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36-630: The American Boy Scouts were organized in May 1910 by publisher William Randolph Hearst . In June 1910, the ABS started organizing the Department of New England which was operational in August or September under chief department scout General William H. Oakes. In December 1910, Hearst resigned, citing mismanagement on the part of the ABS directors. The New England Division left the ABS at the same time and formed

72-698: A commissioner of police in New York City in 1894, an office he held until 1898. He served on the Police Commission along with future President Theodore Roosevelt . When the Spanish–American War started in 1898, Grant was commissioned as colonel of the 14th New York Volunteers on May 2, 1898, and was promoted to brigadier general of volunteers on the 27th of the same month. He arrived in Ponce, Puerto Rico on August 16 and participated in

108-1014: A Veteran Companion after the Spanish–American War in 1898). He was also a member of the Aztec Club of 1847 , the Sons of the American Revolution , the Society of Colonial Wars , the Order of the Founders and Patriots of America and the Military Order of the Carabao . In 1874, Grant married Ida Marie Honoré (1854–1930), the daughter of Henry Hamilton Honoré , who made his fortune in Chicago real estate. Ida Marie's sister

144-548: A military-style organization, which was in contrast to the non-military BSA. The USBS performed military style drills with rifles and sold war bonds during World War I . In 1915, BSA President Colin H. Livingstone claimed that the USBS carried guns as part of the program. In 1916, the USBS sought but did not receive a federal charter . After the BSA received a federal charter in 1916, Chief Scout Executive James E. West pressed

180-428: Is quoted as saying to his father, then President, that "no damned nigger will ever graduate from West Point," recent scholarship has raised questions about McFeely's sources. The evidence McFeely employed to assert Grant's racism comes from an entirely separate hazing incident in 1870 involving a number of white cadets that Smith was never involved with. In a January 1871 investigation of the hazing, Grant testified to

216-401: Is to be useful and to help others. A scout is a friend to all and a brother to every other scout no matter to what social class the other belongs. A scout must never be a snob. A scout is courteous. A scout is a friend to animals. A scout obeys orders of his parents, patrol leader, or scout master without question. A scout smiles and whistles under all circumstances. A scout is thrifty. A scout is

252-686: The "Official Rifle of the American Boy Scouts" and sold it from 1913 to 1914. The American Boy Scouts were often confused with the Boy Scouts of America, which sometimes caused problems with fundraising and misattributed publicity. The ABS board of directors voted in October 1913 to change the name of the organization to the United States Boy Scout (USBS), primarily to prevent the confusion. The USBS claimed to be

288-614: The ABS treasurer, replaced Hearst as president. Hearst referred the matter to the District Attorney which the organization claimed was over Hearst's dismissal. A grand jury was formed and the ABS indicated that they would sue Hearst for making a false statement. Citing ABS mismanagement, the New England Division left the ABS in 1910 and formed the New England Boy Scouts . On March 12, 1911,

324-414: The ABS with the BSA but were rejected. In June 1910, the ABS started organizing the Department of New England which was operational in August or September under Chief Department Scout General William H. Oakes. Additional departments were also formed: Atlantic (New York City), Middle West (Chicago), Northwest (San Francisco), and Southwest (Los Angeles). The national committee members were also the officers of

360-555: The Atlantic Department with Hearst as president, Jefferson M. Levy first vice president, Charles P. Devare second vice president, James R. O'Beirne treasurer and James F. McGrath secretary. The honorary vice presidents and founders included Col John Jacob Astor IV , William Kissam Vanderbilt II , Major General Fred D. Grant , Lieutenant General Nelson A. Miles , General Edwin A. McAlpin , and Lieutenant General Adna R. Chaffee . The American Boy Scouts of Rhode Island

396-478: The BSA in 1916. This Scouting or Guiding article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . American Boy Scouts The American Boy Scouts (ABS) (officially American Boy Scout ), later the United States Boy Scouts (officially United States Boy Scout ), was an early American Scouting organization formed by William Randolph Hearst in 1910, following on from

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432-530: The Committee on Military Affairs that he was aware of the prank, that he supported it, and that he did nothing to stop it. McFeely conflates Grant's testimony from this case with the separate court martial cases against Smith to make it look like he was aware of and supported Smith's harassment. In actuality, Grant never testified in Smith's cases, nor did he admit to playing any role in his harassment. In addition,

468-663: The East. On July 11, 1911, he became commander for the Eastern Division which included the Department of the East and the Department of the Gulf. Frederick Dent Grant died of cancer, the same disease that had claimed his father, and diabetes in the Hotel Buckingham near Fort Jay on Governors Island in New York City on April 12, 1912. At the time of his death, Grant was the second most senior officer on active duty in

504-536: The New England Boy Scouts. NEBS member George S. Barton, of Somerville, Massachusetts, founded Boys' Life magazine in January 1911. The magazine covered the three Scouting organizations of the time: the Boy Scouts of America, the American Boy Scouts and the New England Boy Scouts. In 1912, the Boy Scouts of America purchased the magazine, making it an official BSA magazine. The NEBS merged into

540-570: The Rhode Island group voted to break away from the American Boy Scouts and formed the Rhode Island Boy Scouts . The ABS joined the Order of World Scouts in 1911. In August 1911, General Edwin A. McAlpin was elected national president and Chief Scout. In March 1912, an ABS Scout in uniform shot and killed a boy with a rifle after a Scout function. Remington Arms designed the 4S Boy Scout Rifle and advertised it as

576-663: The U.S. Army after Major General Leonard Wood . His funeral service was held in the chapel at Fort Jay and he was buried in the West Point Cemetery . Grant was a hereditary companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States by right of his father's service in the Civil War. He joined the Military Order of Foreign Wars as a Hereditary Companion in 1896 (of which he also became

612-828: The U.S. Army in 1881, and assisted his father in preparing the latter's memoirs. During this time, he was in business in New York City . In 1887 , he ran on the Republican ticket for Secretary of State of New York , but was defeated by the Democratic incumbent Frederick Cook . In 1889, President Benjamin Harrison appointed him the U.S. Minister to Austria-Hungary. After Grover Cleveland became president in March 1893, Grant continued in his post until his successor presented his credentials on June 8, 1893. Grant became

648-557: The USBS in the mistaken belief that they were the BSA. The BSA was represented by Charles Evans Hughes , former Governor of New York and former U.S. Supreme Court Justice. Testimony included an affidavit from Robert Baden-Powell , founder of the international Scout Movement , on the origins of the Scout Movement. In 1919, the New York Supreme Court , a trial court , granted the BSA an injunction and

684-492: The USBS to change its name without success. The BSA filed a lawsuit for an injunction order to restrain the USBS from using the term "Boy Scout" in 1917. L.W. Amerman, executive officer and treasurer, acknowledged that the USBS was a more military organization than the ABS. It was also alleged that the USBS had used the names of prominent men on its letterhead, such as Elbert Henry Gary , in their fundraising efforts without permission and that donations or endorsements were made to

720-492: The USBS was barred from using the terms "Boy Scout", "Scout", " Scouting ", or any variation thereof. The organization changed its name and carried on for a few more years as the American Cadets and the U.S. Junior Military Forces before finally dissolving. Frederick Dent Grant Frederick Dent Grant (May 30, 1850 – April 12, 1912) was a soldier and United States minister to Austria-Hungary . Grant

756-464: The United States, he held various commands and was promoted to major general in February 1906. In May 1906 he asked that YMCAs be established at every post under his command because the associations reduced "courts-martial and desertions, and the enlisted men were more contented and happy. ... the service ... was invaluable to the army." On July 25, 1910, he was made commander of the Department of

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792-691: The formation of the Scouting movement by Robert Baden-Powell between 1903 and 1907. Near the end of its existence, the organization also used the names American Cadets and U.S. Junior Military Forces . The ABS was the rival of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) similar to the situation in the United Kingdom with Baden Powell 's Boy Scouts and the British Boys Scouts who did not like the militarism of early British Scouting. For

828-583: The inflammatory racism cited by McFeely was described by a witness who was not present at the meeting. Smith was later discharged after failing an unconventional private examination by Professor Peter Michie . While Grant denied being a leader of the cadets who hazed Smith for being an African American, McFeely stated that there is "considerable evidence" to suggest that he actively participated, and that "Frederick [...] "used his peculiar authority" in support of "the ceaseless harassment" of Smith". However, according to Brooks D. Simpson , "McFreely does not reveal

864-538: The most part, there were minor differences between the ABS and the BSA. Semper Paratus Always prepared Among the objectives of the organization was to prepare boys for the obligations and duties of citizenship. On my honor, I will do my best To do my duty to God and my country. To help other people at all times. To obey the Scout Law. A Scout's honor is to be trusted. A scout is loyal to his country, his officers, his parents and his employers. A scout's duty

900-522: The nature of this "considerable evidence"", while the only "document cited in support of this contention, a letter from Smith to [...] David Clark [...] does not mention Fred Grant, nor does McFeely mention any instance when Smith named the president's son as one of his tormentors." Smith died of tuberculosis in 1876, and was eventually granted a posthumous commission in the United States Army in 1997. Upon graduating from West Point, Grant

936-732: The occupation of Puerto Rico under General Nelson Miles . In 1899, Grant was sent to the Philippines for service in the Philippine–American War . He arrived in Manila on June 19 and was given command of 2d Brigade, 1st Division, 8th Corps (southern line) on July 1. On February 18, 1901, he was commissioned a brigadier general in the Regular Army . He remained in the Philippines until October 1902. When he returned to

972-598: The protector of girls and women at all times — and he holds this a sacred duty In May 1910, Hearst called an organizational meeting to form a new Scouting group. Hearst was aware of the Boy Scouts of America , formed months earlier by the rival publisher William D. Boyce , but pursued his own vision of Scouting and incorporated the ABS in June 1910 in New York along with James F. McGrath and James R. O'Beirne. Edgar M. Robinson and Ernest Seton requested that Hearst unite

1008-492: The war. Eager to be a part of the action, Frederick put himself in harm's way many times while with his father. While following retreating Confederate soldiers in the aftermath of the Battle of Big Black River Bridge , he was shot in the leg by a sharpshooter. The wound was painful but not serious. Despite a painful infection, doctors were able to save his leg. In his weakened state, Frederick fell victim to typhoid fever , which

1044-469: Was Bertha Palmer , the wife of Chicago businessman Potter Palmer . They were married in Chicago and had two children: Through his daughter, Grant was the grandfather of Prince Michael Mikhailovich Cantacuzène, Princess Bertha Mikhailovna, and Princess Zenaida Mikhailovna, who married Sir John Coldbrook Hanbury-Williams , son of Major-General Sir John Hanbury-Williams . Through his son Ulysses, Grant

1080-593: Was assigned to the 4th U.S. Cavalry Regiment . He took a leave of absence to work with the Union Pacific Railroad as a civil engineer. Late in 1871, he was aide-de-camp to General William Tecumseh Sherman in Europe. He rejoined the 4th Cavalry in Texas in 1872. In 1873, he was assigned to the staff of General Philip Sheridan and promoted to lieutenant colonel. He was on a Yellowstone Expedition and

1116-576: Was common in Union camps during the war, but made a full recovery. Grant was appointed to West Point in 1866, and graduated in 1871. On June 1, 1870, the first African American cadet, James Webster Smith , from South Carolina , was admitted into the United States Military Academy . Smith was sponsored by Senator Adelbert Ames of Mississippi , and nominated by Representative Solomon L. Hoge of South Carolina. Smith

New England Boy Scouts - Misplaced Pages Continue

1152-709: Was founded by Charles E. Mulhearn on August 29, 1910, with the meeting of an executive committee. The next day, the Rhode Island committee requested a charter from the ABS New England Department Headquarters. Hearst had conflicts with the ABS directors over the methods of financing and the improper and unauthorized use of his name for the solicitation of money. He also expressed his disdain at fundraisers being allowed to keep 40% of funds raised without his knowledge. Hearst and other leaders resigned in December 1910. General James O'Beirne,

1188-482: Was handpicked for his outstanding character and scholarly ability by David Clark , a northern philanthropist . While at West Point, Smith was forced to endure intense racism and violence, and was shunned by other West Point attendees. Grant would later be accused of involvement in the harassment which Smith endured. While Grant was named as one of the chief persecutors of Smith by American historian William McFeely in his 1981 biography of Ulysses S. Grant, where he

1224-777: Was stationed on the West Coast. After his father's resignation from the army, the family lived in St. Louis and in Galena, Illinois . Frederick attended public school in Galena until the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861. Grant's father organized a volunteer regiment and was made colonel . Frederick accompanied his father when the regiment was sent to northern Missouri, but he was sent home when it arrived. He then rejoined his father off and on during several campaigns during

1260-675: Was the first son of General and President of the United States Ulysses S. Grant and Julia Grant . He was named after his uncle, Frederick Tracy Dent . His father was in the United States Army when Frederick was born in St. Louis, Missouri . The family moved as the senior Grant was assigned to posts in Michigan and New York . Frederick spent his early childhood at his paternal grandparents' house while his father

1296-594: Was with George Armstrong Custer during the Black Hills expedition . His daughter Julia was born on June 6, 1876. Grant received leave to travel to Washington, D.C. for her birth. In 1877, he took a leave of absence to accompany his father and mother on a trip around the world. In 1878, Grant was in the Bannock War and was in the fight against Victorio in New Mexico . Frederick Grant resigned from

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