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43-685: Following the Battle of Odawara in 1590, Toyotomi Hideyoshi awarded a 27,000 koku area of Numata to Sanada Masayuki . However, Masayuki was based at Ueda Castle in Shinano Province , and thus entrusted the lands to his son, Sanada Nobuyuki . In the subsequent conflict between the Toyotomi and Tokugawa , the Sanada clan hedged its bets with Sanada Nobuyuki siding with Tokugawa Ieyasu and fighting against his brother, Sanada Yukimura at

86-641: A branch of the Kuroda clan was transferred from Hitachi Province to Numata, and ruled over two generations to 1742. The Kuroda clan was replaced by Toki Yoritoshi in 1742, formerly from Tanaka Domain and a former rōjū , and the Toki clan would continue to rule Numata to the Meiji Restoration . During the Boshin War , the final daimyō, Toki Yorioki sided with the imperial forces and participated in

129-502: A campaign to hunt down Sadatsuna. Formerly amicable alliances were cast aside as he began to attack and conquer the lands of Sadatsuna's allies in pursuit, even those of his kin in Mutsu and Dewa Province . In the winter of 1585, one of these allies, Nihonmatsu Yoshitsugu felt defeat was approaching and chose to surrender to the Date instead. Masamune agreed to accept the surrender, but on

172-514: A few small skirmishes erupted around the castle, as when a group of miners from Kai Province dug under the castle walls, allowing men under Ii Naomasa to enter. After three months, the sudden appearance of Ishigakiyama Ichiya Castle took away the Hōjō defenders' will to resist and they surrendered. In addition to taking Odawara Castle , Hideyoshi also defeated the Hōjō at their outposts, led by Maeda Toshiie and Uesugi Kagekatsu this army captured

215-548: A major power in northern Japan, Masamune was naturally viewed with suspicion, as any potential rival would be viewed. Toyotomi Hideyoshi reduced the size of his land holdings after his tardiness in coming to the Siege of Odawara against Hōjō Ujimasa . In 1591, Masamune forfeited the ancestral land of the Date Clan (present day Date City , Kawamata , Koori , and Kunimi ) to Hideyoshi, causing widespread riots. He never regained

258-446: A reckless, but astute general with a penchant for using humorous English verses, he is also notable for carrying six katanas, which he can equip as "dragon's claws", wielding them between his fingers, three in each hand. The professional wrestling organization Osaka Pro Wrestling featured two wrestlers using the ring names Masamune and Hideyoshi, who together form the tag team "Sengoku". In Oda Cinnamon Nobunaga , Masamune

301-687: A series of tiny islands, was praised for its beauty and serenity by the wandering haiku poet Matsuo Bashō . He showed sympathy for Christian missionaries and traders in Japan. In addition to allowing them to come and preach in his province, he also released the prisoner and missionary Padre Sotelo from the hands of Tokugawa Ieyasu. Date Masamune allowed Sotelo as well as other missionaries to practice their religion and win converts in Tōhoku. Masamune notably funded and backed one of Japan's few journeys of far-flung diplomacy and exploration in this period. He ordered

344-461: Is referenced multiple times upon the cast arriving in Sendai. The statue at Aobayama Park is visited immediately upon arriving in the city, and a shrine that appears similar to his gravesite also appears. In the video game AI: The Somnium Files , the protagonist, Kaname Date, has his left eye removed prior to the game's story, which is likely a reference to Masamune, himself. Ken Watanabe played

387-513: Is reincarnated as a French bulldog nicknamed Boo in modern-day Japan. In Ginga Densetsu Weed: Orion , Masamune's dog version is the main antagonist. His father, Terumune and Kojuuruu also play roles in the comic. In the popular Netflix miniseries Age of Samurai: Battle for Japan , Date Masamune is portrayed by actor Hideaki Itō . In the video game Persona 5 Strikers (known as Persona 5 Scramble: The Phantom Strikers in Japan), Masamune

430-406: Is the protagonist of the anime series Masamune Datenicle , produced by the city of Date in collaboration with Fukushima Gainax in order to promote the city's historic connection to the Date Clan. In this series, he is depicted as a child taking on the role of leader of his clan for the first time. Previous leaders of the Date Clan manifest in order to help him prepare for his first battle. In

473-462: The Battle of Aizu . After the end of the conflict, with the abolition of the han system in July 1871, Numata Domain became "Numata Prefecture", which later became part of Gunma Prefecture. The domain had a population of 47,177 people in 13,715 households per a census in 1681. As with most domains in the han system , Numata Domain consisted of several discontinuous territories calculated to provide

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516-573: The Battle of Sekigahara . As a reward for his services, Sanada Nobuyuki was subsequently confirmed by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1600 as daimyō over the combined Ueda and Numata territories and his revenues were increased to 95,000 koku . In 1616, Nobuyuki relocated from Numata to Ueda, entrusting Numata to his son, Sanada Nobuyoshi , but Numata was not officially recognized as a separate domain until 1656. The final Sanada daimyō, Sanada Nobutoshi , profited tremendously by under-representing his income to

559-472: The Toyotomi Clan . Later in 1616, when Tokugawa Ieyasu was on his deathbed, Masamune visited him and read him a piece of Zen poetry. Masamune was highly respected for his ethics ; a still-quoted aphorism is, "Rectitude carried to excess hardens into stiffness; benevolence indulged beyond measure sinks into weakness." Masamune was viewed with caution by Ieyasu and Hidetada , but gained trust during

602-515: The Tōhoku-region daimyō to participate in the campaign. Although Masamune refused Hideyoshi's demands at first, he had no real choice in the matter since Hideyoshi was the virtual ruler of Japan. Masamune still delayed, infuriating Hideyoshi. Expecting to be executed, Masamune, wearing his finest clothes and showing no fear, faced his angry overlord. Not wanting further trouble, Hideyoshi spared his life, saying that "He could be of some use." Being

645-601: The Date clan fought many battles with their neighbours afterwards, including the Siege of Kurokawa and Battle of Suriagehara against Ashina clan . After defeating the Ashina clan, Masamune made Kurokawa Castle in Aizu domain his base of operations. Later, Masamune fought in the Siege of Sukagawa and defeated Nikaidō clan . In the end 1589, Masamune sealed the Date clan's hegemony over southern Mutsu Province . In 1590, Toyotomi Hideyoshi seized Odawara Castle and compelled

688-489: The Date clan territory. Masamune expanded trade in the northeastern Tōhoku region. Although initially faced with attacks by hostile clans, he managed to overcome them after a few defeats and eventually ruled one of the largest fiefdoms of the later Tokugawa shogunate . He built many palaces and worked on many projects to beautify the region. He is also known to have encouraged foreigners to come to his land. Even though he funded and promoted an envoy to establish relations with

731-474: The Hideyoshi Korean invasions In 1592–1598. In 1598, after Hideyoshi's death, Masamune began to support Tokugawa Ieyasu —apparently at the advice of Katakura Kojūrō . Tokugawa Ieyasu increased the size of his lands again, but was constantly suspicious of Masamune and his policies. Although Tokugawa Ieyasu and other Date allies were always suspicious of him, Date Masamune for the most part served

774-649: The Hōjō in Shimōsa , also saw Sakura Castle fall to Honda Tadakatsu and Sakai Ietsugu of the Tokugawa army during the campaign. Chiba Shigetane , daimyō of the Chiba, surrendered the castle to the besieging forces on the condition that his clan would not be abolished. While the Chiba were consequently divested of all of their holdings, many of their senior members were taken into service by Tokugawa retainer Ii Naomasa , thanks to aid he had received many years earlier from

817-510: The Hōjō strongholds one-by-one: Matsuida Castle , Minowa Castle , Maebashi Castle , Matsuyama Castle and Hachigata castle before finally arriving at Hachiōji Castle , and Shizuoka in and near the southwestern part of the Kantō region . Included Shimoda fortress at Ise Province led by Chosokabe Motochika , where Hideyoshi's naval forces defeated the Izu suigun . The Chiba clan , allies of

860-513: The Pope in Rome, he was likely motivated at least in part by a desire for foreign technology, similar to that of other lords, such as Oda Nobunaga . Further, once Tokugawa Ieyasu outlawed Christianity, Masamune reversed his position, and though disliking it, let Ieyasu persecute Christians in his domain. For 270 years, Tōhoku remained a place of tourism, trade, and prosperity. Matsushima , for instance,

903-482: The Tokugawa loyally. In 1600, under Tokugawa eastern army, he fought in Sekigahara Campaign at Siege of Shiroishi and Siege of Hasedo . Later, Tokugawa Ieyasu awarded Masamune the lordship of the huge and profitable Sendai Domain , which made Masamune one of Japan's most powerful daimyō . Tokugawa had promised Masamune a one-million koku domain, but, even after substantial improvements were made,

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946-476: The age of 14 in 1581, Masamune led his first campaign, helping his father fight the Sōma clan . His buddhist name is “Zuiganjiden Teizan Zenri Daikoji”. In 1584, at the age of 17, Masamune succeeded his father, Terumune, who chose to retire from his position as daimyō . Masamune's army was recognized by its black armor and golden headgear. Masamune is known for a few things that made him stand out from other daimyō of

989-526: The assigned kokudaka , based on periodic cadastral surveys and projected agricultural yields. Siege of Odawara (1590) The third Siege of Odawara ( 小田原征伐 , Odawara seibatsu ) occurred in 1590, and was the primary action in Toyotomi Hideyoshi 's campaign to eliminate the Hōjō clan as a threat to his power. The months leading up to it saw hasty but major improvements in the defense of

1032-539: The building of the exploration ship San Juan Bautista , using foreign (European) ship-building techniques. He sent one of his retainers, Hasekura Tsunenaga , Sotelo, and an embassy numbering 180 on a successful voyage to establish relations with the Pope in Rome . This expedition visited such places as the Philippines , Mexico , Spain and Rome. Previously, Japanese lords had never funded this sort of venture, so it

1075-504: The castle at Masamune's hands. Afterward, Ishida Mitsunari went to the castle to grieve his master's demise. Date Masamune Date Masamune ( 伊達 政宗 , DAH -tay ; September 5, 1567 – June 27, 1636) was a Japanese daimyō during the Azuchi–Momoyama period through the early Edo period . Heir to a long line of powerful feudal lords in the Tōhoku region , he went on to found

1118-446: The castle in what has been called "the most unconventional siege lines in samurai history." The samurai were entertained by everything from concubines, prostitutes, and musicians to acrobats, fire-eaters, and jugglers. The defenders slept on the ramparts with their arquebuses and armor; despite their smaller numbers, they discouraged Hideyoshi from attacking. So, for the most part, this siege consisted of traditional starvation tactics. Only

1161-560: The castle, as Hideyoshi's intentions became clear. Thus, despite the overwhelming force brought to bear by Hideyoshi, the siege saw little actual fighting. In 1588, Toyotomi Hideyoshi succeeded in re-unifying the nation, after several campaigns following the death of Oda Nobunaga in 1582. Hideyoshi asked Hōjō Ujimasa and Ujinao (father and son), to attend the imperial visit to Jurakudai (Hideyoshi's residence and office in Kyoto), but Ujimasa refused. However, Ujimasa proposed to reschedule

1204-484: The clan during the occupation of Takeda Katsuyori's Tsutsujigasaki Castle . However, at Siege of Oshi castle led by Ishida Mitsunari , the defenders surrendered after hearing word that their lord had been defeated at Odawara. Hōjō Ujimasa failed to hold Odawara against the forces of Toyotomi Hideyoshi and finally Odawara was taken. Later, Ujimasa was forced to commit suicide along with his brother Ujiteru . Tokugawa Ieyasu , one of Hideyoshi's top generals,

1247-418: The eye for him, making him the "One-Eyed Dragon" of Ōshu. The Date clan had built alliances with neighboring clans through marriages over previous generations, but local disputes remained commonplace. Shortly after Masamune's succession in 1584, a Date retainer named Ōuchi Sadatsuna defected to the Ashina clan of the Aizu region. Masamune declared war on Ōuchi and the Ashina for this betrayal, and started

1290-526: The hands of Nihonmatsu Yoshitsugu, Masamune swore vengeance. In January 1586, Masamune had his revenge by launching an attack against the Nihonmatsu at the Battle of Hitotoribashi . The following year, Date Masamune once again attacked Nihonmatsu at Battle of Koriyama in 1588, The son of Hatakeyama Yoshitsugu set the castle on fire and fled to Aizu . Various records of the event exist, although they present different accounts of its circumstances. In 1589,

1333-612: The heavy condition that the Nihonmatsu give up most of their territory to the Date. This resulted in Yoshitsugu kidnapping Masamune's father Terumune during their meeting in Miyamori Castle, where Terumune was staying during the time. The incident ended with Terumune and Yoshitsugu killed as the fleeing Nihonmatsu party clashed with the pursuing Date troops near the Abukuma River . Due to the death of Date Terumune by

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1376-500: The land only produced 640,000 koku , most of which was used to feed the Edo region. In 1604, Masamune, accompanied by 52,000 vassals and their families, moved to what was then the small fishing village of Sendai . He left his fourth son, Date Muneyasu, to rule Iwadeyama. Masamune would turn Sendai into a large and prosperous city. In 1614 and 1615, he fought in the Osaka campaigns against

1419-539: The modern-day city of Sendai . An outstanding tactician, he was made all the more iconic for his missing eye, as Masamune was often called dokuganryū (独眼竜), or the "One-Eyed Dragon of Ōshū " . As a legendary warrior and leader, Masamune is a character in a number of Japanese period dramas . Date Masamune was born as Bontenmaru (梵天丸) later Tojirō (藤次郎), as the eldest son of Date Terumune , likely born in Yonezawa Castle (in modern Yamagata Prefecture ). At

1462-552: The reign of Iemitsu . As someone who did not experience the Warring States period , Iemitsu had a fondness for hearing stories from the warlords who lived during that time, such as Masamune and Tachibana Muneshige . In 1636, Masamune died of a combination of esophageal cancer and peritonitis at the age of 68 years. He was returned to Sendai in the same daimyō procession as when he was alive. The bakufu gave approval for his eldest legitimate son, Date Tadamune , to inherit

1505-591: The sheer size of Odawara Castle in the game, it is divided into two stages, the eastern side besieged by the Tokugawa, Chōsokabe (in Xtreme Legends only), Shimazu , and Date armies, and the western side besieged by the Toyotomi main army. In the Sengoku Basara Season 2 anime, Odawara Castle was the setting for the fight between Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Date Masamune. Hideyoshi was killed in

1548-627: The shogunate and with the lumber trade. This enabled him to rebuild Numata Castle on a large scale with a 5-story donjon , and rebuilt the clan's residences in Edo on a large scale. The financial irregularities were eventually discovered, and the shogunate seized the domain in 1681. In 1703, the domain was revived when a branch of the Honda clan was transferred from Shimosa Province , and ruled for three generations until they were transferred to Tanaka Domain in Suruga Province in 1730. In 1732,

1591-476: The territory. After he fought against Kunohe Rebellion , he was given Iwatesawa and the surrounding lands as his home domain. Masamune moved there, rebuilt the Iwatesawa Castle , renamed it Iwadeyama , and encouraged the growth of a town at its base. Masamune stayed at Iwadeyama for 13 years and turned the region into a major political and economic center. He and his men served with distinction in

1634-476: The time. In particular, his famous crescent-moon-bearing helmet won him a fearsome reputation. As a child, smallpox robbed him of sight in his right eye, though it is unclear exactly how he lost the organ entirely. Various theories behind the eye's condition exist. Some sources say he plucked out the eye himself when a senior member of the clan pointed out that an enemy could grab it in a fight. Others say that he had his trusted retainer Katakura Kojūrō gouge out

1677-527: The video game series Samurai Warriors ( Koei ) Masamune Date is featured as a playable character. In his first appearance, he was a very young man and fought with dual wooden swords, later, his appearance was changed to be a bit older and his weapons were switched out for a more European style sword and a pair of pistols. He is also a prominent character in the Sengoku Basara series ( Capcom ), and has been featured in every major release, portrayed as

1720-466: The visit to spring or summer of 1590, but Hideyoshi in turn refused the proposal, which worsened their relationship. In May 1590, Hideyoshi launched the Odawara Campaign against Hōjō. Ujimasa held a faint hope that Date Masamune would come to offer support, and if the battle reached a stalemate, Tokugawa Ieyasu would defect to our side. The massive army of Toyotomi Hideyoshi surrounded

1763-614: Was a Christian. Like many figures of the Sengoku period, Date Masamune has been featured in literature, film, manga, anime, video games, and other media. There are a few prominent and notable examples. In the Iver P. Cooper 1632 series book 1636: Seas of Fortune , Masamune is a prominent character in the short novel Rising Sun which is set in the North Pacific region focusing on Japan's expansion into North America . Masamune

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1806-470: Was given the Hōjō lands. Though Hideyoshi could not have guessed it at the time, this would turn out to be a great stepping-stone towards Tokugawa's attempts at conquest and the office of shogun. The tea master Yamanoue Sōji was at the service of the Odawara lords. He was sentenced to death by torture. The siege of Odawara is the climax of Hideyoshi's story in the video game Samurai Warriors 2 . Due to

1849-510: Was probably the first successful voyage. At least five members of the expedition stayed in Coria (Seville) of Spain to avoid the persecution of Christians in Japan. 600 of their descendants, with the surname Japón (Japan), are now living in Spain. When the Tokugawa government banned Christianity, Masamune had to obey the law. However, some sources suggest that Masamune's eldest daughter, Irohahime,

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