession of autochthons (fixed terrain), para-autochtons (weakly displaced terrain) and especially allochthons (highly displaced terrain). The first two coincide roughly with

925-467: The city. In fact, many cafés, bars and restaurants have moved to its docks to which access is granted by the city for pedestrians only during summer evenings. A bit more to the north is located the commercial and ferry port. As a major economic asset of the city, the "port de commerce" is the pulse of the city. It is even more so during the summer when ferry arrivals and departures of thousands of passengers and cars can sometimes cause long traffic jams along

962-590: The commune are known as Bastiais or Bastiaises . The commune has been awarded three flowers by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom . In Roman times the site of Cardo with the north-eastern district of the current commune of Bastia and Pietrabugno formed a Pieve: the oldest known administrative division. This territory was occupied by

999-728: The ferry terminal, along with an exit for local traffic. The southern 2.5km from junction 3 to the A16/A26 interchange has been upgraded to autoroute standard and is now marked A216. As the main road towards the Port of Calais , the N216 is notorious for migrants attempting to enter the United Kingdom . Since the installation of the Calais Jungle , a number of migrants trying to enter the UK by climbing aboard vehicles have been killed on this road, including 5 deaths in 2016. A second, unofficial camp

1036-599: The great expense and little profit in Corsica, the Republic decided to withdraw and no longer intervene in the affairs of the island. Nevertheless some Genoese gentlemen formed a partnership known as the Maona to try and manage the economy on the island on behalf of the Republic of Genoa. The five partners were: Leonello Lomellino, Giovanni da Balagnera, Aluigi Tortorino, Andreolo Ficone, and Cristoforo Maruffo. They all came with

1073-481: The location of habitations as well as the relief of the island. Bastia was the capital at the time of the Genoese domination. It spread to the slopes later, drawn toward the water in the Place Saint-Nicolas . Created by the Genoese patrician Leonello Lomellini in 1353 to liaise with Genoa, the city originated on the roack where a tower was built (a bastiglia , hence its name) and, a hundred years later,

1110-456: The need to protect Bastia from invasions coming from the sea and began to build a bastiglia (moat) and a citadel in the time of governor Leonello Lomellini. Over time, the Bastiglia (Bastia) has grown, become prosperous, and become more important than Cardo. Its history is in its "bastiglia" or citadel which was originally a walled city. Here it was the sea and the mountains that determined

1147-451: The north–south axis, the national road RN193. In front of the commercial port, the large Saint-Nicolas square represents the heart of the city. Just north of the commercial port, the Toga marina , named after a city neighborhood, is a harbor for leisure boating activities like sailing and yachting. There are also some bars, restaurants and night clubs on its docks. Thus, Bastia is organized on

Route nationale 216 - Misplaced Pages Continue

1184-496: The port of Bastia is the busiest French port on the Mediterranean Sea with 2,291,944 passengers in 2011. This makes it the second busiest French port behind Calais (about 15 million passengers). Ports served from Bastia are: Source: CCI Haute Corse – Port Statistics 2014 (p. 12) Domestic traffic is 47.4% against 52.6% international traffic. As shown in the adjacent diagram, shipping and passenger traffic

1221-966: The post-Napoleon France, and so 21 to 27 became 18 to 24. In 1830 the highways were renamed routes nationales . In the 21st century, the French Government has downgraded many of the former routes nationales, such as the N7 from Paris to the Côte d'Azur , transferring responsibility for them to the départements . Bastia - Corte, Haute-Corse - Ajaccio Ajaccio - Bonifacio Ponte Leccia - Calvi Casamozza - Bonifacio Bastia Bastia ( UK : / ˈ b æ s tj ə , ˈ b ɑː s -/ BA(H)SS -tyə , US : / ˈ b ɑː s t i ə , ˈ b æ s -, b ɑː ˈ s t iː ə / BA(H)SS -tee-ə, bahss- TEE - , French: [bastja] , Italian: [baˈstiːa] ; Corsican : Bastìa [baˈsti.a] )

1258-652: The title of Governor and brought with them a thousand soldiers. After an expedition to Cinarca followed by a short period of peace, Leonello Lomellino returned as governor and to gain an advantage over the Count Arrigo della Rocca with whom he would have to fight, he began by fortifying Aléria . " Then Count Arrigo and his allies once again crossed the mountains and made incursions against Cap Corse: having met no resistance, they went to besiege Aléria which capitulated after four months. Leonello, deprived of all support, returned to Biguglia and from there he went to build

1295-401: The total length of motorways and other national roads was around 21,100 km. By way of comparison, routes départementales in the same year covered a total distance of 378,000 km. The layout of the main trunk road network reflects France's centralizing tradition : the majority of them radiate from Paris . The most important trunk roads begin on the parvis of Notre Dame de Paris at

1332-424: Was set up to the east of the N216 by the curve at exit 2 in 2015. The road is regularly blocked by the migrants with felled trees and other objects in an effort to stop the vehicles to enable them to hide aboard. In response, HGV drivers have been spotted attempting to run over migrants approaching their vehicles on the road. In 2016, plans were announced to build a 1.9-kilometre (1.2-mile) long wall on either side of

1369-507: Was surrounded by walls. At the beginning of the 18th century, many improvements were made in the Punta district, where many shops were built. Bastia and the whole island came under French military domination on 8 May 1769. In 1794, during a war with Revolutionary France , British troops under Admiral Nelson and Lieutenant-General David Dundas briefly captured Bastia . In 1848, Bastia took 44 hectares from Ville-di-Pietrabugno . Azure,

#844155