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54-667: Unlike conventional MMA in Japan, Smackgirl did not allow striking to the head while in a grounded position. There was also a 30-second limit for ground fighting but it was abolished by 2008. There were four weight classes: flyweight (under 48 kg), lightweight (under 52 kg), middleweight (under 58 kg), and openweight (no limit). Before being Smackgirl, the ReMix banner was used and held its first event in December ;5, 2000  ( 2000-12-05 ) . After another event with

108-457: A K-1 rules match by unanimous decision at Japan-South Korea friendship international martial arts tournament Gladiator Okayama tournament . At Jewels 7th Ring on March 19, 2010  ( 2010-03-19 ) , Ham had an exhibition match against Shoot boxing rising star Rena Kubota . Ham earned another unanimous decision victory over Japanese fighter Miyu Matsui on April 25, 2010  ( 2010-04-25 ) at Gladiator 6 , winning

162-403: A "seatbelt" securing the opponent. Though an effective lock, it is more difficult than other armlocks to successfully apply. The technique called a monoplata is a similar armlock that resembles jūji-gatame or spiderweb position yet has a mechanism like an omoplata. Tsunetane Oda, a judo groundwork specialist who died in 1955, was shown on video to have demonstrated the technique. A hammerlock

216-417: A catchweight bout due to Hirata's history of missing weight. The pair was rescheduled for March 25, 2023, at ONE Fight Night 8 . She won the fight via unanimous decision. Ham faced Stamp Fairtex at ONE Fight Night 14 on September 29, 2023. The bout was originally scheduled to be for the interim ONE Women's Atomweight title , however after reigning champion Angela Lee announced her retirement during

270-403: A cross. In general, the practitioner secures an arm at the wrist of the opponent, trapping it by squeezing the knees together. To initiate the submission one of the legs will be across the chest of the opponent, the second leg's calf will cross face the opponent, with the hips tight into the armpit, with the arm held between the thighs, with the elbow pointing against the thigh or hips. By holding

324-478: A judoka and a professional wrestler Masahiko Kimura used it to defeat one of the founders of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Hélio Gracie . This variation of the name gained more prominence in MMA after the introduction of UFC, and the role Gracie had in its early history. Although a top wristlock is technically a reverse double wristlock, UFC announcer Bruce Buffer still announces fights won by top wristlock as "by tap-out due to

378-536: A kimura". The double wristlock is considered in catch wrestling to be the bread-and-butter part of their style. Professional wrestler Terry Funk credits Lorigo "Tony" Morelli with introducing the hold to wrestling "in the '20s", and expressed light frustration with the term "kimura" gradually replacing "double wristlock". He says Morelli set it up by giving opponents (either in fixed matches or legitimate challenges) his back, while standing, throughout his thirty-year career. A reporter for The Spokesman-Review used

432-510: A lock on the targeted arm, while preventing the opponent from escaping the lock. Therefore, performing an armlock is less problematic on the ground, from positions such as the mount , side control , or guard . Armlocks are more difficult to perform when both combatants are standing up, though the stand-up variants are a focus in certain systems such as Chin Na . Armlocks, considered less dangerous techniques in combat sports allowing joint locks, are

486-407: A medial keylock known in judo as gyaku ude-garami (reverse arm entanglement) or simply as ude-garami . The application is similar to the top wristlock, except that it is reversed. It needs some space behind the opponent to be effective, and can be applied from the side control or guard. Contrary to the top wristlock, the opponent's wrist is grabbed with the hand on the same side, and the opposite arm

540-430: A mixed martial arts rules match at Gladiator 15: GI 2 . Ham defeated Saito by unanimous decision. Ham faced Mei Yamaguchi in a Jewels vs. Valkyrie match at Jewels 15th Ring on July 9, 2011  ( 2011-07-09 ) . She defeated Yamaguchi by unanimous decision. Ham challenged Jewels champion Ayaka Hamasaki in a rematch at Jewels 17th Ring on December 17, 2011  ( 2011-12-17 ) . She

594-470: A unanimous decision victory over Ayumi Saito on September 6, 2007  ( 2007-09-06 ) at Smackgirl 2007: Queens' Hottest Summer . On December 26, 2007  ( 2007-12-26 ) at Smackgirl 7th anniversary: Starting Over , Ham challenged Smackgirl Lightweight Champion Yuka Tsuji for her title, losing by unanimous decision in a match that Tsuji completely dominated. On February 14, 2008  ( 2008-02-14 ) , Ham participated in

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648-409: Is a grappling keylock technique in which both of the practitioner's arms isolate and cause flexion to the shoulder , elbow , and to a lesser extent the wrist of the opponent. The technique is generally set in motion by the practitioner, using their opposite side hand (i.e. to target the opponents' right hand he uses his own left hand), pinning the opponent's arm to the ground at the wrist, so that

702-426: Is a shoulder lock similar to the double wristlock where the opponent's arm is held bent against their back, and their hand forced upwards towards the neck, thereby applying pressure to the shoulder joint . This version of the rotational armlock has been present in wrestling circles for centuries and its earliest appearance is in a 16th century German book detailing techniques for European Wrestling. In BJJ circles, this

756-412: Is a single or double joint lock that hyperextends, hyperflexes or hyperrotates the elbow joint or shoulder joint . An armpit lock is very useful; it will immobilize an opponent and pin them on the ground. An armlock that hyperextends the elbow is known as an armbar, and it includes the traditional armbar (pressing the elbow against the thigh or hips), the shoulder triangle armbar (where a figure-four

810-405: Is another bent arm shoulder lock. The locking mechanism is similar to the kimura bent arm lock, but instead of using a figure-four, it is applied using a leg. The omoplata can be applied from the guard, by placing one leg under the opponent's armpit and turning 180 degrees in the direction of that leg, so that the leg moves over the back of the opponent and entangles the opponent's arm. By controlling

864-641: Is brought up to a twisting hammerlock, it becomes an illegal hold and must be stopped by the Referee...". Elsewhere, it prohibits preventing an opponent from escaping with a bodylock, with low-quality photographic illustration. It also noted concern for the danger of a legally applied double wristlock. Robin Reed had used the move to force pins on his way to an Olympic gold medal in 1924. The omoplata (referred to in judo as ashi-sankaku-garami , 三角絡み, "triangular entanglement" and in catch wrestling as coil lock )

918-487: Is focused in stopping the strangle. The "shoulder lock" is a technique used as a method of upper body restraint. It should not be confused with a choke because the lock does not block or interfere with the flow of air or oxygen to the brain. The application is executed by applying pressure between the radial bone and shoulder. The top shoulder lock , (Also known as the figure-four armlock , bent armlock , americana , keylock , V1 armlock , paintbrush , or ude-garami )

972-522: Is locked with the legs), and the shotgun armbar (where the opponent's wrist is placed in the armpit, using the forearm as a fulcrum). An armlock that hyper-rotates the arm is known as an armcoil, and includes the americana, kimura, and omaplata. Depending on the joint flexibility of a person, armcoils can either hyperrotate only the shoulder joint, only the elbow joint, or both the elbow joint and shoulder joint. Obtaining an armlock requires effective use of full-body leverage in order to initiate and secure

1026-531: Is put behind the opponent's arm, again grabbing the attacker's wrist and forming a figure-four . By controlling the opponent's body and cranking the arm away from the attacker, pressure is put on the shoulder joint, and depending on the angle, also the elbow joint (in some variations the opponent's arm is brought behind their back, resulting in a finishing position resembling that of the hammerlock outlined below). The name "kimura" started circulating in Brazil after

1080-401: Is reportedly at least 200 years old. The flying armbar or tobi-jūji-gatame (飛び十字固め) is a version of the jūji-gatame that is performed from a stand-up position. Without a gi, it is typically applied when the opponent has a collar tie and arm control. By tightly holding the opponent's neck and arm, the practitioner places one of his shins against the opponent's midsection, and leans up on

1134-481: Is the side mount position. This technique also has numerous variations with their own nomenclature, for instance depending on the rotational direction the arm, the addition of the word "reverse" signifying medial rotation as in reverse keylock or reverse ude-garami , in which case the usage of "keylock" indicates lateral rotation only. Double wristlock/chicken wing ( catch wrestling ), kimura ( Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu ), or reverse keylock are terms used to specify

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1188-759: The Smackgirl World ReMix Tournament 2008 Opening Round , where she defeated Saori Ishioka by unanimous decision. In the tournament semi-finals on April 25, 2008  ( 2008-04-25 ) , Abe Ani Combat Club star Megumi Fujii handed Ham her third professional defeat by submitting her with an armbar in the Smackgirl World ReMix Tournament 2008 Second Round . After a year without fights in MMA, Ham made her debut with MMA promotion Jewels and earned another victory on September 13, 2009  ( 2009-09-13 ) by defeating Misaki Takimoto by unanimous decision at Jewels 5th Ring . Ham next participated at Jewels 9th Ring in

1242-544: The CMA KPW Lightweight Championship. On February 27, 2011  ( 2011-02-27 ) , Ham faced Megumi Yabushita for a second time at Gladiator 14: KOK Samurai Series . Ham won the fight by TKO in the second round. On August 19, 2011  ( 2011-08-19 ) , Ham entered the 2011 Shoot Boxing Girls S-Cup tournament. She defeated Emi Fujino and Mina in the opening rounds, but lost to Erika Kamimura via unanimous decision in

1296-532: The MMA promotions Deep , Smackgirl , Jewels , Road FC , UFC , and Rizin . She is a former Jewels Atomweight Champion , former Road FC Women's Atomweight Champion , and former Rizin Women's Super Atomweight Champion . Ham was born on ( 1987-03-08 ) March 8, 1987 in Gangwon Province , South Korea . She started training in kickboxing in 2004, when she was in her second year of high school. She

1350-506: The Night bonus award. She lost to Danielle Taylor at UFC Fight Night 101 on Nov. 26, 2016 via split decision and was subsequently released from the promotion. After briefly considering retirement, Ham signed with Road FC where she became the atomweight champion with a victory over Mina Kurobe . On December 23, 2017, she successfully defended her atomweight championship with a first round stoppage over Jinh Yu Frey . On June 21, 2019, it

1404-494: The ONE Championship committee left the result standing. Ham was scheduled to face Stamp Fairtex in the semi-final bout of ONE Women's Atomweight Grand Prix at ONE Championship: Next Generation on October 29, 2021. Ham had to pull out of the bout due to injury and was replaced by alternate bout winner Julie Mezabarba. Ham was scheduled to rematch Denice Zamboanga at ONE: X on December 5, 2021. Their rematch

1458-602: The Queen Paint the Shinjuku Red on Mar 11, 2007 Seo Hee Ham Ham Seo-hee ( Korean : 함서희 ; [ham sʌhi] ; born March 8, 1987), anglicised as Seo Hee Ham , is a South Korean professional mixed martial artist and kickboxer . She is currently signed to ONE Championship , where she is ranked #1 in the ONE Championship Women's Atomweight rankings. Ham previously competed in

1512-628: The ReMix brand, the promotion morphed into Smackgirl in May ;2001  ( 2001-05 ) . 1. def. Maiko Ohkada at Smackgirl: Dynamic!! on Aug 17, 2005 2. def. Cami Hostetler at Smackgirl: Queen’s Triumphant Return on Apr 22, 2006 3. def. Tomomi Sunaba at Smackgirl: Top Girl Battle on Jun 30, 2006 4. def. Thricia Poovey at Smackgirl: The Dance of the Taisho Romance on Apr 28, 2007 5. def. Seo Hee Ham at Smackgirl: Starting Over on Dec 26, 2007 1. def. Misaki Takimoto at Smackgirl: Will

1566-425: The armbar, a combination of an armbar and tomoe nage, which is also used by wrestling, Judo and BJJ . When the attacker stands in front of the opponent, he grabs both of his arms and falls backwards, causing the opponent to lean forward. Then the attacker puts his feet on the opponent's stomach or hips and lifts him up with his feet. While securing one of the opponents arms, the attacker will drop one foot (Same side as

1620-419: The elbow falls at a right angle with the palm facing upwards. Subsequently, the practitioner will thread his opposite hand under the opponent's biceps, reach through and grasp his own wrist. Doing so creates the signature " figure four ", from which one name for this technique was derived. This also gives the practitioner a mechanical advantage over the opponent. To finish the submission the practitioner slides

1674-473: The event, the fight became for the vacant undisputed title. Ham lost the fight via technical knockout in the third round. Ham had her first professional kickboxing match at CMA Festival 2: Ikuhisa Minowa Debut 10 Anniversary Tournament on July 23, 2007  ( 2007-07-23 ) , where she defeated former Smackgirl Open Weight Champion Megumi Yabushita by unanimous decision. On November 3, 2009  ( 2009-11-03 ) , Ham defeated Ayano Oishi in

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1728-435: The fight by unanimous decision. Ham was expected to face Bec Rawlings on May 10, 2015 at UFC Fight Night 65 . However, Ham pulled out of the bout on April 10 and was replaced by Lisa Ellis . After nearly a year away from the company, Ham returned to face Cortney Casey on November 28, 2015 at UFC Fight Night: Henderson vs. Masvidal . She won the fight via unanimous decision. The win also earned Ham her first Fight of

1782-448: The first round of the inaugural Jewels Lightweight Queen Tournament, held to crown the first Jewels Lightweight Champion, where she defeated Mai Ichii by unanimous decision on July 31, 2010  ( 2010-07-31 ) . Ham was slated to compete at Jewels 10th Ring , but since she decided to participate in two kickboxing matches with conflicting dates, Jewels released her. Jewels later announced that she would still participate in

1836-421: The ground. (With a gi, it can be performed without needing to hold the neck.) If improperly performed, this technique can allow the opponent to escape, and gain an advantageous position. The flying armbar is considered to be one of the most visually spectacular joint locks, but it is uncommon because of the associated risk of falling into a poor position . The helicopter armbar is a slightly different version of

1890-503: The hips closer to the opponent's elbow and crossing one leg to make a leg triangle around and press down the opponent's humerus/scapula/biceps and triceps/shoulder, could make the hold more secure while additionally allowing the practitioner to deliver strikes to the opponent's head and neck with the non-crossed leg. This technique is used in various grappling martial arts, including but not limited to Brazilian jiu-jitsu , catch wrestling , judo , jujutsu , Sambo , and shoot wrestling , and

1944-441: The knee generally placed close to the opponent's armpit. The advantage of this modification is that the attacking practitioner's hips more closely engage with the defender's shoulders, making the forthcoming armbar submission easier to accomplish. However, the disadvantage of this modification is that the associated risk of injury is increased due to the attacker's increased height above the ground and near-vertical upside-down angle to

1998-567: The most common joint locks used as submission holds . In training, the method of executing an armlock is generally slow and controlled to give the opponent time to submit prior to any infliction of injury. However, in self-defense applications, or when applied improperly or with excessive force, armlocks can cause muscle , tendon and ligament damage, even dislocation , or bone fractures . The jūji-gatame (十字固め, rendered as " Ude-Hishigi-Juji-Gatame "), which translates to "cross pin" or "cross hold down" also sometimes used interchangeably with

2052-703: The new Jewels Atomweight queen champion. Following Jewels' closure, Ham's title was renamed the Deep Jewels Atomweight championship. She defended the title against Sadae Numata at Deep Jewels 2 on November 4, 2013  ( 2013-11-04 ) . Ham won the fight by unanimous decision. In early November 2014, Seo Hee Ham signed a four-fight contract with Ultimate Fighting Championship to join UFC's Strawweight division. She made her debut against Joanne Calderwood at The Ultimate Fighter: A Champion Will Be Crowned Finale on December 12, 2014. She lost

2106-402: The opponent's body and pushing the arm perpendicularly away from the opponent's back, pressure can be put on the opponent's shoulder. It is also possible to put pressure on the elbow joint by bending the leg entangling the arm, and twisting it in a specific manner. In order to secure the opponent and prevent him from rolling out of the lock, the inner arm can be thrown over the opponent's waist as

2160-419: The opponent's wrist to the attacker's chest with the pinky finger on the sternum and the thumb facing up (arm semi- supinated or semi- pronated ), the practitioner can easily extend the opponent's arm and hyperextend the opponent's elbow. The attacker can further increase the pressure on the elbow joint by arching his hips against the elbow. Alternatively, gripping the opponent's wrist and forearm, while pushing

2214-408: The opponent; at the same time, the attacker swings the leg on the same side as the opponent's collar tie over the opponent's head, into the typical jūji-gatame position. A slight modification of this maneuver can also be made. Instead of initiating the move by placing the shin against the opponent's midsection, the lower leg can be directed through the space between the arm and trunk of the opponent with

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2268-571: The ring bearing resemblance to the character Arale Norimaki from the manga series Dr. Slump . Currently, Ham uses "Hamzzang" as her official nickname. Ham debuted against Japanese MMA veteran Hisae Watanabe on February 16, 2007  ( 2007-02-16 ) at Deep 28 Impact , upsetting the favorite Watanabe by winning via unanimous decision. Ham was defeated by Miku Matsumoto via triangle choke submission on May 13, 2007  ( 2007-05-13 ) at clubDeep Toyama: Barbarian Festival 6 . Ham rebounded back from her first loss with

2322-430: The secured arm). This will cause the opponent to twist and fall, landing with the secured arm extended by the attacker. The sankaku-gatame (三角固め) or triangle armlock is a jūji-gatame performed from the sankaku position. It is normally used when the shime (strangle) is not working. It is an effective competition technique because the opponent's arm became exposed while defending the sankaku-jime and their attention

2376-673: The semi-finals of the Lightweight Queen Tournament at Jewels 11th Ring . Ham faced Mika Nagano in the semi-finals and defeated Nagano by split decision. In the tournament final later that night, Ham was defeated by Ayaka Hamasaki via unanimous decision. Ham had a rematch against Saori Ishioka on February 25, 2011  ( 2011-02-25 ) at DEEP: 52 Impact in Tokyo, Japan . She once again defeated Ishioka by unanimous decision. On March 6, 2011  ( 2011-03-06 ) , Ham faced Anna Saito in

2430-465: The term in June 1925 to describe a submission by Jim "Cyclone Thompson" Corrigan over the deputy sheriff of Worley, Idaho , without elaborating on the mechanics. The Wichita Eagle did likewise that April, for Dick Daviscourt's first fall on strongman Henry "Milo" Steinborn. The 1928 National Collegiate Athletic Association rulebook noted, "Attention is called to the fact that if the double wristlock

2484-491: The terms armbar , cross armbar or straight armbar , is a Jujutsu, and thus a Judo, technique also widely used in other grappling martial arts such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu (BJJ). The English word "bar" is used here to signify the opponent's extended arm, while the Japanese word "jūji" (十字) refers to the armbar's visual resemblance to the number 10 as written in kanji , 十. The word jūji is also found in "jūjika" (十字架), meaning

2538-783: The tournament final. Ham faced Erika Kamimura in a rematch at Rise 88 on June 2, 2012  ( 2012-06-02 ) . She was defeated by unanimous decision. Ham entered the 2012 Shoot Boxing Girls S-Cup on August 25, 2012  ( 2012-08-25 ) . She defeated Lisa Ellis to advance to the semi-final round, but lost to Rena Kubota via unanimous decision. Ham defeated pro-wrestler Stalker Ichikawa by left high kick KO at Gladiator 10 on October 3, 2010  ( 2010-10-03 ) . She defeated pro-wrestler Antonio Koinoki by KO at Gladiator 11 on October 9, 2010  ( 2010-10-09 ) . Legend :    Win    Loss    Draw/No contest Armlock An armlock in grappling

2592-624: The trilogy fight via split decision, becoming the second Rizin Women's Super Atomweight Champion . Ham vacated her Rizin Atomweight title in October 2020, as she couldn't come to an agreement with Rizin for her next fight. After vacating her Rizin Atomweight title, Ham signed with ONE Championship , where she will compete in the atomweight division. She was scheduled to take part in the ONE Atomweight Grand Prix. It

2646-419: The wrist of the opponent toward the lower body, while simultaneously elevating the elbow and forearm, in a motion resembling using a paintbrush, creating opposition to the joints and causing the necessary flexion in the shoulder and elbow to cause significant pain, and damage if the opponent fails to submit. While it is feasible to execute this technique from several different positions, the most commonly utilized

2700-465: Was announced Ham would face former DEEP Champion Tomo Maesawa at Rizin 17 on July 28, 2019. She won the fight by TKO in the first round. Next, Ham faced Miyuu Yamamoto at Rizin 19 on October 12, 2019. She won the fight via technical knockout in the second round. With two consecutive victories in Rizin, Ham earned a title shot against Ayaka Hamasaki at Rizin 20 on December 31, 2019. She won

2754-602: Was defeated by TKO (corner stoppage) after the first round when she could not continue due to injury. On April 21, 2013  ( 2013-04-21 ) , Ham faced pro wrestler Ryo Mizunami at Gladiator: Dream, Power and Hope . She defeated Mizunami by submission due to an armbar early in the first round. Ham dropped down in weight to challenge Naho Sugiyama for the Jewels Atomweight queen title at Jewels 24th Ring on May 25, 2013  ( 2013-05-25 ) . She defeated Sugiyama by unanimous decision to become

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2808-550: Was introduced to the Japanese MMA scene by UFC fighter Kim Dong-hyun . With few female fighters to train with in South Korea, Ham regularly trains with male fighters, such as fellow gym member Dong Hyun Kim . She is nicknamed "Hamderlei Silva" because of the similarities between her fighting style and Wanderlei Silva 's style. In Japan, she is occasionally nicknamed "Arale-chan", in reference to her looks outside of

2862-413: Was later postponed to March 6, 2022. Ham failed the hydration test the day before the fight, and was given until midnight to pass. Ham was able to pass the test in the mandated time and won the fight by unanimous decision. Ham was scheduled to face Itsuki Hirata at ONE 163 on November 18, 2022. However, Hirata missed weight and failed the hydration test, and the match was scrapped after Ham declined

2916-455: Was reported that Ham will face Denice Zamboanga in the quarter-final of the ONE Women's Atomweight Grand Prix at ONE Championship: Empower on May 28, 2021. The event was later postponed due to COVID-19 precautions. The event was rescheduled for September 3, 2021. She won the close bout via split decision. Due to the controversy the decision stirred, the bout was placed under review but

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