171-461: Neemuch or Nimach is a city in the Malwa region. Neemuch crowns the north western part of Madhya Pradesh . It has been also referred to city of Nature and Peace. The town shares its northwestern border with the state of Rajasthan and is the administrative headquarters of Neemuch District . Formerly a large British cantonment of Gwalior princely state , in 1822 the town became the headquarters of
342-405: A Tower of Silence . Indore is the commercial capital of Malwa region and Madhya Pradesh as state. Malwa is one of the world's major opium producers. This crop resulted in development of close connections between the economies of Malwa, the western Indian ports and China , bringing international capital to the region in the 18th and 19th centuries. Malwa opium was a challenge to the monopoly of
513-405: A Tower of Silence . Indore is the commercial capital of Malwa region and Madhya Pradesh as state. Malwa is one of the world's major opium producers. This crop resulted in development of close connections between the economies of Malwa, the western Indian ports and China , bringing international capital to the region in the 18th and 19th centuries. Malwa opium was a challenge to the monopoly of
684-516: A subah (province) of his empire. The Malwa Subah existed from 1568 to 1743. Mandu was abandoned by the 17th century. During the 17th century much of Western Malwa was held by the Rathors of the Ratanawat branch. The Ratanawats later broke into several states which later became Ratlam State , Sitamau State and Sailana State . Some of the lesser states were Multhan and Kachi-Baroda . As
855-405: A subah (province) of his empire. The Malwa Subah existed from 1568 to 1743. Mandu was abandoned by the 17th century. During the 17th century much of Western Malwa was held by the Rathors of the Ratanawat branch. The Ratanawats later broke into several states which later became Ratlam State , Sitamau State and Sailana State . Some of the lesser states were Multhan and Kachi-Baroda . As
1026-920: A 9 day long festival takes place in this temple where about two lac devotes from all over the country visit this temple. Apart from that temple, there is one more temple in the near vicinity of Neemuch town namely Bhanwarmata (25 km). Aantri Mata Temple is situated at Antri village at the distance of 54 km from Neemuch. The temple is famous for boon of Mata Aantri devi. Thousands of pilgrims visit here in Navratri and Diwali. There are two PG: colleges, one for law and another for arts . There are 196 primary schools, six senior secondary schools, 15 secondary schools and 42 middle schools in Neemuch city as per 2001 census figures. Besides these, there are 20 middle schools and 30 primary schools run by private institutions. There are two stadiums and one swimming pool in
1197-571: A city of considerable size. Ujjain was the capital city of the Avanti kingdom, one of the prominent mahajanapadas of ancient India. In the post- Mahabharata period—around 500 BC— Avanti was an important kingdom in western India; it was ruled by the Haihayas , a people who were responsible for the destruction of Naga power in western India . The region was conquered by the Nanda Empire in
1368-527: A golden age in the history of Malwa, when Ujjain served as the empire's western capital. The astronomer Varahamihira was based in Ujjain, which emerged as a major centre of learning, especially in astronomy and mathematics . Around 500, Malwa re-emerged from the dissolving Gupta Empire as a separate kingdom; in 528, Yasodharman of Malwa defeated the Hunas , who had invaded India from the north-west. During
1539-423: A golden age in the history of Malwa, when Ujjain served as the empire's western capital. The astronomer Varahamihira was based in Ujjain, which emerged as a major centre of learning, especially in astronomy and mathematics . Around 500, Malwa re-emerged from the dissolving Gupta Empire as a separate kingdom; in 528, Yasodharman of Malwa defeated the Hunas , who had invaded India from the north-west. During
1710-728: A large part of Gwalior , parts of Indore and Tonk , and about 35 small estates and holdings. Political power was exercised from Neemuch . Upon Indian independence in 1947, the Holkars and other princely rulers acceded to India, and most of Malwa became part of the new state of Madhya Bharat , which was merged into Madhya Pradesh in 1956. The Malwa region occupies a plateau in western Madhya Pradesh and south-eastern Rajasthan (between 21°10′N 73°45′E / 21.167°N 73.750°E / 21.167; 73.750 and 25°10′N 79°14′E / 25.167°N 79.233°E / 25.167; 79.233 ), with Gujarat in
1881-673: A large part of Gwalior , parts of Indore and Tonk , and about 35 small estates and holdings. Political power was exercised from Neemuch . Upon Indian independence in 1947, the Holkars and other princely rulers acceded to India, and most of Malwa became part of the new state of Madhya Bharat , which was merged into Madhya Pradesh in 1956. The Malwa region occupies a plateau in western Madhya Pradesh and south-eastern Rajasthan (between 21°10′N 73°45′E / 21.167°N 73.750°E / 21.167; 73.750 and 25°10′N 79°14′E / 25.167°N 79.233°E / 25.167; 79.233 ), with Gujarat in
SECTION 10
#17327730890212052-644: A large-scale factory that produces diesel engines. Pithampur , an industrial town 25 km from Indore, is known as the Detroit of India for its heavy concentration of automotive industry. Indore is recognised as the commercial capital of Madhya Pradesh, and is the main centre for trade in textiles and agro-based products. It has one of the six Indian Institutes of Management and one of sixteen Indian Institute of Technology . The culture of Malwa has been significantly influenced by Gujarati and Rajasthani culture, because of their geographic proximity. Marathi influence
2223-589: A large-scale factory that produces diesel engines. Pithampur , an industrial town 25 km from Indore, is known as the Detroit of India for its heavy concentration of automotive industry. Indore is recognised as the commercial capital of Madhya Pradesh, and is the main centre for trade in textiles and agro-based products. It has one of the six Indian Institutes of Management and one of sixteen Indian Institute of Technology . The culture of Malwa has been significantly influenced by Gujarati and Rajasthani culture, because of their geographic proximity. Marathi influence
2394-517: A major astronomical observatory, attracting scholars from all over India including Bhāskara II . His successors ruled until about 1305, when Malwa was conquered by the Delhi Sultanate . Malwa was several times invaded by the south Indian Western Chalukya Empire . Dilawar Khan , previously Malwa's governor under the rule of the Delhi sultanate, declared himself sultan of Malwa in 1401 after
2565-400: A major astronomical observatory, attracting scholars from all over India including Bhāskara II . His successors ruled until about 1305, when Malwa was conquered by the Delhi Sultanate . Malwa was several times invaded by the south Indian Western Chalukya Empire . Dilawar Khan , previously Malwa's governor under the rule of the Delhi sultanate, declared himself sultan of Malwa in 1401 after
2736-563: A part of the territory of Malwa, it was given to the Rana in 1768 to pay off debts incurred by the Rana (king) of Mewar . After that, it became a British cantonment of the Gwalior princely state , except for short periods in 1794 and 1844 and 1965. The Cant area of Neemuch was a planned town constructed by the British as a local military headquarters for the region. The Neemuch cantonment played
2907-687: A significant role in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and was the centre of disturbances in Malwa. After the end of rebellion and transfer of power directly to the British crown in the Raj , Neemuch has always climbed the stairs of progress and success. In 1857, Neemuch was the most southerly place to which the rebellion extended. A brigade of native Bengal troops were stationed at Neemuch, then mutinied and marched Delhi . European officers took refuge in
3078-532: A sizing of 55.74 ha or 137 acres, as an outcome of detailed demand assessment and infrastructure planning. The land reportedly houses mineral deposits worth Rs 2,500 crores. The mineral is rare across the world, and the situation is same in India. This is being developed under Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC). The most important festival of Neemuch is the Shivratri festival which is celebrated every year in
3249-538: A small town, Neemuch has produced a number of players who have played in the Indian soccer league. Neemuch has about 12 local soccer clubs which participate in the tournament organized by local municipal council every year. Cricket is also a very popular sport. In Madhya Pradesh also football is second-largest sport. Over 9,000 players play from over 1,500 clubs across the state. There are as many as 70 all-India and 100 state-level tournaments each year. Football teams are
3420-540: A solid colour patch, and architecture painted in vibrant colours. The biggest festival of Malwa is the Simhastha mela , held every 12 years, in which more than 40 million pilgrims take a holy dip in river Shipra . The festival of Gana-gour is celebrated in honour of Shiva and Parvati . The history of the festival goes back to Rano Bai , whose parental home was in Malwa, but who was married in Rajasthan. Rano Bai
3591-427: A solid colour patch, and architecture painted in vibrant colours. The biggest festival of Malwa is the Simhastha mela , held every 12 years, in which more than 40 million pilgrims take a holy dip in river Shipra . The festival of Gana-gour is celebrated in honour of Shiva and Parvati . The history of the festival goes back to Rano Bai , whose parental home was in Malwa, but who was married in Rajasthan. Rano Bai
SECTION 20
#17327730890213762-397: Is kadhi made with tamarind instead of yogurt. Sweet cakes, made of a variety of wheat called tapu , are prepared during religious festivities. Sweet cereal called thulli is also typically eaten with milk or yoghurt. Traditional desserts include mawa-bati (milk-based sweet similar to Gulab jamun ), khoprapak (coconut-based sweet), shreekhand (yogurt based) and malpua . Lavani
3933-397: Is kadhi made with tamarind instead of yogurt. Sweet cakes, made of a variety of wheat called tapu , are prepared during religious festivities. Sweet cereal called thulli is also typically eaten with milk or yoghurt. Traditional desserts include mawa-bati (milk-based sweet similar to Gulab jamun ), khoprapak (coconut-based sweet), shreekhand (yogurt based) and malpua . Lavani
4104-601: Is a historical region of west-central India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin. Geologically, the Malwa Plateau generally refers to the volcanic upland north of the Vindhya Range . Politically and administratively, it is also synonymous with the former state of Madhya Bharat which was later merged with Madhya Pradesh . At present the historical Malwa region includes districts of western Madhya Pradesh and parts of south-eastern Rajasthan . Sometimes
4275-562: Is a prominent trading centre of herbs in India and is the only auction and trading centre of ashwagandha roots ( Indian ginseng , withania somnifera) in the world. More than 500 kinds of herbs are traded in Neemuch. Majorly they are ashwagandha, kalmegh, shatawari, safed musli, stevia leaves, giloy, and babul. Neemuch is a dominant trading place in the food processing industry and has many cooking oil mills, solvent extraction plants, pulses processing plants, dehydration plants, herbal extraction plants and isabgol husk plants. Neemuch district
4446-587: Is a widely practised form of folk music in southern Malwa, which was brought to the region by the Marathas . The Nirguni Lavani (philosophical) and the Shringari Lavani (erotic) are two of the main genres. The Bhils have their own folk songs, which are always accompanied by dance. The folk musical modes of Malwa are of four or five notes, and in rare cases six. The devotional music of the Nirguni cult
4617-412: Is a widely practised form of folk music in southern Malwa, which was brought to the region by the Marathas . The Nirguni Lavani (philosophical) and the Shringari Lavani (erotic) are two of the main genres. The Bhils have their own folk songs, which are always accompanied by dance. The folk musical modes of Malwa are of four or five notes, and in rare cases six. The devotional music of the Nirguni cult
4788-836: Is also visible, because of recent rule by the Marathas . The main language of Malwa is Malvi , although Hindi is widely spoken in the cities. This Indo-European language is subclassified as Indo-Aryan. The language is sometimes referred to as Malavi or Ujjaini. Malvi is part of the Rajasthani branch of languages; Nimadi is spoken in the Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh and in Rajasthan. The dialects of Malvi are, in alphabetical order, Bachadi, Pawari/Bhoyari in Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna and Wardha districts. Dholewari, Hoshangabadi, Jamral, Katiyai, Malvi Proper, Patvi, Rangari, Rangri and Sondwari. A survey in 2001 found only five dialects: Ujjaini (in
4959-675: Is also visible, because of recent rule by the Marathas . The main language of Malwa is Malvi , although Hindi is widely spoken in the cities. This Indo-European language is subclassified as Indo-Aryan. The language is sometimes referred to as Malavi or Ujjaini. Malvi is part of the Rajasthani branch of languages; Nimadi is spoken in the Nimar region of Madhya Pradesh and in Rajasthan. The dialects of Malvi are, in alphabetical order, Bachadi, Pawari/Bhoyari in Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna and Wardha districts. Dholewari, Hoshangabadi, Jamral, Katiyai, Malvi Proper, Patvi, Rangari, Rangri and Sondwari. A survey in 2001 found only five dialects: Ujjaini (in
5130-541: Is another nomadic tribe from Rajasthan that regularly visits the region. Religion in Malwa (2011) Malwa has a significant number of Dawoodi Bohras , a subsect of Shia Muslims from Gujarat, who are mostly businessmen by profession. Besides speaking the local languages, the Bohras have their own language, Lisan al-Dawat . The Patidars , who Migrated from Gujarat settle in the Malwa-nimar. The Whole Malwa-Nimar belt
5301-428: Is another nomadic tribe from Rajasthan that regularly visits the region. Religion in Malwa (2011) Malwa has a significant number of Dawoodi Bohras , a subsect of Shia Muslims from Gujarat, who are mostly businessmen by profession. Besides speaking the local languages, the Bohras have their own language, Lisan al-Dawat . The Patidars , who Migrated from Gujarat settle in the Malwa-nimar. The Whole Malwa-Nimar belt
Neemuch - Misplaced Pages Continue
5472-563: Is derived from the name of the ancient Indian tribe of Malavas . The name Malava is said to be derived from the Sanskrit term Malav , which means "part of the abode of Lakshmi ". The location of the Malwa or Moholo , mentioned by the 7th-century Chinese traveller Xuanzang , is plausibly identified with present-day Gujarat. The region is cited as Malibah in Arabic records, such as Kamilu-t Tawarikh by Ibn Asir. The Malwa Culture
5643-412: Is derived from weathering and disintegration of basaltic lava flow. Major parts of the district are covered by medium deep black soil . Red loamy soils consist of sandy loam to clay loam and brick in colour. This soil is derived from Vindhyan sandstone and shale and occurring in valley portion on the plateau and adjacent to hill composed of Vindhyan sandstone. This type of soil covers a Northern part of
5814-405: Is dominated by Patidar's who are large landowner's. The most spoken language in Malwa region is Malvi which is the regional language and Hindi is spoken in cities. Also, Marathi is spoken considerably in the region of Indore , Dhar , Dewas and Ujjain . A significant number of Marathas , Jats , Rajputs and Banias also live in the region. The Sindhis , who settled in the region after
5985-405: Is dominated by Patidar's who are large landowner's. The most spoken language in Malwa region is Malvi which is the regional language and Hindi is spoken in cities. Also, Marathi is spoken considerably in the region of Indore , Dhar , Dewas and Ujjain . A significant number of Marathas , Jats , Rajputs and Banias also live in the region. The Sindhis , who settled in the region after
6156-469: Is headed by Mufti e Azam Malwa or Grand Mufti of Malwa, who follows Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan (an important leader of Ahle Sunnat Wal Jamaat ). He is considered as the supreme fatwa issuing authority of the region. Mufti Rizwanur-Rahman Faruqi was succeeded by his son in law Mufti Habeeb yar Khan. The current incumbent is Mufti Noorul Haq. The main tourist destinations in Malwa are places of historical or religious significance. The river Shipra and
6327-469: Is headed by Mufti e Azam Malwa or Grand Mufti of Malwa, who follows Aala Hazrat Imam Ahmed Raza Khan (an important leader of Ahle Sunnat Wal Jamaat ). He is considered as the supreme fatwa issuing authority of the region. Mufti Rizwanur-Rahman Faruqi was succeeded by his son in law Mufti Habeeb yar Khan. The current incumbent is Mufti Noorul Haq. The main tourist destinations in Malwa are places of historical or religious significance. The river Shipra and
6498-476: Is in a ruined condition. It contains a proch, mahamandapa and garbhagriha and pradakshinapth. It has a Siva linga in the sanctum. The exterior is ornamented with simple mouldings (c.12th century). This monument has been declared to be of national importance under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 (24 of 1958). Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary situated on
6669-514: Is mainly used for irrigation and water supply to nearby places. Boating facilities are also available. Frequent buses are available to reach there (Neemuch-Singoli-Kota Road). The Bhadwamata Temple is situated 19 km from Neemuch town in Bhadva village. It is believed that who so ever takes bath in the Baori situated in the temple premises get cured of paralysis and Polio . During Nav Ratri
6840-708: Is one of the largest producers of opium in the country. Neemuch also has one of the only two opium factories in India. The climate of Neemuch district is apt for the production of opium and thus the opium trade is one of the major cultivated crops in the region. Other major cultivated products are oranges , lemons , red and pink roses and numerous herbs. Major exportable items are isabgol, ashwagandha and many kind of herbs, methi, ajwain, coriander, soybean products like oil, de-oiled cake, soya paneer , soya papar, soy milk , garlic powder, onion powder, dehydrated flakes of onion and garlic, red chili powder , leather garments, and artificial jewelry . Welspun Solar MP project
7011-575: Is one of the largest solar power plant in Asia, inaugurated by Narendra Modi , as BJP 's prime ministerial candidate. It is a 151 megawatt photo-voltaic power station constructed at a cost of 1,100 crore rupees (about $ 182,000,000) on 305 hectares (750 acres) of land operating since February 2014 at Neemuch . Neemuch also has one of the only 51 automatic solar resource monitoring stations (ASRMS) in India. The implementation started in February 2011 and it
Neemuch - Misplaced Pages Continue
7182-753: Is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion , Narmada valley dry deciduous forests , and Eastern Highlands moist deciduous forests . Vegetation : The natural vegetation is tropical dry forest , with scattered teak (Tectona grandis) forests. The main trees are Butea , Bombax , Anogeissus , Acacia , Buchanania and Boswellia . The shrubs or small trees include species of Grewia , Ziziphus mauritiana , Casearia , Prosopis , Capparis , Woodfordia , Phyllanthus , and Carissa . Wildlife : Sambhar (Cervus unicolor) , Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) , and Chinkara (Gazella bennettii) are some common ungulates . During
7353-693: Is part of the Khathiar-Gir dry deciduous forests ecoregion , Narmada valley dry deciduous forests , and Eastern Highlands moist deciduous forests . Vegetation : The natural vegetation is tropical dry forest , with scattered teak (Tectona grandis) forests. The main trees are Butea , Bombax , Anogeissus , Acacia , Buchanania and Boswellia . The shrubs or small trees include species of Grewia , Ziziphus mauritiana , Casearia , Prosopis , Capparis , Woodfordia , Phyllanthus , and Carissa . Wildlife : Sambhar (Cervus unicolor) , Blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) , and Chinkara (Gazella bennettii) are some common ungulates . During
7524-451: Is popular throughout Malwa. Legends of Raja Bhoj and Bijori , the Kanjar girl, and the tale of Balabau are popular themes for folk songs. Insertions known as stobha are commonly used in Malwa music; this can occur in four ways: the matra stobha (syllable insertion), varna stobha (letter insertion), shabda stobha (word insertion) and vakya stobha (sentence insertion). Malwa was
7695-399: Is popular throughout Malwa. Legends of Raja Bhoj and Bijori , the Kanjar girl, and the tale of Balabau are popular themes for folk songs. Insertions known as stobha are commonly used in Malwa music; this can occur in four ways: the matra stobha (syllable insertion), varna stobha (letter insertion), shabda stobha (word insertion) and vakya stobha (sentence insertion). Malwa was
7866-432: Is said to be derived from the Sanskrit term Malav , which means "part of the abode of Lakshmi ". The location of the Malwa or Moholo , mentioned by the 7th-century Chinese traveller Xuanzang , is plausibly identified with present-day Gujarat. The region is cited as Malibah in Arabic records, such as Kamilu-t Tawarikh by Ibn Asir. The Malwa Culture was a Chalcolithic archaeological culture which existed in
8037-711: Is situated at a distance of about 32 km from Nimach on the border of Rajasthan in an ancient rock cave. There is a temple of Shiva here. There is a spring of perennial water. It is said to be founded by Śuka , the son of Vedavyasa . A character in a number of Puranic texts belonging to various traditions, mainly Vaishnavism . He is believed to be a son of Vyasadeva. It also believed that Vedavyasa first wrote Bharata-Samhita which contained twenty-four thousand verses (slokas) and taught that to his son Śuka. There are two annual fairs organized at this place: one on Haryali amavashya of Srawan month and other on Baisakh purnima . Nava Toran temple or Nav Toran Temple at village Khor
8208-512: Is the bhutta ri kees (made with grated corn roasted in ghee and later cooked in milk with spices). Chakki ri shaak is made of wheat dough, which is washed under running water, steamed and then used in a gravy of curd. The traditional bread of Malwa is called baati/bafla , which is essentially a small, round ball of wheat flour, roasted over dung cakes, in the traditional way. Baati is typically eaten with dal (pulses), while baflas are dripping with ghee and soaked with dal. The amli ri kadhi
8379-512: Is the bhutta ri kees (made with grated corn roasted in ghee and later cooked in milk with spices). Chakki ri shaak is made of wheat dough, which is washed under running water, steamed and then used in a gravy of curd. The traditional bread of Malwa is called baati/bafla , which is essentially a small, round ball of wheat flour, roasted over dung cakes, in the traditional way. Baati is typically eaten with dal (pulses), while baflas are dripping with ghee and soaked with dal. The amli ri kadhi
8550-435: Is the longest of the three seasons, extending for about five months (mid-Ashvin to Phalgun , i.e., October to mid-March). The average daily minimum temperature ranges from 6 °C to 9 °C, though on some nights it can fall as low as 3 °C. Some cultivators believe that an occasional winter shower during the months of Pausha and Maagha —known as Mawta—is helpful to the early summer wheat and germ crops. The region
8721-435: Is the longest of the three seasons, extending for about five months (mid-Ashvin to Phalgun , i.e., October to mid-March). The average daily minimum temperature ranges from 6 °C to 9 °C, though on some nights it can fall as low as 3 °C. Some cultivators believe that an occasional winter shower during the months of Pausha and Maagha —known as Mawta—is helpful to the early summer wheat and germ crops. The region
SECTION 50
#17327730890218892-416: Is the main attraction. A life-size statue of Rani Ahilya sits on a throne within the fort complex. Dhar was the capital of Malwa before Mandu became the capital in 1405. There, the fort is in ruins but offers a panoramic view. The Bhojashala temple (built-in 1400) is still used as a place of worship on Tuesday. Dhar is also a birthplace of Raja Bhoj. Dhar people named as Dharwasi. Malwa Plateau Malwa
9063-453: Is the major industry here. The local economy of Neemuch is mainly based on the agriculture produce market (called Krishi Upaj Mandi in Hindi) which is Asia's largest agriculture produce market yard and the world's second largest as per 2011 report by MCX and WTO in terms of the agricultural products arrival. Many types of cereals , pulses , spices , oil seeds and herbs are traded in
9234-444: Is widely known for its 'Anaj Mandi'. Neemuch city is the main old city of Neemuch hosting PG College, Ravan Rundi, Mochi Gali, Kila, Neemuch Manasa road. The Neemuch district has approximately 956,000 inhabitants as of 2001. Distances to other towns: As of the 2011 Census of India , Neemuch had a population of 127,000. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Neemuch has an average literacy rate of 85%, higher than
9405-545: The British East India Company , which was supplying Bengal opium to China. This led the British company to impose many restrictions on the production and trade of the drug; eventually, opium trading was pushed underground (see Opium Trading in Mumbai for more information). When smuggling became rife, the British eased the restrictions. Today, the region is one of the largest producers of legal opium in
9576-413: The British East India Company , which was supplying Bengal opium to China. This led the British company to impose many restrictions on the production and trade of the drug; eventually, opium trading was pushed underground (see Opium Trading in Mumbai for more information). When smuggling became rife, the British eased the restrictions. Today, the region is one of the largest producers of legal opium in
9747-570: The Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) in 1939 and is home to a large scale army recruitment centre for the organisation. The CRPF still maintains part of Neemuch's British Military Cantonment, which was the first of its kind in India. The bungalow area, native troops area, bazaar, fields and gardens were maintained initially by the municipal board and later by the Municipal Council. After independence Neemuch and
9918-739: The Malavas , the Guptas , the Paramaras , The Rajputs , the Delhi Sultanate , the Malwa sultans , the Mughals and the Marathas . Malwa continued to be an administrative division until 1947, when the Malwa Agency of British India was merged into Madhya Bharat (also known as Malwa Union) state of independent India. Although its political borders have fluctuated throughout history,
10089-477: The Marathas . Malwa continued to be an administrative division until 1947, when the Malwa Agency of British India was merged into Madhya Bharat (also known as Malwa Union) state of independent India. Although its political borders have fluctuated throughout history, the region has developed its own distinct culture, influenced by the Rajasthani, Marathi and Gujarati cultures. Several prominent people in
10260-617: The Mughal conqueror Timur attacked Delhi , causing the break-up of the sultanate into smaller states. Khan started the Malwa Sultanate and established a capital at Mandu , high in the Vindhya Range overlooking the Narmada River valley. His son and successor, Hoshang Shah (1405–35), developed Mandu as an important city. Hoshang Shah's son, Ghazni Khan, ruled for only a year and was succeeded by Mahmud Khalji (1436–69),
10431-440: The Mughal conqueror Timur attacked Delhi , causing the break-up of the sultanate into smaller states. Khan started the Malwa Sultanate and established a capital at Mandu , high in the Vindhya Range overlooking the Narmada River valley. His son and successor, Hoshang Shah (1405–35), developed Mandu as an important city. Hoshang Shah's son, Ghazni Khan, ruled for only a year and was succeeded by Mahmud Khalji (1436–69),
SECTION 60
#173277308902110602-655: The Rashtrakuta dynasty appointed the Paramara rulers as governors of Malwa. From the mid-tenth century, Kingdom of Malwa was ruled by the Paramaras , who established a capital at Dhar . King Bhoja , who ruled from about 1010 to 1060, was known as the great polymath philosopher-king of medieval India; his extensive writings cover philosophy, poetry, medicine, architecture, construction, town planning , veterinary science , phonetics , yoga , and archery . Malwa became an intellectual centre of India, and became home to
10773-541: The Rashtrakuta dynasty appointed the Paramara rulers as governors of Malwa. From the mid-tenth century, Kingdom of Malwa was ruled by the Paramaras , who established a capital at Dhar . King Bhoja , who ruled from about 1010 to 1060, was known as the great polymath philosopher-king of medieval India; his extensive writings cover philosophy, poetry, medicine, architecture, construction, town planning , veterinary science , phonetics , yoga , and archery . Malwa became an intellectual centre of India, and became home to
10944-762: The Third Anglo-Maratha War , and the Holkars of Indore became a princely state of the British Raj . After 1818 the British organised the numerous princely states of central India into the Central India Agency ; the Malwa Agency was a division of Central India , with an area of 23,100 km (8,900 sq mi) and a population of 1,054,753 in 1901. It comprised the states of Dewas State ( senior and junior branch ), Jaora , Ratlam , Sitamau and Sailana , together with
11115-496: The Third Anglo-Maratha War , and the Holkars of Indore became a princely state of the British Raj . After 1818 the British organised the numerous princely states of central India into the Central India Agency ; the Malwa Agency was a division of Central India , with an area of 23,100 km (8,900 sq mi) and a population of 1,054,753 in 1901. It comprised the states of Dewas State ( senior and junior branch ), Jaora , Ratlam , Sitamau and Sailana , together with
11286-414: The partition of India , are an important part of the business community. Like southern Rajasthan, the region has a significant number of Jains , who are mostly traders and business people. The region is home to smaller numbers of Goan Catholics , Anglo-Indians , Punjabis and Parsis or Zoroastrians. The Parsis are closely connected to the growth and evolution of Mhow , which has a Parsi fire temple and
11457-414: The partition of India , are an important part of the business community. Like southern Rajasthan, the region has a significant number of Jains , who are mostly traders and business people. The region is home to smaller numbers of Goan Catholics , Anglo-Indians , Punjabis and Parsis or Zoroastrians. The Parsis are closely connected to the growth and evolution of Mhow , which has a Parsi fire temple and
11628-527: The 19th century for their criminal activities, but have since been denotified. A nomadic tribe from the Marwar region of Rajasthan, the Gadia Lohars —who work as lohars (blacksmiths)—visit the region at the start of the agricultural season to repair and sell agricultural tools and implements, stopping temporarily on the outskirts of villages and towns and residing in their ornate metal carts. The Kalbelia
11799-415: The 19th century for their criminal activities, but have since been denotified. A nomadic tribe from the Marwar region of Rajasthan, the Gadia Lohars —who work as lohars (blacksmiths)—visit the region at the start of the agricultural season to repair and sell agricultural tools and implements, stopping temporarily on the outskirts of villages and towns and residing in their ornate metal carts. The Kalbelia
11970-467: The Baghana area were included in the municipal area. Neemuch is known as India 's Eye donation capital as it accounts for the highest per capita eye donation rate in the country'. Neemuch also has Asia's largest opium alkaloid processing plant which is a government-owned company named- Opium and Alkaloid Works . It is a road junction and distribution centre for agricultural products. Handloom weaving
12141-687: The British in India. Neemuch district is part of the Ujjain Division . It borders Rajasthan to the west and north and Mandsaur district to the east and south. It was split from Mandsaur District on 30 June 1998. The city is divided into three main parts: Neemuch city, Chhavani, and Baghana. Chhavani is the main commercial area hosting Pustak bazzar, Dusshera maidan, Satya Path, Tilak Marg, Budha Gopal street, Bohra gali, Rabindranath Tagore Marg and Sabji Mandi, bus stand, timber market, Ambedkar road and Nasirabad - Mhow National highway no. 56 and Neemuch - Bhopal State Highway no. 87. Baghana
12312-506: The Central Reserve Police (Neemuch) and Neemuch XI. Malwa Malwa is a historical region of west-central India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin. Geologically, the Malwa Plateau generally refers to the volcanic upland north of the Vindhya Range . Politically and administratively, it is also synonymous with the former state of Madhya Bharat which was later merged with Madhya Pradesh . At present
12483-580: The Madhya Pradesh state. Traditional Malwa food has elements of Rajasthani , Gujarati and Maharashtrian cuisine. Traditionally, jowar was the staple cereal, but after the Green Revolution in India , wheat has replaced jowar as the most important food crop; many are vegetarians . Since the climate is mostly dry throughout the year, most people rely on stored foods such as pulses, and green vegetables are rare. A typical snack of Malwa
12654-450: The Madhya Pradesh state. Traditional Malwa food has elements of Rajasthani , Gujarati and Maharashtrian cuisine. Traditionally, jowar was the staple cereal, but after the Green Revolution in India , wheat has replaced jowar as the most important food crop; many are vegetarians . Since the climate is mostly dry throughout the year, most people rely on stored foods such as pulses, and green vegetables are rare. A typical snack of Malwa
12825-491: The Malwa region, as well as nearby parts of Maharashtra to the south, during the 2nd millennium BCE. Ujjain , also known historically as Ujjaiyini and Avanti , emerged as the first major centre in the Malwa region during India's second wave of urbanisation in the 7th century BC (the first wave was the Indus Valley Civilization ). Around 600 BC an earthen rampart was built around Ujjain, enclosing
12996-496: The Malwa was conquered by Rana Sanga of Mewar who appointed one of his close allies Medini Rai as ruler of Malwa under his lordship. Chanderi was capital of his kingdom. After the defeat of Rajput confederation in Battle of Khanwa near Agra against Babur which was fought for Supremacy of Northern India between Rajputs and Mughals . Babur then siege Chanderi offering Shamsabad to Medini rai instead of Chanderi as it
13167-444: The Malwa was conquered by Rana Sanga of Mewar who appointed one of his close allies Medini Rai as ruler of Malwa under his lordship. Chanderi was capital of his kingdom. After the defeat of Rajput confederation in Battle of Khanwa near Agra against Babur which was fought for Supremacy of Northern India between Rajputs and Mughals . Babur then siege Chanderi offering Shamsabad to Medini rai instead of Chanderi as it
13338-531: The Mughal state weakened after 1700, the Marathas held sway over Malwa under leadership of Chimnaji Appa , Nemaji Shinde and Chimnaji Damodar were the first Maratha generals to cross the boundary of Maharashtra and to invade in Malwa in 1698. Subsequently, Malhar Rao Holkar (1694–1766) became leader of Maratha armies in Malwa in 1724, and in 1733 the Maratha Peshwa granted him control of most of
13509-414: The Mughal state weakened after 1700, the Marathas held sway over Malwa under leadership of Chimnaji Appa , Nemaji Shinde and Chimnaji Damodar were the first Maratha generals to cross the boundary of Maharashtra and to invade in Malwa in 1698. Subsequently, Malhar Rao Holkar (1694–1766) became leader of Maratha armies in Malwa in 1724, and in 1733 the Maratha Peshwa granted him control of most of
13680-558: The Rajasthani school of miniature painting, known as Malwa painting , was centred largely in Malwa and Bundelkhand. The school preserved the style of the earliest examples, such as the Rasikapriya series dated 1636 (after a poem analysing the love sentiment) and the Amaru Sataka (a 17th-century Sanskrit poem). The paintings from this school are flat compositions on black and chocolate-brown backgrounds, with figures shown against
13851-439: The Rajasthani school of miniature painting, known as Malwa painting , was centred largely in Malwa and Bundelkhand. The school preserved the style of the earliest examples, such as the Rasikapriya series dated 1636 (after a poem analysing the love sentiment) and the Amaru Sataka (a 17th-century Sanskrit poem). The paintings from this school are flat compositions on black and chocolate-brown backgrounds, with figures shown against
14022-541: The agriculture market of Neemuch. Cereals include wheat , barley , maize or corn, jowar . Spices such as coriander , fenugreek , ajwain , poppy seeds or posta, jeera , black cumin or kalongi, halim seeds, suwa , and tukmaria . Pulses are gram , urad , moong , masoor , peas . Oil seeds such as soybean , black mustard , yellow mustard , flax seeds , groundnut , sesame seeds , taramira seeds, castor seeds, dolmi and many more agro products such as garlic , onion , guar seeds, isabgol seeds. Neemuch
14193-408: The agro-climatic zone Malwa Plateau , lies between the parallels of latitude 24°15’ – 24°35’ north, and between the meridians of longitude 74°45’ - 75°37’ east spread over an area of 3,875 square kilometres. It has surrounding of Kota , Jhalawar , Chittaurgarh and Pratapgarh District of Rajasthan State while Mandsaur District of Madhya Pradesh. Due to the location of Neemuch in the Malwa region.
14364-420: The base material consisting of a mixture of red clay and cow dung. Peacocks, cats, lions, goojari, bawari, the swastika and chowk are some motifs of this style. Sanjhya is a ritual wall painting done by young girls during the annual period when Hindus remember and offer ritual oblation to their ancestors. Malwa miniature paintings are well known for their intricate brushwork. In the 17th century, an offshoot of
14535-420: The base material consisting of a mixture of red clay and cow dung. Peacocks, cats, lions, goojari, bawari, the swastika and chowk are some motifs of this style. Sanjhya is a ritual wall painting done by young girls during the annual period when Hindus remember and offer ritual oblation to their ancestors. Malwa miniature paintings are well known for their intricate brushwork. In the 17th century, an offshoot of
14706-516: The centre of Sanskrit literature during and after the Gupta period. The region's most famous playwright, Kalidasa , is considered to be the greatest Indian writer ever. His first surviving play is Malavikagnimitra (Malavika and Agnimitra). Kalidasa's second play, his masterpiece, is the Abhijñānaśākuntalam , which tells the story of king Dushyanta, who falls in love with a girl of lowly birth,
14877-403: The centre of Sanskrit literature during and after the Gupta period. The region's most famous playwright, Kalidasa , is considered to be the greatest Indian writer ever. His first surviving play is Malavikagnimitra (Malavika and Agnimitra). Kalidasa's second play, his masterpiece, is the Abhijñānaśākuntalam , which tells the story of king Dushyanta, who falls in love with a girl of lowly birth,
15048-489: The city of Ujjain have been regarded as sacred for thousands of years. The Mahakal Temple of Ujjain is one of the 12 jyotirlingas , literally meaning “pillars of light" . Ujjain has over 100 other ancient temples, including Harsidhhi , Chintaman Ganesh , Gadh Kalika , Kaal Bhairava and Mangalnath . The Kalideh Palace, on the outskirts of the city, is a fine example of ancient Indian architecture. The Bhartrihari caves are associated with interesting legends. Since
15219-489: The city of Ujjain have been regarded as sacred for thousands of years. The Mahakal Temple of Ujjain is one of the 12 jyotirlingas , literally meaning “pillars of light" . Ujjain has over 100 other ancient temples, including Harsidhhi , Chintaman Ganesh , Gadh Kalika , Kaal Bhairava and Mangalnath . The Kalideh Palace, on the outskirts of the city, is a fine example of ancient Indian architecture. The Bhartrihari caves are associated with interesting legends. Since
15390-470: The city. There are 30 parks and gardens, one Dussehra Maidan, 22 auditoriums and four public libraries exist in the city. There are six kabristans and four cremation grounds. In October 2024, a Government Medical College was inaugurated in Neemuch by the incumbent chief minister of Madhya Pradesh Dr. Mohan Yadav built by the Government of Madhya Pradesh, for the people of Neemuch District to improve
15561-531: The climate is pleasant. The highest maximum temperature of 46° is reached in May and June and remains up to last week of June. In winters, the minimum temperature reaches 2 °C in the months of December and January. The average rainfall of Neemuch is 812 mm and maximum rainfall occurs in month of July and August. The lowest rainfall of 501.6 mm was recorded in 2007 where as maximum rainfall of 1352 mm occurred in 2006. The reason for drop in rainfall in 2007
15732-421: The combined Rajputana – Malwa political agency and of the Malwa Agency in 1895. The British Cantonment was disbanded in 1932 after which it was maintained by a British Municipal Board. A number of myths surround the name Neemuch. One is that the city received its name because of the large number of Neem trees found here. While other story states that city's first dwellers belonged to Meena caste, leading to
15903-533: The definition of Malwa is extended to include the Nimar region south of the Vindhyas . The Malwa region had been a separate political unit from the time of the ancient Malava Kingdom . It has been ruled by several kingdoms and dynasties, including the Avanti Kingdom , The Mauryans , the Malavas , the Guptas , the Paramaras , The Rajputs , the Delhi Sultanate , the Malwa sultans , the Mughals and
16074-632: The designers of the Taj Mahal centuries later. Baz Bahadur built a huge palace in Mandu in the 16th century. Other notable historical monuments are Rewa Kund , Rupmati 's Pavilion, Nilkanth Mahal, Hathi Mahal, Darya Khan's Tomb, Dai ka Mahal, Malik Mughit is Mosque and Jali Mahal. Close to Mandu is Maheshwar, a town on the northern bank of Narmada River that served as the capital of the Indore state under Ahilyabai Holkar . The Maratha rajwada (fort)
16245-472: The designers of the Taj Mahal centuries later. Baz Bahadur built a huge palace in Mandu in the 16th century. Other notable historical monuments are Rewa Kund , Rupmati 's Pavilion, Nilkanth Mahal, Hathi Mahal, Darya Khan's Tomb, Dai ka Mahal, Malik Mughit is Mosque and Jali Mahal. Close to Mandu is Maheshwar, a town on the northern bank of Narmada River that served as the capital of the Indore state under Ahilyabai Holkar . The Maratha rajwada (fort)
16416-401: The district. Laterite soil dark brown to pink coloured lateritic soil is found as capping over hillocks of basaltic terrain. Alluvial soils are greyish yellow to brownish yellow in colour and occupy along the major rivers. Neemuch is known for Krishi Upaj Mandi (Agriculture Produce Market). This is main market for all the livelihood and another attraction is CRPF. Neemuch was the birthplace of
16587-456: The districts of Ujjain , Indore , Dewas , Dhar , Agar Malwa and Sehore ), Rajawari ( Ratlam , Mandsaur and Neemuch ), Umathwari ( Rajgarh ) and Sondhwari ( Jhalawar ) and Bhoyari / Pawari (in the districts of Betul , Chhindwara , Pandhurna and Wardha ). About 55% of the population of Malwa can converse in and about 40% of the population is literate in Hindi, the official language of
16758-404: The districts of Ujjain , Indore , Dewas , Dhar , Agar Malwa and Sehore ), Rajawari ( Ratlam , Mandsaur and Neemuch ), Umathwari ( Rajgarh ) and Sondhwari ( Jhalawar ) and Bhoyari / Pawari (in the districts of Betul , Chhindwara , Pandhurna and Wardha ). About 55% of the population of Malwa can converse in and about 40% of the population is literate in Hindi, the official language of
16929-587: The evenings, carrying earthen pots with holes for the light from oil lamps inside to escape. In front of every house, the girls recite songs connected with the Ghadlya and receive food or money in return. The Gordhan festival is celebrated on the 16th day in the month of Kartika. The Bhils of the region sing Heeda , anecdotal songs to the cattle, while the women sing the Chandrawali song, associated with Krishna 's romance. The most popular fairs are held in
17100-473: The evenings, carrying earthen pots with holes for the light from oil lamps inside to escape. In front of every house, the girls recite songs connected with the Ghadlya and receive food or money in return. The Gordhan festival is celebrated on the 16th day in the month of Kartika. The Bhils of the region sing Heeda , anecdotal songs to the cattle, while the women sing the Chandrawali song, associated with Krishna 's romance. The most popular fairs are held in
17271-447: The facilities provided by the institute for performing penetrating keratoplasty , can provide a complete solution to the problem of corneal blindness in the region. Gomabai Netralaya is also involved in a continuous process of educating staff and conducting research into the cause and cure of blinding eye diseases. Located at village Jhanjharwada and Dhamaniya and Soniyana village of Neemuch district (M.P). The proposed food park assumes
17442-415: The first millennium BC. Since women did not participate in the dance-drama form, men enacted their roles. Swang incorporates suitable theatrics and mimicry, accompanied alternately by song and dialogue. The genre is dialogue-oriented rather than movement-oriented. Mandana (literally painting) wall and floor paintings are the best-known painting traditions of Malwa. White drawings stand out in contrast to
17613-415: The first millennium BC. Since women did not participate in the dance-drama form, men enacted their roles. Swang incorporates suitable theatrics and mimicry, accompanied alternately by song and dialogue. The genre is dialogue-oriented rather than movement-oriented. Mandana (literally painting) wall and floor paintings are the best-known painting traditions of Malwa. White drawings stand out in contrast to
17784-694: The first of the Khalji sultans of Malwa, who expanded the state to include parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, and the Deccan . The Muslim sultans invited the Rajputs to settle in the country. In the early 16th century, the sultan sought the aid of the sultans of Gujarat to counter the growing power of the Rajputs, while the Rajputs sought the support of the Sesodia Rajput kings of Mewar .During that time Much of
17955-418: The first of the Khalji sultans of Malwa, who expanded the state to include parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, and the Deccan . The Muslim sultans invited the Rajputs to settle in the country. In the early 16th century, the sultan sought the aid of the sultans of Gujarat to counter the growing power of the Rajputs, while the Rajputs sought the support of the Sesodia Rajput kings of Mewar .During that time Much of
18126-510: The fort, and were later besieged by a rebel force from Mandsaur . The Europeans defended the city until relieved by the Malwa field force. Since 1895, Neemuch had been the headquarters of the political agent in Malwa, a subdivision of the British Central India Agency . Neemuch was also the station for the following Indian Army Regiments: Neemuch was also the station of the 26th and 48th field artillery batteries of
18297-574: The fourth century BC, Ujjain has enjoyed the reputation of being India's Greenwich , as the Prime Meridian of the Hindu geographers. The observatory built by Jai Singh II is one of the four such observatories in India and features ancient astronomical devices. The Simhastha mela , celebrated every 12 years, starts on the full moon day in Chaitra (April) and continues into Vaishakha (May) until
18468-404: The fourth century BC, Ujjain has enjoyed the reputation of being India's Greenwich , as the Prime Meridian of the Hindu geographers. The observatory built by Jai Singh II is one of the four such observatories in India and features ancient astronomical devices. The Simhastha mela , celebrated every 12 years, starts on the full moon day in Chaitra (April) and continues into Vaishakha (May) until
18639-605: The great learning of the people, viz., Malwa and Magadha . The people there esteemed virtue, were of an intelligent mind and exceedingly studious. In 756 AD Gurjara-Pratiharas advanced into Malwa. In 786 the region was captured by the Rashtrakuta kings of the Deccan, and was disputed between the Rashtrakutas and the Gurjara Pratihara kings of Kannauj until the early part of the tenth century. The Emperors of
18810-423: The great learning of the people, viz., Malwa and Magadha . The people there esteemed virtue, were of an intelligent mind and exceedingly studious. In 756 AD Gurjara-Pratiharas advanced into Malwa. In 786 the region was captured by the Rashtrakuta kings of the Deccan, and was disputed between the Rashtrakutas and the Gurjara Pratihara kings of Kannauj until the early part of the tenth century. The Emperors of
18981-470: The health infrastructure of the city. It is named after Virendra Kumar Sakhlecha , the former chief minister of Madhya Pradesh hailing from Neemuch district. The public library of the district is situated in the Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Town Hall. Production of minerals 2010-11: Mineral Production (2010-2011) Units in Neemuch and nearby: Neemuch has a rich sporting history, especially in soccer . Despite being
19152-463: The help of Ramji Lal Goyal, Gomabai Netralaya was established at Neemuch in 1992. Within a span of a decade, it has become one of the leading ophthalmic centres in India. Neemuch, though situated in Madhya Pradesh, is located close to Rajasthan and Gujarat . Therefore, tribal and rural poor from these states constitute 70% of patients. Gomabai Netralaya has played a key role in achieving the highest per capita rate of eye donation in India for Neemuch and
19323-429: The high iron content of the basalt from which it formed. The soil requires less irrigation because of its high capacity for moisture retention. The other two soil types are lighter and have a higher proportion of sand. The average elevation of the plateau is 500 m. Some of the peaks over 800 m high are at Sigar (881 m), Janapav (854 m) and Ghajari (810 m). The plateau generally slopes towards
19494-429: The high iron content of the basalt from which it formed. The soil requires less irrigation because of its high capacity for moisture retention. The other two soil types are lighter and have a higher proportion of sand. The average elevation of the plateau is 500 m. Some of the peaks over 800 m high are at Sigar (881 m), Janapav (854 m) and Ghajari (810 m). The plateau generally slopes towards
19665-417: The historical Malwa region includes districts of western Madhya Pradesh and parts of south-eastern Rajasthan . Sometimes the definition of Malwa is extended to include the Nimar region south of the Vindhyas . The Malwa region had been a separate political unit from the time of the ancient Malava Kingdom . It has been ruled by several kingdoms and dynasties, including the Avanti Kingdom , The Mauryans ,
19836-419: The history of India have lived in Malwa, including the poet and dramatist Kalidasa , the author Bhartrihari , the mathematicians and astronomers Varahamihira and Brahmagupta , and the polymath king Bhoja . Ujjain had been the political, economic, and cultural capital of the region in ancient times, and Indore is now the largest city and commercial center. Overall, agriculture is the main occupation of
20007-425: The last century, deforestation has happened at a fast rate, leading to environmental problems such as acute water scarcity and the danger that the region is being desertified. The population of the Malwa region was 22,773,993 in 2011, with a population density of a moderate 270/km . The annual birth rate in the region was 31.6 per 1000, and the death rate 10.3. The infant mortality rate was 93.8, slightly higher than
20178-425: The last century, deforestation has happened at a fast rate, leading to environmental problems such as acute water scarcity and the danger that the region is being desertified. The population of the Malwa region was 22,773,993 in 2011, with a population density of a moderate 270/km . The annual birth rate in the region was 31.6 per 1000, and the death rate 10.3. The infant mortality rate was 93.8, slightly higher than
20349-430: The lovely Shakuntala. The last of Kalidasa's surviving plays is Vikramuurvashiiya ("Urvashi conquered by valour"). Kalidasa also wrote the epic poems Raghuvamsha ("Dynasty of Raghu"), Ritusamhāra and Kumarasambhava ("Birth of the war god"), as well as the lyric Meghaduuta ("The cloud messenger"). Swang is a popular dance form in Malwa; its roots go back to the origins of the Indian theatre tradition in
20520-430: The lovely Shakuntala. The last of Kalidasa's surviving plays is Vikramuurvashiiya ("Urvashi conquered by valour"). Kalidasa also wrote the epic poems Raghuvamsha ("Dynasty of Raghu"), Ritusamhāra and Kumarasambhava ("Birth of the war god"), as well as the lyric Meghaduuta ("The cloud messenger"). Swang is a popular dance form in Malwa; its roots go back to the origins of the Indian theatre tradition in
20691-509: The main crops are jowar, rice, wheat, coarse millet, peanuts and pulses, soya bean, cotton, linseed, sesame and sugarcane. Sugar mills are located in numerous small towns. The black, volcanic soil is ideal for the cultivation of cotton, and textile manufacture is an important industry. Large centres of textile production include Indore, Ujjain and Nagda. Maheshwar is known for its fine Maheshwari saris, and Mandsaur for its coarse woollen blankets. Handicrafts are an important source of income for
20862-509: The main crops are jowar, rice, wheat, coarse millet, peanuts and pulses, soya bean, cotton, linseed, sesame and sugarcane. Sugar mills are located in numerous small towns. The black, volcanic soil is ideal for the cultivation of cotton, and textile manufacture is an important industry. Large centres of textile production include Indore, Ujjain and Nagda. Maheshwar is known for its fine Maheshwari saris, and Mandsaur for its coarse woollen blankets. Handicrafts are an important source of income for
21033-694: The mid-4th century BC, and subsequently became part of the Maurya Empire . Ashoka , who was later a Mauryan emperor, was governor of Ujjain in his youth. After the death of Ashoka in 232 BC, the Maurya Empire began to collapse. Although evidence is sparse, Malwa was probably ruled by the Kushanas , the Shakas and the Satavahana dynasty during the 1st and 2nd century CE. Ownership of the region
21204-426: The middle of Ashvin (September). Most of the rain falls during the southwest monsoon spell, and ranges from about 80 cm in the west to about 10.5 cm in the east. Indore and the immediately surrounding areas receive an average of 90 cm of rainfall a year. The growing period lasts from 90 to 150 days, during which the average daily temperature is below 30 °C, but seldom falls below 20 °C. Winter
21375-426: The middle of Ashvin (September). Most of the rain falls during the southwest monsoon spell, and ranges from about 80 cm in the west to about 10.5 cm in the east. Indore and the immediately surrounding areas receive an average of 90 cm of rainfall a year. The growing period lasts from 90 to 150 days, during which the average daily temperature is below 30 °C, but seldom falls below 20 °C. Winter
21546-503: The month of March at this temple. Religious tourism to the Kileshwar temple also contributes to the local economy as 50,000 devotees from the town and nearby visit during Shivratri. This festival is arranged and managed by the Municipal Council of Neemuch. Ground at the temple is also used as a picnic spot for school children as it consists of a small amusement park and large ground covered with grass. Sukhanandji Ashram or Sukhanand Dham
21717-541: The months of Phalguna , Chaitra , Bhadra , Ashvin and Kartik . The Chaitra fair, held at Biaora, and the Gal yatras , held at more than two dozen villages in Malwa are remarkable. Many fairs are held in the tenth day of the month of Bhadra to mark the birth of Tejaji . The Triveni mela is held at Ratlam, and other fairs take place in Kartika at Ujjain, Mandhata (Nimad), among others. Muslim community of Malwa
21888-439: The months of Phalguna , Chaitra , Bhadra , Ashvin and Kartik . The Chaitra fair, held at Biaora, and the Gal yatras , held at more than two dozen villages in Malwa are remarkable. Many fairs are held in the tenth day of the month of Bhadra to mark the birth of Tejaji . The Triveni mela is held at Ratlam, and other fairs take place in Kartika at Ujjain, Mandhata (Nimad), among others. Muslim community of Malwa
22059-452: The name "Meenuch", which over time became Neemuch . A further theory is that "Nimach" is an abbreviation of "North India Mounted Artillery and Cavalry Headquarters". There is also a small statue in city's main main market supporting the claim, that reads out "North India Mounted Artillery and Cavalry Headquarters." The city was the location of a palace in the district of the Ajmer . Originally
22230-434: The national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 77%, and female literacy is 62%. In Neemuch, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age. According to 2011 census 70.31% of the population of Neemuch District is in rural areas while 29.69% is in urban areas. Neemuch District has fourth lowest rural growth rate of 11% in Madhya Pradesh, while state average is 18.4%, highest being 31.7% of Jhabua. Neemuch district comes under
22401-618: The next full moon day. Mandu was originally the fort capital of the Parmar rulers. Towards the end of the 13th century, it came under the sway of the Sultans of Malwa, the first of whom named it Shadiabad (city of joy). It remained as the capital, and in it the sultans built exquisite palaces like the Jahaz Mahal and Hindola Mahal, ornamental canals, baths and pavilions. The massive Jami Masjid and Hoshang Shah's tomb provided inspiration to
22572-450: The next full moon day. Mandu was originally the fort capital of the Parmar rulers. Towards the end of the 13th century, it came under the sway of the Sultans of Malwa, the first of whom named it Shadiabad (city of joy). It remained as the capital, and in it the sultans built exquisite palaces like the Jahaz Mahal and Hindola Mahal, ornamental canals, baths and pavilions. The massive Jami Masjid and Hoshang Shah's tomb provided inspiration to
22743-741: The north. The western part of the region is drained by the Mahi River , while the Chambal River drains the central part, and the Betwa River and the headwaters of the Dhasan and Ken rivers drain the east. The Shipra River is of historical importance because of the Simhasth mela , held every 12 years. Other notable rivers are Parbati , Gambhir and Choti Kali Sindh . Due to its altitude of about 550 to 600 meters above mean sea level,
22914-455: The north. The western part of the region is drained by the Mahi River , while the Chambal River drains the central part, and the Betwa River and the headwaters of the Dhasan and Ken rivers drain the east. The Shipra River is of historical importance because of the Simhasth mela , held every 12 years. Other notable rivers are Parbati , Gambhir and Choti Kali Sindh . Due to its altitude of about 550 to 600 meters above mean sea level,
23085-516: The northern boundary of Mandsaur and Neemuch districts in Madhya Pradesh. It is spread over an area of 368.62 km square adjoining Rajasthan state in India. It was notified in 1974 and more area was added in 1983. The Chambal River passes through the sanctuary and divides into two parts. The western part is in Neemuch district and eastern part is in Mandsaur district . Morwan Dam is 24 km from Neemuch and constructed on river Gambhiri. It
23256-689: The overall rate for the Madhya Pradesh state. There are numerous tribes in the region, such as the Bhils —and their allied groups, the Meos the Bhilalas , Barelas and Patelias —and the Meenas , who all differ to a remarkable degree from the regional population in their dialects and social life. They encompass a variety of languages and cultures. Some tribes of the region, notably the Kanjars , were notified in
23427-427: The overall rate for the Madhya Pradesh state. There are numerous tribes in the region, such as the Bhils —and their allied groups, the Meos the Bhilalas , Barelas and Patelias —and the Meenas , who all differ to a remarkable degree from the regional population in their dialects and social life. They encompass a variety of languages and cultures. Some tribes of the region, notably the Kanjars , were notified in
23598-448: The people of Malwa. The region has been one of the important producers of opium in the world. Wheat and soybeans are other important cash crops, and textiles are a major industry. Malwi is a demonym given to people from the Malwa region. Several early Stone Age or Lower Paleolithic habitations have been excavated in eastern Malwa. The name Malwa is derived from the name of the ancient Indian tribe of Malavas . The name Malava
23769-535: The region has comparatively cool evenings against the hot days during the summer season. Even if the day temperature reaches 42 to 43 degrees Celsius, the night temperatures are always in range of 20 to 22 degrees making the climate much cooler than the other areas of the region. The cool morning wind, the karaman , and an evening breeze, the Shab-e-Malwa , make the summers less harsh. The term Shab-e-Malwa , meaning dusk in Malwa (from shab , Urdu for night),
23940-477: The region has comparatively cool evenings against the hot days during the summer season. Even if the day temperature reaches 42 to 43 degrees Celsius, the night temperatures are always in range of 20 to 22 degrees making the climate much cooler than the other areas of the region. The cool morning wind, the karaman , and an evening breeze, the Shab-e-Malwa , make the summers less harsh. The term Shab-e-Malwa , meaning dusk in Malwa (from shab , Urdu for night),
24111-421: The region has developed its own distinct culture, influenced by the Rajasthani, Marathi and Gujarati cultures. Several prominent people in the history of India have lived in Malwa, including the poet and dramatist Kalidasa , the author Bhartrihari , the mathematicians and astronomers Varahamihira and Brahmagupta , and the polymath king Bhoja . Ujjain had been the political, economic, and cultural capital of
24282-501: The region in ancient times, and Indore is now the largest city and commercial center. Overall, agriculture is the main occupation of the people of Malwa. The region has been one of the important producers of opium in the world. Wheat and soybeans are other important cash crops, and textiles are a major industry. Malwi is a demonym given to people from the Malwa region. Several early Stone Age or Lower Paleolithic habitations have been excavated in eastern Malwa. The name Malwa
24453-430: The region is particularly suitable for the cultivation of such unalu (early summer) crops as wheat, gram ( Cicer arietinum ) and til ( Sesamum indicum ). Relatively poor soil is used for the cultivation of such syalu (early winter) crops as millet ( Andropogon sorghum ), maize ( Zea mays ), mung bean ( Vigna radiata ), urad ( Vigna mungo ), batla ( Pisum sativum ) and peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea ). Overall,
24624-430: The region is particularly suitable for the cultivation of such unalu (early summer) crops as wheat, gram ( Cicer arietinum ) and til ( Sesamum indicum ). Relatively poor soil is used for the cultivation of such syalu (early winter) crops as millet ( Andropogon sorghum ), maize ( Zea mays ), mung bean ( Vigna radiata ), urad ( Vigna mungo ), batla ( Pisum sativum ) and peanuts ( Arachis hypogaea ). Overall,
24795-605: The region was the subject of dispute between the Western Kshatrapas and the Satavahanas during the first three centuries AD. Ujjain emerged a major trading centre during the 1st century AD. Malwa became part of the Gupta Empire during the reign of Chandragupta II (375–413), also known as Vikramaditya , who conquered the region, driving out the Western Kshatrapas . The Gupta period is widely regarded as
24966-531: The region, which was formally ceded by the Mughals in 1738. Ranoji Scindia , noted Maratha commander, established his headquarters at Ujjain in 1721. . This capital was later moved to Gwalior State by Daulatrao Scindia . Another Maratha general, Anand Rao Pawar , established himself as the Raja of Dhar in 1742, and the two Pawar brothers became Rajas of Dewas State . At the end of the 18th century, Malwa became
25137-425: The region, which was formally ceded by the Mughals in 1738. Ranoji Scindia , noted Maratha commander, established his headquarters at Ujjain in 1721. . This capital was later moved to Gwalior State by Daulatrao Scindia . Another Maratha general, Anand Rao Pawar , established himself as the Raja of Dhar in 1742, and the two Pawar brothers became Rajas of Dewas State . At the end of the 18th century, Malwa became
25308-639: The seventh century, the region became part of Harsha 's empire, who disputed the region with the Chalukya king Pulakesin II of Badami in the Deccan . During his reign the Buddhist pilgrim monk Xuanzang had visited India and mentions seeing a hundred Buddhist monasteries along with a same number of Deva temples of different kinds with the adherents of Pashupata Shaivism making a majority. He also states that there were two places in India that were remarkable for
25479-481: The seventh century, the region became part of Harsha 's empire, who disputed the region with the Chalukya king Pulakesin II of Badami in the Deccan . During his reign the Buddhist pilgrim monk Xuanzang had visited India and mentions seeing a hundred Buddhist monasteries along with a same number of Deva temples of different kinds with the adherents of Pashupata Shaivism making a majority. He also states that there were two places in India that were remarkable for
25650-570: The tribal population. Coloured lacquerware from Ratlam, rag dolls from Indore , and papier-mâché articles from Indore, Ujjain and several other centres are well known. Mandsaur district is the sole producer in India of white- and red-coloured slate , used in the district's 110 slate pencil factories. There is a cement factory in Neemuch. Apart from this, the region lacks mineral resources. The region's industries mainly produce consumer goods—but there are now many centres of large- and medium-scale industries, including Indore, Nagda and Ujjain. Indore has
25821-570: The tribal population. Coloured lacquerware from Ratlam, rag dolls from Indore , and papier-mâché articles from Indore, Ujjain and several other centres are well known. Mandsaur district is the sole producer in India of white- and red-coloured slate , used in the district's 110 slate pencil factories. There is a cement factory in Neemuch. Apart from this, the region lacks mineral resources. The region's industries mainly produce consumer goods—but there are now many centres of large- and medium-scale industries, including Indore, Nagda and Ujjain. Indore has
25992-576: The venue of fighting between the rival Maratha powers and the headquarters of the Pindaris , who were irregular plunderers. The Pindaris were rooted out in a campaign by the British general Lord Hastings , and further order was established under Sir John Malcolm . The Holkar dynasty ruled Malwa from Indore and Maheshwar on the Narmada until 1818, when the Marathas were defeated by the British in
26163-411: The venue of fighting between the rival Maratha powers and the headquarters of the Pindaris , who were irregular plunderers. The Pindaris were rooted out in a campaign by the British general Lord Hastings , and further order was established under Sir John Malcolm . The Holkar dynasty ruled Malwa from Indore and Maheshwar on the Narmada until 1818, when the Marathas were defeated by the British in
26334-721: The west by the Vagad region and Gujarat . To the south and east is the Vindhya Range and to the north is the Bundelkhand upland. The plateau is an extension of the Deccan Traps , formed between 60 and 68 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period . In this region the main classes of soil are black , brown and bhatori (stony) soil. The volcanic, clay-like soil of the region owes its black colour to
26505-430: The west by the Vagad region and Gujarat . To the south and east is the Vindhya Range and to the north is the Bundelkhand upland. The plateau is an extension of the Deccan Traps , formed between 60 and 68 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period . In this region the main classes of soil are black , brown and bhatori (stony) soil. The volcanic, clay-like soil of the region owes its black colour to
26676-506: The west. The region includes the Madhya Pradesh districts of Agar , Dewas , Dhar , Indore , Jhabua , Mandsaur , Neemuch , Rajgarh , Ratlam , Shajapur , Ujjain , and parts of Guna and Sehore , and the Rajasthan districts of Jhalawar and parts of Kota , Banswara and Pratapgarh . Malwa is bounded in the north-east by the Hadoti region, in the north-west by the Mewar region, in
26847-403: The west. The region includes the Madhya Pradesh districts of Agar , Dewas , Dhar , Indore , Jhabua , Mandsaur , Neemuch , Rajgarh , Ratlam , Shajapur , Ujjain , and parts of Guna and Sehore , and the Rajasthan districts of Jhalawar and parts of Kota , Banswara and Pratapgarh . Malwa is bounded in the north-east by the Hadoti region, in the north-west by the Mewar region, in
27018-416: The world. There is a central, government-owned opium and alkaloid factory in the city of Neemuch. Nevertheless, there is a still a significant amount of illicit opium production, which is channelled into the black market. The headquarters of India's Central Bureau of Narcotics is in Gwalior . The Rajputana-Malwa Railway was opened in 1876. The region is predominantly agricultural. The brown soil in parts of
27189-416: The world. There is a central, government-owned opium and alkaloid factory in the city of Neemuch. Nevertheless, there is a still a significant amount of illicit opium production, which is channelled into the black market. The headquarters of India's Central Bureau of Narcotics is in Gwalior . The Rajputana-Malwa Railway was opened in 1876. The region is predominantly agricultural. The brown soil in parts of
27360-441: Was a Chalcolithic archaeological culture which existed in the Malwa region, as well as nearby parts of Maharashtra to the south, during the 2nd millennium BCE. Ujjain , also known historically as Ujjaiyini and Avanti , emerged as the first major centre in the Malwa region during India's second wave of urbanisation in the 7th century BC (the first wave was the Indus Valley Civilization ). Around 600 BC an earthen rampart
27531-400: Was built around Ujjain, enclosing a city of considerable size. Ujjain was the capital city of the Avanti kingdom, one of the prominent mahajanapadas of ancient India. In the post- Mahabharata period—around 500 BC— Avanti was an important kingdom in western India; it was ruled by the Haihayas , a people who were responsible for the destruction of Naga power in western India . The region
27702-494: Was capital of his kingdom and was of great importance but Rai refused Babur offer and choose to die. He was defeated by Babur in January 1528 at Battle of Chanderi and Babur conquer the fort. Gujarat stormed Mandu in 1518. In 1531, Bahadur Shah of Gujarat , captured Mandu, executed Mahmud II (1511–31), and shortly after that, the Malwa sultanate collapsed. The Mughal emperor Akbar captured Malwa in 1562 and made it
27873-439: Was capital of his kingdom and was of great importance but Rai refused Babur offer and choose to die. He was defeated by Babur in January 1528 at Battle of Chanderi and Babur conquer the fort. Gujarat stormed Mandu in 1518. In 1531, Bahadur Shah of Gujarat , captured Mandu, executed Mahmud II (1511–31), and shortly after that, the Malwa sultanate collapsed. The Mughal emperor Akbar captured Malwa in 1562 and made it
28044-418: Was commissioned on 30 September 2011. It is to assess and quantify the solar radiation availability, along with weather parameters, with a view to develop a solar atlas . Report of Solar Radiation Resource Assessment (SRRA) Station at Neemuch can be found online. It indicates monthly values of solar radiation and meteorological parameters. An ophthalmic centre that under the leadership of G.D. Agrawal and
28215-432: Was conquered by the Nanda Empire in the mid-4th century BC, and subsequently became part of the Maurya Empire . Ashoka , who was later a Mauryan emperor, was governor of Ujjain in his youth. After the death of Ashoka in 232 BC, the Maurya Empire began to collapse. Although evidence is sparse, Malwa was probably ruled by the Kushanas , the Shakas and the Satavahana dynasty during the 1st and 2nd century CE. Ownership of
28386-479: Was due to the drought conditions in the district. Wind direction is from south—west to north in April to September months and in the remaining months of the year it is north—east direction to south-west direction. Wind speed is low in two months of the year. The soils in the district are generally of four types viz., medium deep black cotton soil, red loamy soil , laterite soil and alluvial soil . Black cotton soil
28557-414: Was introduced by the Mughals . The year is popularly divided into three seasons: summer, the rains, and winter. Summer extends over the months of Chaitra to Jyestha (mid-March to mid-May). The average maximum temperature during the summer months is 37 °C, which typically rises to around 40 °C on a few days. The rainy season starts with the first showers of Aashaadha (mid-June) and extends to
28728-414: Was introduced by the Mughals . The year is popularly divided into three seasons: summer, the rains, and winter. Summer extends over the months of Chaitra to Jyestha (mid-March to mid-May). The average maximum temperature during the summer months is 37 °C, which typically rises to around 40 °C on a few days. The rainy season starts with the first showers of Aashaadha (mid-June) and extends to
28899-435: Was strongly attached to Malwa, and did not want to stay in Rajasthan. After marriage, she was allowed to visit Malwa only once a year; Gana-gour symbolises these annual return visits. The festival is observed by women in the region once in the month of Chaitra (mid-March) and Bhadra (mid-August). The Ghadlya (earthen pot) festival is celebrated by the girls of the region, who gather to visit every house in their village in
29070-435: Was strongly attached to Malwa, and did not want to stay in Rajasthan. After marriage, she was allowed to visit Malwa only once a year; Gana-gour symbolises these annual return visits. The festival is observed by women in the region once in the month of Chaitra (mid-March) and Bhadra (mid-August). The Ghadlya (earthen pot) festival is celebrated by the girls of the region, who gather to visit every house in their village in
29241-407: Was the subject of dispute between the Western Kshatrapas and the Satavahanas during the first three centuries AD. Ujjain emerged a major trading centre during the 1st century AD. Malwa became part of the Gupta Empire during the reign of Chandragupta II (375–413), also known as Vikramaditya , who conquered the region, driving out the Western Kshatrapas . The Gupta period is widely regarded as
#20979