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107-440: The Southfield City Centre was created in 1992 as a special assessment district, and it was originally planned to improve pedestrian amenities and facilitate economic development. The area has approximately 36,000 (including retail) office workers in finance, insurance, real estate, health care, IT, automotive, government, education, software, and other emerging industries. The City Centre is a pedestrian friendly mixed-use district for

214-521: A $ 1 million gift from an anonymous donor, during the summer of 2016 Lawrence Tech constructed an AstroTurf surface athletic field at the Point, the part of campus at the intersection of Northwestern Highway and 10 Mile Road. LTU's men's and women's soccer and lacrosse teams began playing on this field in August 2016. The project also includes a 40-car parking lot. In the summer of 2018, lighting for night games,

321-613: A campus in then rural Southfield. Since the university was founded as an engineering school, it is fitting that the first building constructed on the Southfield campus was the Engineering building. The campus master plan was created by professor Earl W. Pellerin, who also led the teams that designed the Architecture and Science Buildings, the university's first residence hall on Ten Mile Road, University Housing-South, and what

428-461: A city self-sustaining particularly with regard to water, for example, to harvest water locally, recycle it, re-use it and integrate stormwater management into everyday infrastructure. The multi-functionality of this approach is key to the efficient and sustainable use of land, especially in a compact and bustling country such as England where pressures on land are particularly acute. An example might be an urban edge river floodplain which provides

535-412: A concession and restroom building. In January 2017, Lawrence Tech announced that it would resume intercollegiate football competition, after a hiatus of more than 70 years dating back to just after World War II. The university admitted two recruiting classes of about 90 student-athletes for a team that competed as an independent squad in the fall of 2018, and which began playing a full varsity schedule in

642-547: A design aspect, giving nature a space among the public. A common urban habitat, the lawn, consists of short grass and sometimes herbaceous plants. While modern artificial lawns have been connected to a negative environmental impact, lawns in the past have been more sustainable, and they promoted biodiversity and the growth of native plants. These historical lawns are impacting lawn design today to create more sustainable ‘alternative lawns’. In Medieval Europe, lawns rich with flowers and herbaceous plants known as ‘flower meads’ are

749-439: A form of stormwater management using water capture. Rain gardens are shallow depressed areas in the landscape, planted with shrubs and plants that are used to collect rainwater from roofs or pavement and allows for the stormwater to slowly infiltrate into the ground. Ubiquitous lawn grass is not a solution for controlling runoff, so an alternative is required to reduce urban and suburban first flush (highly toxic) runoff and to slow

856-717: A good example of a more sustainable lawn. Since then, this idea has been used. In the Edwardian Era, lawns full of thyme, whose flowers attracted insects and pollinators, created biodiversity. A 20th century take on this lawn, the ‘enamelled mead’, has been used in England, and has the purpose of both aesthetics and for stormwater management. During the height of the Renaissance, public areas became more common in new cities and infrastructure. These areas were carefully selected and would often be urban parks and gardens for

963-535: A lily pond, and pedestrian paths. Proximity and access to water have been key factors in human settlement through history. Water, along with the spaces around it, create a potential for transport, trade, and power generation. They also provide the human population with resources like recreation and tourism in addition to drinking water and food. Many of the world's largest cities are located near water sources, and networks of urban "blue infrastructure", such as canals, harbors and so forth, have been constructed to capture

1070-512: A majority of the poles were topped with solar-activated, battery-powered blue lights. The park was funded by 3,665 sponsors in a 2017 Patronicity crowdfunding campaign and a matched grant through the Michigan Economic Development Corporation 's (MEDC) Public Spaces, Community Places initiative. The poles represent the conscious choice of the community to embrace civic values. Throughout the city's history,

1177-919: A minute into the sewer system, which increases the risk of basement backups and sewer overflows. In attempts to reduce the amount of rainwater that enters the combined sewer systems, agencies such as the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District amended regulations that require downspout disconnection at residential areas. Bioswales are stormwater runoff systems providing an alternative to traditional storm sewers . Much like rain gardens, bioswales are vegetated or mulched channels commonly placed in long narrow spaces in urban areas. They absorb flows or carry stormwater runoff from heavy rains into sewer channels or directly to surface waters. Vegetated bioswales infiltrate, slow down, and filter stormwater flows that are most beneficial along streets and parking lots. The Trust for Public Land

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1284-472: A network that provides the “ingredients” for solving urban and climatic challenges by building with nature. The main components of this approach include stormwater management, climate adaptation , the reduction of heat stress , increasing biodiversity , food production , better air quality , sustainable energy production, clean water, and healthy soils , as well as more anthropocentric functions, such as increased quality of life through recreation and

1391-451: A new scoreboard with a video replay display, temporary seating for 2,000 fans and a press box were constructed in preparation for the inaugural 2018 season of LTU's football team. The first football game, held Sept. 1, 2018, drew an overflow crowd of more than 3,800 fans. Future plans for the site include permanent stadium seating for 4,000 fans, a two-story team building with locker rooms, a weight room, and offices for trainers and coaches, and

1498-436: A number of projects, commissioned by The Mersey Forest to develop the evidence base for green infrastructure in the region. In particular work has been undertaken to look at the economic value of green infrastructure, the linkage between grey and green infrastructure and also to identify areas where green infrastructure may play critical role in helping to overcome issues such as risks of flood or poor air quality. In March 2011,

1605-575: A park,” and stated the “importance of preserving some portions of nature herself unimpaired.” Frederick Law Olmsted , a landscape architect, agreed with these ideas and planned many parks, areas of preserved land, and scenic roads, and in 1887, the Emerald Necklace of Boston . The Emerald Necklace is a system of public parks linked by parkways that serves as a home to diverse wildlife and provides environmental benefits such as flood protection and water storage. In Europe, Ebenezer Howard led

1712-466: A pep band, a marching band, and cheer and dance teams. In 2024 Men's Hockey DIII won the ACHA national championship defeating GVS 4-2. On campus extracurricular activities include leadership opportunities and more than 40 student clubs and organizations. Student Government represents all organizations on campus. The university generally allows new student clubs in any interest area if they are supported by

1819-422: A potential solution for the stormwater management in highly concentrated urban areas. The social benefit of green roofs is the rooftop agriculture for the residents. Green roofs also sequester rain and carbon pollution. Forty to eighty percent of the total volume of rain that falls on green roofs are able to be reserved. The water released from the roofs flow at a slow pace, reducing the amount of runoff entering

1926-833: A prototype Green Infrastructure Valuation Toolkit was launched. The Toolkit is available under a Creative Commons license, and provides a range of tools that provide economic valuation of green infrastructure interventions. The toolkit has been trialled in a number of areas and strategies, including the Liverpool Green Infrastructure Strategy. In 2012, the Greater London Authority published the All London Green Grid Supplementary Planning Guidance (ALGG SPG) which proposes an integrated network of green and open spaces together with

2033-532: A replacement bike-share provider, Tandem Movatic, which placed nine bike-share stations throughout the district. In 2015, the Southfield City Council approved, through Ord. No. 1657; and Enactment of Arts Commission: Ord. No. 1630, a measure to incorporate public art in the City and established a Public Arts Commission. The city purchased 18 pieces of art, many by mid-century American artists, from

2140-567: A repository for flood waters, acts as a nature reserve , provides a recreational green space and could also be productively farmed (probably through grazing). There is growing evidence that the natural environment also has a positive effect on human health. In the United Kingdom, Green Infrastructure planning is increasingly recognised as a valuable approach for spatial planning and is now seen in national, regional and local planning and policy documents and strategies, for example in

2247-510: A special assessment of five cents ($ .05) per square foot of gross nonresidential building area within the newly expanded City Centre District for a period of five fiscal years effective July 1, 2017 through June 30, 2022. Monies raised will provide funds annually to the CCAB for development, operation, and maintenance, and to promote activities within the district. The council approved Special Assessment P-1174 (FY 2017-2022) on June 12, 2017. In 2016,

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2354-581: A specific Green Infrastructure Policy (EM3 – Green Infrastructure) as well as other references to the concept in other land use development policies (e.g. DP6). The policy was supported by the North West Green Infrastructure Guide. The Green Infrastructure Think Tank (GrITT) provides the support for policy development in the region and manages the web site that acts as a repository for information on Green Infrastructure. The Natural Economy Northwest programme has supported

2461-577: A student petition with at least 30 signatures. The university is also home to chapters of fraternities, including Alpha Sigma Phi , Theta Tau , Sigma Pi , Sigma Phi Epsilon , Phi Kappa Upsilon, and Phi Beta Sigma . The sororities represented on campus include Chi Omega Rho, Delta Tau Sigma, Delta Phi Epsilon , Kappa Beta Gamma , and Delta Sigma Theta . 42°28′29″N 83°14′56″W  /  42.47472°N 83.24889°W  / 42.47472; -83.24889 Green infrastructure Green infrastructure or blue-green infrastructure refers to

2568-635: A supplemental component to other related concepts, and ultimately provides an ecological framework for social, economic, and environmental health of the surroundings. "Blue infrastructure" refers to urban infrastructure relating to water. Blue infrastructure is commonly associated with green infrastructure in urban environments and may be referred to as "blue-green infrastructure" when being viewed in combination. Rivers, streams, ponds, and lakes may exist as natural features within cities, or be added to an urban environment as an aspect of its design. Coastal urban developments may also utilize pre-existing features of

2675-637: A sustainable lawn that showcased natural beauty in suburban areas. These gardens, dating back to the Shang Dynasty (1600–1046 BC), were designed to allow native plant species to thrive in their natural conditions and appear untouched by humans. This created ecological havens within the city. Greece was an early adopter of the concept of green Infrastructure with the invention of Greek agora . Agoras were meeting spaces that were built for social conversations and allowed Greeks to converse in public. Many were built across Greece, and some incorporated nature as

2782-679: A symbol of power and achievement amongst French royalty and the common people at the time. Keeping and making cities green were at the forefront for city planners in France. They often incorporated design elements blending urbanism and nature, forming a relationship that showcased how the French grew alongside nature and often made it a key aspect of their expansion. In 18th century France, citizens were able to request to have old and battered city walls destroyed to make room for new gardens, vegetation sites, and green walkways. This opened up new areas to

2889-621: A theme of sustainability, the poles represent global peace through the May Peace Prevail on Earth International and Amig@s de la Paz (Peace Pals) nonprofit organizations. The installation was dedicated on Nov. 6, 2020. In August 2018, Red Pole Park opened officially on the shared-use path along the Northwestern Highway service drive, north of Civic Center Drive. The 140-linear foot interactive park has 65 repurposed, 35-foot tall telephone poles painted red. In March, 2019,

2996-542: A three-wheel accessible version, available for short-term use by residents, visitors, and the district workforce. By 2019, the number of bike-share stations increased within the Southfield City Centre to nine. Due to the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic in spring 2020, Zagster ceased operating in the Southfield City Centre. By the third quarter of 2020, the City Centre had contracted with

3103-412: A yield rate (the percentage of accepted students who choose to attend the university) of 22.2%. Lawrence Tech's freshman retention rate is 72.95%, with 58.35% going on to graduate within six years. The enrolled first-year class of 2025 had the following standardized test scores: the middle 50% range (25th percentile-75th percentile) of SAT scores was 1040–1250, while the middle 50% range of ACT scores

3210-553: Is also included in "The Best 389 Colleges 2024 edition," a publication listing the nation's top colleges and universities published by Princeton Review Inc., an independent college admissions services, test preparation, and tutoring company. The Lawrence Tech athletic teams are called the Blue Devils. The university is a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA), primarily competing in

3317-854: Is considered a subset of "Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure", which is defined in standards such as SuRe , the Standard for Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure. However, green infrastructure can also mean "low-carbon infrastructure" such as renewable energy infrastructure and public transportation systems (See "low-carbon infrastructure"). Blue-green infrastructure can also be a component of " sustainable drainage systems " or " sustainable urban drainage systems " (SuDS or SUDS) designed to manage water quantity and quality, while providing improvements to biodiversity and amenity. Nature can be used to provide important services for communities by protecting them against flooding or excessive heat, or helping to improve air , soil and water quality . When nature

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3424-413: Is harnessed by people and used as an infrastructural system it is called “green infrastructure”. Many such efforts take as their model prairies, where absorbent soil prevents runoff and vegetation filters out pollutants. Green infrastructure occurs at all scales. It is most often associated with green stormwater management systems , which are smart and cost-effective. However, green infrastructure acts as

3531-627: Is on loan to the 2000 Southfield Town Center building and sits in the lobby. The Peacock , by Arthur Kraft and Gwen Lux was restored and placed in the circular drive outside the main entrance to the Southfield Public Library in October, 2018. In February, 2019, Moby Dick , a sculpture by artist Joseph Anthony McDonnell, was placed in the fountain in the grounds of the Southfield Public Library. In

3638-458: Is sometimes expanded to "multifunctional" green infrastructure. Multifunctionality in this context refers to the integration and interaction of different functions or activities on the same piece of land. The EPA extended the concept of “green infrastructure” to apply to the management of stormwater runoff at the local level through the use of natural systems, or engineered systems that mimic natural systems, to treat polluted runoff . This use of

3745-478: Is working in partnership with the City of Los Angeles' Community Redevelopment Agency, Bureau of Sanitation, the University of Southern California 's Center for Sustainable Cities, and Jefferson High School by converting the existing 900 miles of alleys in the city to green alleys. The concept is to re-engineer existing alleyways to reflect more light to mitigate heat island effect, capture storm water, and make

3852-668: The 1951 National Invitation Tournament , held at Madison Square Garden in New York. Lawrence Tech was defeated by Dayton , 71–77 in the opening round of the tournament. Blaine Denning , an alumnus from the 1951 team, went on to play professional basketball with the Baltimore Bullets of the NBA . Lawrence Tech reinstated athletic programs in 2011 and joined the NAIA. Men's soccer and bowling, along with women's volleyball, joined

3959-480: The Milton Keynes and South Midlands Growth area. In 2009, guidance on green infrastructure planning was published by Natural England. This guidance promotes the importance of green infrastructure in 'place-making', i.e. in recognizing and maintaining the character of a particular location, especially where new developments are planned. In North West England the former Regional Spatial Strategy had

4066-970: The Wolverine–Hoosier Athletic Conference (WHAC) for most of its sports since the 2012–13 academic year; while the university's second men's ice hockey team is a member of the American Collegiate Hockey Association (ACHA) at the Division III level as a member of the Michigan Collegiate Hockey Conference (MCHC); and its football team competes in the Mideast League of the Mid-States Football Association (MSFA). The Blue Devils previously competed as an NAIA Independent within

4173-438: The 17th century that involved incorporating nature in some shape or form. Another example would be the use of promenades that were used by the French elites to flee the unhealthy living conditions of the cities and to avoid the filthy public areas available to the common folks. These areas were lush gardens that had a wide variety of vegetation and foliage that kept the air clean for the wealthy while allowing them to relax away from

4280-508: The 2019 outbreak of coronavirus, Massey gathered input from the Southfield community to develop mosaics on the panels which will line the LTU segment of the path. The community-build installation is expected to be installed in fall 2021. Lawrence Technological University Lawrence Technological University ( Lawrence Tech , LTU ) is a private university in Southfield, Michigan . It

4387-547: The 20th century where efforts in green infrastructure were seen in industrial parks, integrated landscaping, and suburban gardens. The Anaconda Copper Mining Company was responsible for environmental damage in Montana, but a refinery in Great Falls saw this impact and used the surrounding land to create a green open space that was also used for recreation. This natural haven included a golf course, flower beds, picnic areas,

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4494-704: The 5 boroughs in New York. Existing asphalt school yards are converted to a more vibrant and exciting place while also incorporating infrastructure to capture and store rainwater: rain garden, rain barrel, tree groves with pervious pavers, and an artificial field with a turf base. The children are engaged in the design process, lending to a sense of ownership and encourages children to take better care of their school yard. Success in New York has allowed other cities like Philadelphia and Oakland to also convert to green school yards. Low-impact development (also referred to as green stormwater infrastructure) are systems and practices that use or mimic natural processes that result in

4601-750: The Association of Independent Institutions (AII) during the 2011–12 school year (when the school re-instated back its athletics program). Lawrence Tech competes in 26 intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include baseball, basketball, bowling, cross country, football, golf, ice hockey (D-I and D-III), lacrosse, soccer, tennis, track & field (indoor and outdoor) and volleyball; while women's sports include basketball, bowling, cross country, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, softball, tennis, track & field (indoor and outdoor) and volleyball. Lawrence Tech fielded athletic teams throughout its history from 1930 to 1962. The 1950–51 men's basketball team played

4708-569: The CCAB contributed $ 100,000 toward the pedestrian amenities, and the Local Improvement Revolving Fund contributed the remaining $ 1.5 million. Approximately 21,500 motorists travel this road daily. The project reconstructed a one-mile segment of Evergreen Road between 10 and 11 Mile Roads, reducing from six and seven-lane roads into a four-lane boulevard, and incorporating two roundabouts, one at Evergreen and Civic Center Drive (south roundabout) and one at Evergreen and

4815-539: The City Centre."   The City Centre Advisory Board (CCAB) currently has 11 members to oversee the special assessment district. The board members are appointed by the mayor with confirmation by the city council. As the district's geography has expanded, the board has grown from an initial nine members to its current size of 11 members.The Director of Planning and the Southfield Planning Department provide staff support and project management to

4922-656: The City Council, at the request of the CCAB, has approved several special assessments to establish annual operating budgets for activities within the City Centre District. The CCAB has utilized these funds to develop, promote, and maintain the City Centre area. Examples of the use of these funds include: 1) Placemaking through crosswalks; wayfinding signage; public art installations; sidewalk infill and new shared-use pathways; enhanced bus stop shelters; district gateways; and significant financial contribution to

5029-626: The City of Southfield formally completed the Evergreen Road Improvement. The project cost approximately $ 12 million, with $ 4.8 million in federal transportation funding for the road construction, and $ 450,000 from a Michigan Transportation Alternatives Program grant for the pedestrian amenities and stormwater mitigation features. The City's Water and Sewer Fund contributed $ 3.5 million, and the Major Street Fund contributed $ 700,000. The Metro Act Fund provided $ 1 million,

5136-590: The City of Southfield. The fund also supports public engagement of the arts and arts education. In May, 2016, Boy and Bear , a sculpture by artist Marshall Fredericks was the first piece to be placed and now sits inside the lobby entrance to the Southfield Public Library. Prophet , a sculpture by artist Sorel Etrog was restored and installed in the side garden of the Southfield City Hall in March 2018. The Crowd by Italian sculptor Gio Pomodoro

5243-565: The City of Southfield. The main campus of Lawrence Technological University forms the western boundary of the district. Additionally, satellite campuses of Central Michigan University and Siena Heights University exist locally. Historically significant sites such as the Mary Thompson Farm and Southfield Reformed Presbyterian Church are located along the Evergreen Road corridor. Southfield Public Library operates

5350-407: The City's 12-inch water main along the roadway. These improvements reduce storm water runoff by an estimated one-third, or 32,000 cubic feet, and filters the water before it reaches streams and other waterways. Hubbell, Roth & Clark, Inc. provided design and construction engineering services, and Michael J. Dul & Associates, Inc. provided landscape architecture services. Dan's Excavating, Inc.

5457-840: The Mid-States Football Association of the NAIA in the fall of 2019. LTU's first head coach was Jeff Duvendeck . The Blue Devils finished 5–3 in their abbreviated first season, and attracted nearly 4,000 fans to their first game on Sept. 1, 2018. The 2021 LTU football squad finished 7-4 overall, 3–4 in the Mid-States Football Association. In 2021, the university added more teams, including eSports, women's hockey, cheerleading and men's volleyball, and adding to existing programs in women's bowling and track and field. LTU now supports over 30 varsity men's and women's teams in baseball, basketball, bowling, cross country, eSports, football, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, softball, tennis, track and field, and volleyball—along with

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5564-621: The Municipal Campus driveway (north roundabout). Reconstruction included enhancements of landscaping, green infrastructure , irrigation, bollards, planters, LED street lighting, electrical outlets for holiday displays, benches, trash receptacles, bus shelters, mid-block crossings, way-finding signage, historic interpretive panels, shared-use pathways, and sidewalks. Storm water improvements included permeable pavers, bio-retention pond, native plant materials, acquisition of easement for 60-inch storm sewer to improve drainage, replacement of

5671-491: The Southfield City Centre to design the first phase of a shared use pathway system and this environmental art feature as a centerpiece for community engagement. The award is significant in that it was adjudicated by the Iowa Chapter of ASLA, rather than by a local panel. The jury said, "The creative solution and innovative approach to using existing utility infrastructure not only pushed the design further but worked within

5778-403: The Southfield City Centre. The piece was installed in 2020 in the traffic triangle bounded by Evergreen Road, 10 Mile Road and the Northwestern Highway northbound service drive. In 2020, three Southfield Peace Poles were installed in a landscaped garden to the north of the entrance to the Southfield City Hall. The poles declare "May Peace Prevail on Earth" in 24 world languages and Braille. With

5885-622: The Southfield Pavilion Plaza between the Southfield Police Station and the 46th District Court. Two sculptures by local artists sit in the center of the two traffic roundabouts that are on Evergreen Road. Diversity , by John Piet, former art professor at Macomb Community College and 35-year resident of Southfield sits in the center of the northern Evergreen Road roundabout. Gratitude , by nationally-acclaimed Southfield sculptor Jay Lefkowitz, sits in

5992-842: The U.S. Clean Water Act introduced new provisions for management of diffuse pollutant sources from urban land uses, establishing the regulatory need for practices that unlike conventional drainage infrastructure managed runoff "at source." The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published its initial regulations for municipal separate storm sewer systems ("MS4") in 1990, requiring large MS4s to develop stormwater pollution prevention plans and implement "source control practices". EPA's 1993 handbook, Urban Runoff Pollution Prevention and Control Planning , identified best management practices to consider in such plans, including vegetative controls, filtration practices and infiltration practices (trenches, porous pavement). Regulations covering smaller municipalities were published in 1999. MS4s serve over 80% of

6099-600: The US population and provide drainage for 4% of the land area. Green infrastructure is a concept that highlights the importance of the natural environment in decisions about land-use planning . However, the term does not have a widely recognized definition. Also known as “blue-green infrastructure”, or “green-blue urban grids” the terms are used by many design-, conservation- and planning-related disciplines and commonly feature stormwater management, climate adaptation and multifunctional green space. The term "green infrastructure"

6206-795: The United Nations declared that access to clean water and sanitation is a human right. New solutions for improving the sustainability of cities are being explored. Good urban water management is complex and requires not only water and wastewater infrastructure, but also pollution control and flood prevention. It requires coordination across many sectors, and between different local authorities and changes in governance, that lead to more sustainable and equitable use of urban water resources. Urban forests are forests located in cities. They are an important component of urban green infrastructure systems. Urban forests use appropriate tree and vegetation species, instead of noxious and invasive kinds, which reduce

6313-414: The already established men's ice hockey team for the university's athletic offerings during the 2011–12 academic year. During its fifth season in the NAIA, the university fielded teams in men's baseball, basketball, bowling, cross country, golf, hockey, volleyball, lacrosse, soccer and tennis, and women's basketball, bowling, cross country, golf, lacrosse, soccer, softball, tennis and volleyball. Thanks to

6420-550: The award-winning East Residence Hall, the latter for all first-year students. The university now has the capacity for more than 1,000 residential students. A marker designating the college as a Michigan Historic Site was erected by the Michigan Historical Commission in 1986. The inscription reads: Lawrence Tech was chartered in 1932 by the Lawrence brothers, Russell E. and E. George. The college

6527-528: The bankrupt Northland Center with a loan for $ 500,000. The city moved the art in April, 2015, established a Public Arts Commission and fundraised $ 600,000 to repay the loan and begin restoration. In 2019, Southfield Mayor Kenson Siver established the nonprofit Friends of the Southfield Public Arts to "finance the procurement, transport, installation and restoration of art for public enjoyment in

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6634-831: The benefits and minimize risks. Globally, cities are facing severe water uncertainties such as floods, droughts, and upstream activities on trans-boundary rivers. The increasing pressure, intensity, and speed of urbanization has led to the disappearance of any visible form of water infrastructure in most cities. Urban coastal populations are growing, and many cities have seen an extensive post-industrial transformation of canals, riversides, docks, etc. following changes in global trading patterns. The potential implications of such waterside regeneration in terms of public health have only recently been scientifically investigated. A systematic review conducted in 2017 found consistent evidence of positive associations between exposure of people to blue space and mental health and physical activity. One-fifth of

6741-489: The board. The majority of CCAB members are representatives of City Centre businesses; one represents the City of Southfield (mayor), and one is a resident representative who resides in the boundaries of the City Centre. A primary goal of the CCAB is to attract and retain professionals to the City Centre district. The CCAB's overall vision for the City Centre is a vibrant pedestrian-friendly center of education, commerce, culture, entertainment, and community activity. Since 1994,

6848-419: The building level, the term "blue-green architecture" is used, which implements the same principles on a smaller scale. The focus here is on building greening with water management from alternative water resources such as grey water and rainwater. Green Infrastructure as a term did not appear until the early 1990s, although ideas of Green Infrastructure had been used long before that. The first coined use of

6955-474: The city adopted Sustainable Southfield , the second Master Plan to be adopted in the city's history. The plan was developed with support of the residents and businesses, and created a long-term vision for the City Centre district. The Plan is being updated in 2021. According to Sustainable Southfield, "sustainable communities are places that balance their economic assets, natural resources, and social priorities so that residents' diverse needs can be met now and in

7062-426: The city landscape and incorporated greenery into the new areas where the walls were torn down. Along with this, the town hall as well as the city center were elaborately decorated with different types of vegetation and trees, especially rare and unique species that had been brought from other countries. Mathis goes on to state, "A French-style garden is linked to the town hall to make the view of it more sublime", showing

7169-446: The coastline specifically employed in their design. Harbours, quays, piers, and other extensions of the urban environment are also often added to capture benefits associated with the marine environment. Blue infrastructure can support unique aquatic biodiversity in urban areas, including aquatic insects, amphibians, and water birds. There may considerable co-benefits to the health and wellbeing of populations with access to blue spaces in

7276-438: The community members have prioritized and embraced values that are commonly held and which connect the community into a complex whole of sustainability, stewardship, and education. The red, a symbol of strength and the color of energy, love, and passion, inspires action. The tallest poles are a symbol of the ancestors of the city who were rooted in civic mindfulness. The shorter poles represent new growth. Others are red circles on

7383-535: The early 1990s. Master's degree programs in business were created in 1989, engineering in 1990, Architecture in 1993 and arts and sciences in 1997. Its most popular undergraduate majors, in terms of 2021 graduates, were: The College of Business and Information Technology is accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). Lawrence Tech added a Bachelor of Science in Nursing program in partnership with Ascension Michigan in 2017. In 2021,

7490-582: The existing soil to reduce runoff and let rainfall enter the natural water cycle . The Green Infrastructure approach analyses the natural environment in a way that highlights its function and subsequently seeks to put in place, through regulatory or planning policy, mechanisms that safeguard critical natural areas. Where life support functions are found to be lacking, plans may propose how these can be put in place through landscaped and/or engineered improvements. Within an urban context, this can be applied to re-introducing natural waterways and making

7597-552: The future." As a Comprehensive Master Plan, "Sustainable Southfield will take a holistic approach to land use and community planning, which will include environmental, social, and economic sustainability. The top three priorities requested during the public input process were: 1.   Walkability and connectivity throughout the City Centre (i.e. sidewalks, bike paths, increased pedestrian amenities, etc.) 2.   Street and road repair. 3.   Redevelopment and/or renovation of older commercial properties. On October 19, 2015,

7704-442: The garden city movement to balance development with nature. He planned agricultural greenbelts and wide, radiating boulevards surrounded by trees and shrubbery for Victoria, England. One of Howard's concepts was of the "marriage of town and country" to promote sustainable relationships between human society and nature through the planning of garden cities. The US government became more involved in conservation and land preservation in

7811-473: The height of the Great Depression , Lawrence Tech's founding president Russell E. Lawrence envisioned a new model of higher education that could serve both traditional students as well as working adults, and combined a teaching philosophy espousing both theory and practice. Lawrence believed engineering and technological achievements would be what would spur economic recovery, both for the region and

7918-441: The infiltration, evapotranspiration or use of stormwater in order to protect water quality and associated aquatic habitat. LID practices aim to preserve, restore and create green space using soils, vegetation, and rainwater harvest techniques. It is an approach to land development (or re-development) that works with nature to manage stormwater as close to its source as possible. Many low impact development tools integrate vegetation or

8025-542: The late 1800s. This was seen in the 1864 legislation to preserve the Yosemite Valley as a California public park, and 8 years later, the United States’ first national park. Many industrial leaders in the 19th century had the goal of increasing worker's quality of life through quality sanitation and outdoor activity, which would in turn create increased productivity in the workforce. These ideas carried into

8132-579: The library, which serves residents of Southfield and neighboring Lathrup Village . On August 24, 1992, through ordinance No.1352 and pursuant to Act No. 146 of the Public Acts of 1992 (PRINCIPAL SHOPPING DISTRICTS, Act 120 of 1961, as amended), the Southfield City Council established the City Centre Advisory Board (CCAB) “to promote economic activity in the City Centre, and to provide for the maintenance, security, and operation of

8239-626: The limited budget. The buzz this project generated is very exciting and not surprising considering its unique, monumental and memorable quality. This project shows what can happen when the role of the landscape architect is expanded beyond the traditional definition." During 2020, the Southfield City Centre Advisory Board approved funding for the installation of two triptych mural sets commissioned to renowned Detroit muralist Hubert Massey . Through public engagement in two town-hall style meetings, made virtual due to

8346-618: The long-term former Mayor and Councilman Donald F. Fracassi. Both buildings are considered examples of the Mid-century modern movement. In 2020, the former Federal-Mogul building underwent planned renovation to remove the exterior concrete pillars. The renovations were done to accommodate the new tenant to the building, Marelli North America , a tier one automotive supplier. In 2017, the Southfield City Centre launched its first bike-share program and contracted with Zagster to install seven stations with 27 cruiser-style bicycles, including

8453-508: The motto of the college since its founding. Application of classroom theories to real situations involving the community or Michigan industries has been its goal. Lawrence Institute of Technology is a nonprofit independent college. Lawrence Tech is considered "selective" by U.S. News & World Report . For the Class of 2025 (enrolled fall 2021), Lawrence Tech received 2,641 applications and accepted 2,141 (81.1%). Of those accepted, 475 enrolled,

8560-510: The nation. Henry and Edsel Ford agreed to lease their former Henry Ford Trade School building, a part of their Model-T assembly complex in Highland Park, to the new university, which began operations with a few hundred students. The institution's enrollment dropped during World War II but surged immediately thereafter as veterans enjoyed the education benefits of the G.I. Bill . In 1955, Lawrence Institute of Technology (LIT) moved to

8667-772: The need of maintenance and irrigation. In addition, native species also provide aesthetic value while reducing cost. Diversity of plant species should also be considered in design of urban forests to avoid monocultures ; this makes the urban forests more durable and resilient to pests and other harms. Constructed wetlands are manmade wetlands , which work as a bio-filtration system. They contain wetland vegetation and are mostly built on uplands and floodplains . Constructed wetlands are built this way to avoid connection or damage to natural wetlands and other aquatic resources. There are two main categories of constructed wetlands: subsurface flow system and free water surface system. Proper planning and operating can help avoid possible harm done to

8774-602: The new College of Health Sciences. The perfusion program remains in the College of Engineering under a contractual agreement with an industry partner, but is affiliated with the new college. In its 2024 rankings, U.S. News & World Report ranked Lawrence Tech as tied for #53 in "Regional Universities Midwest", a move down from #33 in the previous year. LTU also made U.S. News’ Best Value Colleges, Best Colleges for Veterans, and Top Performers for Social Mobility lists among its peer group of Midwestern universities. Lawrence Tech

8881-756: The pathway, which symbolize the generations to come who will continue to practice civic values. On October 22, 2020, Red Pole Park was recognized by the Michigan Chapter of the American Association for Landscape Architects (ASLA). The recognition took place in the association's virtual State of the Chapter and Awards Ceremony. The General Design Merit Award was presented by ASLA President Wendy Miller to Landscape Architects Mijung Ko, ASLA, PLA, LEED GA and Mark Hieber, ASLA, LEED AP, Principal at HED, an architecture and engineering firm retained by

8988-634: The poorer members of French society. Again, Mathis goes on to state, "The first cours [or promenades] were established in the capital at the instigation of Marie de Medici : the Mail de l'Arsenal (1604) and above all the Allée du Cours-la-Reine (1616), 1300 mètres long and lined with elms, running along the Seine, from the Tuileries Garden to the high ground of Chaillot," establishing the use of nature as

9095-707: The program earned full accreditation from the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education through June 2026. LTU also added a two-year Master of Science in Physician Assistant Studies program in 2021, and that program has received provisional accreditation. See https://www.arc-pa.org/accreditation-history-lawrence-technological-university/ Finally, LTU launched a Master of Science in Cardiovascular Perfusion program in fall 2022. The nursing and physician assistant programs reside in

9202-442: The provision of shade and shelter in and around towns and cities. Green infrastructure also serves to provide an ecological framework for social, economic, and environmental health of the surroundings. More recently scholars and activists have also called for green infrastructure that promotes social inclusion and equity rather than reinforcing pre-existing structures of unequal access to nature-based services. Green infrastructure

9309-559: The public to converse and relax at. Other than social uses, urban parks and gardens were used to improve the aesthetic of the urban environment they were present in. Urban spaces had environmental uses for the implementation of fresh air and reduced urban heating. Green Infrastructure can be traced as far back as the 17th century in European society beginning in France. France used the presence of nature to provide social and spatial organization to their towns. Originally, nature in cities

9416-556: The rear of the Southfield Civic Center. the piece was restored to repair damage inflicted due to a water main break and replaced in 2020 south of the main entrance circle in front of Southfield City Hall. In 2019, Friends of Southfield Public Arts purchased Yin Yang , a steel sculpture by Michigan Modernist sculptor David Barr, from the private collection of a Southfield resident who was moving to another location within

9523-575: The reconstruction of Evergreen Road between Ten and Eleven Mile Roads; 2) Marketing of businesses and events through Social Media and the creation and maintenance of the Southfield City Centre website; and 3) Promotion of Special Events (i.e. Food Trucks, Concerts, 5K Race, etc.) in the district. On March 14, 2017, the CCAB voted to request Council to expand the boundaries of the City Centre District to include [the properties in Exhibit A: FY 2017-2022 CITY CENTRE SAD MAP approved 4/17/17] and authorize

9630-483: The southern Evergreen Road roundabout. In 2017, Pioneer Family II , a sculpture created by Belgian-Canadian artist Andreas Drenters was installed at Mary Thompson Farm, a historical farm site that complements the materials used for the sculpture. In 2019, The City of Southfield , a steel sculpture by Melvin Leiserowitz and commissioned for the city's 25th anniversary in 1983, was removed from its former home at

9737-417: The space beautiful and usable by the neighboring communities. The first alley, completed in 2015, saved more than 750,000 gallons in its first year. The Green alleys will provide open space on top of these ecological benefits, converting spaces which used to feel unsafe, or used for dumping into a playground, and walking/biking corridor. The Trust for Public Land has completed 183 green school yards across

9844-585: The spring of 2019, the fountain was refurbished and the surrounding area landscaped to create a public park. During the first quarter of 2021, a sculpture that once stood in the Northland Theater was purchased and restored through a plan by the Southfield Public Arts Commission and Friends of Southfield Public Arts. Seated Female Figure (artist unknown) was placed on a pedestal and installed in an existing flower bed on

9951-440: The term "green infrastructure" to refer to urban "green" best management practices contributes to the overall health of natural ecosystems, even though it is not central to the larger concept. However, it is apparent that the term “blue-green infrastructure” is applied in an urban context and places a greater emphasis on the management of stormwater as an integral part of creating a sustainable, multifunctional urban environment. At

10058-565: The term was seen in a 1994 report by Buddy MacKay, chair of the Florida Greenways Commission, to Florida governor Lawton Chiles about a Green Infrastructure project undertaken in 1991: Florida Greenways Project. MacKay states, "Just as we carefully plan the infrastructure our communities need to support the people who live there—the roads, water and electricity—so must we begin to plan and manage Florida’s green infrastructure”. Chinese literary gardens are an example of

10165-613: The urban context. Accessible blue infrastructure in urban areas is also referred as to blue spaces . Ideas for green urban structures began in the 1870s with concepts of urban farming and garden allotments. Alternative terminology includes stormwater best management practices , source controls, and low impact development (LID) practices. Green infrastructure concepts originated in mid-1980s proposals for best management practices that would achieve more holistic stormwater quantity management goals for runoff volume reduction, erosion prevention, and aquifer recharge. In 1987, amendments to

10272-447: The use of foliage as a way to impress and beautify French cities. In 1847, a speech by George Perkins Marsh called attention to negative human impacts such as deforestation. Marsh later wrote Man and Nature in 1864 based on his idea for conserving forests. Around the same time, Henry David Thoreau's 1854 book Walden discussed preservation of nature and applied these ideas to urban planning saying, “I think every town should have

10379-436: The water down for infiltration. In residential applications, water runoff can be reduced by 30% with the use of rain gardens in the homeowner's yard. A minimum size of 150 sq. ft. up to a range of 300 sq. ft. is the usual size considered for a private property residence. The cost per square foot is about $ 5–$ 25, depending on the type of plants you use and the slope of the property. Native trees, shrubs, and herbaceous perennials of

10486-492: The watershed at once. Blue roofs , not technically being green infrastructure, collect and store rainfall, reducing the inrush of runoff water into sewer systems. Blue roofs use detention ponds, or detention basins , for collecting the rainfall before it gets drained into waterways and sewers at a controlled rate. As well as saving energy by reducing cooling expenses, blue roofs reduce the urban heat island effect when coupled with reflective roofing material. Rain gardens are

10593-505: The wetland and riparian zones being the most useful for runoff detoxification. Downspout disconnection is a form of green infrastructure that separates roof downspouts from the sewer system and redirects roof water runoff into permeable surfaces. It can be used for storing stormwater or allowing the water to penetrate the ground. Downspout disconnection is especially beneficial in cities with combined sewer systems. With high volumes of rain, downspouts on buildings can send 12 gallons of water

10700-497: The wetlands, which are caused by alteration of natural hydrology and introduction of invasive species. Green roofs improve air and water quality while reducing energy cost. The implementation of green roofs in some regions have correlated with increased albedo, providing slightly cooler temperatures and thus, lower energy consumption. The plants and soil provide more green space and insulation on roofs. Green and blue roofs also help reducing city runoff by retaining rainfall providing

10807-401: The world's population, 1.2 billion people, live in areas of water scarcity . Climate change and water-related disasters will place increasing demands on urban systems and will result in increased migration to urban areas. Cities require a very large input of freshwater and in turn have a huge impact on freshwater systems. Urban and industrial water use is projected to double by 2050. In 2010

10914-412: Was 22–28. The university is organized into five Colleges: Architecture and Design, Arts and Sciences, Business and Information Technology, Engineering, and Health Sciences. In 1950, associate degree programs were added to LTU's baccalaureate programs and in 1952, what is today the College of Business and Information Technology was established. LTU started offering multiple master's degree programs from

11021-702: Was founded in 1932 in Highland Park, Michigan , as the Lawrence Institute of Technology ( LIT ) by Russell E. Lawrence. The university moved to Southfield in 1955 and has since expanded to 107 acres (43 ha). The campus also includes the Frank Lloyd Wright designed Affleck House in Bloomfield Hills. The university offers associate, undergraduate, master's, and doctoral programs through its five colleges. In 1932, at

11128-438: Was located in Highland Park on Woodward Avenue until 1955, when the first building opened on this campus. Lawrence Tech, founded as an undergraduate college of engineering, later added programs in architecture, management, arts and science, and various technological fields. The college pioneered in scheduling evening programs for working students and in 1935 developed the four-quarter academic calendar. "Theory and Practice" has been

11235-464: Was originally the president's residence on nearby Circle Drive. LIT began offering multiple master's degree programs through its colleges, and in recognition of these post-baccalaureate programs LIT changed it name to Lawrence Technological University (LTU) on 1 January 1989. LTU continued its transformation from a primarily commuter institution to offering a full campus life with the construction of more residence halls—Donley Hall, Reuss Hall, and

11342-443: Was the construction contractor. The project was given the tagline of "The Magnificent Mile" by City officials. Southfield's city hall was built in 1964 as part of the wider Civic Center Campus, and was designed by Pirscher & Jarrett. The former Federal-Mogul Staff Office building was built in 1966 and designed by Louis A. Rossetti. The Southfield Municipal Campus was renamed the "Donald F. Fracassi Municipal Campus" in 2020 to honor

11449-521: Was used to provide social areas to interact, and plants were grown in these spaces to provide food in close proximity to the inhabitants. In this period, Large open spaces were used to provide a calm setting that could give "sites of power with sites of sanctity" across France. These sites were used by the French elites to bring rural country town house beauty to their new urban houses in a showcase of power and elaborate display of wealth. The French implemented many different types of infrastructure throughout

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