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126-506: The Royal North Gloucestershire Militia (RNGM), later the 4th (Militia) Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment was a Militia regiment raised in the county of Gloucestershire in the West of England . From its formal creation in 1763 the regiment served in home defence and overseas garrisons in all of Britain's major wars until 1908. The universal obligation to military service in the Shire levy

252-527: A Government , a political party or alliance usually requires a simple majority in Parliament. Since Bangladesh's independence, the prime minister has concurrently held the position of Leader of the House . The Parliament of Barbados is the legislative branch of the government of Barbados. It is a bicameral body, composed of an appointed Senate and an elected House of Assembly. The Senate (upper house),

378-583: A Member of Parliament refers to a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka (since 1978), the National State Assembly (1972–78) and the House of Representatives of Ceylon (1947–72), the lower house of the Parliament of Ceylon . Members are elected in a general elections or appointed from the national lists allocated to parties (and independent groups) in proportion to their share of

504-506: A general election , usually held once every five years unless Parliament is dissolved sooner by the president on the advice of the prime minister . Under the Constitution of Bangladesh , an individual is required to be a citizen of Bangladesh and must have attained the age of 25 years in order to qualify for election to Parliament. The Parliament consists of 300 directly elected members from general seats elected by use of first past

630-694: A legal fiction allows voluntary resignation between elections; as MPs are forbidden from holding an " office of profit under the Crown", an MP wishing to resign will apply for the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds or the Stewardship of the Manor of Northstead which are nominally such paid offices and thus result in the MP vacating their seat. (Accepting a salaried ministerial office does not amount to

756-593: A smallpox outbreak in the county, but in 1898 it took part in the army's manoeuvres at Aldershot . It returned to Cirencester Park for the 1899 training, but the rifle range was unsafe for the newly issued Lee-Metford rifles, and the week-long musketry course was carried out at Orchard Portman in Somerset. After the disasters of Black Week at the start of the Second Boer War in December 1899, most of

882-630: A bill was introduced to Parliament to allow Militia volunteers to serve in Europe. In the event only three battalions were raised, and these were sent to serve under Henry Bayly . On 12 April 1814 they arrived in Bordeaux , where they were attached to the 7th Division . After the Napoleonic Wars, the Militia fell into disuse, although regimental colonels and adjutants continued to appear in

1008-556: A century later during the Monmouth Rebellion and the Glorious Revolution (when they were among the few units to see action in a largely bloodless campaign). The Gloucestershire Militia continued to be mustered for training during the reign of William III ; by now they were divided into four foot regiments (White, Green, Blue and Red) as well as a regiment of horse and a separate Bristol regiment. But after

1134-430: A county basis, and filled by voluntary enlistment (although conscription by means of the militia ballot might be used if the counties failed to meet their quotas). It was intended to be seen as an alternative to the army. Training was for 56 days on enlistment, then the recruits would return to civilian life but report for 21–28 days training per year. The full army pay during training and a financial retainer thereafter made

1260-577: A first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies. The Parliament of Canada consists of the monarch , the Senate and the House of Commons . Only members of the House of Commons are referred to as members of Parliament ( French : député ); members of the Senate are called Senators (French: sénateur ). There are currently 105 seats in the Senate and 338 in the House of Commons. Members of Parliament are elected, while senators are appointed by

1386-406: A general election for a three-year term. There are 72 electorate MPs, of which seven are elected only by Māori who have chosen to be registered on a separate Māori electoral roll. The remaining members are elected by proportional representation from published party lists . Since 1907, members of the House of Representatives have been referred to as 'Member of Parliament', abbreviated MP. From

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1512-456: A letter from a Private of the 4th Bn, the duty at the tented camp was miserable, with incessant wind and rain. On 6 July 1901 the 3rd (Royal Wiltshire Militia) Bn, Wiltshire Regiment , arrived to relieve the men of 3rd and 4th Gloucesters, who embarked on the Mohawk and arrived at Southampton on 26 July. The battalion was disembodied the following day. The men of 3rd and 4th Bns were awarded

1638-409: A member of Parliament. Members of Parliament are styled Yang Berhormat ("Honourable") with the initials Y.B. appended prenominally . A prince who is a member of Parliament is styled Yang Berhormat Mulia . The prime minister, deputy prime minister and Tuns who are members of Parliament are styled Yang Amat Berhormat ("Most Honourable"), abbreviated Y.A.B. The Parliament of Malta consists of

1764-487: A paid office under the Crown for these purposes.) The House of Lords is a legislative chamber that is part of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Although they are part of the parliament, its members are referred to as peers , more formally as Lords of Parliament , not MPs. Lords Temporal sit for life, Lords Spiritual while they occupy their ecclesiastical positions. Hereditary peers may no longer pass on

1890-547: A seat in the House of Lords to their heir automatically. The 92 who remain have been elected from among their own number, following the House of Lords Act 1999 and are the only elected members of the Lords. Members of the National Assembly , the lower house of Parliament , are styled "members of Parliament", while members of the Senate , the upper house, are referred to as "senators". Member of Parliament can be

2016-607: A third of the recruits and many young officers went on to join the Regular Army. The Militia Reserve, formed in 1868, consisted of present and former militiamen who undertook to serve overseas in case of war. In 1873 the WO announced that the RNGM would carry out its annual training as part of that year's army autumn manoeuvres on Dartmoor . This would have taken the men away from the harvest: Cirencester Chamber of Agriculture objected, and

2142-697: A uniform), and after six months full-time training would be discharged into the reserve. The first intake was called up, but the Second World War was declared soon afterwards, and the militiamen lost their identity in the rapidly expanding army. Two units still maintain their militia designation in the British Army , in the Army Reserve . These are the Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (formed in 1539) and

2268-428: A useful addition to the men's civilian wage. Of course, many saw the annual camp as the equivalent of a paid holiday. The militia thus appealed to agricultural labourers, colliers and the like, men in casual occupations , who could leave their civilian job and pick it up again. The militia was also a significant source of recruits for the Regular Army, where men had received a taste of army life. An officer's commission in

2394-619: Is a democratic parliamentary system of government modelled after the politics of the United Kingdom . This term comes from the Palace of Westminster , the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . At the Commonwealth level, a "member of parliament" is a member of the House of Representatives , the lower house of the Commonwealth (federal) parliament . Members may use the postnominal "MP" after their names. "MHR" ("Member of

2520-491: Is a Union flag with a crown and a scroll across the central white bar bearing the regimental name. Militia (United Kingdom) A separate voluntary Local Militia was created in 1808 before being disbanded in 1816. By 1813 the British Army was experiencing a shortage of manpower to maintain their battalions at full strength. Some consideration was given to recruiting foreign nationals; however, on 4 November 1813

2646-678: Is a member of either of the two chambers of the Parliament of Austria ( Österreichisches Parlament ). The members of the Nationalrat are called Abgeordnete zum Nationalrat . The members of the Bundesrat , elected by the provincial diets ( Landtage ) of the nine federal States of Austria , are known as Mitglieder des Bundesrats . In Bulgaria there are 240 members of Parliament ( Bulgarian : Народно събрание / Парламент ; transliteration Narodno sabranie / Parlament), which are called 'Deputati' (singular Deputat). Moreover, there are 240 MPs in

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2772-476: Is commonly used. In bicameral legislatures, members of the lower house ( legislative assembly or house of assembly ) also use the post-nominals "MLA" or "MHA" and members of the upper house ( legislative council ) use "MLC". MLCs are informally refer to as upper house MPs. The Parliament of the Bahamas is the bicameral national parliament of Commonwealth of the Bahamas. The parliament is formally made up by

2898-482: Is equal, then there is no election and the reserved seats are filled in accordance with the candidate lists prepared by parties. In the event there are more candidates than seat allocations, the 300 MPs elected from general seats vote through use of the single transferable vote system to determine the reserved seats. In reality, there has never been an election for reserved seats as parties have never nominated more candidates than they have been allocated. In order to form

3024-554: Is light blue with the Union canton and the coat of arms of Gloucestershire in the centre. The Queen's Colour is a Union Flag with a crowned 'GIIIR' monogram in the centre. The 1863 Regimental Colour is dark blue with a crowned garland surrounding a central red disc with the lettering 'ROYAL/NORTH/GLOUCESTER/MILITIA'. The battle honour 'St Helena 1900–01' on a scroll was added underneath after the Second Boer War. The Queen's Colour

3150-446: Is not subject to dissolution, and one third of the members retire every two years. Vacancies in both houses, whether because of death or resignation of a member, must be filled by using a bypoll within six months of the vacancy; the newly elected member then only serves the remainder of the term of the seat to which they are elected. The number of seats in both houses is regulated by the Constitution and parliamentary statutes . Since

3276-522: The 41st Foot in January 1855, and a number of junior officers obtained commissions in the regulars, so recruiting the RNGM to keep it up to its war establishment of 1000 men was a challenge. In February 1856 the regiment was moved by rail from Cirencester to a new hutted camp at Pembroke Dock . The Crimean War ended with the Treaty of Paris the following month. The RNGM left for Cirencester on 4 June and

3402-529: The 4th Light Dragoons , was appointed major in 1852 and succeeded Hicks-Beach, holding the command until the 1880s. War broke out with Russia in 1854 and large numbers of men volunteered for line regiments in August after the battalion's summer training. Most of the Regular Army having embarked with the expeditionary force sent to the Crimea , the Militia were called out on 26 December. Another 63 men transferred to

3528-458: The 9th (Cirencester) Gloucestershire Rifle Volunteer Corps on 13 February 1860 with the rank of captain. He retained his commission in the militia and was promoted to major on 22 March 1870 and to the honorary rank of lieutenant-colonel on 3 May 1876. He retired from the militia on 23 March 1878, a few weeks after succeeding his uncle as Earl Bathurst and owner of Cirencester Park . Seymour Bathurst, 7th Earl Bathurst followed his father into

3654-620: The Army List . Whilst muster rolls were still prepared during the 1820s, the element of compulsion was abandoned. For example, the City Of York Militia & Muster Rolls run to 1829. They used a pre-printed form with a printer's date of Sept 1828. The Militia was revived by the Militia Act 1852 ( 15 & 16 Vict. c. 50), enacted during a period of international tension. As before, units were raised and administered on

3780-488: The First World War , but their rank and file did not, since the object of the special reserve was to supply drafts of replacements for the overseas units of the regiment. The Special Reserve reverted to its militia designation in 1921, then to Supplementary Reserve in 1924, though the units were effectively placed in "suspended animation" until disbanded in 1953. The term militiaman was briefly revived in 1939. In

3906-680: The Islamabad Capital Territory is represented by four senators. A member of the Senate of Pakistan (a senator) has a tenure of six years. Member of Parliament refers to elected members of the Parliament of Singapore , the appointed Non-constituency Member of Parliament from the opposition, as well as the Nominated Members of Parliament , who may be appointed from members of the public who have no connection to any political party in Singapore. In Sri Lanka ,

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4032-526: The Jersey Field Squadron (The Royal Militia Island of Jersey) (formed in 1337). Member of Parliament A member of parliament ( MP ) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district . Members of parliament typically form parliamentary groups , sometimes called caucuses , with members of the same political party . Many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of

4158-599: The Queen's South Africa Medal and Lt-Col Earl Bathurst was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the South African Honours list published on 26 June 1902. The battalion was awarded the unique Battle Honour St Helena 1900–01 . (The only other unit to receive a St Helena battle honour was the 3rd Wiltshires, which was granted St Helena 1901–02 .) There was no annual training for

4284-520: The Senate parliamentarian in the United States. The term is aMembers of parliament typically form parliamentary groups , sometimes called caucuses , with members of the same political party .lso used to the characteristic of performing the duties of a member of a legislature, for example: "The two party leaders often disagreed on issues, but both were excellent parliamentarians and cooperated to get many good things done." The Westminster system

4410-481: The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 the militia was allowed to dwindle. Under threat of French invasion during the Seven Years' War a series of Militia Acts from 1757 re-established county militia regiments, the men being conscripted by means of parish ballots (paid substitutes were permitted) to serve for three years. Gloucestershire, with the cities of Gloucester and Bristol, was given a quota of 960 men to raise. It

4536-694: The Union flag in the canton and probably with the Coat of arms of the Lord Lieutenant (in 1761 Lord Chedworth ) in the centre. After the regiment had served in Ireland a new pair of colours was presented by the City of Gloucester 1799 reflecting its new Royal designation. These were laid up in 1863 on the centenary of the regiment's formation and replaced by a new pair presented by Lady Emily Kingscote, wife of

4662-530: The War Office (WO) rather than their county lords lieutenant. All recruits, whether Regular or Militia, underwent training at the regimental depot (Horfield Barracks in Gloucester for No 37 Sub-district) before being posted to their battalions; it was not until 1906 that the RNGM was able to drill its recruits at Cirencester. Militia battalions now had a large cadre of permanent staff (about 30). Around

4788-663: The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) and two houses, the Dewan Rakyat (the House of Representatives ) and Dewan Negara (the Senate ). The term "members of Parliament" only refers to members of the Dewan Rakyat . In Malay , a member of Parliament is called Ahli Parlimen , or less formally wakil rakyat (people's representative). Members of Parliament are elected from population-based single-seat constituencies using first-past-the-post voting . The prime minister must be

4914-444: The counties and 12 members are nominated representatives. Kenya also has 47 elected senators from 47 counties; who sit in the Senate parliament. The senators oversee the counties, which are run by governors- also democratically elected. There are also members of county assembly. They are elected from each ward, and seat in county assemblies to oversee and make laws for their respective counties. The Parliament of Malaysia consists of

5040-545: The governor general on behalf of the sovereign at the direction of the prime minister . Retirement is mandatory for senators upon reaching the age of 75 years. Each province (and territory) has its own legislature, with each member usually known as a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). In certain provinces, legislators carry other titles: Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) in Ontario , Member of

5166-426: The lower house since upper house members often have a different title. The terms congressman / congresswoman or deputy are equivalent terms used in other jurisdictions. The term parliamentarian is also sometimes used for members of parliament, but this may also be used to refer to unelected government officials with specific roles in a parliament and other expert advisers on parliamentary procedure such as

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5292-726: The 'Localisation of the Forces' scheme introduced by the Cardwell Reforms of 1872, Militia regiments were brigaded with their local Regular and Volunteer battalions – for the Gloucestershire Militia this was with the 28th (North Gloucestershire) and 61st (South Gloucestershire) Regiments of Foot in Sub-District No 37 (County of Gloucester) in Western District . The Militia were now under

5418-546: The 1860s until 1907 they were designated as 'Member of the House of Representatives', abbreviated 'MHR'. Between the first general election, in 1853 , and the 1860s, the designation was "Member of the General Assembly", abbreviated MGA. Before 1951, New Zealand had an upper house, the Legislative Council , whose members were appointed. A member of Parliament is a member of either of the two houses of

5544-497: The 2nd Battalion Gloucesters, too young or unfit for service in South Africa, were also at Athlone to be trained with the 4th Bn. Meanwhile, two officers and 38 other ranks of the 4th Bn volunteered to serve in South Africa with the regulars. The whole battalion had volunteered for overseas service in South Africa or elsewhere, and it was selected to go to St Helena to guard Boer prisoners of war (POWs) who were being held on

5670-506: The 3rd Brigade of the Plymouth garrison, first at Dock Town, then at Roborough Camp , and from October in the town's barracks. It remained at Plymouth for a year. In 1782 it had 547 men in eight companies. On 8 November it began the march from Plymouth back to Gloucestershire where it was disembodied at the end of the year. From 1784 to 1792 the militia were assembled for their 28 days' annual training, but to save money only two-thirds of

5796-553: The 4th Battalion and was promoted to command it with the rank of lieutenant-colonel on 2 March 1898. His younger brother Allen "Benjamin" Bathurst also served in the regiment. Earl Bathurst retired from the 4th Gloucesters on 2 March 1908 as the regiment was being disbanded, but on 22 September that year he was appointed Honorary Colonel of the 5th Gloucesters , a battalion in the new Territorial Force , descended from his father's 9th Gloucester RVC, to which his brother Benjamin had just been appointed as commanding officer. He retained

5922-475: The 4th Gloucesters after their return home in 1902; the following year the battalion trained at Pembroke Dock (its war station in case of mobilisation for hime defence). In 1904 and 1905 battalion training was at Cirencester, in 1906 and 1907 brigade training took place on Salisbury Plain , with the 3rd and 4th Bns of the Glosters brigaded with the 4th Bn Oxfordshire Light Infantry and 3rd Bn Berkshires. After

6048-642: The Boer War, there were moves to reform the Auxiliary Forces (Militia, Yeomanry and Volunteers) to take their place in the six Army Corps proposed by the Secretary of State for War , St John Brodrick . However, little of Brodrick's scheme was carried out. Under the more sweeping Haldane Reforms in 1908, the Militia was replaced by the Special Reserve , a semi-professional force whose role

6174-642: The Cardwell Reforms a mobilisation scheme began to appear in the Army List from December 1875. This assigned Regular and Militia units to places in an order of battle of corps, divisions and brigades for the 'Active Army', even though these formations were entirely theoretical, with no staff or services assigned. The North and South Gloucestershire Militia were both assigned to 1st Brigade of 3rd Division, V Corps . The division would have mustered at Gloucester in time of war, and did actually undertake collective training at Minchinhampton Common in 1876 during

6300-767: The Dáil", and addressed as "Teachta" (Deputy), while a Member of the Seanad is known and addressed as Seanadóir (Senator). These titles are used much more commonly in English than the official Irish. A member of Parliament was the term used to refer to a member of the pre-1801 Irish House of Commons of the Parliament of Ireland . Irish members elected to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland were also called members of Parliament from 1801 to 1922. Northern Ireland continues to elect MPs to

6426-480: The French Wars the militia were employed anywhere in the country for coast defence, manning garrisons, guarding prisoners of war, for internal security – and helping to bring in the harvest – while the Regular Army regarded them as a source of trained men if they could be persuaded to transfer. Their traditional local defence duties were taken over by the part-time Volunteers . Service in the militia could be hard:

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6552-664: The French army supporting the rebels having surrendered at Ballinamuck on 8 September. The regiment returned to England in April 1799 and camped in Sussex . The following year it was in garrison at Dover Castle and Shorncliffe Camp . The RNGM provided large drafts of recruits to the 9th , 53rd and 56th Foot , and the invasion crisis having passed the militia were reduced, the RNGM from 10 to eight companies. These companies had an establishment of just 466 men, of whom 40 were trained to man

6678-578: The Honorary Colonel. These became the colours of the 4th Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment, and were laid up in Cirencester Parish Church on 27 February 1908 when the battalion was being disbanded. The 1799 colours were moved from Kingscote Park to Cirencester Parish Church in 1959. Both pairs were taken down for safekeeping in 1998, but there was a campaign to have them reinstated in the church. The 1799 Regimental Colour

6804-408: The House of Representatives (Privileges and Powers) Ordinance. The Parliament of Nauru consists of 18 seats. Members of Parliament are entitled to use the prefix The Honourable . The New Zealand Parliament is made up of the monarch and the unicameral House of Representatives . A member of Parliament is a member of the House of Representatives, which has a minimum of 120 members, elected at

6930-574: The House of Representatives") was not used, which was affirmed by cabinet in 1901 and reaffirmed in 1951 and 1965. However, the prohibition of "MHR" does not appear to have been strictly enforced, as it was used most recently by Tony Abbott when he was in the parliament (1994–2019). A member of the upper house of the Commonwealth Parliament, the Senate , is known as a "Senator". In the Australian states and territories , "MP"

7056-431: The National Assembly (MNA) in Quebec ( French : député ) and Member of the House of Assembly (MHA) in Newfoundland and Labrador . The provincial upper houses were eliminated between 1876 ( Manitoba ) and 1968 (Quebec). In Gibraltar, members of parliament serve in the unicameral Gibraltar Parliament . There are 17 seats in the Parliament, to which candidates are elected by block voting . Each candidate represents

7182-476: The Pakistani Parliament: the National Assembly of Pakistan and Senate of Pakistan . The National Assembly of Pakistan has a total of 342 members, of whom 272 are directly elected, and 70 seats are reserved for women and minorities. A member of the National Assembly of Pakistan (MNA) has a tenure of five years. On the other hand, there are 104 members of the Senate of Pakistan, in which all four provinces are represented by 23 senators regardless of population, while

7308-410: The Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Parliament of Jamaica is the legislative branch of the government of Jamaica. It is a bicameral body, composed of an appointed Senate and an elected House of Representatives. The Senate (upper house), the direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council"—comprises 21 senators appointed by the governor-general: thirteen on the advice of

7434-474: The Peace of Amiens quickly broke down, and the Militia were embodied once more in 1803. The Royal North Gloucesters assembled with seven companies at Cirencester on 28 March and marched to Portsmouth, where part of it occupied Fort Cumberland . In June it was increased to an establishment of 10 companies totalling 930 men. In March 1804 the regiment left Portsmouth and marched to Silverhill Barracks in Sussex, and that summer its strength rose to nearly 1400 men. In

7560-431: The Regular Army was sent to South Africa, and many militia units were embodied to replace them for home defence and to garrison certain overseas stations. The 4th Gloucesters was embodied at Cirencester on 11 January 1900 and moved by train to Holyhead under Lt-Col Earl Bathurst for service in Ireland once more. The battalion was stationed at Athlone with companies detached to Galway and Castlebar . Some 400 soldiers of

7686-417: The Supplementary Militia, though unlike some counties these were incorporated into the two existing regiments, the RNGM receiving a draft of 355 in 1798 to bring it up to a strength of about 850 in 10 companies. The Supplementary Militia were stood down in 1799, but the county had to find 1163 more in 1802. The RNGM was stationed at Poole until July 1796, then at Lydd and Ashford in Kent. In early 1797 it

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7812-413: The WO backed down, allowing the regiment to arrange annual training at a time that was locally convenient. The RNGM continued to assemble in April or May, with training often held in the deer park of Earl Bathurst 's Cirencester Park , sometimes brigaded with the local Volunteers . Although often referred to as brigades, the sub-districts were purely administrative organisations, but in a continuation of

7938-471: The War Office from that time onwards. Under the reforms introduced by Secretary of State for War Hugh Childers in 1881, the remaining militia infantry regiments were redesignated as numbered battalions of regiments of the line, ranking after the two regular battalions. Typically, an English, Welsh or Scottish regiment would have two militia battalions (the 3rd and 4th) and Irish regiments three (numbered 3rd – 5th). The militia must not be confused with

8064-417: The absence of an opposition leader in parliament (i.e. in the case of a landslide victory where one party takes all 30 seats in the House of Assembly, as occurred in 2018 and 2022) the president will then appoint the remaining two senators in the opposition's stead allowing for 9 independents instead. The House of Assembly (lower house) is made up of 30 members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on

8190-428: The aftermath of the Munich Crisis Leslie Hore-Belisha , Secretary of State for War , wished to introduce a limited form of conscription , an unheard of concept in peacetime. It was thought that calling the conscripts 'militiamen' would make this more acceptable, as it would render them distinct from the rest of the army. Only single men aged 20–22 were to be conscripted (given a free suit of civilian clothes as well as

8316-457: The autumn it marched to Gloucestershire. The Seven Years' War ended with the Treaty of Paris on 10 February 1763 and the two battalions of Gloucestershire militia were disembodied, but not before they became separate South and North regiments on 20 April. Samuel Blackwell , who had been the major when the battalion was embodied, was commissioned as colonel of the North Gloucestershire Fusiliers, and Cirencester became its headquarters. After

8442-429: The autumn it was sent to camp at Pett Castle and employed in digging anti-invasion trenches (the forerunners of the Royal Military Canal ). On 31 October it marched to winter quarters at Steyning Castle, with lookout points on Chanctonbury and Wolstonbury Hills . In the spring of 1805, with Napoleon 's ' Army of England ' assembling at Boulogne , intensive training in light infantry tactics and brigade manoeuvres

8568-449: The balloted recruits from Gloucestershire. In Sussex anti-smuggling patrols and harvesting were among the duties carried out. In the spring of 1809 the regiment marched back to Bristol. Guard duties at Stapleton Prison were resumed, apart from a march to quell a disturbance among the Herefordshire Local Militia. The RNGM also provided another large draft of 209 volunteers in 1809, mainly to the 9th Foot, and another 63 in 1810. On 2 July 1811

8694-426: The counties failed to meet their quotas). Training was for 56 days on enlistment, then for 21–28 days per year, during which the men received full army pay. Under the Act, Militia units could be embodied by Royal Proclamation for full-time service in three circumstances: The quota for Gloucestershire was set at 1993 men and the Lord Lieutenant was instructed to recruit the two moribund regiments up to this strength over

8820-430: The creation of legislation. Elections to Dáil Éireann are held at least every five years using the single transferable vote; while elections to Seanad Éireann are restricted to members of both houses, elected members of local authorities, and alumni of National University of Ireland colleges. Eleven senators are nominated directly by the Taoiseach . A Member of Dáil Éireann is known as a Teachta Dála (TD) or "Deputy to

8946-449: The day on which it first met." ( Dissolution and Calling of Parliament Act 2022 ). A candidate to become an MP must be a British or Irish or Commonwealth citizen, be at least 18 years of age (reduced from 21 in 2006), and not be a public official or officeholder, as set out in the schedule to the Electoral Administration Act 2006 . Technically, MPs have no right to resign their seats (though they may refuse to seek re-election). However

9072-809: The direct successor of a pre-Independence body known as the "Legislative Council"—comprises 21 senators appointed by the president. The President appoints 12 Senators on the advice of the Prime Minister and two on the advice of the Leader of the Opposition.The remaining seven Senators are nominated by the President at their discretion (that is, the President is not bound by other political leaders' advice in these appointments) to represent various religious, social, economic, or other interests in Barbados. In

9198-563: The drummers wore red faced with blue, appropriate for 'Royal' regiments, which did not reverse their colours. The regimental facings changed to white when the RNGM became a battalion of the Gloucesters, and the uniform thereafter was the same as the Regulars. A shoulder belt plate dated between 1776 and 1795 consists of a brass oval with the inscription GLOUCESTERSHIRE FUZILEERS round a crude eight-pointed star. An early pewter button bears

9324-400: The elected House of Representatives, which has 41 members elected for a five-year term in single-seat constituencies, and the Senate which has 31 members appointed by the president: 16 government senators appointed on the advice of the prime minister, 6 opposition senators appointed on the advice of the leader of the opposition and 9 independent senators appointed by

9450-551: The embodiment, but died in 1794 and Maj Robert Kingscote of Kingscote Park (whose father had been also major of the regiment) was rapidly promoted to colonel of the North Gloucestershire Militia on 31 March 1794, and given that rank in the army for the duration of the embodiment. After assembling at Cirencester the regiment marched to Devon, where it spent the summer at Dartmouth and then at Roborough Camp at Plymouth. It wintered at Barnstaple , then spent

9576-607: The end of the year it supplied two complete (six officers and 201 men) to the 56th Foot, followed by another 20 in March 1814. The draft for the 56th served in the Siege of Bergen op Zoom . After Napoleon 's exile to Elba the Militia began to be disembodied in June 1814. The RNGM left Dublin in August and arrived at Liverpool on 2 September. It marched to Cirencester where it was disembodied on 18 September. Unlike some militia regiments, it

9702-628: The formation of the Irish Free State in 1922 and subsequently in the Republic of Ireland , the legislature of Ireland is known as the Oireachtas , and consists of the president; the upper house, Seanad Éireann (or Senate); and lower house, Dáil Éireann (Assembly, or House of Representatives). They are functionally similar to other bicameral parliaments, with the lower house being significantly more influential and having more power over

9828-585: The greatest number of representatives in both houses. The person which secures the support of more than half the seats in the Lok Sabha forms the Government . To form the government, parties may form a coalition. The term of a member of the Rajya Sabha is six years, while Lok Sabha members are elected for a term of five years, unless the house is dissolved sooner. Rajya Sabha is a permanent house that

9954-710: The international crisis that led to the Russo-Turkish War ; the Militia Reserve were also called out during this crisis. The Childers Reforms of 1881 took Cardwell's reforms further, with the linked regiments becoming two-battalion regiments and the militia formally joining as their 3rd and 4th Battalions. The 28th and 61st Foot became the Gloucestershire Regiment ('The Glosters') and the RNGM became its 4th Battalion on 1 July 1881. The battalion carried out no training in 1896 because of

10080-481: The island. The 4th Gloucesters embarked on SS Gothic at Queenstown on 2 April 1900 and sailed via Gibraltar , arriving at St Helena on 21 April. The battalion was stationed at the POW camp established at Deadwood Plain, with a second camp opened later at Broad Bottom. Also among the guards were regulars of the 1st and 2nd Gloucesters, and 117 militiamen of the 3rd Gloucesters who had volunteered for service. According to

10206-470: The lettering N/GLOS. Buttons from 1840 had the letters N.G. within a crowned star. The men's shako plates of 1844–55 had the Royal Cypher within a circle inscribed ROYAL NORTH GLOUCESTERSHIRE MILITIA; the same design was used on the officers' waistbelt plates of 1855–81. The men's forage cap badge of 1874–81 had the letters RNGM within a crowned laurel wreath. The first Regimental Colour was blue with

10332-402: The men found that a daily food allowance of five pence did not go far when the price of provisions rose, and some units were involved in food riots. While stationed at Portsmouth the men of the Gloucestershire Militia forced the local butchers to lower their prices. As the invasion threat grew in 1796 the Militia was doubled in size: Gloucestershire had to find an additional 1757 militiamen for

10458-406: The men were actually called out. Col Blackwell died in 1785 and was succeeded in command by Lt-Col Winchcombe Henry Hartley , MP (who later married Blackwell's daughter). In view of the worsening international situation the militia was embodied for service in 1792, even though Revolutionary France did not declare war on Britain until 1 February 1793. Winchcombe Hartley was promoted to colonel on

10584-401: The militia was often a 'back door' route to a Regular Army commission for young men who could not obtain one through purchase or gain entry to Sandhurst . Under the act, Militia units could be embodied by Royal Proclamation for full-time service in three circumstances: Until 1852 the militia were an entirely infantry force, but the 1852 Act introduced Militia Artillery units whose role

10710-607: The monarch (represented by the governor-general), an appointed Senate, and an elected House of Assembly. It currently sits at Nassau, the national capital. The structure, functions, and procedures of the parliament are based on the Westminster system. In Bangladesh , a member of parliament is an individual who serves in the unicameral Jatiya Sangsad or House of the Nation. Members of the Jatiya Sangsad are elected at

10836-416: The national vote at a general election. A candidate to become an MP must be a Sri Lankan citizen and can be a holder of dual-citizenship in any other country, be at least 18 years of age, and not be a public official or officeholder. The Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago is the legislative branch of the government of Trinidad and Tobago. The Parliament is bicameral. It consists of

10962-519: The necessary physical requirements.' A further contrast was the replacement of several weeks of preliminary training with six months of full time training upon enlisting in the Special Reserve. Upon mobilisation, the special reserve units would be formed at the depot and continue training while guarding vulnerable points in Britain. The special reserve units remained in Britain throughout

11088-590: The next two years. The RNGM was summoned for its training in October that year and mustered at Cirencester under the command of Col Thomas Kingscote only 15 short of its first-year establishment of 620 men. The drill sergeants were loaned by the 35th Foot . Under the new organisation, militia regiments had an honorary colonel , but were commanded by a lieutenant-colonel. Colonel Kingscote became hon col and Lt-Col Sir Michael Hicks-Beach, 8th Baronet , MP, commanded until his death in 1854. J.W. Wallington, retired captain in

11214-550: The normal parliament and 400 in the "Great Parliament". The Great Parliament is elected when a new constitution is needed. There have been seven Great Parliaments in modern Bulgarian history , in 1879, 1881, 1886, 1893, 1911, 1946 and 1990. MPs in Bulgaria are called депутати ( deputies) . The member of parliament ( Khmer : សមាជិកសភា ) refers to the elected members of the National Assembly . There are 125 members of parliament in total. They are also alternatively called member of

11340-514: The order balloted for in 1793 (Gloucestershire was 8th) remained in force until 1802, and another drawing took place at the start of the Napoleonic War (Gloucestershire was 7th), which remained in force until 1833. In that year the King drew the ballots for individual regiments and the resulting list remained in force with minor amendments until the end of the militia; the regiments raised after

11466-574: The outbreak of the War of American Independence in 1775 a controversial Act of Parliament was passed to 'Enable His Majesty to call out and assemble the Militia in all cases of Rebellion in any part of the Dominion belonging to the Crown of Great Britain' (raising the possibility that they may have to serve in North America). In the event the militia was called out in its traditional role when Britain

11592-560: The peace of 1763 took numbers 38 upwards, the North Gloucesters becoming No 69. When the Gloucestershire Militia regiment was raised in 1761, both battalions wore red coats with blue facings. Officers wore gold lace, changed to silver in 1805 in line with normal militia practice. Drummers often wore 'reversed colours' ( ie coats of the regimental facing colour, faced red), but the two Gloucester Militia regiments appear to have clothed their drummers in white coats faced red. By 1820

11718-527: The port of embarkation later being changed to Bristol. (About 320 men were left as depot companies at Portchester Castle and Fareham Barracks.) The main body was joined by the Grenadier and Light companies from Weymouth and embarked 614-strong at Pill , near Bristol, landing at Dublin under Col Kingscote ( gazetted as a colonel in the army for the duration of the service) on 11 September before marching to Drogheda . But they had arrived too late for action,

11844-540: The position until 1933. In September 1759 it was ordered that militia regiments on service were to take precedence from the date of their arrival in camp. In 1760 this was altered to a system of drawing lots were regiments did duty together. During the War of American Independence the counties were given an order of precedence determined by ballot each year, beginning in 1778. In the French Revolutionary War

11970-484: The post who represent single-constituencies, while 50 seats are reserved exclusively for women and are allocated on a proportional basis . After an election, the Election Commission allocates reserved seats to parties based on the number of general seats they won. A party then presents a list of candidates, each requiring a presenter and a seconder. If the number of candidates presented and seats allocated

12096-522: The president of Malta and the House of Representatives of 69 members (article 51 of the Constitution), referred to as "members of Parliament" (article 52(1) of the Constitution). When appointed from outside the House, the speaker is also considered a member of the Parliament. The Constitution lists the qualifications and disqualifications from serving as a member of Parliament. Privileges of members of Parliament and their Code of Ethics are laid out in

12222-461: The president to represent other sectors of civil society. The United Kingdom elects members of its parliament: and four devolved legislatures: MPs are elected in general elections and by-elections to represent constituencies , and may remain MPs until Parliament is dissolved. "If it has not been dissolved earlier, a Parliament dissolves at the beginning of the day that is the fifth anniversary of

12348-407: The prime minister and eight on the advice of the leader of the opposition. The House of Representatives, the lower house, is made up of 63 (previously 60) members of Parliament, elected to five-year terms on a first-past-the-post basis in single-seat constituencies. The National Assembly of Kenya has a total of 349 seats; 205 members are elected from the constituencies , 47 women are elected from

12474-587: The regiment instructed by a Royal Artillery sergeant and two gunners. From Coxheath the regiment marched in November 1779 to Gravesend and then to the villages round Foots Cray before wintering at Cirencester. It spent the summer of 1780 in Somerset and Devonshire , wintering at Wells , where its duties included assisting the Revenue officers. In the summer of 1781 the regiment, 420 strong, formed part of

12600-520: The regiment left Bristol under orders for Dartford , but it was diverted to Sandhurst Camp, where the men spent three months under canvas working on the buildings of the new Royal Military College . A detachment remained in huts at Sandhurst into the winter while the rest of the regiment was quartered in Guildford , then to Horsham from January 1812. With another draft of 77 men called for in 1812, recruiting parties were finding it difficult to refill

12726-538: The regiment was badly hit by sickness: from a strength of 424 men in June, the North battalion only 195 on parade on 5 October, and by the end of the season the regiment was down to about 100 fit men. Colonel Berkeley had huts built by the regimental pioneers to house the sick men. In November the North battalion was back to a strength of about 352. By then the battalion was stationed at Bideford guarding French prisoners-of-war . It returned to Winchester in June 1762, then in

12852-603: The regiment was moved to the Royal Barracks, Dublin . After a short period of garrison duty it left Dublin on 8 May 1858 aboard the Pacific for passage back to Bristol. The regiment was disembodied at Cirencester on 18 May 1858. Thereafter the RNGM resumed the routine of annual training. Cecily Hill Barracks was built for the regiment in Cirencester in 1854–6 by Thomas Fulljames and Frederick S. Waller . Under

12978-447: The regiment's ranks. The RNGM spent another summer working at Sandhurst, then in November it marched back to Bristol. In 1811 an Act had been passed permitting the interchange of militia regiments between English and Irish militia regiments for up to two years, the volunteers receiving a bounty. The RNGM had volunteered at the time, but it was not called for until 1813. It embarked from Bristol on 18 June that year, and served at Dublin. At

13104-535: The regular forces. Volunteer Corps required recruits to fund their own equipment, however, effectively barring those with low incomes. The militia was transformed into the Special Reserve by the military reforms of Haldane in the reforming post 1906 Liberal government. In 1908 the militia infantry battalions were redesignated as "reserve" and a number were amalgamated or disbanded. Altogether, 101 infantry battalions, 33 artillery regiments and two engineer regiments of special reservists were formed. In contrast with

13230-410: The second or North Battalion had only gathered two companies but it was formally raised with seven companies at Cirencester on 22 August 1760, despite riots in the town against the ballot. It was embodied on 9 April 1761 under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas, 6th Viscount Tracy and designated as Fusiliers . Both battalions were camped together at Winchester during the summer of 1761. Here

13356-404: The soldier serving in the militia, those who served under Special Reserve terms of service had an obligation to serve overseas, as stipulated in paragraph 54. The standards of medical fitness were lower than for recruits to the regular infantry. The possibility of enlisting in the army under Regular terms of service were facilitated under paragraph 38, one precondition was that the recruit 'fulfils

13482-492: The state legislatures and 9 belongs to the union territories of Delhi , Puducherry , and Jammu and Kashmir , and are elected by using the single transferable vote method of proportional representation . The remaining 12 members are nominated by the president for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. Each state has a fixed number of representatives allocated in each chamber, in order of their respective populations. The state of Uttar Pradesh has

13608-579: The summer of 1779 it was at Coxheath Camp near Maidstone in Kent . Coxheath was the army's largest training camp, where the Militia were exercised as part of a division alongside Regular troops while providing a reserve in case of French invasion of South East England. The North Gloucesters formed part of the Left Wing under Major-General Hall. At Warley and Coxheath each battalion had two small field-pieces or 'battalion guns' attached to it, manned by men of

13734-500: The summer of 1794 at Totnes and the autumn at Berry Head Camp. After wintering at Totnes the North Gloucesters marched in June 1795 to South Down Camp near Weymouth, Dorset . Both Gloucestershire regiments were stationed here while King George III stayed at Weymouth. In August he granted them both the title 'Royal', but the Royal North Gloucester (RNGM) lost its 'Fusiliers' distinction the following year. During

13860-527: The takeover of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in August 2021, a member of parliament (MP) was a member of the lower house of the bicameral National Assembly of Afghanistan : a member of the Wolesi Jirga (House of People) held one of the in total 250 seats in the lower house. The 102 members of the upper house Meshrano Jirga (House of Elders) were called Senators. A member of Parliament

13986-793: The term (often a translation) for representatives in parliamentary democracies that do not follow the Westminster system and who are usually referred to in a different fashion, such as deputé in France, deputato in Italy, deputat in Bulgaria, parlamentario or diputado in Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin America, deputado in Portugal and Brazil, and Mitglied des Bundestages (MdB) in Germany. However, better translations are often possible. Prior to

14112-467: The two field guns with which regiments in Southern District were equipped. There was another invasion scare in 1801 – the RNGM's alarm post was in front of the barracks at Dover Castle – but this passed in October, and a peace treaty having been agreed (the Treaty of Amiens ), the militia were disembodied in 1802. The peacetime quota for Gloucestershire was set at 1163 militiamen. begun. But

14238-595: The unit, second-in-command until 1861, in command thereafter: Allen Bathurst was commissioned as an ensign in the Royal South Gloucester Light Infantry on 16 May 1851, beginning a long family association with the Gloucester Militia. He was promoted to lieutenant on 4 May 1853. and then to captain in the RNGM on 10 November 1854. He was elected MP for Cirencester in 1857. During the invasion scare of 1859–60 he raised

14364-501: The volunteer units created in a wave of enthusiasm in the second half of the nineteenth century. In contrast with the Volunteer Force , and the similar Yeomanry Cavalry, they were considered rather plebeian. Volunteer units appealed to better-off recruits as, unlike the Militia which engaged a recruit for a term of service, a volunteer could quit his corps with fourteen days notice, except while embodied for war or training with

14490-567: The whole of Gibraltar as their constituency. A member of Parliament is a member of either of the two houses of the Indian Parliament : Lok Sabha (lower house) and Rajya Sabha (upper house). Lok Sabha has 543 seats, all of whom are directly elected by the citizens of India from each parliamentary constituency of states and union territories via first-past-the-post voting . Rajya Sabha can have 245 members, of which 238 members are indirectly elected. Of these 238 members, 229 belong to

14616-488: Was an urgent request for volunteers to transfer to Line regiments, and a draft of three sergeants and 174 men from the RNGM joined the 9th Foot, serving with it through the Peninsular war . In October the RNGM marched to Bognor Barracks for its winter quarters, but an outbreak of disease led to it moving back to Steyning, and then to Littlehampton and Worthing . During the winter the RNGM was brought back to strength by

14742-618: Was at Ashford Barracks and then moved back to Weymouth for the summer. It remained with four companies there and four at Poole until June 1799 when it was moved to Winchester Barracks, and subsequently to Portsmouth. After the Irish Rebellion of 1798 broke out the eight companies of the Royal North Gloucesters at Portsea Barracks volunteered for service there on 2 September. They were immediately ordered to make all haste from to Liverpool to embark for Dublin ,

14868-479: Was carried out. On 30 May the RNGM began a march from Steyning to Bristol where, with 610 men in 10 companies under Lt-Col Henry Howard, the regiment was part of a brigade under Maj-Gen Josiah Champagné . At Bristol the main militia duty was guarding prisoners-of-war at Stapleton Prison . The RNGM stayed at Bristol until 31 March 1807, when it marched out to Plymouth, where it was stationed at Stonehouse Barracks and continued prisoner-of-war guard duty. In August there

14994-479: Was disembodied there on 12 June. After this period of service there was no annual training in the spring of 1857, but the RNGM was called out again when large numbers of Regular troops were sent to quell the Indian Mutiny . It was embodied on 3 November 1857 and entrained for Birkenhead where it boarded the steamers Trafalgar and Prince for Dublin, then travelled by train to Athlone . On 14 January 1858

15120-549: Was immediately succeeded in command by his nephew and heir, Thomas Henry Kingscote, formerly of the 2nd Life Guards . The national Militia of the United Kingdom was revived by the Militia Act 1852 , enacted during a period of international tension. As before, units were raised and administered on a county basis, and filled by voluntary enlistment (although conscription by means of the Militia Ballot might be used if

15246-515: Was long established in England and its legal basis was updated by two acts of 1557 ( 4 & 5 Ph. & M. cc. 2 and 3), which placed selected men, the ' trained bands ', under the command of Lords Lieutenant appointed by the monarch. This is seen as the starting date for the organised county militia in England. The Gloucestershire Trained Bands were called out in the Armada year of 1588, and again

15372-607: Was not called out again during the short Waterloo campaign . Although officers continued to be commissioned into the militia and ballots were still held, the men were rarely assembled for training during the 'Long Peace' after Waterloo. The RNGM met at Cirencester for four weeks' training in May or June in 1820, 1821 and 1825 nad in autumn 1831. The permanent staff was reduced to nine in 1829, and after 1846 vacancies among them were not filled. Col Robert Kingscote died in February 1840 and

15498-566: Was one of the first counties to meet the bulk of its quota (encompassing the vestiges of the old regiments) and was ready to issue them with arms on 15 May 1759. A train of waggons carrying arms and accoutrements for the regiment left the Tower of London on 22 May. The first or South battalion of the regiment was embodied for permanent duty at Gloucester on 27 July with eight companies under the command of Colonel Norborne Berkeley , who became Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire in 1762. At that time

15624-473: Was threatened with invasion by the Americans' allies, France and Spain. The North Regiment was embodied in March 1778 under Col Blackwell (by now MP for Cirencester), who was granted the same rank in the army on 2 July 1779. After three months at Cirencester the regiment marched to Essex where it was encamped at Warley Heath in during the summer of 1778. It returned to Cirencester for the winter, and in

15750-647: Was to man coastal defences and fortifications, relieving the Royal Artillery for active service. Some of these units were converted from existing infantry militia regiments, others were newly raised. In 1877 the militia of Anglesey and Monmouthshire were converted to Royal Engineers . Up to 1855, the Home Office administered the Militia and Yeomanry, until such time as they were Embodied. The resultant ‘confusion and inconvenience’ it caused, from 1854 to 1855, resulted in being administered exclusively by

15876-476: Was to provide reinforcement drafts for Regular units serving overseas in wartime (similar to the former Militia Reserve). While the former RSGLI became the 3rd (Reserve) Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment , the 4th Bn was disbanded on 31 July despite its greater numerical strength and stronger record of embodiments and overseas service. The following served as Colonel or Honorary Colonel of the unit after its establishment in 1761: The following served as Lt-Col of

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