67-438: Salisbury International Arts Festival (founded in 1974) is an annual multi-arts festival that delivers over 150 arts events each year in and around the city of Salisbury , England. Events include concerts, comedy, poetry, dance, exhibitions, outdoor spectacles, and commissioned works. The festival makes use of the surrounding landscape, hosting events in settings including the ancient circles of Stonehenge , Old Wardour Castle ,
134-556: A Novichok nerve agent. Salisbury is within the county of Wiltshire , and the administrative district of the same name. For local government purposes, it is administered by the Wiltshire Council unitary authority. Salisbury forms a civil parish with a parish council known as the Salisbury City Council . Since the local boundary review of 2020, two electoral wards – St Edmund and Harnham East – cover
201-697: A salient between the River Bourne and the Hampshire Avon , near a crossroads of several early trade routes. During the Iron Age , sometime between 600 and 300 BC, a hillfort ( oppidum ) was constructed around it. The Romans may have occupied the site or left it in the hands of an allied tribe. At the time of the Saxon invasions , Old Sarum fell to King Cynric of Wessex in 552. Preferring settlements in bottomland, such as nearby Wilton ,
268-507: A 4-mile radius of the city centre and are listed in approximately clockwise order: The civil parish of Salisbury, which does not include some of the city's suburbs such as Laverstock, Ford , Britford and Netherhampton , had a population of 40,302 at the 2011 census . The urban zone , which contains the wards immediately surrounding the city, had a population of 62,216 at the 2011 Census. The wards included in this figure are Laverstock , Britford , Downton , Alderbury , Odstock and
335-456: A four-year journey that will go on to track the passage of the Sun across night and day, from an eastern sunrise to a western sunset. This was the year of the midnight sun, inspired by the theme of contrast in lightness and dark, in particular the fire and ice of Nordic lands. In 2013 Ageas Salisbury International Arts Festival celebrated the arts of Catalonia with powerful, feisty and witty work from
402-466: A programme of theatre, live music, dance, public sculpture, street performance and art exhibitions. Salisbury also houses a producing theatre, Salisbury Playhouse , which produces between eight and ten plays a year, as well as welcoming touring productions. The Salisbury Museum is housed in the King's House , a Grade I listed building whose history dates back to the 13th century, opposite the west front of
469-638: A strong artistic community, with galleries situated in the city centre, including the Young Gallery (incorporating the John Creasey Museum ), located in Salisbury Library. In the 18th century, John Constable made a number of celebrated landscape paintings featuring the cathedral's spire and the surrounding countryside. Salisbury's annual International Arts Festival, started in 1973, and held in late May to early June, provides
536-725: A walkway that links Harnham with the rest of the city, is at times impassable. Water-meadows at Harnham, fed by two branches of the River Nadder , are first documented in the 17th century. East Harnham Meadows , in the floodplain of the Avon , is a Site of Special Scientific Interest . There are civil airfields at Old Sarum (where the experimental aircraft the Edgley Optica was developed and tested) and at Thruxton near Andover . Salisbury has many areas and suburbs, most of them being former villages that were absorbed by
603-455: Is John Glen ( Conservative ), who was first elected in 2010. Salisbury is approximately halfway between Exeter and London being 80 miles (128 km) east-northeast of Exeter , 78 miles (126 km) west-southwest of London and also 34 miles (55 km) south of Swindon , 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Southampton and 32 miles (51 km) southeast of Bath . The geology of the area, as with much of South Wiltshire and Hampshire ,
670-491: Is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire , England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon , Nadder and Bourne . The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath . Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain . An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum . A new cathedral
737-493: Is largely chalk. The rivers which flow through the city have been redirected, and along with landscaping, have been used to feed into public gardens. They are popular in the summer, particularly in Queen Elizabeth Gardens, as the water there is shallow and slow-flowing enough to enter safely. Because of the low-lying land, the rivers are prone to flooding, particularly during the winter months. The Town Path,
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#1732772683527804-469: Is the area immediately around a cathedral , sometimes extending for a hundred metres or more from the main cathedral building. In Europe in the Middle Ages , and often later, it was usually all the property of the cathedral, and under the bishop or cathedral's legal jurisdiction rather than that of the surrounding city. It normally had gates which were locked at night or when there were disturbances in
871-530: Is the largest in Britain. In the 21st century such areas often include residences of non-clerics, possibly including the houses of official or prominent persons (such as judges' houses). Until recent local-government reforms many cathedral closes still functioned as separate administrative units: St. David's cathedral close, in Pembrokeshire , counted as a separate civil parish distinct from that of
938-794: The Ancient Britons listed in the History of the Britons (9th century), has been identified with Salisbury. Alternative names for the city, in the Welsh Chronicle of the Britons (12th century) were Caer-Caradog , Caer-Gradawc , and Caer-Wallawg. By the Roman era, the name had become Sorbiodūnum ; the first part was of unknown origin, although the Brittonic suffix -dūnon meant "fortress". The name first recorded during
1005-430: The River Nadder and the Hampshire Avon . It was first known as "New Sarum" or New Saresbyri . The town was laid out on a grid . Work on the new cathedral building, the present Salisbury Cathedral, began in 1221. The site was supposedly established by shooting an arrow from Old Sarum, although this is certainly a legend: the distance is over three kilometres (2 mi). The legend is sometimes amended to claim that
1072-626: The 'cheese and milk cross', which indicated that market and was in the triangle between the HSBC bank and the Salisbury Library; a third cross near the site of the present war memorial, which marked a woollen and yarn market; and a fourth, called Barnwell or Barnard's Cross, in the Culver Street and Barnard Street area, which marked a cattle and livestock market. Today, only the Poultry Cross remains, to which flying buttresses were added in
1139-636: The 1110s and began work on a royal palace during the 1130s, prior to his arrest by Henry's successor, Stephen . After this arrest, the castle at Old Sarum was allowed to fall into disrepair, but the sheriff and castellan continued to administer the area under the king's authority. Bishop of Salisbury Hubert Walter was instrumental in the negotiations with Saladin during the Third Crusade , but he spent little time in his diocese prior to his elevation to archbishop of Canterbury . The brothers Herbert and Richard Poore succeeded him and began planning
1206-783: The 19th century. The Market Hall, later known as the Corn Exchange , was completed in 1859. In 1226, Henry III granted the Bishop of Salisbury a charter to hold a fair lasting eight days from the Feast of the Assumption of Mary (15 August). Over the centuries the dates of the fair have moved around, but in its modern guise, a funfair is now held in the Market Place for three days from the third Monday in October. From 1833 to
1273-627: The Anglo-Saxon era was Searoburg ( dative Searobyrig ), around the end of the 9th century. This was a partial calque of the Roman name, with burg being the Old English word for "fort". Middle English Sarisberie was abbreviated as Sar , which in turn gave rise to the latinization "Sarum". The hilltop at Old Sarum lies near the Neolithic sites of Stonehenge and Avebury and shows some signs of early settlement. It commanded
1340-571: The EU. 62.49% of the civil parish's population declared their religion to be Christianity, while 27.09% stated "no religion" and 8.02% declined to state their religion. 0.79% of the population declared their religion to be Islam , 0.41% Buddhism , 0.40% Hinduism and 0.80% as another religion. 95.89% of the civil parish's population considered their "main language" to be English, while 1.12% considered it to be Polish , 0.28% considered it to be Bengali and 0.24% considered it to be Tagalog . 99.43% of
1407-632: The Light) and The Pianist ( Thomas Monckton ). The music line up was the Modern Maori Quartet , New Zealand String Quartet , Benjamin Baker (violinist) and Jonathan Lemalu . Visual art was represented by Benjamin Work, The Glorious Children of Te Tumu and Caro Williams, Call and Response. In his second year as Festival Director, Toby Smith continued a four-year journey tracing the passage of
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#17327726835271474-529: The Queen's Gate, and St Nicholas's Gate were original, while a fifth was constructed in the 19th century to allow access to Bishop Wordsworth's School, in the Cathedral Close. During his time in the city, the composer Handel stayed in a room above St Ann's gate. The original site of the city at Old Sarum, meanwhile, fell into disuse. It continued as a rotten borough : at the time of its abolition during
1541-625: The Saxons largely ignored Old Sarum until the Viking invasions led King Alfred (King of Wessex from 871 to 899) to restore its fortifications. Along with Wilton, however, it was abandoned by its residents to be sacked and burned by the Dano - Norwegian king Sweyn Forkbeard in 1003. It subsequently became the site of Wilton's mint . Following the Norman invasion of 1066, a motte-and-bailey castle
1608-543: The UK for the first time. This was Jo Metcalf's first festival. Memorable events from the 2005 festival include the making of a sand mandala in the Cathedral Close and a performance by Tibetan monks at Stonehenge . There was also a strong literature programme this year. Salisbury Salisbury ( / ˈ s ɔː l z b ər i / SAWLZ -bər-ee , locally / ˈ s ɔː z b ər i / SAWZ -bər-ee )
1675-697: The Wiltshire chalk downs , and Salisbury Cathedral . Every four years a new director is chosen to deliver the annual festival. In 2018 the festival organisers amalgamated with Salisbury Playhouse and Salisbury Arts Centre to form Wiltshire Creative. This year there was a focus on Aotearoa New Zealand described as 'a distant land defined by Māori culture and its fusion with European and contemporary Pacific island traditions'. Featured artists included Trygve Wakenshaw, Corey Baker Dance , writers Witi Ihimaera and Fiona Farrell , theatre performances of Beards! Beards! Beards! (Show Pony), The Bookbinder (Trick of
1742-537: The adjacent village-city for some 50 years after the 1914 disestablishment of the Church in Wales . Other closes still have the secularised former residences of canons but no resident senior clergy. In some cities, such as Trier , property close to the cathedral is occupied by clergy. The equivalent German term is Domfreiheit . The Barchester novels ( Chronicles of Barsetshire ) of Anthony Trollope are set largely in
1809-684: The administration of the City of New Sarum under its former charters, but its successor, Wiltshire County 's Salisbury District , continued to be accorded its former city status. The name was finally formally amended from "New Sarum" to "Salisbury" during the 2009 changes occasioned by the 1992 Local Government Act , which established the Salisbury City Council. On 4 March 2018, former Russian double agent Sergei Skripal and his daughter, Yulia Skripal, were poisoned in Salisbury with
1876-661: The area around Barcelona. The themes for the 2012 festival were Brazil's rich cultural heritage, the Olympics and fire. Celebration was in the air as 2012 marked both the 40th anniversary of the festival and the Queen's Diamond Jubilee. Salisbury International Arts Festival staged the Fire Garden at Stonehenge in July 2012 as part of the Cultural Olympiad , attracting 10,000 visitors. Ageas became principal sponsor of
1943-403: The arrow struck a white deer, which continued to run and died on the spot where the cathedral now rests. The structure was built upon wooden faggots on a gravel bed with unusually shallow foundations of 18 in (45 cm) and the main body was completed in only 38 years. The 123 m or 404 ft tall spire, the tallest in the UK, was built later. With royal approval, many of the stones for
2010-533: The best-preserved of the four surviving copies of Magna Carta . New Sarum was made a city by a charter from King Henry III in 1227 and, by the 14th century, was the largest settlement in Wiltshire. The city wall surrounds the Close and was built in the 14th century, again with stones removed from the former cathedral at Old Sarum. The wall now has five gates: the High Street Gate, St Ann's Gate,
2077-544: The bishop, William Ayscough , who had been involved with the government. In 1483, a large-scale rebellion against Richard III broke out, led by his own 'kingmaker', Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham . After the revolt collapsed, Buckingham was executed at Salisbury, near the Bull's Head Inn. An act of Parliament , the River Avon Navigation (Christchurch to New Sarum) Act 1664 ( 16 & 17 Cha. 2 . c. 12)
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2144-589: The cathedral. The permanent Stonehenge exhibition gallery has interactive displays about Stonehenge and the archaeology of south Wiltshire, and its collections include the skeleton of the Amesbury Archer , which is on display. The Pitt Rivers display holds a collection from General Augustus Pitt Rivers . The costume gallery showcases costumes and textiles from the area, with costumes for children to try on while imagining themselves as characters from Salisbury's past. Cathedral Close A cathedral close
2211-402: The centre of Salisbury and staffed by predominantly young women who had no previous mechanical experience but were trained for specific tasks in the aircraft construction process. Supporting the factories were many workers producing small components in home-based workshops and garden sheds. Sub-assemblies were built in the city centre factories and then transported to High Post airfield (north of
2278-619: The city centre within the A36 ring road , and the rest of the unitary and city council areas are covered by six further wards. Laverstock and Ford parish council has the same boundary as the Laverstock ward, as well as part of the Old Sarum and Upper Bourne Valley ward, at unitary level. The Bishopdown Farm estate on the outskirts of Salisbury is now part of Laverstock and Ford, joining Hampton Park and Riverdown Park. Prior to 2009, Salisbury
2345-662: The city, enabling audiences to stumble upon the festival in unexpected and unanticipated ways. This festival focused on the themes of Latin America , movement and water. There were many acts from many countries in Central and South America including Mexico , Guatemala , Paraguay , Chile and Venezuela . Also, in this year, the festival formed a partnership with the Living River Project to bring water-themed events to Salisbury. The 2006 festival programme reflected
2412-456: The city, in Durnford parish) and Chattis Hill (northeast, near Stockbridge ), where the aircraft were assembled, test flown and then distributed to RAF airfields across England. A total of over 2000 Spitfires were produced. The whole process was carried out in secret without the knowledge of even the local people and only emerged into public knowledge after the production of a film describing
2479-433: The clerics debauching the castellan's female relations. In the end, the clerics were refused permission to reenter the city walls following their rogations and processions . This caused Peter of Blois to describe the church as "a captive within the walls of the citadel like the ark of God in the profane house of Baal ". He advocated Let us descend into the plain! There are rich fields and fertile valleys abounding in
2546-519: The construction of the first Salisbury cathedral , though neither lived to see its completion in 1092. Osmund served as Lord Chancellor of England (in office c. 1070–1078); he was responsible for the codification of the Sarum Rite , the compilation of the Domesday Book , which was probably presented to William at Old Sarum, and, after centuries of advocacy from Salisbury's bishops,
2613-499: The festival and its full name was amended to Ageas Salisbury International Arts Festival. The main themes for the 2011 festival were China, dance and physical form and air, with birds and kites flying high throughout the festival. The main themes for the 2010 festival were Russia, stories, stone and chalk. Inspired by the Wiltshire White Horses cut into the landscape, the theme of the horse also appeared throughout
2680-470: The fruits of the earth and watered by the living stream. There is a seat for the Virgin Patroness of our church to which the world cannot produce a parallel. Herbert Poore's successor and brother Richard Poore eventually moved the cathedral to a new town on his estate at Veteres Sarisberias ("Old Salisburies") in 1220. The site was at "Myrifield" ("Merryfield"), a meadow near the confluence of
2747-517: The gasworks were producing not only coal gas but also coke , which was sold off as the by-product of gas-making. Ammoniacal liquor, another by-product, was mixed with sulphuric acid, dried and ground to make a powder which was sold as an agricultural fertiliser. The clinker from the retort house was sold to a firm in London to be used as purifier beds in the construction of sewage works . Salisbury power station supplied electricity to Salisbury and
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2814-546: The growth of the city. The boundaries of these areas are for the most part unofficial and not fixed. All of these suburbs are within Salisbury's ONS Urban Area, which had a population of 44,748 in 2011. However, not all of these suburbs are administered by the city council, and are therefore not within the eight wards that had a combined population of 40,302 in 2011. Two parishes are part of the urban area but outside Salisbury parish. Surrounding parishes, villages and towns rely on Salisbury for some services. The following are within
2881-410: The largest ethnic minority group was 'other white' comprising 3.6% of the population as of 2011. There is not much contrast between areas when it comes to ethnic diversity. The ward of St Edmund and Milford is the most multiethnic, with 86.0% of the population being White British. The least multiethnic is the ward of St Francis and Stratford, which contains suburbs in the north of the city, with 94.8% of
2948-663: The loyalty of many of James's commanders was in doubt. The first blood was shed at the Wincanton Skirmish , in Somerset . In Salisbury, James heard that some of his officers had deserted, such as Edward Hyde , and he broke out in a nosebleed, which he took as an omen that he should retreat. His commander in chief, the Earl of Feversham , advised retreat on 23 November, and the next day John Churchill defected to William. On 26 November, James's own daughter, Princess Anne , did
3015-575: The mid-1980s, the Salisbury Gas Light & Coke Company, which ran the city's gasworks, was one of the major employers in the area. The company was formed in 1832 with a share capital of £8,000, and its first chairman was the 3rd Earl of Radnor . The company was incorporated by a private Act of Parliament in 1864, and the Gas Orders Confirmation Act 1882 empowered it to raise capital of up to £40,000. At its peak,
3082-404: The neighbouring town of Wilton , among others, however it does not include the towns of Amesbury or Romsey , as these support their own local populations and are further afield. At the 2011 census the population of the civil parish was 95.73% white (91.00% White British ), 2.48% Asian (0.74% Indian , 0.41% Bangladeshi , 0.40% Chinese ), 0.45% black and 1.15% mixed race. Within the parish,
3149-437: The new cathedral were taken from the old one ; others came from Chilmark . They were probably transported by ox-cart, owing to the obstruction to boats on the River Nadder caused by its many weirs and watermills. The cathedral is considered a masterpiece of Early English architecture . The spire's large clock was installed in 1386, and is one of the oldest surviving mechanical clocks in the world. The cathedral also contains
3216-535: The newly established Wilts & Dorset operator. The Scout company failed in 1921 after wartime disruption and competition from larger makers. Shopping centres include The Old George Mall, The Maltings, Winchester Street, and the Crosskeys precinct. Major employers include Salisbury District Hospital . The closure of the Friends Life office, the second largest employer, was announced in 2015. Salisbury
3283-533: The population being White British. The city is represented by six other wards. Within the parish, the largest ethnic minority group was 'other white' comprising 3.6% of the population as of 2011. 86.43% of the civil parish's population were born in England, 3.94% were born elsewhere in the UK. 4.94% were born elsewhere in the EU (including the Republic of Ireland ), while 4.70% of the population were born outside
3350-478: The population claimed to be able to speak English well or very well. In 2001, 22.33% of Salisbury's population were aged between 30 and 44, 42.76% were over 45, and 13.3% were between 18 and 29. Salisbury holds a Charter market on Tuesdays and Saturdays and has held markets regularly since 1227. In the 15th century the Market Place had four crosses: the Poultry Cross , whose name describes its market;
3417-569: The programme. Salisbury International Arts Festival 2009 was named 'Tourism Event of the Year' at South West Tourism's 'Tourism Excellence Awards'. The first year of new festival director, Maria Bota, saw a series of themes—'India’, ‘spirit’ and ‘water’—woven throughout the programme. East met West in a programme of events from the festival's featured artist Kuljit Bhamra —composer, producer and virtuoso tabla player. 2009 also saw an expanded programme of outdoor events with activities scattered throughout
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#17327726835273484-572: The reforms of 1832, its Member of Parliament (MP) represented three households. In May 1289, there was uncertainty about the future of Margaret, Maid of Norway , and her father sent ambassadors to Edward I . Edward met Robert the Bruce and others at Salisbury in October 1289, which resulted in the Treaty of Salisbury , under which Margaret would be sent to Scotland before 1 November 1290 and any agreement on her future marriage would be delayed until she
3551-521: The relocation of the cathedral into the valley almost immediately. Their plans were approved by King Richard I but repeatedly delayed: Herbert was first forced into exile in Normandy in the 1190s by the hostility of his archbishop Walter and then again to Scotland in the 1210s owing to royal hostility following the papal interdiction against King John . The secular authorities were particularly incensed, according to tradition, owing to some of
3618-562: The same, and James returned to London the same day, never again to be at the head of a serious military force in England. Following the destruction by the Luftwaffe of the Southampton factories building Supermarine Spitfires in 1940, production was dispersed to shadow factories elsewhere in the south of England. Salisbury was the major centre of production, supplemented by Trowbridge and Reading . Several factories were set up in
3685-461: The sun from night to day. Focusing on the glorious Eastern dawn, the arts and culture of the Middle East took centre stage this year. Some of the finest Middle-Eastern artists brought music, poetry, film and photography inspired by their rich cultural history, as well as the usual variety of brilliantly talented UK artists. The 2014 Ageas Salisbury International Arts Festival marked the start of
3752-540: The surrounding area from 1898 to 1970. The power station was at Town Mill and was owned and operated by Salisbury Electric Light and Supply Company Limited prior to the nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948. The coal-fired power station was redeveloped several times to incorporate new plant including a water-driven turbine. From the Middle Ages to the start of the 20th century, Salisbury
3819-515: The theme of 'Relate': how people connect with one another locally and as a global community. There was a strong artistic emphasis on storytelling, recurring motifs relating to the environment and atmosphere, and images of wings, clouds, birds, fairytales, myths, and dreams. These themes were exemplified in the Aboriginal Cultural Showcase, which featured a wide range of indigenous Australian artists, many of whom were visiting
3886-687: The whole process. In July 2021 a memorial to the workers, in the form of a life-size fibreglass model Mk IX Spitfire, was unveiled in Castle Road, Salisbury (near the rugby club) on the site of one of the factories. At the time of the 1948 Summer Olympics , held in London, a relay of runners carried the Olympic Flame from Wembley Stadium , where the Games were based, to the sailing centre at Torbay via Slough , Basingstoke , Salisbury, and Exeter . The 1972 Local Government Act eliminated
3953-438: The wider city, hence the name – "close" in the sense of "something enclosed". It usually included buildings housing diocesan offices, schools, free-standing chapels associated with the cathedral, and the palace of the bishop and other clergy houses associated with the cathedral. Cathedral closes are sometimes – but not necessarily – arranged in a sort of square around a courtyard, as at the close at Salisbury Cathedral , which
4020-406: Was an important centre for music in the 18th century. The grammarian James Harris , a friend of Handel , directed concerts at the Assembly Rooms for almost 50 years up to his death in 1780. Many of the most famous musicians and singers of the day performed there. Salisbury holds an annual St George's Day pageant, the origins of which are claimed to go back to the 13th century. Salisbury has
4087-486: Was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum . This continued to be its official name until 2009 , when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Main Line and the Wessex Main Line . Stonehenge , a UNESCO World Heritage Site , is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury. Cair-Caratauc , one of 28 cities of
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#17327726835274154-531: Was constructed by 1070. The castle was held directly by the Norman kings; its castellan was generally also the sheriff of Wiltshire . In 1075 the Council of London established Herman as the first bishop of Salisbury , uniting his former sees of Sherborne and Ramsbury into a single diocese which covered the counties of Dorset , Wiltshire, and Berkshire . In 1055, Herman had planned to move his seat to Malmesbury , but its monks and Earl Godwin objected. Herman and his successor, Saint Osmund , began
4221-483: Was finally canonised by Pope Callixtus III in 1457. The cathedral was consecrated on 5 April 1092 but suffered extensive damage in a storm, traditionally said to have occurred only five days later. Bishop Roger was a close ally of Henry I (reigned 1100–1135): he served as viceroy during the king's absence in Normandy and directed, along with his extended family, the royal administration and exchequer . He refurbished and expanded Old Sarum's cathedral in
4288-401: Was in Scotland. The Parliament of England met at New Sarum in the years 1324, 1328, and 1384. In 1450, a number of riots broke out in Salisbury at roughly the same time as Jack Cade led a famous rebellion through London. The riots occurred for related reasons, although the declining fortunes of Salisbury's cloth trade may also have been influential. The violence peaked with the murder of
4355-456: Was noted for its cutlery industry . Early motor cars were manufactured in the city from 1902 by Dean and Burden Brothers, using the Scout Motors brand. In 1907, the company moved to a larger factory at Churchfields; each car took six to eight weeks to build, mostly using bodies made elsewhere by coachbuilders. By 1912, 150 men were employed and the company was also making small commercial vehicles and 20-seater buses, some of which were later used by
4422-462: Was part of the now-abolished non-metropolitan county of Wiltshire. It was governed by Wiltshire County Council at the county level and Salisbury District Council, which oversaw most of south Wiltshire as well as the city. Salisbury (previously officially New Sarum) has had city status since time immemorial. The Member of Parliament for the Salisbury constituency , which includes the city, Wilton , Old Sarum, Laverstock and surrounding rural areas,
4489-556: Was passed on 2 March 1665 for making the River Avon navigable from Christchurch to the city of New Sarum. and the work completed, only for the project to be ruined shortly thereafter by a major flood. Soon after, during the Great Plague of London , Charles II held court in Salisbury's cathedral close. Salisbury was the site chosen to assemble James II 's forces to resist the Glorious Revolution . He arrived to lead his approximately 19 000 men on 19 November 1688. His troops were not keen to fight Mary or her husband William, and
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