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85-604: In 1920, prior to the 1946 founding of the Nashville Symphony, a group of amateur and professional musicians established an orchestral ensemble in Nashville, electing Nashville Banner music critic and Vanderbilt University professor George Pullen Jackson to serve as their president and manager. Despite steady growth over the next decade, that organization fell victim to The Depression . In 1945, World War II veteran and Nashville native Walter Sharp returned home from

170-466: A chord , what intervals were, and I had zero keyboard skills. I basically started from the very, very beginning. Most of the people I started school with were far more advanced than I was, and I had an extraordinary amount of catching up to do." Despite these challenges, she established herself as a hard worker and a resilient student, even when she faced discouragement from some professors. During her time at Bowling Green, she wrote her first composition,

255-607: A decrease in blood volume and fluid loss outside the vascular bed as a key factor in traumatic shock and pioneered the use of replacement fluids for its treatment. This treatment saved countless lives in World War II, during which Vanderbilt was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission. German biophysicist Max Delbrück joined

340-697: A large impact on American thought and letters: the Fugitives and the Agrarians . Meanwhile, Frank C. Rand , who served as the President and later Chairman of the International Shoe Company , donated US$ 150,000 to the university in 1925; Rand Hall was subsequently named for him. In 1928, the construction of three more buildings was completed: Garland Hall, named for Chancellor Landon Garland; Buttrick Hall, named for Wallace Buttrick of

425-475: A libretto by Gene Scheer . It was co-commissioned by The Santa Fe Opera and Opera Philadelphia and premiered in Santa Fe in 2015. Her works have been recorded on more than four dozen CDs. Her most popular work is blue cathedral , a one-movement tone poem which she wrote in memory of her brother, who died of cancer in 1998. Premiered in 2000, it has since been performed by more than 400 orchestras around

510-541: A quasi-mystical experience by the addition of bells and chimes." Among less favorable assessments, Andrew Clements in the Guardian gave a CD of Higdon's music a minimal one-star rating. He referred to the music as "American contemporary music at its most vacuous, a noisy mishmash". Tom Service , also in the Guardian also criticized Higdon's Concerto For Orchestra . He wrote: "The problem with Higdon's piece ...

595-658: A railroad executive. He is the namesake of the annual Cole Lecture; his marble bust and his wife's portrait can be seen in Kirkland Hall. His son, Whitefoord Russell Cole , who was the chairman of the Board of Trust from 1915 to 1934, defended Chancellor Kirkland's decision to split with the Methodist Church. He is the namesake of Cole Hall, completed in 1949. In the 1920s and 1930s, Vanderbilt University hosted two partly overlapping groups of scholars who had

680-580: A student-led drive to retire Wallace's jersey finally succeeded. In 1964, Vanderbilt held its first IMPACT Symposium, which has since become a university tradition of hosting speakers in a multi-day annual symposium to discuss current events and topics of a controversial nature. Participants have included Martin Luther King Jr. , Allen Ginsberg , Stokely Carmichael , Strom Thurmond , Robert F. Kennedy , Margaret Thatcher , Madeleine Albright , Vicente Fox , Ehud Barak , and multiple Presidents of

765-525: A two-minute piece for flute and piano named Night Creatures . Of playing in the university orchestra, she has said: "Because I came to classical music very differently than most people, the newer stuff had more appeal for me than the older." While at Bowling Green, she met Robert Spano , who was teaching a conducting course there and who became one of the champions of Higdon's music in the American orchestral community. Higdon earned an Artist's Diploma from

850-477: Is decidedly sectional, but tends to have a natural flow – melodies often carry over bar lines, creating some motivic and sectional ambiguity. Many of her works begin with a sparse orchestration, and build in performing forces as a piece continues, creating variety and interest throughout a given piece of music. Higdon does not intentionally compose with a form in mind, but allows the music to unfold naturally. The League of American Orchestras reported Higdon as one of

935-502: Is one of the most selective universities in the United States. In 2015, Vanderbilt was ranked fifth overall and fourth among private universities in enrollment of National Merit Scholars. In its most recent annual comparison of admissions selectivity, The Princeton Review gave Vanderbilt a rating of 99 out of 99. The class of 2023 included 231 National Merit Scholars and 116 valedictorians or salutatorians . Additionally,

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1020-566: Is speculation that the school initially intended to rebuild both towers of the original Kirkland Hall but lacked the funds to do so. Many of the university's early leaders had prominent ties to slavery and the Confederacy before the Civil War. Frank Vanderbilt was "a Confederate sympathizer" during the Civil War. McTyeire was born into a slave-owning family and authored an essay in favor of slavery. Garland owned "up to 60 slaves" before

1105-518: Is that its flamboyant gestures ... function only as surface effects, without creating any real structural momentum." Similarly, though in a more positive review, Raymond Tuttle wrote that "even though the Concerto for Orchestra is not remarkable for its melodic content, there is so much color and brilliance in Higdon's writing ... that few listeners will notice." Higdon received awards from

1190-571: The Times Higher Education 2016 World University Rankings, Vanderbilt is 87th. The 2023 QS World University Rankings ranked Vanderbilt 199th in the world. Human Resources & Labor Review , a national human competitiveness index & analysis, ranked the university as one of 50 Best World Universities in 2011. Poets & Writers ranked Vanderbilt's English Department's MFA Program in Creative Writing 18th among

1275-515: The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation . Vanderbilt University Vanderbilt University (informally Vandy or VU ) is a private research university in Nashville, Tennessee , United States. Founded in 1873, it was named in honor of shipping and railroad magnate Cornelius Vanderbilt , who provided the school its initial $ 1 million endowment in the hopes that his gift and the greater work of

1360-759: The College of Arts and Science , the School of Engineering , Peabody College of Education and Human Development , and Blair School of Music . The university also has six graduate and professional schools, including the Divinity School , Graduate School , Law School , School of Medicine , School of Nursing , and Owen Graduate School of Management . As of 2021, Vanderbilt has a student-to-faculty ratio of 8:1. The university's undergraduate programs are highly selective: in 2022, Vanderbilt's acceptance rate and yield rate were 6.1% and 52.3%, respectively. Vanderbilt

1445-544: The Curtis Institute of Music , where she studied with David Loeb and Ned Rorem and taught the future virtuoso Hilary Hahn . She continued to demonstrate her fortitude and dedication by persevering despite a few graduate rejection letters. She eventually obtained both a Master of Arts and a PhD in composition from the University of Pennsylvania under the tutelage of George Crumb . From 1994 to 2021, Higdon

1530-562: The General Education Board ; and Calhoun Hall, named for William Henry Calhoun , a silversmith and Odd Fellows Grand Master. In 1933, the United Daughters of the Confederacy donated $ 50,000 (roughly $ 925,166 in 2015 dollars ) for the construction of Confederate Memorial Hall , designed by architect Henry C. Hibbs . It was completed in 1935. In the 1930s, Ernest William Goodpasture and his colleagues in

1615-511: The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Classical Composition three times. The first was in 2010 for her Percussion Concerto . The second was in 2018 for her Viola Concerto . That concerto was part of an album dedicated to her music on the Naxos label, Higdon: All Things Majestic, Viola Concerto, and Oboe Concerto , which also won the 2018 Grammy for Best Classical Compendium. The third

1700-796: The Guggenheim Foundation , the American Academy of Arts & Letters (two awards), the Pew Fellowship in the Arts, Meet-the-Composer, the National Endowment for the Arts, and ASCAP. In addition she has received grants from the Pennsylvania Council on the Arts. Higdon has been a featured composer at festivals including Grand Teton, Tanglewood , Vail, Norfolk, Winnipeg and Cabrillo. She has won

1785-416: The School of Medicine invented methods for cultivating viruses and rickettsiae in fertilized chicken eggs. This work made possible the production of vaccines against chicken pox , smallpox , yellow fever , typhus , Rocky mountain spotted fever and other diseases caused by agents that only propagate in living cells. Alfred Blalock , Professor of Surgery, and his assistant Vivian Thomas identified

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1870-694: The Tennessee Centennial and International Exposition , a statue of Cornelius Vanderbilt, designed by Italian sculptor Giuseppe Moretti , was moved from the grounds of the Parthenon to the Vanderbilt campus. In 1905, Main Building (Kirkland Hall), which originally had two Victorian towers, burnt down and was rebuilt in an Italianate design with a single 170-foot tower after the university received donations totaling over $ 50,000. There

1955-591: The Tennessee Performing Arts Center . Beginning in 1983, Music Director and Principal Conductor Kenneth Schermerhorn led the Nashville Symphony for 22 years, until his death in April 2005. The orchestra's profile increased during his tenure through recordings, television broadcasts and an East Coast tour, which culminated in a performance at Carnegie Hall on September 25, 2000. Following Schermerhorn's death, in April 2006, Leonard Slatkin

2040-699: The periodic table of elements with the symbol Ts, collaborating with the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Moscow Oblast , Russia and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory . It was officially named after the state of Tennessee by the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics in 2016. The university's research record is blemished, however, by a study university researchers, in conjunction with

2125-709: The 14th best college in America, and the 16th hardest college to get into in America. In the 2024 graduate program rankings, U.S. News & World Report ranked the Peabody College of Education the 5th best national school of education, the Vanderbilt University Law School the 19th best national law school, the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine the 5th best national research-oriented medical school,

2210-716: The 1960s. It was not until high school that she joined concert band, where she began playing percussion . At about the same time, she picked up a flute her mother had bought, and she began teaching herself to play using an old flute method book. She played flute in her high school's concert band and percussion in marching band, but heard little classical music before her college years. She studied flute performance at Bowling Green State University with Judith Bentley, who encouraged her to explore composition. Because of her lack of formal training at an early age, Higdon struggled to catch up early in her college career. She said of beginning college, "I didn't know any basic theory, how to spell

2295-631: The 2010 Pulitzer Prize for Music for her Violin Concerto and three Grammy Awards for Best Contemporary Classical Composition for her Percussion Concerto in 2010, Viola Concerto in 2018, and Harp Concerto in 2020. Elected a Member of the American Philosophical Society in 2019, she was a professor of composition at the Curtis Institute of Music from 1994 to 2021. Higdon was born in Brooklyn, New York . She spent

2380-471: The Arts grants supporting its commitment to American music. The orchestra's recordings have also earned a number of Grammy Awards and nominations (see Recordings below). In March 2019, the orchestra announced the appointment of Enrico Lopez-Yañez as Principal Pops Conductor of the Nashville Symphony after serving as the assistant conductor since 2017. In June 2020, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic,

2465-543: The Board of Trust voted to limit Methodist representation on the board to just five bishops. Former faculty member and bishop Elijah Hoss led a group attempting to assert Methodist control. In 1910, the board refused to seat three Methodist bishops. The Methodist Church took the issue to court and won at the local level. On March 21, 1914, the Tennessee Supreme Court ruled that the Commodore, and not

2550-659: The Board of Trustees approved a recommendation from Chancellor Branscomb to admit African Americans in all of the university's educational schools. The first black undergraduates entered the school in the fall of 1964. The university drew national attention in 1966 when it recruited Perry Wallace , the first African American to play varsity basketball in the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Wallace, from Nashville, played varsity basketball for Vanderbilt from 1967 to 1970, and faced considerable opposition from segregationists when playing at other SEC venues. In 2004,

2635-788: The Burlington Plantation. In 2015, Vanderbilt opened a new innovation center, the Wond'ry, as part of its Academic Strategic Plan. The three-story, 13,000-square foot building is meant to serve as an interdisciplinary hub of knowledge for the Vanderbilt community, serving as the location of hackathons , partnerships with the Nashville Entrepreneurship Center, and several social venture programs. In April 2024, Vanderbilt University students joined other campuses in support of Palestine by setting up an encampment on campus. The protestors demanded that

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2720-540: The Center for Intelligent Mechatronics at Vanderbilt began testing a powered exoskeleton intended to assist paraplegics , stroke victims and other paralyzed or semi-paralyzed people to walk independently. The Vanderbilt exoskeleton received funding from Parker Hannifin Corporation in 2012 and has since gone to market internationally. Vanderbilt is a discovering institution of tennessine , atomic number 117 on

2805-490: The Civil War. One of the founding trustees, Hezekiah William Foote , was a Confederate veteran and the owner of four plantations in Mississippi , including Mount Holly . The Treasurer of the Board of Trust from 1872 to 1875, Alexander Little Page Green , whose portrait hangs in Kirkland Hall, was a Methodist preacher and a former slave owner. His son-in-law, Robert A. Young , was a Methodist minister who served as

2890-662: The Department of Physics in 1940, and in the following year, he met Italian microbiologist Salvador Luria . In 1942, they published on bacterial resistance to virus infection mediated by random mutation . The culminating Luria–Delbrück experiment , also called the Fluctuation Test, demonstrated that Darwin's theory of natural selection acting on random mutations applies to bacteria as well as to more complex organisms. The 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

2975-666: The Financial Secretary on the Board of Trust from 1874 to 1882, retiring from the board in 1902. The Elliston family, who owned slaves, donated some of their Burlington Plantation , in one of the first expansions of the campus. During the first 40 years, the Board of Trust, and therefore the university, was under the control of the General Conference (the governing body) of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South . Tension grew between

3060-416: The Methodist Church, was the university's founder and that the board could therefore seat whomever it wished. The General Conference in 1914 voted 151 to 140 to sever its ties with Vanderbilt; it also voted to establish a new university, Southern Methodist University , and to greatly expand Emory University . Colonel Edmund William Cole , the treasurer of the Board of Trust, was a Confederate veteran and

3145-526: The Nashville Symphony's mission for much of its existence. Early in the orchestra's history, ensembles of musicians visited local schools. The orchestra has also offered free concerts for Nashville-area students since at least the 1970s. Most recently, the orchestra launched the Accelerando program, which is designed to create opportunities for young musicians from ethnic communities underrepresented in American orchestras. The program has received funding from

3230-449: The Naxos label, the orchestra has made more than 30 recordings since the year 2000. Several of these CDs have garnered a total of 26 Grammy Award nominations and 14 Grammy Awards. In 2008, the orchestra's CD of the music of Joan Tower , Made in America, won 3 Grammy Awards, including Best Orchestral Performance and Best Classical Album. In 2011, the orchestra's CD of music by Michael Daugherty , "Deus Ex Machina," won 3 Grammy Awards, and

3315-663: The Owen Graduate School of Management was ranked 25th by Bloomberg Businessweek among full-time MBA programs. The Academic Ranking of World Universities ranks Vanderbilt as the 64th-best university in the world. Additionally the ARWU Field rankings in 2022 placed Vanderbilt as fourth best in the world for Education and Library & Information Science, 14th in Law, and 20th in Political Science. In

3400-701: The Peabody campus to Memorial Hall. Nationwide attention resulted, in part due to a lawsuit by the Tennessee chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy. The Davidson County Chancery Court dismissed the lawsuit in 2003, but the Tennessee Court of Appeals ruled in May 2005 that the university must pay damages based on the present value of the United Daughters of the Confederacy's contribution if

3485-1330: The Philadelphia Orchestra, the Cleveland Orchestra , the Chicago Symphony , the Atlanta Symphony , the National Symphony , the Minnesota Orchestra , the Pittsburgh Symphony , the Indianapolis Symphony , and the Dallas Symphony . Conductors who worked extensively with her include Christoph Eschenbach , Marin Alsop , Leonard Slatkin , and Giancarlo Guerrero . She has written works for soloists including baritone Thomas Hampson , pianists Yuja Wang and Gary Graffman , violinists Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg , Jennifer Koh and Hilary Hahn . She wrote her first opera based on Charles Frazier's 1997 novel, Cold Mountain with

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3570-594: The South and 10% from outside of the United States. As of 2022, the incoming undergraduate class was 49% male and 51% female. Moreover, 12.7% of the class was classified as Hispanic, 11.9% Black or African American, 16.9% Asian, 6% other/two or more races, and 10.4% international. 88% of Vanderbilt's students graduate in four years and 93% within six years. 97% of first-years return for their second year. Vanderbilt lets undergraduates choose among 70 majors , or create their own, in its four undergraduate schools and colleges:

3655-489: The Tennessee Department of Health, conducted on iron metabolism during pregnancy in the 1940s. Between 1945 and 1949, over 800 pregnant women were given radioactive iron. Standards of informed consent for research subjects were not rigorously enforced at that time, and many of the women were not informed of the potential risks. The injections were later suspected to have caused cancer in at least three of

3740-619: The United States. In March 1978, Vanderbilt hosted the South African tennis team in Memorial Gymnasium for the Davis Cup . The match was disrupted by anti-apartheid protesters who chanted "Don't play with apartheid", and a copy editor for The Tennessean was removed by police. In 1979, Vanderbilt acquired Peabody College , then called the "George Peabody College for Teachers", residing on 53 acres adjacent to

3825-579: The Vanderbilt Board of Trust, especially James Geddes Stahlman , a Trustee and the influential editor of the local newspaper, Branscomb expelled Divinity student James Lawson . Lawson was a Congress of Racial Equality leader who organized sit-ins in defiance of Nashville's segregation laws. A dozen faculty members resigned in protest. Branscomb later re-examined his decision, regretting he did not consider referring it to committee to delay action for three months until Lawson's graduation. The school

3910-461: The Vanderbilt University School of Nursing the 4th best national nursing school, the School of Engineering the 41st best national engineering school, and the Owen Graduate School of Management the 20th best national business school. Additionally, U.S. News & World Report ranked Vanderbilt 1st in the nation in the fields of special education, educational administration, and audiology . In 2024,

3995-431: The children who were born to these mothers. In 1998, the university settled a class action lawsuit with the mothers and surviving children for $ 10.3 million. Vanderbilt consistently ranks among the top universities in the United States. In the 2023 edition of 'Best National Universities' by U.S. News & World Report , Vanderbilt ranked 13th in a tie with Brown University. In 2024, Niche ranked Vanderbilt

4080-537: The class had standardized test scores that were well above average: the interquartile range (25th percentile – 75th percentile) of SAT scores was 1460–1560, while the interquartile range of ACT scores was 33–35. For students of the class of 2016 whose schools reported exact class rankings, 93% ranked in the top 10% of their class. According to the National Science Foundation , Vanderbilt spent $ 1 billion on research and development in 2021, ranking it 24th among American universities. In 2013, Vanderbilt University

4165-423: The eighth-best value university in the nation. Vanderbilt is ranked the 98th best university in the world in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings . Reuters ranked it the 19th most innovative university in the world. Jennifer Higdon Jennifer Elaine Higdon (born December 31, 1962 ) is an American composer of contemporary classical music . She has received many awards , including

4250-421: The ensuing five seasons, Strickland was responsible for setting the high performance standards that the orchestra and its conductors have maintained to this day. Guy Taylor (1951–1959), Willis Page (1959–1967), Thor Johnson (1967–1975) and Michael Charry (1976–1982) were successive music directors. During Charry's tenure, the symphony moved its subscription series from War Memorial Auditorium to Jackson Hall in

4335-492: The fall of 1875, about 200 students enrolled at Vanderbilt, and in October the university was dedicated. Bishop McTyeire was named chairman of the Board of Trust for life by Vanderbilt as a stipulation of his endowment. McTyeire named Landon Garland (1810–1895), his mentor from Randolph-Macon College , as chancellor . Garland shaped the school's structure and hired the school's faculty. Most of this faculty left after disputes with Bishop McTyeire, including over pay rates. When

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4420-624: The first 10 years of her life in Atlanta, Georgia before moving to Seymour, Tennessee . Her father, Charles Higdon, was a painter and made efforts to expose his children to different types of art. He took them to various exhibitions of new and experimental art that gave her her earliest exposure to art and helped her to form an idea of what art was. She also developed an interest in photography and writing at an early age. Despite her early introduction to art, she received very little exposure to classical music in her home. Instead, her early musical education came from listening to rock and folk music from

4505-449: The first fraternity chapter, Phi Delta Theta , was established on campus in 1876, it was shut down by the faculty, only to be reestablished as a secret society in 1877. In 1880, Old Gym , a Victorian building designed by Peter J. Williamson , was completed and became the university's first gymnasium. By 1883, the Board of Trust passed a resolution allowing fraternities on campus, and more chapters were established in 1884. Following

4590-401: The first women graduated as engineers. Women's rights advocate Maryly Van Leer Peck graduated as the first chemical engineer in 1951 after not being able to study this field at Georgia Tech where her father was president. In 1953, Chancellor Branscomb orchestrated admission of the first African American student to Vanderbilt, in the School of Divinity . In 1960, under intense pressure from

4675-404: The following year its recording of music by Christopher Rouse , "Concerto for Percussion and Orchestra," earned one Grammy Award. The orchestra's 2016 recording of works by Jennifer Higdon earned two Grammy Awards and most recently their recording of "Christopher Rouse - Symphony No.5" won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Classical Composition. Music education has been an integral part of

4760-621: The heart of Nashville, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) from downtown. Vanderbilt alumni, faculty, and staff have included 54 current and former members of the United States Congress , 18 U.S. Ambassadors , 13 governors, 9 Nobel Prize laureates, 2 Vice Presidents of the United States , and 2 U.S. Supreme Court Justices . Other notable alumni include 3 Pulitzer Prize winners, 27 Rhodes Scholars , 2 Academy Award winners, 1 Grammy Award winner, 6 MacArthur Fellows , 4 foreign heads of state, and 5 Olympic medalists . Vanderbilt has more than 145,000 alumni, with 40 alumni clubs established worldwide. In

4845-492: The inscription and pay damages. In August 2016, the university agreed to remove the word "Confederate" from the building after "anonymous donors" donated $ 1.2 million to repay the United Daughters of the Confederacy. In 2009, Vanderbilt instituted a no-loan policy. The policy states that any student granted admission and a need-based aid package will have an award that includes no student loans. Following this, in 2015, Vanderbilt implemented Opportunity Vanderbilt, which committed

4930-426: The inscription bearing the name "Confederate Memorial Hall" was removed from the building or altered. The Court of Appeals' decision has been critiqued by legal scholars. In late July 2005, the university announced that although it had officially renamed the building, and all university publications and offices will refer to it solely as Memorial Hall , the university would neither appeal the matter further, nor remove

5015-422: The modern form of the latter was developed by Harold Stirling Vanderbilt , a former president of the university's Board of Trust and a great-grandson of the Commodore. In addition, in mid-2004 it was announced that Vanderbilt's chemical biology research may have serendipitously opened the door to the breeding of a blue rose , something that has long been coveted by horticulturalists and rose lovers. In 2010,

5100-454: The most performed living American composers, in 2008. "Higdon's music is lithe and expert", wrote Robert Battey of the Washington Post . "Jennifer Higdon's vivid, attractive works have made her a hot commodity lately," wrote Steve Smith of the New York Times . Regarding one of Higdon's most popular compositions, Blue Cathedral, Rowena Smith of The Guardian writes, "it is pure new-age fluff; undemanding, unadventurous tonality dressed up as

5185-493: The music. Her early background in percussion likely influenced her rhythmic style; her music often features complex, intricate rhythmic passages, even when melodies are lyrical. She also makes use of rhythmic ostinati which give motion to many of her works – especially her more rapid compositions. Some of her rhythmic and melodic repetition could be considered minimalist in nature. In her vocal and choral works, Higdon works to emulate speech patterns and applies them to writing both

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5270-673: The only early influences on her composition; the mountains and wide open spaces of her Tennessee home have influenced her style, and even helped bond her to George Crumb, who encouraged her to use nature as a muse. Many of Jennifer Higdon's pieces are considered neoromantic . Harmonically, Higdon's music tends to use tonal structures, but eschews traditional harmonic progressions in favor of more open intervals. Avoiding specific key signatures allows for sudden, surprising harmonic shifts and modulations. Open perfect fifths and parallel fifths can be found in most of her compositions. She also often uses scalar passages to add melodic or harmonic context to

5355-450: The orchestra announced the appointment of Costa Rican conductor Giancarlo Guerrero as the seventh music director of the Nashville Symphony, effective with the 2009–2010 season, with an initial contract for 5 years. Under his direction, the orchestra has received a number of awards, including the 2011 ASCAP award for Programming of Contemporary Music, the 2013 ASCAP award for Programming of Contemporary Music and National Endowment for

5440-417: The orchestra announced the suspension of its concert activities through July 31, 2021, and the furlough of 79 musicians, 49 staff members, and Guerrero on July 1, 2020. In June 2023, Guerrero announced his intention to conclude his tenure as music director of the Nashville Symphony at the close of the 2024-2025 season, and subsequently to take the title of music director laureate for the 2025-2026 season. For

5525-419: The pitch and the rhythm of her melodies. She tries to reflect the mood of the text, which results in melodies that tend to have a more romantic sound. On the occasions where she has set non-English texts, she tends to use both the text and translation in the piece, allowing the piece to more effectively communicate its message. Structurally, her music reflects the "intuitive" style that she composes by: Her music

5610-401: The ravaged state of the Reconstruction Era South delayed the opening of the college. The following year, McTyeire stayed at the New York City residence of Cornelius Vanderbilt . Vanderbilt's second wife, Frank Armstrong Crawford Vanderbilt (1839–1885), was a cousin of McTyeire's wife, Amelia Townsend McTyeire (1827–1891), and both women were from Mobile, Alabama . Cornelius Vanderbilt,

5695-432: The start of the 2024-25 academic year, Vanderbilt imposed mandatory training for students in an attempt to suppress disruptions. As of 2021, Vanderbilt had an enrollment of 7,111 undergraduate and 6,685 graduate and professional students, for a total of 13,796 students. Students from all 50 states and more than 100 countries attend Vanderbilt, with approximately 68% of the undergraduate student body coming from outside

5780-504: The top 50 writing programs in the United States in 2010 and 14th in the United States in 2011. Fortune magazine ranked Vanderbilt among the top 100 places to work in the United States, the only university on their list. In 2018, Kiplinger's Best College Values rankings listed Vanderbilt as one of the top ten "best value" universities and one of the top five private universities for value. In 2020, Money 's "Best Colleges in America, Ranked by Value" rankings listed Vanderbilt as being

5865-403: The undergraduate student body was African-American. In 2001, the university determined to remodel the undergraduate experience by creating an academic residential college system. Since then Vanderbilt has been constructing new buildings and renovating existing structures to support the college system. In 2002, the university decided to rename Confederate Memorial Hall, a residence hall on

5950-447: The university boycott companies that support Israel and demanded an end to what they call a Palestinian genocide . The protests escalated when the administration blocked a student vote on a BDS resolution. Students were forcibly removed by police from a building with three arrests. In an extreme reaction compared to other universities, the three students were expelled.   More than 170 faculty members opposed this expulsion. With

6035-438: The university administration and the Conference over the future of the school, particularly over the methods by which members of the Vanderbilt Board of Trust would be chosen, and the extent that non-Methodists could teach at the school. Conflicts escalated after James H. Kirkland was appointed chancellor in 1893. Then the Southern Methodist Church congregations raised just $ 50,000 in a campaign to raise $ 300,000. Meanwhile,

6120-465: The university be named after him, McTyeire and his fellow trustees rechristened the school in the Spring of 1873 in his honor. They acquired land from Confederate Congressman Henry S. Foote , who had built Old Central, a house still standing on campus. The first building, Main Building, later known as Kirkland Hall , was designed by William Crawford Smith , and its construction began in 1874. In

6205-803: The university to need-blind admissions, meeting 100% of demonstrated financial need of admitted students, and including only grants in awards. In 2011, the Oakland Institute exposed a university investment in EMVest Asset Management , a private equity firm "accused of ' land grabbing ,' or taking over agricultural land used by local communities through exploitative practices for large-scale commercial export farming in five sub-Saharan African countries. The revelation led to student protests in 2012. By 2013, Vanderbilt administrators had divested from EMVest. In 2012, Vanderbilt built Elliston Hall in honor of Elizabeth Boddie Elliston of

6290-605: The university would help to heal the sectional wounds inflicted by the American Civil War . Vanderbilt is a founding member of the Southeastern Conference and has been the conference's only private school since 1966. The university comprises ten schools and enrolls nearly 13,800 students from the US and 70 foreign countries. Vanderbilt is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". Several research centers and institutes are affiliated with

6375-629: The university, including the Robert Penn Warren Center for the Humanities , the Freedom Forum First Amendment Center , and Dyer Observatory . Vanderbilt University Medical Center , formerly part of the university, became a separate institution in 2016. With the exception of the off-campus observatory , all of the university's facilities are situated on its 330-acre (1.3 km ) campus in

6460-611: The university. Peabody College traces its history to the 1785 Davidson Academy. In the early 1980s, Vanderbilt University was an investor the Corrections Corporation of America prior to its IPO. The company was co-founded by Thomas W. Beasley , a Vanderbilt Law School alumnus who was honored with a Distinguished Alumnus Award. In 1989, the university began offering Posse Foundation scholarships to groups of promising young leaders from urban backgrounds to increase their share of diverse students. By 1995, 4.23% of

6545-456: The war intent on establishing a new symphony for Middle Tennessee. With the assistance of a small number of fellow music lovers, he convinced community leaders of this need and the Nashville Symphony was founded. Sharp retained William Strickland , a young conductor from New York, to serve as its first music director and conductor. The orchestra performed its first concert in the fall of 1946 at War Memorial Auditorium in downtown Nashville. Over

6630-461: The wealthiest man in the United States at the time, had been planning to establish a university on Staten Island , New York. However, McTyeire convinced him to donate $ 500,000 to endow Central University in order to "contribute to strengthening the ties which should exist between all sections of our common country". Vanderbilt eventually increased the endowment to $ 1 million (roughly $ 25 million in 2023), and though he never expressed any desire that

6715-700: The world. Jennifer Higdon's musical background has influenced her in many unique ways. Her style grew out of her musical upbringing, which was characterized by much greater and earlier exposure to popular music such as the Beatles , the Rolling Stones , Simon & Garfunkel , and many other groups, rather than to classical music. As a result, she has described her own compositional process as "intuitive" and "instinctive", where she favors music that makes sense, rather than writing music that adheres to classical forms and structures. Popular and folk music were not

6800-611: The years before the American Civil War of 1861–1865, the Methodist Episcopal Church South had been considering the creation of a regional university for the training of ministers in a location central to its congregations. Following lobbying by Nashville bishop Holland Nimmons McTyeire , church leaders voted to found "The Central University of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South" in Nashville in 1872. However, lack of funds and

6885-1061: Was a professor of composition at the Curtis Institute of Music , where she held the Milton L. Rock Chair in Compositional Studies. She has served as Composer-in-Residence with the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra , the Green Bay Symphony Orchestra, the Philadelphia Orchestra , the Fort Worth Symphony and the Music Academy of the West . Higdon lives in Philadelphia. Higdon has received commissions from major symphony orchestras, including

6970-564: Was awarded to both scientists. Shortly after the war, from 1945 to 1947, researchers at Vanderbilt University conducted an experiment funded by the Rockefeller Foundation where they gave 800 pregnant women radioactive iron without their consent. In a lawsuit the women received $ 9.1 million from Vanderbilt University and $ 900,000 from the Rockefeller Foundation in 1998. In the early 1950s, some of

7055-544: Was named the orchestra's artistic advisor, for a contract of three years, through 2009. In September 2006, the Symphony opened Schermerhorn Symphony Center , a $ 123.5 million project, which includes Laura Turner Concert Hall. Slatkin conducted the orchestra's first concert in the new hall on September 9, 2006, which included works by Shostakovich, Barber and Mahler, and a world premiere Triple Concerto by Bela Fleck , Zakir Hussain and Edgar Meyer . In September 2007,

7140-484: Was placed on probation for a year by the American Association of Theological Schools , and the power of trustees was curtailed. The university took Stahlman's $ 5 million donation in 1972–1973, and named a professorship in his honor. In 2005, Lawson was re-hired as a Distinguished University Professor for the 2006–2007 academic year. He was named a Distinguished Alumnus for his achievements. In May 1962

7225-494: Was ranked 12th in the country in funding from the National Institutes of Health. Its Institute for Space and Defense Electronics , housed in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, includes the largest academic facility in the world involved in radiation-effects research. Among its more unusual activities, the university has institutes devoted to the study of coffee and of bridge . Indeed,

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