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58-527: Saibai may refer to: Saibai Island , in Australia's Torres Straits Saibai, Queensland , a town on the island Saibai Island Airport Maharani Saibai , a Maratha queen Saibai Yuuki, a To Love-Ru character Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Saibai . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

116-421: A language other than English at home. 93.0% of Saibai Islanders follow Christianity . In the 2021 census , Saibai Island had a population of 340 people. Saibai Island Campus is a primary (Early Childhood-6) school at 5 School Road ( 9°22′46″S 142°37′26″E  /  9.3794°S 142.6239°E  / -9.3794; 142.6239  ( Tagai State College - Saibai Island Campus ) ), part of

174-604: A lost whaleboat. Delargy established friendly relations with the people of Saibai, trading goods and sharing a feast with the Islanders. Pearling bases were never established on Saibai but in the 1870s European pearl and beche-de-mer operators began recruiting men from Saibai to work on their luggers. Torres Strait Islanders refer to the arrival of London Missionary Society (LMS) missionaries at Erub in July 1871 as "the Coming of

232-539: A mayor to constitute a council consisting of 15 councillors plus a mayor. In January 2012, very high tides inundated the island's cemetery and damaged sacred gravesites. The language spoken on Saibai is Kalaw Kawaw Ya (KKY). Saibai Islanders have always traded and had good relations with neighbouring Papuans. The Saibai Islanders converted to Christianity in 1871 with the arrival of the London Missionary Society . Saibai, Boigu and Dauan society

290-602: A new boundary for the colony which encompassed all islands within a 60 nautical mile radius of the coast of Queensland. This boundary was further extended to 96 kilometres (60 mi) by the Queensland Coast Islands Act 1879 (Qld) and included the islands of Boigu , Darnley, Murray and Saibai, which lay beyond the previous 60 nautical mile limit . The new legislation enabled the Queensland Government to control and regulate bases for

348-465: A new settlement inland from Red Island Point in 1952. The new settlement was named Bamaga in honour of the leader of the migration, Bamaga Ginau. The smaller community at Red Island Point changed its name to Seisia in 1977. After gaining its independence from Australia in 1975, Papua New Guinea asserted its right to the islands and waters of the Torres Straits. In December 1978, a treaty

406-475: A report of his voyage to Queirós. Although that account no longer survives, Queirós himself referred to it in some of his many memorials to the king, agitating for another voyage. The official account was written by Diego de Prado and signed by Torres and other officials in Manila on 6 June 1608. Torres, his crew and his captives disappear entirely from the historical record at this point, and their subsequent fate

464-684: A separate people from Aboriginal Australians . During World War Two , the Australian Government recruited Torres Strait Islander men to serve in the armed forces. Enlisted men from Saibai and other island communities formed the Torres Strait Light Infantry . While the Torres Strait Light Infantry were respected as soldiers, they only received one third of the pay given to white Australian servicemen. On 31 December 1943, members of

522-652: A sketch map which included the Queirós - Torres voyages to Joseph Banks , who undoubtedly passed this information to James Cook . The original official manuscript account reappeared in the collections of Sir Thomas Phillips during the 19th century. At the sale of some of Phillipps' manuscripts by Sotheby's, London, on 26 June 1919 it was purchased by booksellers Henry Stevens, Son and Stiles who sold it to English collector Sir Leicester Harmsworth . The State Library of New South Wales in Australia acquired it from Harmsworth's collection in 1932. It went on public display for

580-674: A specifically created Protected Zone and nearby areas. The Protected Zone also assists in the preservation and protection of the land, sea, air and native plant and animal life of the Torres Strait. On 30 March 1985, the Saibai community elected three councillors to constitute an autonomous Saibai Council established under the Community Services (Torres Strait) Act 1984 . This Act conferred local government type powers and responsibilities upon Torres Strait Islander councils for

638-415: A system of regular consultations with elected Islander council representatives. The new Island councils were given a degree of autonomy, including control over local police and courts. On 23 August 1937, O’Leary convened the first Inter Islander Councillors Conference at Masig. Representatives from 14 Torres Strait communities attended the conference. Namabai Atu, Mareko, Soki and Enosa represented Saibai at

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696-535: A temporary settlement in abandoned army facilities. In July 1948, the Queensland Government gazetted 44,500 acres extending from Red Island Point to Kennedy Inlet and the Cowal Creek mission, as a reserve for the use of the Torres Strait Islanders. In 1948, Mugai Elu and Tumena Sagaukaz left Saibai with their families and moved to Red Island Point. The Islanders at Muttee Heads relocated to

754-452: A woman who gave birth several weeks later. From these islands, Torres sailed along the southern coast of New Guinea reaching Orangerie Bay, which he named Bahía de San Lorenzo because he landed on 10 August, the feast of Saint Lawrence or San Lorenzo. The expedition then sailed to the Gulf of Papua , exploring and charting the coastline. Prado drew a number of sketch charts of anchorages in

812-645: Is Buwai "clan/moiety" based, there being two major Buwai (moieties), the Koei Buwai "Senior Moiety" and the Moegina Buwai "Junior Moiety"; each moiety is divided into totemic subclans, such as the Samu Augadh "Cassowary Totem" (Koei Buwai), Koedal Augadh "Crocodile Totem" (Moegina Buwai) and others. All social, food gathering, family business and traditional religion circles around clan relationships. The Saibaians have been legally acknowledged as being

870-675: Is an island of the Torres Strait Islands archipelago , located in the Torres Strait of Queensland , Australia. The island is situated north of the Australian mainland and south of the island of New Guinea . The island is a locality within the Torres Strait Island Region local government area. The town of Saibai is located on the north-west coast of the island. Most of the island

928-470: Is an average of 1 m above sea level and consists largely of mangrove fringe, flood plain and brackish swamps. The island is vulnerable to flooding and rising sea levels , particularly during the wet season when around 2 m of water regularly falls onto the island. During the dry season however, the island experiences drought-like conditions. The main village of Saibai, in the northwest, has a population of 171. The second village, Churum [Surum White Sand ], in

986-588: Is considered likely. Torres has been presented by some writers as Portuguese, without any evidence to back up the claim. Galician spelling at the time was indistinguishable from Portuguese. Records never call Torres Portuguese but note remarks made by crew members of the Portuguese origins of Pedro Fernandes de Queirós . Torres entered the navy of the Spanish Crown at some point and found his way to its South American viceroyalties. He first entered

1044-466: Is held under native title , apart from some government infrastructure and historic buildings. In the 2021 census , Saibai Island had a population of 340 people. The island was formed by alluvial deposits from Papua New Guinean rivers. Saibai is a fairly large low-lying island located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south of the Papua New Guinea mainland. Close to the north of Saibai is

1102-537: Is unknown. Prado returned to Spain , possibly taking one of the captive New Guineans with him. Most documents of Torres's discoveries were not published, but on reaching Spain , filed away in Spanish archives, including Prado’s lengthy account and the accompanying charts. Between 1762 and 1765, written accounts of the Torres expedition were seen by British Admiralty Hydrographer Alexander Dalrymple . Dalrymple provided

1160-629: The Gulf of Papua , several of which survive. Torres then took a route close to the New Guinea coast to navigate the 150-kilometre (93 mi) strait that now bears his name . In 1980 the Queensland master mariner Captain Brett Hilder proposed that it was more likely that Torres took a southerly route through the nearby channel now called Endeavour Strait , on 2–3 October 1606. From this position, he would certainly have seen Cape York ,

1218-539: The San Pedrico and Los Tres Reyes Magos under Torres’ command set sail for Manila . Contrary winds prevented the ships taking the more direct route along the north coast of New Guinea . Prado’s account notes that they sighted land on 14 July 1606, which was probably the island of Tagula in the Louisiade Archipelago , south east of New Guinea . The voyage continued over the next two months along

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1276-909: The Tagai State College which has 17 campuses throughout the Torres Strait. There is no secondary school on the island; the nearest is on Thursday Island . Saibai Island has a number of heritage-listed sites, including the Holy Trinity Church ( 9°22′49″S 142°37′10″E  /  9.3803°S 142.6194°E  / -9.3803; 142.6194  ( Holy Trinity Church, Saibai Island ) ). This Misplaced Pages article contains material from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community histories: Saibai . published by The State of Queensland under CC-BY-4.0 , accessed on 3 July 2017, archived on 19 April 2020. Lu%C3%ADs Vaz de Torres Captain Luis Váez de Torres

1334-450: The traditional owners of Saibai. They are of Melanesian origin and lived in village communities following traditional patterns of hunting, fishing, agriculture and trade for many thousands of years before contact was made with the first European, Asian and Pacific Island visitors to the region. Strong kinship and trade ties exist between the people of Saibai, Mt Cornwallis and Boigu Island , with less strong but still important ties with

1392-713: The Germans would win World War One and reward the people of Saibai with a cargo of gifts which would be brought to the island by steamer. After Britain and her allies defeated Germany in 1918, the Wislin movement died away. During the 1920s and 1930s racial legislation was strictly applied to Torres Strait Islanders enabling the government to remove Islanders to reserves and mission across Queensland. A small number of documented removals from Saibai occurred between 1909 and 1941; 2 people were removed to Palm Island and 1 person

1450-622: The Islanders and given land by the local chiefs. However, increased contact with the outside world brought new diseases to the islands and, during the 1870s, a measles epidemic significantly reduced the population of Saibai. In 1872, the Queensland Government sought to extend its jurisdiction and requested the support of the British Government. Letters Patent were issued by the British government in 1872 creating

1508-554: The Light". After visiting Darnley Island and Tudu , the LMS missionaries led by Rev. Samuel McFarlane and Reverend A.W. Murray travelled to Mt Cornwallis Island (now Dauan Island ) and Saibai islands. Two South Sea Islander lay pastors named Josaia and Sivene were appointed to work as missionary teachers at Mt Cornwallis and Saibai. LMS missionaries revisited Mt Cornwallis and Saibai in 1872 and found that Josaia and Sivene had been accepted by

1566-558: The Marind-Anim but sporadic raids on Saibai, Boigu and Mt Cornwallis islands and Papua continued well into the 1920s. The English scientist and anthropologist Alfred Cort Haddon first visited the Torres Straits in 1888. Haddon originally came to the Torres Straits to study the coral reefs but soon became fascinated by the traditional culture and way of life of the Torres Strait Islander people. Haddon returned to

1624-728: The Saibai community forum. In 2007, the Local Government Reform Commission recommended that the 15 Torres Strait Island councils be abolished and the Torres Strait Island Regional Council (TSIRC) be established in their place. In elections conducted under the Local Government Act 1993 on 15 March 2008, members of the 15 communities comprising the TSIRC local government area each voted for a local councillor and

1682-531: The Torres Strait Light Infantry went on strike calling for equal pay and equal rights. The Australian Government agreed to increase their pay to two-thirds the level received by white servicemen. Full back pay was offered in compensation to the Torres Strait servicemen by the Australian Government in the 1980s. At the end of World War Two, the Queensland Government introduced measures to compensate Torres Strait Islanders for their contribution to

1740-674: The Torres Strait. Over time, the Queensland Government began to exert more influence on the lives of Torres Strait Islander people. John Douglas , the government Resident at Thursday Island , initially shielded Torres Strait Islanders from the controlling provisions of the Aboriginal Protection and Restriction of the Sale of Opium Act 1897 . After Douglas died in 1904, the administration that followed began to assert control over Torres Strait Islander labour and savings accounts and imposed restrictions on Islander movement to and from

1798-488: The Torres Straits in 1898 with the Cambridge University anthropological expedition. The Cambridge expedition spent 7 months in the Torres Straits including a stay at Saibai, documenting the Torres Strait Islander people and their culture. The expedition collected artefacts, took down genealogies, re-created ceremonies and used wax cylinders and early movie cameras to make the first sound recordings and films in

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1856-476: The Viceroy of Peru . These contained instructions on what course to follow if the ships became separated and who would be in command in the event of the loss of Queirós. The orders appear to have listed Prado as successor to Queirós, as he was capitán-entretenido (spare captain) on the voyage. However, there is overwhelming evidence Torres remained in command, including Prado’s own account. On 26 June 1606

1914-519: The beche-de-mer and pearling industries, which previously had operated outside its jurisdiction. From the late 1870s onwards, the coastal communities of Papua and the islands of Saibai, Boigu and Mt Cornwallis were raided by warriors of the Marind-Anim or Tugeri people from Dutch-controlled West Papua . A retaliatory expedition led by British officials based in Daru in 1896 diminished the threat of

1972-463: The coastline. On the night of 11 June 1606 Queirós in the San Pedro y San Pablo became separated from the other ships in bad weather and was unable (or so he later said) to return to safe anchorage at Espiritu Santo. In reality, the crew mutinied, with the unfavorable wind conditions just giving them an opportunity to do so. The captain on the San Pedro y San Pablo named Don Diego de Prado, aware of

2030-481: The conference. After lengthy discussions, unpopular bylaws (including the evening curfews) were cancelled and a new code of local representation was agreed upon. In 1939, the Queensland Government passed the Torres Strait Islander Act 1939 , which incorporated many of the recommendations discussed at the conference. A key section of the new act officially recognised Torres Strait Islanders as

2088-517: The crew's plans, had already transferred to Torres's ship, and so did the expedition's surgeon. Queirós' ship, with Queirós being held in his cabin, then sailed to Acapulco in Mexico , where she arrived in November 1606. In the account by Prado, which is highly critical of Queirós, mutiny and poor leadership are given as the reason for Queirós’ disappearance. Torres, in his account, says that whoever

2146-679: The first time in August 1997. There are a number of surviving documents that describe the Queirós – Torres voyages. Most significant are: 1617 may be the date of the first English translation of one of Queirós’ memorials, as Terra Australis Incognita , or A New Southerne Discoverie . A short account of Queirós’ voyage and discoveries was published in English by Samuel Purchas in 1625 in Haklvytvs posthumus , or, Pvrchas his Pilgrimes , vol. iv, p. 1422-1432. This account also appears to be based on

2204-575: The first time. The council area, previously an Aboriginal reserve held by the Queensland Government, was transferred on 21 October 1985 to the trusteeship of the council under a Deed of Grant in Trust. In March 2000, the elections for the Saibai Council were conducted on a clan basis. Seven councillors were elected to represent each of the 7 traditional clans. Each clan elected its own councillor. This system of representation has been maintained for

2262-494: The historical record as the nominated commander of the second ship in an expedition to the Pacific proposed by the Portuguese born navigator Pedro Fernandes de Queirós, searching for Terra Australis . There is no known contemporary depiction of his face or person. Pedro Fernandes de Queirós was a Portuguese-born navigator who commanded a party of three Spanish ships, San Pedro y San Pablo (60 tons), San Pedrico (40 tons) and

2320-439: The lifting of evening curfews, the removal of the permit system for inter-island travel and the recognition of Islanders' right to recruit their own boat crews. Three men were jailed on Saibai in 1936 by the authorities after strike protests occurred on the island. The strike produced a number of significant reforms and innovations. Unpopular local Protector J D McLean was removed and replaced by Cornelius O’Leary who established

2378-478: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saibai&oldid=1012457540 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Saibai Island Download coordinates as: Saibai Island , commonly called Saibai ( Kala Lagaw Ya : Saybay, Saibai, Saibe ),

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2436-449: The mainland. In November 1912, an area of 35,000 acres of land on Saibai was officially gazetted as an Aboriginal reserve by the Queensland Government. Many other Torres Strait Islands were gazetted as Aboriginal reserves at the same time. Shortages of food on Saibai were mentioned in a government report dating from 1912. Between 1914 and 1918, a cargo cult known as "German Wislin" emerged on Saibai. The Wislin believers predicted that

2494-449: The neighbouring Papuan communities. Only a small proportion of the island is inhabited. In the 2016 census , Saibai Island had a population of 465 people. 84.0% of people were born in Australia. Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginal people made up 85.6% of the population, with 70% of the population claiming Torres Strait Islander ancestry. The most common response for religion was Anglican at 44.9%. 79.5% of households in Saibai spoke

2552-488: The northernmost extremity of Australia . According to 19th-century Australian writer George Collingridge , Torres "had discovered Australia without being aware of the fact". However, Willem Janszoon had made several landfalls on the west coast of the Cape York Peninsula 7 to 8 months prior, while Torres never claimed that he had sighted the southern continent. "Here there are very large islands, and more to

2610-651: The south" he wrote. Torres followed the coastline of New Guinea, and claimed possession of the island in the name of the King of Spain on 18 October 1606. On 27 October he reached the western extremity of New Guinea and then made his way north of Ceram and Misool toward the Halmahera Sea . At the beginning of January 1607 he reached Ternate , part of the Spice Islands . He sailed on 1 May for Manila arriving on 22 May. The expedition proved that New Guinea

2668-488: The southeastern coast, and a number of landfalls were made to replenish the ships’ food and water. The expedition discovered Milne Bay including Basilaki Island which they named Tierra de San Buenaventura , taking possession of the land for Spain in July 1606. This brought the Spanish in close and sometimes violent contact with local indigenous people. Prado and Torres both record the capture of twenty people, including

2726-439: The southwest, numbers 128. In 1606, Luís Vaz de Torres sailed through Torres Strait islands, navigating them, along New Guinea's southern coast. In the 1860s, beche-de-mer (sea cucumber) and pearling boats began working the reefs of Torres Strait. The first European to visit Saibai was probably a beche-de-mer operator named John Delargy, who visited the island with his South Sea Islander crew in 1869 while searching for

2784-636: The tender Los Tres Reyes Magos . The three ships left Callao in Spanish Peru , on 21 December 1605, with Torres in command of the San Pedrico . In May 1606, they reached a group of islands that would later be known as the New Hebrides and Vanuatu . Queirós named the group La Austrialia del Espiritu Santo : "Austrialia [ sic ] of the Holy Spirit". A morphological derivation of Austria , Queirós's neologism Austrialia

2842-467: The uninhabited Kauamag , separated from Saibai by a channel that is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) long, between 180 and 650 metres (590 and 2,130 ft) wide, and nearly blocked at its east end. The island is about 21.8 kilometres (13.5 mi) in length by 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) in width, and is flat, predominantly mangrove swamplands, with the highest point being 1.7 metres (5 ft 7 in) above mean sea level , and prone to flooding during

2900-412: The war effort and to populate the north as a defence against foreign invasion. After the war, enlisted Torres Strait Islander men from Saibai, Boigu and Mt Cornwallis islands also discussed the possibility of developing a community on the mainland. Saibai elder, Bamaga Ginau, supported the proposal. In 1947, king tides caused serious damage to properties and gardens across Saibai. The village of Saibai

2958-401: The wet season, which coincides with king tides. A bitumen airstrip allows year-round access. Saibai is part of the north-western island group of Torres Strait, which consists of the Saibai, Dauan and Boigu islands. Saibai lies approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) off the coast of New Guinea and is approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) long and 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) wide. The island

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3016-594: Was a reference to the Austrian origins of the House of Habsburg – to which the Spanish royal family belonged. The largest island in Vanuatu is still known officially by the abbreviated form, Espiritu Santo . Along with the ancient Latin name Terra Australis , Queirós's word Austrialia has often been regarded as one of the bases of the name of Australia . After six weeks, Queirós’ ships put to sea again to explore

3074-461: Was in charge of San Pedro y San Pablo departed intentionally, saying "it was not possible for us to find them, for they did not sail on the proper course, nor with good intention". Later, although Torres's crew was displeased with Torres's decisions, a full-scale mutiny did not happen; Torres says his "condition was different to that of Captain Queirós." Torres remained at Espiritu Santo for 15 days before opening sealed orders he had been given by

3132-759: Was not part of the sought-after continent. Torres intended to personally present the captives, weapons and a detailed account to the king on his return to Spain. His short written account of the voyage indicates this. However, it appears there was no interest in Manila in outfitting his voyage back to Spain , and he was told his ships and men were required locally for the King’s service. On 1 June 1607, two ships arrived in Manila from South America, one being Queirós former flagship San Pedro y San Pablo , now under another name, but with some of her former crewmen still aboard. Learning that Queirós had survived, Torres immediately wrote

3190-401: Was recorded as being called a " Breton " by crewmen in reports of the 1606 –1608 voyage, which points to an origin in the northwest historical territory of Spain, i. e., Galicia . Most contemporary historians accept this as evidence of his origins. The year and exact place of his birth are unknown; assuming him to have been in his late thirties or forties in 1606, a birth year of around 1565

3248-541: Was signed by the Australian and Papua New Guinea governments that described the boundaries between the 2 countries and the use of the sea area by both parties. The Torres Strait Treaty , which operated from February 1985, contains special provision for free movement (without passports or visas) between both countries. There is constant traffic throughout the year between Saibai and Papua New Guinea. Free movement between communities applies to traditional activities, such as fishing, trading and family gatherings, which occur in

3306-433: Was taken to Yarrabah . In 1936, around 70% of the Torres Strait Islander workforce went on strike in the first organised challenge against government authority made by Torres Strait Islanders. The nine-month strike was an expression of Islanders' anger and resentment at increasing government control of their livelihoods. The strike was a protest against government interference in wages, trade and commerce and also called for

3364-479: Was totally flooded by 10 metres (33 ft) of water. Erosion and a lack of freshwater were concerns. Bamaga Ginau called a meeting regarding the future of Saibai and after much discussion a number of families made the decision to leave Saibai and move to the Cape York Peninsula . The first families left Saibai on the pearl luggers Millard and Macoy and arrived at Muttee Heads in June 1947, where they established

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