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52-557: Sorgente Group Italy and The Sorgente Group (US) are part of Sorgente Group Alternative Investment (US) in which the major shareholder is Valter Mainetti . The operative real estate companies, financial and real estate services companies are 94 and are located in Italy, France, Switzerland, Great Britain, Luxembourg, USA and Brazil, with field offices in Rome, New York and Luxembourg. The total real estate assets owned, managed and administrated by

104-644: A building was acquired in Lungotevere Aventino 4, 5, 6 in Rome, where now locates the headquarters of the Fondazione Sorgente Group. The Group operates in the finance, building constructions, infrastructures and restoration. By means of a subsidiary 'Musa Comunicazione', the Group also holds 100% shares of the newspaper 'Il Foglio Quotidiano'. In 2018 the Group companies were 94, including two SGR: Quorum and SORGENTE. The latter

156-485: A host of political systems and situations. Other approaches include the study of equation-based models and opinion dynamics. Political theorists approach theories of political phenomena with a similar diversity of positions and tools, including feminist political theory , historical analysis associated with the Cambridge school , and Straussian approaches . Political science may overlap with topics of study that are

208-487: A key role in setting up political science departments that were distinct from history, philosophy, law, sociology, and economics. The journal Political Science Quarterly was established in 1886 by the Academy of Political Science. In the inaugural issue of Political Science Quarterly , Munroe Smith defined political science as "the science of the state. Taken in this sense, it includes the organization and functions of

260-558: A more analytical corpus of knowledge in the discipline. This period saw a surge of research that borrowed theory and methods from economics to study political institutions, such as the United States Congress, as well as political behavior, such as voting. William H. Riker and his colleagues and students at the University of Rochester were the main proponents of this shift. Despite considerable research progress in

312-472: A non-profit organization with its head office located in Rome. It has the objective of promoting study, contributing to restoration, improving conservation efforts, and above all encouraging the appreciation, both at a national and international level, of all cultural and artistic expressions pertinent to our cultural heritage. Valter Mainetti He graduated in 1973 in Political Science at

364-547: A rich field for the growth of both normative and positive political science, with each part of the discipline sharing some historical predecessors. The American Political Science Association and the American Political Science Review were founded in 1903 and 1906, respectively, in an effort to distinguish the study of politics from economics and other social phenomena. APSA membership rose from 204 in 1904 to 1,462 in 1915. APSA members played

416-446: A separate constituent college or academic department, then political science may be a separate department housed as part of a division or school of humanities or liberal arts . At some universities, especially research universities and in particular those that have a strong cooperation between research, undergraduate, and graduate faculty with a stronger more applied emphasis in public administration, political science would be taught by

468-413: A study of human behavior , in all aspects of politics , observations in controlled environments are often challenging to reproduce or duplicate, though experimental methods are increasingly common (see experimental political science ). Citing this difficulty, former American Political Science Association President Lawrence Lowell once said "We are limited by the impossibility of experiment. Politics

520-411: A university discipline was marked by the creation of university departments and chairs with the title of political science arising in the late 19th century. The designation "political scientist" is commonly used to denote someone with a doctorate or master's degree in the field. Integrating political studies of the past into a unified discipline is ongoing, and the history of political science has provided

572-479: A variety of capacities, people educated and trained in political science can add value and expertise to corporations . Private enterprises such as think tanks , research institutes, polling and public relations firms often employ political scientists. Political scientists may study political phenomena within one specific country. For example, they may study just the politics of the United States or just

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624-412: Is methodologically diverse and appropriates many methods originating in psychology, social research , political philosophy, and many others, in addition to those that developed chiefly within the field of political science. Political scientists approach the study of politics from a host of different ontological orientations and with a variety of different tools. Because political science is essentially

676-416: Is a defining feature of contemporary political science. Empirical political science methods include the use of field experiments, surveys and survey experiments, case studies, process tracing, historical and institutional analysis, ethnography, participant observation, and interview research. Political scientists also use and develop theoretical tools like game theory and agent-based models to study

728-951: Is a social study concerning the allocation and transfer of power in decision making , the roles and systems of governance including governments and international organizations , political behaviour, and public policies . It measures the success of governance and specific policies by examining many factors, including stability , justice , material wealth , peace , and public health . Some political scientists seek to advance positive theses (which attempt to describe how things are, as opposed to how they should be) by analysing politics; others advance normative theses, such as by making specific policy recommendations. The study of politics and policies can be closely connected—for example, in comparative analyses of which types of political institutions tend to produce certain types of policies. Political science provides analysis and predictions about political and governmental issues. Political scientists examine

780-409: Is an observational, not an experimental science." Because of this, political scientists have historically observed political elites, institutions, and individual or group behaviour in order to identify patterns, draw generalizations, and build theories of politics. Like all social sciences, political science faces the difficulty of observing human actors that can only be partially observed and who have

832-465: Is president, he collects classical sculptures and antique paintings Sorgente Group Fondazione Sorgente Group https://www.startmag.it/economia/dove-la-sorgente-dei-travagli-di-valter-mainetti-editore-del-foglio/ Wikiquote contains citations about or regarding Valter Mainetti Political Science Political science is the scientific study of politics . It is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and

884-620: The Sapienza University in Rome , with Aldo Moro as his thesis supervisor. In the mid-seventies he began working in the family businesses, in activity since the beginning of the 1900s in Italy and the United States, operating within the industry of iron construction and real estate . His maternal grandfather, Luigi Binda, had founded a company in New York City in 1919 specialized in the assembly of iron structures (amongst

936-423: The politics of China . Political scientists look at a variety of data, including constitutions, elections , public opinion , and public policy , foreign policy , legislatures, and judiciaries. Political scientists will often focus on the politics of their own country; for example, a political scientist from Indonesia may become an expert in the politics of Indonesia. The theory of political transitions, and

988-548: The 8th of January 2019 was placed in Extraordinary Amministration by Banca d'Italia, following a dispute with Fondazione ENASARCO, which began in 2015, regarding the management of two funds subscribed by the Fondazione. The Extraordinary Administration finished the 8th of January 2022, without any sanctions. In July 2023 he acquired, through Tiberiade Holding, belonging to a branch of his family,

1040-517: The American branche was transformed into a real estate business, and as such operated until the end of the ‘90s. In 1919, through several companies which are still part of the Group today, the American branch began to develop its entrepreneurial activities, distinguishing itself in the New York real estate market through a company specialized in multi-storey steel structures and by participating in

1092-463: The Core branch of the historic construction and major works Company Condotte, relaunching it as Società italiana per le Condotte d'Acqua 1880. The operation has a total value of 280 million euros (40 million euros as the cost of the transaction and 240 million euros for the replacement of collaterals). Mainetti is a collector of ancient artworks. Together with the Fondazione Sorgente Group, of which he

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1144-710: The USA and 1910 in Italy. In Italy between 1910 and 1943 the business focuses on iron manufacture, keeping a handcraft division dedicated to artistic productions, which after the Second World War, shifted towards the construction of major engineering works such as the Frascati Synchrotron, the Alfa Romeo plant in Arese and steelworks at Terni and Taranto. In the mid ‘70s a division for Social Housing

1196-485: The United States, see political science as part of a broader discipline of political studies or politics in general. While political science implies the use of the scientific method , political studies implies a broader approach, although the naming of degree courses does not necessarily reflect their content. Separate, specialized or, in some cases, professional degree programs in international relations , public policy , and public administration are common at both

1248-469: The acquisition of iconic buildings. As CEO of Sorgente Sgr, in 2001 he launched the first real estate fund, "Michelangelo", intended for institutional investors, with portfolio investments in prestigious buildings such as the Chrysler Building and Flatiron Building in New York City ;. Through the funds managed by Sorgente Group, in 2004 Palazzo del Tritone in Rome was acquired. It is now

1300-432: The analysis of political activities, political thought, political behavior , and associated constitutions and laws . Political science is a social science dealing with systems of governance and power, and the analysis of political activities, political institutions, political thought and behavior, and associated constitutions and laws . As a social science, contemporary political science started to take shape in

1352-406: The capacity for making conscious choices, unlike other subjects, such as non-human organisms in biology , minerals in geoscience , chemical elements in chemistry , stars in astronomy , or particles in physics . Despite the complexities, contemporary political science has progressed by adopting a variety of methods and theoretical approaches to understanding politics, and methodological pluralism

1404-459: The characteristics and functions of the ideal state. Generally, classical political philosophy is primarily defined by a concern for Hellenic and Enlightenment thought, political scientists are also marked by a great concern for " modernity " and the contemporary nation state , along with the study of classical thought, and as such share more terminology with sociologists (e.g., structure and agency ). The advent of political science as

1456-468: The construction of several buildings, including the expansion of the N.Y. Stock Exchange building in 1923 ( Trowbridge and Livingstone project) and the construction of Van Alen 's Chrysler Building in 1928. In 2006, Michelangelo Real Estate Corporation acquired 17% of the Flatiron Building in New York. Subsequently, in 2009, Sorgente Group of America acquired the majority of the shares of

1508-544: The discipline based on all types of scholarship discussed above, scholars have noted that progress toward systematic theory has been modest and uneven. In 2000, the Perestroika Movement in political science was introduced as a reaction against what supporters of the movement called the mathematicization of political science. Those who identified with the movement argued for a plurality of methodologies and approaches in political science and for more relevance of

1560-500: The discipline to those outside of it. Some evolutionary psychology theories argue that humans have evolved a highly developed set of psychological mechanisms for dealing with politics. However, these mechanisms evolved for dealing with the small group politics that characterized the ancestral environment and not the much larger political structures in today's world. This is argued to explain many important features and systematic cognitive biases of current politics. Political science

1612-470: The discipline. A focus on studying political behavior, rather than institutions or interpretation of legal texts, characterized early behavioral political science, including work by Robert Dahl , Philip Converse , and in the collaboration between sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld and public opinion scholar Bernard Berelson . The late 1960s and early 1970s witnessed a takeoff in the use of deductive, game-theoretic formal modelling techniques aimed at generating

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1664-447: The funds and the underlying companies amounts to €5 billion at January 2019 (in 2018 it amounted to over 5,8 billion). 30% of the 'Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno' was acquired through the Group, the percentage has fallen at 2% in 29.06.2018. By means of a subsidiary called 'Musa Comunicazione', the Group also holds 100% shares of the newspaper ‘Il Foglio Quotidiano’ and 80% shares of ‘Tempi’. The Sorgente Group has origins dating back to 1919 in

1716-860: The headquarters of Sorgente Group, hosting on the ground floor the Tritone Exhibition Space. In 2006 the Palazzo la Rinascente in Piazza Fiume (Rome) was also acquired. This is the only building designed in Rome by Franco Albini , a modern-style work in the historical style of the Capital. The purchase of the Fine Arts Building in Los Angeles dates back to 2012, while the Clock Tower of Santa Monica to 2013. In 2014

1768-542: The latter half of the 19th century and began to separate itself from political philosophy and history. Into the late 19th century, it was still uncommon for political science to be considered a distinct field from history. The term "political science" was not always distinguished from political philosophy, and the modern discipline has a clear set of antecedents including moral philosophy, political economy, political theology , history, and other fields concerned with normative determinations of what ought to be and with deducing

1820-476: The leadership of SAGEFIM Partecipazioni Spa, the parent company of the real estate business. The company's activities had gradually been oriented towards social housing. In 1999, with the introduction in Italy of the law on real estate funds, he completely restructured the businesses both in Italy and in the US under the brand Sorgente Group , which he conceived, directing the activities towards real estate finance and

1872-638: The lounge. Finally, an additional storage in the basement. The Sorgente Group supports the non-profit organization Sorgente Group Foundation founded in June 2008, headquartered in New York. The aim of Sorgente Group Foundation, which operates mainly in the USA, is to support charitable projects. In 2011 the Foundation allocated 1 million dollars to humanitarian and social projects. The Italian sister company, Sorgente Group Spa, supports Fondazione Sorgente Group – Istituzione per l’Arte e la Cultura, founded in 2007 as

1924-465: The methods of analyzing and anticipating crises, form an important part of political science. Several general indicators of crises and methods were proposed for anticipating critical transitions. Among them, one statistical indicator of crisis, a simultaneous increase of variance and correlations in large groups, was proposed for crisis anticipation and may be successfully used in various areas. Its applicability for early diagnosis of political crises

1976-446: The perception of a modern and high quality space. Amenities include a video doorman system, a secured package room for deliveries, an on-site fitness center with entertainment system and equipment, a private lounge that offers set-up for entertainment including a full bar and a large screen television, an eco- “Green Wall” in the lobby, which filters natural air in the common areas, as well as an additional interior landscaping Green Wall in

2028-644: The processes, systems and political dynamics of countries and regions of the world, often to raise public awareness or to influence specific governments. Political scientists may provide the frameworks from which journalists, special interest groups, politicians, and the electorate analyze issues. According to Chaturvedy, Political scientists may serve as advisers to specific politicians, or even run for office as politicians themselves. Political scientists can be found working in governments, in political parties, or as civil servants. They may be involved with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) or political movements. In

2080-440: The same time retaining the charm of the historic SoHo neighborhood. 60 White, located in the heart of TriBeCa , boasts 8 residential lofts that fuse high-end design with sustainability and energy efficiency. The building offers 2 and 3 bedroom residences ranging in size from 1,943 to 3,129 square feet. Pricing for available units starts at $ 4,220,000. All the lofts of “60White” are designed with spacious and brightly lit rooms, giving

2132-814: The skyscraper In 2009, the Donatello Fund, Sub-fund David, acquired the Galleria Colonna of Rome , renamed Galleria Alberto Sordi. In June 2012 The Sorgente Group acquired the Fine Arts Building of Los Angeles in the United States. In April 2013 the Group purchased the Clock Tower Building in Santa Monica , a 1929 building realized in Art Déco style, characterized by its four quadrant clock visible on each side of

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2184-425: The social sciences as a whole, can be described "as a discipline which lives on the fault line between the 'two cultures' in the academy, the sciences and the humanities ." Thus, in most American colleges, especially liberal arts colleges , it would be located within the school or college of arts and sciences . If no separate college of arts and sciences exists, or if the college or university prefers that it be in

2236-607: The state, and the relation of states one to another." As part of a UNESCO initiative to promote political science in the late 1940s, the International Political Science Association was founded in 1949, as well as national associations in France in 1949, Britain in 1950, and West Germany in 1951. In the 1950s and the 1960s, a behavioral revolution stressing the systematic and rigorously scientific study of individual and group behavior swept

2288-421: The study of culture in anthropology. In turn, methodologies that are developed within political science may influence how researchers in other fields, like public health, conceive of and approach political processes and policies. The most common piece of academic writing in generalist political sciences is the research paper, which investigates an original research question . Political science, possibly like

2340-475: The tower even from great distances. The Sorgente Group has two development projects in New York. 34 Greene Street is a 27,000 square foot structure, houses six condo-lofts and one duplex penthouse, each ranging in size from 2,000 to 5,000 square feet with 12 to 14 foot ceilings. The homes have grand living rooms that offer ample light from the nearly floor to ceiling windows, wide-plank solid wood floors and exposed brick, making for modern and luxurious living and at

2392-514: The traditional focuses of other social sciences—for example, when sociological norms or psychological biases are connected to political phenomena. In these cases, political science may either inherit their methods of study or develop a contrasting approach. For example, Lisa Wedeen has argued that political science's approach to the idea of culture, originating with Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba and exemplified by authors like Samuel P. Huntington , could benefit from aligning more closely with

2444-602: The undergraduate and postgraduate levels, although most but not all undergraduate level education in these sub-fields of political science is generally found in academic concentrations within a political science academic major . Master's-level programs in public administration are professional degrees covering public policy along with other applied subjects; they are often seen as more linked to politics than any other discipline, which may be reflected by being housed in that department. The main national honor society for college and university students of government and politics in

2496-458: The university's public policy school . Most United States colleges and universities offer BA programs in political science. MA or MAT and PhD or EdD programs are common at larger universities. The term political science is more popular in post-1960s North America than elsewhere while universities predating the 1960s or those historically influenced by them would call the field of study government ; other institutions, especially those outside

2548-781: The works carried out there are also the Chrysler Building and the expansion of the New York Stock Exchange ). Even his paternal family's company had been involved, since 1910 , in the realization of works in iron, and then following World War II began building mechanical and industrial plants, such as the Sincrotrone in Frascati , the Alfa Romeo in Arese, the Steelworks in Terni and Taranto. In 1987 he assumed

2600-416: Was also developed. The study of major crises, both political crises and external crises that can affect politics, is not limited to attempts to predict regime transitions or major changes in political institutions. Political scientists also study how governments handle unexpected disasters, and how voters in democracies react to their governments' preparations for and responses to crises. Political science

2652-530: Was demonstrated by the analysis of the prolonged stress period preceding the 2014 Ukrainian economic and political crisis. There was a simultaneous increase in the total correlation between the 19 major public fears in the Ukrainian society (by about 64%) and in their statistical dispersion (by 29%) during the pre-crisis years. A feature shared by certain major revolutions is that they were not predicted. The theory of apparent inevitability of crises and revolutions

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2704-409: Was established in Italy and abroad. At the end of the 1990s, Sorgente was reorganized with its activities being directed towards the real estate financing sector, with the aim of carrying out investments and establishing real estate funds. Sorgente SGR was thus established: since 2001, the Group has launched 37 real estate funds. After the crisis of 1929 there was a decline in industrial manufacturing, so

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