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65-551: Contrary to previous solar vehicle race classes that focus primarily on speed, and are contested by highly impractical single-seat racers, a new competition for more "practical" solar electrical vehicles was added to the 2013 edition of the World Solar Challenge (WSC): the Cruiser Class . Vehicles competing carry two or more occupants, each facing forwards, and are judged not only on the time taken to complete

130-515: A 50/50 joint venture of Ericsson Mobile Platforms and STMicroelectronics , after ST purchased NXP's 20% stake. In April 2008, NXP announced it would acquire the set-top box business of Conexant to complement its existing Home business unit. In September 2008, NXP announced that it would restructure its manufacturing, R&D and back office operations, resulting in 4,500 job cuts worldwide. In October 2009, NXP announced that it would sell its Home business unit to Trident Microsystems . Before

195-517: A California license-plate on the car for a demonstration run from Los Angeles to San Francisco in 2014. Stella's publicly accessible road registration information lists a cost price of €1,272,327. One of Solar Team Eindhoven's sponsors, NXP Semiconductors , contributed to the vehicle's electronics, with a concept to make roads safer and reduce air pollution by means of proactive communication between cars, as well as with traffic signals. The second Stella car, built in 2015, improved on its predecessor in

260-512: A campus-wide score of 4.2; increasing the international position of the university to the top 100; and improving the campus, including adding a costly science park. As a public university of the Netherlands, TU/e's general structure and management is determined by the Wet op het Hoger Onderwijs en Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Law on Higher Education and Scientific Research). Between that law and

325-733: A complaint with the National Human Right Commission . On April 29, mediation by the Ministry of Labour led to the signing of a memorandum that passed the decision over the work schedule to the Labour Relations Committee. The committee decided on June 20 that the new work schedule did not violate Thai labour law; however, the National Human Rights Committee decided otherwise and recommended the factory should revert to

390-470: A continuous swooping curve from the nose to the boat-tail rear end, that improves the car's aerodynamics, but reduces its solar cell surface area to 5.0 square metres (54 sq ft), as required by the 2017 change in WSC regulations. On 16 August 2017 Stella Vie was successfully road registered, like its predecessors, for a listed build price of €350,000,-. Team Eindhoven's Stella Vie car achieved 2.5 times

455-447: A few respects. Frontal surface area was reduced by a catamaran style air tunnel indented in the bottom of the car, along its centerline. Further, Stella Lux has a longer wheelbase and four conventionally opening doors instead of the rudimentary gull-wing doors of the first car. Aside from being more aerodynamic, the new car was also considered somewhat better-looking. Stella Lux finished after 39 hours and 23 minutes of racing, resulting in

520-789: A large role in providing knowledge and personnel to other companies in the High Tech Campus Eindhoven and helps support startups through the Eindhoven Twinning Center and The Gate. The valorisation of TU/e has led to various spin-offs, including Lusoco, NC Biomatrix, Taylor, SMART Photonics, EFFECT Photonics and MicroAlign. In the extended region, the TU/e is a part of the Eindhoven-Leuven-Aachen triangle. The agreement between these three cities from three different countries formed

585-865: A merger agreement was announced through which NXP would merge with competitor Freescale Semiconductor . In view of this merger, NXP's RF Power activities were sold to JAC Capital for US$ 1.8 billion and rebranded as Ampleon , in a transaction closed in November 2015. Both NXP and Freescale had deep roots stretching back to when they were part of Philips (NXP), and Motorola (Freescale) respectively. Both had similar revenue; US$ 4.8 billion and US$ 4.2 billion in 2013 for NXP and Freescale, respectively with NXP primarily focusing on near field communication (NFC) and high-performance mixed signal (HPMS) hardware, and Freescale focusing on its microprocessor and microcontroller businesses, and both companies possessing roughly equal patent portfolios. On December 7, 2015, NXP completed

650-519: A proof-of-concept vehicle, it inspires the world as a contributor to the energy transition. Criticisms of the Stella concept argue that it is much more practical and efficient to keep the solar panel array at a fixed location, like putting a solar array on the roof of your house, rather than on that of a car. Most houses have enough roof-space to hold a solar array large enough to power both the house itself and one or two electric cars. Additionally, there

715-535: A region that is among the highest in the European Union in terms of investment in technology and knowledge economy . The agreement includes cooperation between the three technical universities in the cities. The TU/e has over 110 community bodies for its members. They are related to sports, culture, faith, staff, international students and hobbies, as well as university political parties, student teams, and study associations for each faculty. In addition to

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780-399: A slightly improved average speed of 76.7 kilometres per hour (48 mph) over the course, even though external charging had been reduced to 30 kWh for the 2015 race. During the race, the car set a distance record by driving 1,500 kilometres (932 mi) on a single charge, with an average speed of some 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph), and all the while having two people on board. The car

845-463: A small scale production facility in the center of the Dutch city Nijmegen as part of its main industry group "Icoma" (Industrial Components and Materials), followed by the opening of a new factory in 1955. In 1965 Icoma became part of a new Philips main industry group: "Elcoma" (Electronic Components and Materials). In 1975 Silicon Valley –based Signetics was acquired by Philips. Signetics claimed to be

910-455: A three-year bachelor program and a two-year master program. On 3 January 2011, the university's plans for the period up to 2020, the "Strategic Plan 2020", was presented. The plan included establishing a University College with relevance in engineering education; establishing a Graduate School to manage the graduate programs; increasing the student body and annual PhDs awarded by 50 percent; increasing knowledge "valorisation" (practical usage) to

975-469: A total of 9,093 occupant kilometres (5,651 passenger miles). Vehicles in the WSC's Cruiser class are allowed a small battery-pack which can be plugged in to the power mains for additional charging. Although Stella was mostly relying on its 1.5 kilowatt solar array, the team did use their maximum allowance of 64.0 kWh of external charging during the race. For comparison: according to the EPA, one gallon of gasoline

1040-801: Is a public technical university in the Netherlands, situated in Eindhoven . In 2020–21, around 14,000 students were enrolled in its BSc and MSc programs and around 1350 students were enrolled in its PhD and EngD programs. In 2021, the TU/e employed around 3900 people. TU/e is the Dutch member of the EuroTech Universities Alliance, a partnership of European universities of science & technology. The other members are Technical University of Denmark (DTU), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), École Polytechnique (L’X), The Technion , and Technical University of Munich (TUM). The Eindhoven University of Technology

1105-419: Is equivalent to 33.7 kWh. So, effectively, each top-up of the 15.0 kWh lithium-ion battery gives the car about 0.44 gallons of gas, and for the entire 3,022 kilometres (1,878 mi) race distance, the total external energy consumption was equal to less than two gallons of gas. On average, the car's solar array is able to generate more energy than would be consumed by normal daily commuting for most people, and if

1170-524: Is estimated to have theoretically infinite range when traveling at 45 miles per hour (72 km/h) in good sunlight. Stella Lux incorporates Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) vehicular communication systems supplied by main sponsor NXP Semiconductors, that help the car and the team to optimize their performance, for instance through the Solar Navigator system, which collects weather data and offers suggestions for an “optimal route” while driving. Power

1235-692: Is host (and in some cases also commissioner) of a number of research schools, including the ESI and the DPI. These research schools are a source of knowledge for tech companies in the area such as ASML , NXP and FEI . As of summer 2010, the TU/e was also host to the Eindhoven Energy Institute (EEI), a co-location of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology 's KIC on Sustainable Energy (InnoEnergy). The university also plays

1300-434: Is no risk of damage that random road debris might do to the cells on a car. On the other hand, solar-powered cars could potentially be of use in regions where sunlight and space are abundant, and without easy access to grid electricity, where charging facilities are rare. Eindhoven University of Technology The Eindhoven University of Technology ( Dutch : Technische Universiteit Eindhoven ), abbr. TU/e ,

1365-422: Is projected to cost at least €120,000 excluding VAT or sales tax, but will offer four-wheel drive for optimal traction. Stella won the inaugural edition of the new for 2013, Michelin -sponsored Cruiser Class of the WSC, completing the 3,022 kilometres (1,878 mi) race distance in 40 hours and 14 minutes, at an average speed of 75 kilometres per hour (47 mph), while typically carrying three occupants, for

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1430-463: Is provided by two in-wheel axial flux motors which can deliver up to 15 kW, while the wheels they power are Schwalbe Solar Energizer 90/80/16s. For the 2017 edition of the World Solar Challenge, a new Stella car has been designed, sporting five seats instead of four. The new car is longer at 5 metres (197 in) and narrower (1.65 metres (65 in)), though the weight remains unchanged at 375 kilograms (827 lb). The Stella Vie's profile shows

1495-465: The Confederation of Thai Electrical Appliances, Electronic Automobile & Metalworkers (TEAM) . Management then called in small groups of workers, asked them if they agreed with the union's demands, and told them to leave if they did. They were not able to enter the factory the next day. In response, TEAM staged protests outside the factory and on March 13 outside the Dutch embassy and also filed

1560-645: The Stan Ackermans Institute on behalf of the 4TU Federation . Nationally, 3,500 students have earned the postgraduate PDEng degree through these programs. There are ten programs at TU/e, each two years long. The university hosts a number of other educational programs that are in some way related to the main educational programs. These include the teacher's program and an MBA program. The TU/e has connections with sister institutions in different countries, for example: The TU/e also provides education to foreign students and graduates. According to

1625-837: The chip set and contactless card for MIFARE used by many major public transit systems worldwide. In order to protect against potential hackers, NXP offers gateways to automotive manufacturers that prevent communication with every network within a car independently. NXP Semiconductors operates with six different business lines (BLs): The Automotive BL covers a diversified solutions portfolio including MCUs, ADAS, Radar, Secure Car access, infotainment and in-vehicle networking. Ultra-low-power and high-performance processors, High-performance crossover processors, Low-power secure and connected MCUs, UWB, Wi-Fi, NFC, RFID and Bluetooth NFC and embedded Secure Elements (eSE). Scalable digital processing platforms, DC to mmW RF frequencies, 1.8 mW to 1.8 kW RF output power. In 1953 Philips started

1690-529: The ticker symbol NXPI . On December 23, 2013, NXP Semiconductors was added to the Nasdaq-100 index. In 2021 it was added to the American stock index S&P 500 On March 2, 2015, it was announced that NXP would merge with Freescale Semiconductor in a transaction which would value the combined enterprise at just over $ 40 billion. The merger was closed on December 7, 2015. On October 27, 2016, it

1755-590: The "first company in the world established expressly to make and sell integrated circuits" and inventor of the 555 timer IC . At the time, it was claimed that with the Signetics acquisition, Philips was now number two in the league table of semiconductor manufacturers in the world. In 1987, Philips was ranked Europe's largest semiconductor maker. The year after, all Philips semiconductor subsidiaries, including Signetics, Faselec (in Switzerland) and Mullard (in

1820-424: The 2009 annual report in the academic year 2008–2009 there were 490 exchange students , 103 foreign nationals registered in a bachelor program, 430 in a master program, 158 in a professional doctorate program (79% of the total). In 2009 the university employed 37 foreign professors (15.9% of the total) and 16 foreign associate professors (12.8%). Overall, 29.5% of the university staff was non-Dutch. As of 2011/2012,

1885-549: The 2011 ARWU (Academic Ranking of World Universities) rankings, TU/e was placed at the 52-75 bracket internationally in the Engineering/Technology and Computer Science (ENG) category and at 34th place internationally in the Computer Science subject field. The scientific departments (or faculties ) are the main divisions involved in teaching and research in the university. They employ the majority of

1950-484: The 2019 Cruiser Cup, solar cars had to complete the journey from Darwin to Adelaide within set time windows, to prove their viability as daily drivers . Out of 13 competitors – twice the number as before – only three finished all legs within the time frames. Stella was dominating with 111.7 points, versus Australia’s Sunswift with 56.1, and Hong Kong’s Team IVE Engineering Solar Car Team with 44.2 points. The Cruiser Class designs were judged by an expert panel, to evaluate

2015-576: The TU/e had Erasmus agreements with universities in 30 countries across Europe in a range of subjects for student exchanges. The TU/e plays a role in the academic, economic and social life of Eindhoven and the surrounding region. The TU/e is important to the economy of the Eindhoven region, as well as the wider areas of BrabantStad and the Samenwerkingsverband Regio Eindhoven . It provides skilled labor for local businesses and partners with technology companies in

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2080-513: The UK), were merged in the newly formed product division Components. The semiconductor activities were split off from Components in 1991 under the name Philips Semiconductors. In June 1999, Philips acquired VLSI Technology , at the time making Philips the world's sixth largest semiconductor company. In December 2005, Philips announced its intention to divest Philips Semiconductors into an independent legal entity . In September 2006, Philips completed

2145-503: The WSC event as well, the Dutch clinched the title for a hattrick. Stella Era, Solar Team Eindhoven's fourth-generation solar electric car, purpose-built for the 15th edition of the Bridgestone World Solar Challenge in 2019, performed as well as its predecessors. After the hattrick in 2017, Stella Era delivered a fourth consecutive Cruiser Class championship, and were called "in a class of their own". To win

2210-606: The academic staff of the university (an Eindhoven joke was said that the university trains the engineers and Philips trains the professors). The relationship changed during the 1980s and 1990s as Philips moved away from the region. The university was forced to seek closer ties with the city of Eindhoven, resulting in the Brainport initiative, a move to draw high tech industry to the region. The university started expending more effort in making practical use of its research and providing support for local companies and startups. The TU/e

2275-503: The academic staff, are responsible for teaching the students, and sponsor the research schools and institutions. The departments also offer PhD programs ( promotiefase ) for qualified masters. Unlike in anglo-saxon countries, the PhD program is not educational, rather, the university employs those aiming for a PhD as researchers. The TU/e has nine departments: The university offers honors programs for both bachelor and master students. At

2340-470: The area. The university's role in the economy started with the interaction with the Philips company. The university was founded primarily to address Philips's need for local employees with higher levels of education in electronics , physics , chemistry and later computer science . Later that interest spread to DAF and Royal Dutch Shell . Often, senior personnel from these companies were hired to form

2405-404: The bachelor level it consists of intensive study within eight possible tracks. At the master level it consists of extra leadership and professional development work. In 1986, the university, together with two other Dutch technological universities (TU Delft and University of Twente), started various programs for earning a postgraduate doctorate of engineering (PDEng). These programs are managed by

2470-513: The battery must augment the solar power, and range ends at 600 to 800 kilometres, but urban driving at up to 70 km/h (43 mph) can be sustained entirely on solar power, running solely off the energy generated by the solar panels. After collecting numbers from the Dutch National Statistics Centre , it was calculated that for 10 months of the year, the car would produce more energy than it uses, allowing for twice

2535-444: The car were plugged into the electrical grid, or to an owners house, when parked, it could contribute more energy than it would need to take out, making the car energy positive . According to the developers, "in real-world conditions, the Stella's large solar array would be able to charge the car's 15 kWh battery pack in 30 to 45 minutes of being parked, sitting in traffic, or tooling around town at low speed". During highway driving,

2600-458: The car, called Stella Lux . In 2017 they built a five -seat successor called Stella Vie , with which they won the year's edition of the WSC again. In 2017, some of the students responsible for the vehicles have launched their own startup company to make a commercially viable version of the car, called Lightyear One . They are hoping to start with a first small production run of 10 “Signature” cars in 2019 and then produce 100 more in 2020. The car

2665-525: The course, but also on their external energy use, payload carried, and an overall practicality assessment. For this competition a student team from TU Eindhoven created Stella , a solar powered "family car" with four seats and luggage space, which won the WSC's Cruiser Class in 2013. The car is capable of a top speed of 120 kilometres per hour (75 mph) with a full load of four people, using mainstream solar cell technology. In 2015 Solar Team Eindhoven repeated this achievement with an improved version of

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2730-416: The distance Dutch people drive on an average day, and assuming Dutch cloudy light conditions. The Stella is a very boxy, but low-built car. With only 1.15 metres (45 in) height, and its two large doors opening upwards, it is as tricky to get in and out of as a super-sportscar. However, once inside, reviewers found it surprisingly comfortable. The whole of the top of the car is covered in solar panels, and

2795-509: The divestiture of Nexperia in June 2016, NXP was a volume supplier of discrete and standard logic devices, celebrating its 50 years in logic (via its history as both Signetics and Philips Semiconductors) in March 2012. NXP's first CEO was Frans van Houten ; he was succeeded by Richard L. Clemmer on January 1, 2009. Since May 2020, Kurt Sievers serves as president and CEO. In March 2015,

2860-407: The efficiency of runner-up Bochum, and was awarded the full 80 points for efficiency. The team have carried an average of 3.4 people over the 3021 km, using 45.7 kWh of external energy. By comparison, a Tesla Model S85 (85 kWh battery) has a practical range of about 400 km. Stella Vie's top speed is 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph). After receiving the highest practicality score on the final day of

2925-620: The fields of sustainability, AI , health and mobility. NXP Semiconductors NXP Semiconductors N.V. ( NXP for N ext e XP erience) is a Dutch semiconductor manufacturing and design company with headquarters in Eindhoven , Netherlands. It is the third largest European semiconductor company by market capitalization as of 2024. The company employs approximately 34,000 people in more than 30 countries and it reported revenues of $ 13.3 billion in 2023. Originally spun off from Philips in 2006, NXP completed its initial public offering , on August 6, 2010, with shares trading on Nasdaq under

2990-504: The market potential of each solar electric car. Twelve adjudicators included industry leaders from Tesla , Suntrix and Prohelion, past BWSC and faculty alumni, international solar challenge organizers from Chile, South Africa , and America , and media representatives. The assessment covered characteristics including innovation, environmental impact, ease of access, occupant comfort, control ergonomics, features, styling and overall desirability. The Eindhoven car continued its dominance, winning

3055-462: The merger with Freescale Semiconductor; the merged company continued its operation as NXP Semiconductors N.V. NXP Semiconductors is headquartered in Eindhoven , Netherlands, and has numerous international locations. In March 2013, NXP locked out workers at its plant in Bangkok, Thailand. The reason was stalled negotiations over a new work schedule with their trade union, which was affiliated with

3120-635: The old schedule. NXP continues to demand regular 12-hour shifts. In May 2014, the company fired 24 workers at its plant in the special economic zone in Cabuyao, The Philippines. The workers were all officials of a trade union affiliated with the Metal Workers Alliance of the Philippines (MWAP) . Reports said they were fired due to their union functions in negotiations for a new collective bargaining agreement . Factory owners claimed

3185-403: The practicality rating with a score of 93.1 points, before Lodz with 82.4, and Cambridge University Eco Racing with 79.9 points. The car built by the team focused on the practical uses of a car, being more than just a mode of transport. It features autonomous driving systems that detect when the car's solar panels are parked in the shade, on a parking lot, and it will automatically move out of

3250-503: The president, the rector magnificus , and the vice president, in addition to a secretary for clerical tasks, who is usually the secretary of the entire university. The rector magnificus is the only member of the EB whose membership is mandated by law. The law allows anyone to be appointed rector, but in practice the university appoints a former department dean as rector. The rector represents the university's academic staff and academic interests of

3315-633: The rear slopes down to create a teardrop shape to reduce air resistance. The car weighs only 388 kilograms (855 lb) thanks to being constructed largely out of carbon-fiber , reinforced by welded aluminium tubing. Stella is not only road-legal in Europe, having been deemed safe and approved for use on public roads by the Netherlands Road Vehicle Service  [ nl ] (RDW) — the Eindhoven team were also able to put

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3380-497: The regular sports played by the students and staff, the university has some "technology sporting efforts". Some examples include: Another student racing program is the Automotive Technology InMotion team, a collaboration between the TU/e and Fontys University of Applied Sciences . The team has the aim to compete in the 2020 24 Hours of Le Mans . TU/e has various student teams which work on problems in

3445-428: The running of the body. Both the bodies also have advisory councils. The departments take care of most of the research and education at the university. Each department is run by its professors and headed by a dean . The deans are all members of the executive deliberation meeting, which is a regular meeting of the deans and the rector. The service organizations are involved in further activities that are part of running

3510-706: The sale of an 80.1% stake in Philips Semiconductors to a consortium of private equity investors consisting of KKR , Bain Capital , Silver Lake Partners , Apax Partners and AlpInvest Partners . The new company name NXP (from Next eXPerience) was announced on August 31, 2006, and the company was officially launched during the Internationale Funkausstellung (IFA) consumer electronics show in Berlin. The newly independent NXP

3575-524: The shade, and into the Sun. Moreover, Stella Era is able to share the energy she harvested from the sun with other electric vehicles using her Type 2 charging port. It's the first vehicle of its kind to provide such energy sharing features. Instead of engineering another solar car for the World Solar Challenge of 2021, Solar Team Eindhoven built Stella Vita. Vita was unveiled in September 2021 and shortly after,

3640-407: The statutes of the university itself, the management of the university is organized according to the following chart: The day-to-day running of the university is in the hands of the executive board ( College van Bestuur ) . The executive board (EB) monitors the academic departments and service organizations, in addition to the local activities of the Stan Ackermans Institute . The EB consists of

3705-504: The team of 22 students toured Vita through Europe from Eindhoven (the Netherlands) to Tarifa (Spain). Stella Vita is a "self-sustaining house on wheels", a morph of a solar car and a camper. With a rated battery range of 600km and 730km on a sunny day and a battery capacity of 60kWh, Vita is incredibly energy efficient. This energy efficiency is a direct result of a streamlined aerodynamic design and fully integrated solar roof. Vita being

3770-504: The title ir. (an abbreviation of ingenieur; not to be confused with graduates of technical hogescholen , who were engineers abbreviated ing. ). Starting in 2002, following the entry into force of the Bologna Accords , the university switched to the bachelor/master structure (students graduating in 2002 were given both an old-style engineering title and a new master's title). The undergraduate programs are now split into two parts,

3835-517: The university. The university has the following service organizations: DAZ CEC DPO DFEZ DH ICT IEC DIZ STU GTD TU/e is involved in commercial interests and off-campus ties. These include commercial agreements between the university and external companies, in addition to interests in spinoff companies . In 1997 the TU/e Holding B.V., a limited company , was created to manage these commercial interests. As of 2018, Eindhoven

3900-494: The university. The current president is Robert-Jan Smits , the rector is Silvia Lenaerts , the vice president is Nicole Ummelen, and the secretary is Susanne van Weelden. There are two bodies that supervise the Executive Board: Most of the work at the university is done in the departments and service organizations. In both the departments and the service organizations, the staff (and students) are involved with

3965-405: The workers were fired after refusing to work on April 9, while workers said they had not been paid for two months. IndustriALL and its affiliated unions in the Philippines condemned the dismissals. In September, MWAP and NXP reached an agreement by which 12 of the fired workers were reinstated and the other 12 received separation packages. NXP also committed itself to a long-term wage increase. In

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4030-783: Was announced that Qualcomm would try to buy NXP for $ 44 billion, which at that time would have been the biggest semiconductor takeover globally. However, Qualcomm cancelled the deal due in part to trade issues in China. The merger was effectively cancelled on July 26, 2018. NXP customers include Apple Inc. , Dell , Ericsson and Samsung . NXP is the co-inventor of near field communication (NFC) technology along with Sony and Inside Secure and supplies NFC chip sets that enable mobile phones to be used to pay for goods, and store and exchange data securely. NXP manufactures chips for eGovernment applications such as electronic passports ; RFID tags and labels; and transport and access management, with

4095-706: Was founded as the Technische Hogeschool Eindhoven (THE) on 23 June 1956 by the Dutch government. It was the second institute of its kind in the Netherlands , after the Delft University of Technology . Undergraduate education was given in four- or five-year programs until 2002, styled along the lines of the German system of education; graduates of these programs were granted an engineering title and allowed to prefix their name with

4160-435: Was ranked as one of the world's top 10 semiconductor companies. In February 2007, when NXP announced that it would acquire Silicon Laboratories ’ AeroFONE single-chip phone and power amplifier product lines to strengthen its Mobile and Personal business. The next year, NXP announced that it would transform its Mobile and Personal business unit into a joint venture with STMicroelectronics , which in 2009 became ST-Ericsson ,

4225-457: Was ranked between 51 and 141 in the world (the university itself provides a survey), and a top ten technical university in Europe. In a 2003 European Commission report, TU/e was ranked as third among European research universities (after Cambridge and Oxford, tied with TU Munich and thus tied for the highest ranked Technical University in Europe), based on the impact of its scientific research. In

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