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21-522: It is named for Antoine Soulard and Julia Cérre Soulard . Antoine Soulard first began to develop the land given to him by his father-in-law, Jean-Gabriel Cerré . Soulard was a surveyor for the Spanish government and a refugee from the French Revolution in the 1790s. It is home to several nineteenth century church buildings, including Trinity Lutheran . One of the oldest communities in

42-781: A tribunal in Havana in June 1812. De Lassus had resigned his commission in 1811 and refused to participate in the inquiry. Ultimately, in August 1814, he was sentenced to death in abstentia . In 1811, he married Adelayda Elena Feliciana Martina Leonard (1791–1816), daughter of Don Gilberto Leonard. They had one child, Auguste de Hault de Lassus (1813–1908), who lived to adulthood. After resigning his commission, de Lassus and his wife lived in New Orleans. After Adelayda died during childbirth in 1816, de Lassus returned to St. Louis where he purchased

63-603: The Ohio River on a keelboat , eventually arriving in Ste. Genevieve . Soulard arrived in Ste. Genevieve by February 1794. Rumors of an invasion of Spanish Upper Louisiana by French and American troops convinced Spanish authorities that the town needed to be fortified. Soulard was appointed to supervise the construction of a fort in Ste. Genevieve. Upon completion of the fort, Soulard then traveled to St. Louis. He introduced himself to

84-558: The Americans believed it had been included in the sale. Planters in Feliciana complained that Spanish officials were corrupt and nonresponsive, and de Lassus felt the small garrison at Baton Rouge was woefully inadequate for maintaining order in the territory. The district faced pressures from multiple fronts, including American land claims, bandits, military deserters, hostile indigenous people, and people who had escaped enslavement. At

105-733: The Missouri River without first consulting his superiors. Lewis, established Camp Dubois to wait out the winter as de Lassus sought approval from his superiors, Casa Calvo and Juan Manuel de Salcedo . Permission arrived at the end of January 1804. At the same time, moves were underway to support the transfer of Upper Louisiana to France and then to the United States under the terms of the Louisiana Purchase . In February 1804, de Lassus received via U.S. Army Capt. Amos Stoddard word from Casa Calvo and Salcedo regarding

126-635: The Soulard Restoration Group and the Soulard Business Association, organize events, keep the neighborhood clean and safe, and publish a newspaper, The Soulard Renaissance . It is home to Soulard Farmers Market , the oldest farmers' market west of the Mississippi. More than a hundred vendors include farmers, produce vendors, meat shops, spice shops, florist shops, and food. Soulard Market is featured in

147-631: The United States. Trudeau added to Soulard's responsibilities, appointing him to the position of adjutant pro tem of the lieutenant governor on October 30, 1795. Soon after this new appointment, Soulard married Marie Julia Cérre , the daughter of a wealthy merchant and fur-trader, Jean-Gabriel Cerré . Soulard and his wife remained in St. Louis for the rest of their lives. They had several children, including James Gaston, Henry Gustave, Eliza, and Benjamin Antoine. Soulard died in St. Louis on March 10, 1825, and

168-604: The city, Soulard is today a largely residential neighborhood whose many businesses include restaurants, bars, and the North American headquarters of Anheuser-Busch , which houses the St. Louis Brewery . The neighborhood is divided roughly by Lynch Street; north of which is mostly row homes and small apartments, and south of which is largely the Anheuser-Busch Brewery and headquarters. Many of its houses date to

189-527: The conventions, by September 1810 the planters rejected continued negotiations with Spanish officials. On the morning of September 23, 1810, an armed group led by Philemon Thomas successfully captured Fort San Carlos in Baton Rouge, imprisoned de Lassus, and declared an independent Republic of West Florida . Spanish officials blamed de Lassus for the loss of the Florida Parishes, holding

210-682: The governor of the Baton Rouge District of West Florida at the time of the West Florida Controversy . De Lassus was born in Bouchain , France, to Pierre-Charles de Hault de Lassus, Marquis de Luzières, and Domitille-Joséphe Dumont Danzin de Beaufort. De Lassus's grandfather, Charles-Philippe, had been mayor of Bouchain and an advisor to Louis XVI . At the age of 15, de Lassus joined the Spanish army and rose to

231-666: The governors of Spanish Louisiana and the Captaincy General of Cuba . In 1802 he was promoted to the rank of colonel. His first act upon taking command in St. Louis was to order a population census of Upper Louisiana, which recorded 6,028 people—4,948 whites, 883 enslaved people, and 197 freedmen. Native Americans were not included in the census. When the Lewis and Clark Expedition reached St. Louis in December 1803, de Lassus refused Meriwether Lewis permission to proceed up

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252-457: The lieutenant-governor of Upper Louisiana , Zénon Trudeau . Soulard was appointed the first surveyor-general of Spanish Upper Louisiana on February 3, 1795, by Trudeau. He performed at least 710 surveys from 1795 to 1806. Soulard remained in this position during the tenure of the next lieutenant governor, Carlos de Hault de Lassus , eventually resigning in May 1806 after the area was turned over to

273-421: The mid- to late-19th century. Soulard also has several historic churches. Many of its bars host live music, especially the blues and jazz bands for which the city is known. The barrelhouse blues piano player James Crutchfield lived in the neighborhood from 1984 until his death in 2001 and performed in many of the nightclubs. The district hosts regular pub crawls . Various neighborhood groups, including

294-606: The opening scene of Alan Schroeder's picture book Ragtime Tumpie . Soulard hosts many events throughout the year, including celebrations of Mardi Gras and Oktoberfest . In 2020, Soulard's population was 75.2% White, 15.8% Black , 0.2% Native American , 1.1% Asian, 0% Pacific Islander, 1.5% from some other race, and 6.0% from two or more races. 4.3% of the population was of Hispanic origin. 38°36′19″N 90°12′31″W  /  38.6053°N 90.2086°W  / 38.6053; -90.2086 Antoine Soulard Antoine Pierre Soulard (November 16, 1766 – March 11, 1825)

315-860: The rank of lieutenant colonel and earned a place in the Walloon Guards . He became a second lieutenant of the Grenadiers of the Fifth Battalion, and when 29 was brevetted Lieutenant Colonel in recognition of his bravery in leading a successful assault upon and capturing Fort St. Elmo in the Pyrenees in 1793. During the French Revolution , de Lassus's parents fled to Spanish Louisiana in 1791, settling in New Bourbon , an area near modern Ste. Genevieve, Missouri , set up by Louisiana Governor Baron de Carondelet to attract others fleeing

336-436: The revolution. Three years later, in 1794, de Lassus sought a transfer to Louisiana, arriving in New Orleans in 1794 and soon being appointed commandant at New Madrid . In New Madrid, his brother-in-law, Pierre Derbigny , served as his interpreter and secretary. In July 1799, he was appointed by Spanish authorities as lieutenant governor of Alta Luisiana, and commander of St. Louis , replacing Zénon Trudeau , reporting to

357-425: The same time, rumors of a French Republican effort to take West Florida for France were circulating. Feleciana planters, displeased with de Lassus's response to their concerns and accusing him of corruption, began organizing popular conventions in the summer of 1810. At the same time American interests were encouraging President James Madison to annex the Spanish territories. Although de Lassus initially worked with

378-693: The territory until he received orders to convey his soldiers and munitions to New Orleans. His next posting was to succeeded Carlos de Grand Pré as Spanish governor of the Baton Rouge District in December 1808. In St. Louis, de Lassus had been considered an effective administrator, but in West Florida he was considered indecisive and unprepared. Since the Louisiana Purchase, the western end of West Florida had been disputed territory. The Spanish had administrative control, but

399-522: The transfer of St. Louis and from French Prefect Pierre-Clément de Laussat that Stoddard would act as France's representative in the transfer. De Lassus began making the preparations and in March 1804 he oversaw the Three Flags Day ceremonies as power was transferred from Spain to France to the United States. He remained in St. Louis until October 1804, managing lingering details of the transfer of

420-771: Was an early settler and government official of St. Louis , Missouri . Born to Henri Francois Soulard and Marie Francoise (Leroux) Soulard in Rochefort , France, Soulard became a lieutenant in the French navy . His father and brother also were French naval officers. With the French Revolution , and the subsequent Reign of Terror , Soulard fled his homeland for the United States. He arrived in Marblehead , Massachusetts , in 1794. Knowing that there were many fellow Frenchmen in St. Louis, Soulard began his journey there. He traveled across Pennsylvania on horseback, then floated down

441-540: Was interred in Calvary Cemetery . The Soulard neighborhood and Soulard Farmers Market in St. Louis are named for the Soulard family. Carlos de Hault de Lassus Carlos de Hault de Lassus (1767–1813) was the last lieutenant governor of Spanish Upper Louisiana ( Alta Luisiana ), overseeing the handover of St. Louis to the Americans after the sale of Louisiana . He later served briefly as

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