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Ntezi

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33-586: Ntezi is located in the eastern outskirt of Ishielu LGA of Ebonyi State in Nigeria . Ntezi is pronounced Eh-teh-ji (Eteji) by the natives, and belongs to the Orring, Oring or Orri People. The dialect of Ntezi is K'eteji with the attached 'k' prefix given the name Keteji , a sub-language of korring spoken by Orring people in their diverse dialects across their settlements in Nigeria and Cameroon. Ntezi

66-609: A 1999 lecture sponsored by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese in Owerri . Igbo (and its dialects) is the dominant language in the following Nigerian states: Lexical categories in Igbo include nouns, pronouns, numerals, verbs, adjectives, conjunctions, and a single preposition. The meaning of na , the single preposition, is flexible and must be ascertained from the context. Examples from Emenanjo (2015) illustrate

99-729: A humid tropical climate, with one rainy season and one dry season lasting for 8 and 4 months, respectively. The temperature typically ranges from 20 to 38 degrees Celsius during the dry season and from 16 to 28 degrees Celsius during the rainy season. Harmattan winds are common between December and January. The average annual temperature is 28 degrees Celsius, and the average annual humidity is 50-60%. The region receives an average annual precipitation of 2500mm. There are several Igbo dialects spoken in Ebonyi State which includes Edda , Ehugbo (Afikpo), Izzi - Ezza - Mgbo - Ikwo dialect cluster, Oshiri, Unwara, Akpoha, Okposi, Amasiri, Onicha; and

132-404: A literary form in 1939 by Ida C. Ward , it was gradually accepted by missionaries, writers, and publishers across the region. Standard Igbo aims to cross-pollinate Central Igbo with words from other Igbo dialects, with the adoption of loan words . Chinua Achebe passionately denounced language standardization efforts, beginning with Union Igbo through to Central and finally Standard Igbo, in

165-594: A mixed Igbo and Kogi dialects spoken in Amuda-Okpolo, Ntezi-Okpoto and Effium , which is also similar to Kukele in Cross River, and Utonkon in Benue States respectively. The State government is led by a democratically elected governor who works closely with members of the state's house of assembly. The Capital city of the state is Abakaliki. The electoral system of each state is selected using

198-481: A modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two -third of the State local government Areas. If no candidate passes threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government Areas. In 1999, Dr. Sam Ominyi Egwu

231-466: A part of the post-independence Eastern Region until 1967 when the region was split and the area became part of the East Central State . Less than two months afterwards, the former Eastern Region attempted to secede in the three-year long Nigerian Civil War with Ebonyi as a part of the secessionist state of Biafra . At the war's end and the reunification of Nigeria, the East Central State

264-537: A part. This claim was further backup by the writings of Nnamdi, a historian from the department of History and International Relations in Ebonyi State University; and Offorka from the department of Linguistics in University of Nigerian Nsukka that came up with a concise agreement stating some fact and semantic relationship of Korring language and Bantu. Chief discovery of this assumption centers on

297-670: Is Korring which is further group dialectically according individual communities and clans of the Orring people. According to A.E. Afigbo and A.I. Alagoa in Obaro Ikeme's " Groundwork of Nigerian History ", K'orring is classified understand the Benue Congo language family. While Greenberg classified K'orring language family as part of the Bantoid languages of the Cross River and Benue Congo language family which Igbo language forms

330-593: Is a state in the South-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria , bordered to the north and northeast by Benue State , Enugu State to the west, Cross River State to the east and southeast, and Abia State to the southwest. Named for the Abonyi (Aboine) River —a large part of which is in the state's south—Ebonyi State was formed from parts of Abia and Enugu state in 1996 and has its capital in Abakaliki . One of

363-402: Is an Orring sub-ethnic group. The Orring people occupy a scattered heterogeneous territories coexisting in three states in three geopolitical zones in Nigeria which are Benue, Cross River and Ebonyi States. Orring people are the aboriginal Abakaliki people settling in the town of Ntezi-Aba living alongside their Mbembe and Ekoi neighbours prior to the coming of the later Abakaliki group. Over

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396-505: Is limited mutual intelligibility between the different groupings (north, west, south and east). A standard literary language termed 'Igbo izugbe' (meaning "general igbo") was generically developed and later adopted around 1972, with its core foundation based on the Orlu ( Isu dialects), Anambra ( Awka dialects) and Umuahia ( Ohuhu dialects), omitting the nasalization and aspiration of those varieties. The first book to publish Igbo terms

429-415: Is mining due to lead , zinc , and limestone deposits around Abakaliki, and locally hand-made baskets of various sizes at Ntezi . Ebonyi has the joint-twentieth highest Human Development Index in the country and numerous institutions of tertiary education. It was one of the six states created in 1996 by the then federal military government of General Sani Abacha . Bounded by the states of Benue to

462-773: Is primarily an agricultural region. It is a leading producer of rice, yam , potatoes, maize, beans , and cassava , and have a notable basket market in Nigeria. Rice is predominantly cultivated in Ikwo, yams in Izzi, with other regions in the state such as Amasiri, Edda and Ezillo making notable contributions, Effium and Ezzamgo taking the top spots in cassava production, and basket production in Ntezi. Ebonyi has several solid mineral resources, including lead, crude oil , and natural gas, but few large-scale commercial mining mines. The state government has, however, given some incentives to investors in

495-524: Is the principal native language cluster of the Igbo people , an ethnicity in the Southeastern part of Nigeria . Igbo Languages are spoken by a total of 31 million people. The number of Igboid languages depends on how one classifies a language versus a dialect , so there could be around 35 different Igbo languages. The core Igbo cluster, or Igbo proper, is generally thought to be one language but there

528-562: The River Aloma , which flow along Ebonyi's southeastern and eastern borders, respectively; while fellow Cross River tributaries, the Abonyi (Aboine), Asu, and Eze Aku rivers run through the state's interior. There are other smaller rivers like Ichelle and igbe which also form boundaries between Benue and Ebonyi States to the West. After independence in 1960, the area of now-Ebonyi was

561-1401: The Abakaliki division make up Ebonyi North and Ebonyi Central senatorial zones, while the Afikpo, Ohaozara, Onicha and Ivo division make up the Ebonyi South senatorial zone. Ebonyi has thirteen local government areas as well as local development centres created by the state government. It is home to eight prominent higher institutions of learning: Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki (EBSU) ; Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo ; Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana ; Federal College of Agriculture, Ishiagu ; Federal College of Education (Technical), Isu ; Ebonyi State College of Education Ikwo (EBSCOEI); College of Health Sciences, Ezzamgbo; School of Nursing and Midwifery Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Afikpo; School of Nursing and Midwifery Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki and Ebonyi State College of Health and Midwifery (EBSCONMU), Uburu. In 2021, three other Universities were introduced by Governor David Umahi, Aeronautical Engineering and that of Technology in Ezza and Izzi Local Government Areas (LGA), and King David University of Medical Science, Uburu, Ohaozara LGA, Ebonyi State. Ebonyi State has

594-681: The Abakaliki end of the Abakaliki-Afikpo Expressway. Ebonyi has 23 flyovers, the highest in South East Nigeria . Ebonyi state is known for its trademark concrete roads and multicolored infrastructure, began by former governor Dave Umahi. Ebonyi State consists of thirteen (13) Local Government Areas . They are: Igbo language is the primary language and there is Korring language spoken by the Orring people of Ebonyi state who are also found in their numbers in northern Cross River state who are known as Ukelle people, and

627-815: The British Niger Expeditions of 1854 and 1857, Samuel Ajayi Crowther , published an Igbo primer coded by a young Igbo missionary named Simon Jonas, who travelled with him to Aboh in 1857. The language was standardized in church usage by the Union Igbo Bible (1913). Central Igbo, is based on the dialects of two members of the Ezinifite group of Igbo in Central Owerri Province between the towns of Owerri and Umuahia in Eastern Nigeria. From its proposal as

660-675: The Dioceses of Abakaliki led by Bishop Monday Nkwoagu, Anglican Diocese of Abakaliki Afikpo led by Bishop Paul Udogu (2010), Anglican Diocese of Afikpo Ikwo led by Bishop Kenneth C. Ifemene, Anglican Diocese of Ikwo and Ngbo led by Bishop Godwin A Awoke (2018) Anglican Diocese of Ngbo . A list of tertiary institutions in Ebonyi state includes: Igbo language Igbo ( English: / ˈ iː b oʊ / EE -boh , US also / ˈ ɪ ɡ b oʊ / IG -boh ; Standard Igbo: Ásụ̀sụ́ Ìgbò [ásʊ̀sʊ̀ ìɡ͡bò] )

693-626: The Ogbia, Ufia and Utonkon; and in Cross River State are the Ukele, Wanikom, Wanikom, Izekwe, Wanikade, Akunakwina, among others. The Ukele speak a Korring dialect called Kukele (k'ukele), while Ufia of Benue speaks Kufia (k'ufia), K'idzem for Amuda natively called ' Idzem ', and Kuffium for the Effium natively called 'Uffium'. Ebonyi State Ebonyi State ( Igbo : Ȯra Ebonyi )

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726-634: The Ufia and the Ogballa people found in Ado and Oju LGAs of Benue state. There are primarily eleven Igbo dialects spoken in Ebonyi states. They are: Afikpo, Mgbo, Izzi, Ezaa, Edda, Ikwo, Kukele, Legbo, ohofia-agba, Mbembe, Okposi, Uburu. Languages of Ebonyi State listed by LGA: Ebonyi State are predominantly Christians . The Catholic Diocese of Abakaliki (1973) with 174 parishes is under Bishop Peter Nworie Chukwu (2021). [1] The Anglican Province of Enugu includes

759-547: The agro-allied sector to encourage production but capacity remains largely under utilized. Ebonyi is called "the salt of the nation" for its huge salt deposit at the Okposi and Uburu Salt Lakes. There are also some tourist locations within the state prominent ones include Abakaliki Green Lake, Uburu Salt Lake, Unwana and Ikwo Beaches. Ebonyi has the Ebonyi State International Airport , built on

792-1091: The language similarities with the Bantoid "Kwararafa empire" which stretched from the Benue river far to the Cameron mountain. For instance, Bantu means 'the people'. This is the root of the Korring word for people called 'banuo (gbanuo) ' and the Kukelle word ballot . Such similarities support the works of Greenberg in classification of Cross-River languages. The Kins of Ntezi in Ebonyi are Okpoto (Lame) in Ishielu LGA, Amuda (Idzem) and Okpomoro (Okpolo) in Ezza North LGA, and Effium (Uffium) in Ohaukwu LGA. Ntezi also have kins in Benue State, which are

825-577: The north for about 96 km (partly across the Ichelle and Igbe Rivers), Cross River to the east for 198 km (123 miles, partly across the River Aloma and Cross River), Abia to the south for 70 km (43 miles), and Enugu to the west. The State of Ebonyi was created from parts of both Enugu State and Abia State , which were the Abakaliki division from Enugu State and the Afikpo division from Abia State respectively. It has three senatorial zones,

858-558: The outskirts to the southwest and Southeast of Ntezi respectively. Prior to Colonialism, to Nigeria Civil War, down to the present period, the Orring people of Ebonyi state simply identify with their counterparts as Igbo, bearing Igbo names and terms, cultural values, linguistic connectivity, and other identity factors. Orring to the average Orring person simply refer themselves as Igbo, and strongly maintain Igbiod personality across anywhere they found themselves. The language of Orring people

891-698: The range of meaning: O 3sg bì live n' Enugwū. PREP -Enugwū O bì n' Enugwū. 3sg live PREP -Enugwū 'He lives in Enugwū.' O 3sg bì live ebe here à this n' ogè PREP -time agha. war O bì ebe à n' ogè agha. 3sg live here this PREP -time war 'He lived here during the time of the war.' Ndị people Fàda Catholic kwènyèrè believe n' atọ̀ PREP -three n' ime PREP -inside otù. one Ndị Fàda kwènyèrè n' atọ̀ n' ime otù. people Catholic believe PREP -three PREP -inside one 'The Catholics believe in

924-525: The smallest states of Nigeria , Ebonyi is the 33rd largest in area and 29th most populous with an estimated population of nearly 2.9 million as of 2016. Geographically, the state is divided between the Cross–Niger transition forests in the far south and the drier Guinean forest–savanna mosaic in the rest of the state. The other important geographical features are the Cross River and its tributary,

957-526: The southern part of Ohaukwu, Ntezi is bordered in the north by Ngbo people , southwest by Okpoto people (an Orring community), northwest by Ezillo people , northeast by Ezzamgbo people , and southeast by Ezza people and Amuda people (an Orring community). Ntezi has five Oring speaking villages namely: Agaga, Ulepa, Iyokpa, Amata and Biledeba. These villages are further made up of various hamlets, lineages called Lèmá and farm settlements; there are also two villages of Umuezeka and Umuezekoha settlements at

990-519: The years, this proximity has led to beliefs and cultural exchanges, such as intergroup relationships through marriage, that have resulted in the creation of mixed civilizations. Ntezi is located in eastern part of Ishielu LGA, in Ebonyi state, Nigeria . The present settlements of Orring People of Ebonyi State are: Ntezi and Okpoto as found in Ishielu LGA, Effium in Ohaukwu, and Amuda and Okpomoro in

1023-818: Was History of the Mission of the Evangelical Brothers in the Caribbean ( German : Geschichte der Mission der Evangelischen Brüder auf den Carabischen Inseln ), published in 1777. Shortly afterwards in 1789, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano was published in London, England, written by Olaudah Equiano , who was a former slave , featuring 79 Igbo words. The narrative also illustrated various aspects of Igbo life in detail, based on Equiano's experiences in his hometown of Essaka. Following

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1056-556: Was elected as the first governor of the state under the People's Democratic Party (PDP). He was succeeded by Martin Elechi who was elected in 2007 and successfully ran for re-election in 2011, under the same PDP. Gov Martin Elechi was succeeded by the current Governor, Dave Umahi , who was elected in the March 2015 election and re-elected in March 2019 for a second term in office. Ebonyi

1089-500: Was reformed until 1976 when the state's north became Anambra State and the south became Imo State . Fifteen years afterwards, Anambra and Imo states were divided with their eastern parts becoming Enugu State and Abia State , respectively. It was not until 1996, when Enugu State's east and Abia's northeast were split off and joined to form Ebonyi State. Economically, Ebonyi State is based around agriculture, mainly of yams , rice , oil palm , and cassava crops. A key minor industry

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