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67-646: The creek begins in Castro Valley , and is the main tributary within the San Lorenzo Watershed, including the formerly independent Sulphur Creek , which had most of its flow diverted into San Lorenzo Creek in the 1960s to reduce the risk of flooding in downtown Hayward . Only in large flow events does some of the creek flow follow its old course into the Bay. The creek runs through the City of Hayward and

134-796: A Works Progress Administration project in 1936. Castro Valley is an unincorporated community and thus is governed directly by the County of Alameda. There is no city police force, with policing provided by the Alameda County Sheriff's Office and the California Highway Patrol . Most of the community has fire protection provided by the Alameda County Fire Department , while the Five Canyons neighborhood has fire protection provided by

201-925: A country house on the Peninsula, and was soon followed by other prominent San Francisco families—the Selbys, the Floods, the Macondrays, and later the Hopkins and the Stanfords. Atherton had chosen to liquidate all his assets in Chile and reinvested heavily into California. His real estate purchases included Valparaiso Park in San Mateo County; the land now forms much of present-day Atherton. This included 640 acres (2.6 km ) at ten dollars an acre of land on

268-417: A gambling habit and had to sell off portions of his land to pay gambling debts. The last of his holding was sold in a sheriff's sale in 1864 to Faxon Atherton for $ 400,000. Atherton (after whom the city of Atherton is named ) in turn began selling off his portion in smaller parcels. Two men named Cull (the namesake of Cull Canyon) and Luce bought some 2,400 acres (10 km ) and began running

335-479: A great fortune from his many enterprises; his shipping business and the import and export of goods. In 1848, Atherton corresponded with Thomas Larkin over the disappearance of his brother, Robert in Mazatlán the previous year. Atherton's brother was at the time working for Thomas Larkin on a Gold project in Mazatlán. A year later his brother got promoted to emigration as part of the gold rush, which Atherton had at

402-474: A highway between Valparaiso and Santiago. Instead he returned to Chile with a $ 259 rotary printing press and a supply of enamel "address cards". He established a ship chandler's store in Valparaiso, whilst at the same time trading in the hide and tallow and other merchandise. It was during this time that he met George Henry Bowen, who would become his business partner and lifelong friend. In Valparaiso he

469-466: A now destitute Castro leaving for Chile. Atherton in turn began selling off his portion in smaller parcels. Two men named Cull (the namesake of Cull Canyon) and Luce bought some 2,400 acres (10 km ) and began running a steam-operated saw mill in Redwood Canyon. The Jensen brothers also bought land from Atherton in 1867. Atherton is credited with initiating the custom of owning

536-463: A seagoing merchant from Santa Barbara , who was originally from Brunswick, Maine , who by the 1830s had become engaged in the hides and tallow trade along the Californian coastline. Thompson had married into the powerful Carrillo family. This would have opened doors for Atherton, who became acquainted with influential Californian leaders, both Mexican officials and American entrepreneurs, as well

603-622: A seven-member Municipal Advisory Council, which is an advisory body appointed to advise the Alameda County Board of Supervisors on local issues. According to the 2015–2019 American Community Survey, educational attainment for Castro Valley residents at least 25 years old is 91.5% high school graduate and 44.9% bachelor's degree. Castro Valley is primarily served by the Castro Valley Unified School District , though portions of it are served by

670-400: A steam-operated saw mill in Redwood Canyon. The Jensen brothers also bought land from Atherton in 1867. In 1866, Redwood school was built, the first public school in the area. Many Portuguese families immigrated to the surrounding canyons (especially Palomares Canyon) and farmed large amounts of land, where their descendants remain today. In the 1870s, Lake Chabot, a reservoir and popular park,

737-801: A wealthy rancher. In 1839 Atherton was described by John Sutter as an upstanding merchant from Honolulu who later moved to California (although Atherton's own diary brings his moral character into question - see "Legacy," below). Sutter enjoyed dining with Atherton during his stay in Honolulu, whilst he waited for a boat to take him to California. During 1839, Atherton left Oahu on the Don Quixote, and sailed back to New England (via Valparaíso and Cape Horn) with 540 hides valued at $ 1000. He arrived in Boston during May and sold his cargo in Boston. Whilst in Boston he tried unsuccessfully to raise $ 4,500 to build

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804-529: Is a census-designated place (CDP) in Alameda County, California , United States. At the 2010 census, it was the fifth most populous unincorporated area in California. The population was 66,441 at the 2020 census. Castro Valley is named after Guillermo Castro , a noted 19th-century Californio ranchero who owned the land where the community is located. Before the arrival of European settlers

871-403: Is more, devilish neat and clean. The large ovens for baking they have here are fine handy things. His widow was responsible for building "Atherton House" 1990, California Street, San Francisco (located on the corner with Octavia Street) in 1881. National Register #79000527. Faxon's son George had died at sea in 1887 and his body was shipped back to the house in a barrel of rum, as a result it

938-521: Is served with public transportation by bus system AC Transit , and rapid transit system BART with a station . The primary local east–west arterial road is Castro Valley Boulevard, while Lake Chabot Road, Redwood Road and Crow Canyon Road are the major north–south arterials. Historically, Castro Valley Boulevard was part of the first transcontinental highway system, the Lincoln Highway . Through BART, Castro Valley has links to all three of

1005-609: Is widely considered the commercial center of town. The Harry Rowell Rodeo Ranch is located in Castro Valley and is managed by the Hayward Area Recreation and Park District . Rodeos are held there regularly. The first public school in Castro Valley is a designated California Historical Landmark . A plaque is placed at the original site. The one-room schoolhouse was donated for "educational purposes only," by Josiah Grover Brickell in 1866. Brickell provided

1072-497: The California Historical Society and edited by the historian and former professor at UCLA, Doyce B. Nunis Jr. The publication of Atherton's California Journal has been described as a singular event in the recorded history of California. As a young man from New England, Atherton vividly recorded much of the turbulent change and innovation in the California of the 1830s. The Editor of the journal, Dr. Nunis

1139-723: The Hayward Unified School District (South of I-580 and West of Grove Way) and the San Lorenzo Unified School District (westernmost part). Overall, the Castro Valley Unified School District serves almost 9,000 students. The main high school is Castro Valley High School with over 2,700 students. Castro Valley also has Redwood High School , an alternative high school with approximately 193 students in 2005. The school district includes

1206-811: The Pacific coast . His friend, William Heath Davis came from a Boston seafaring, ship-owning family. Davis was a clerk of a store in Monterey which was owned by his uncle, Nathan Spear. Like Atherton he liked the daughters of powerful men. Davis engaged in trading trips to Yerba Buena and the Hawaiian Islands and settled permanently in San Francisco , subsequently becoming one of the city's most prominent merchants and ship owners. Davis later married María de Jesús Estudillo, daughter of Joaquin Estudillo,

1273-422: The poverty line , including 4.3% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over. The economy of Castro Valley consists largely of the provision of goods and services for local residents. Being a primarily residential community, only about 5% of the area has been developed for commercial uses. The greatest number of people (6,683) are employed by the health care and social assistance industry, followed by

1340-543: The unincorporated communities of Cherryland , Ashland and San Lorenzo and empties into San Francisco Bay. A portion of the San Francisco Bay Trail runs along the mouth of the creek. The Cull Canyon and Don Castro reservoirs, both located within regional parks , feed into the creek. The creek marks the farthest northward point of exploration by the Portolá expedition of 1769–70. Scouts camped at

1407-829: The 1850s to 1875. These included: Many of the above were subject to court claims by former rancheros such as the Vallejo family. During the conversion of land, records under the Land Commission were changed and Ygnacio's small ranch grew from several thousand acres to 42,000 acres (170 km ). Owners of plots dating back to the Hispanic period, including Indians, Mexicans, and Spaniards, on land not originally owned by Pastor became squatters overnight. Atherton then sent notice to evict them. Many were settlers on improved lands were awaiting pre-emption , including George Hough Dutton and others who had believed they owned property in

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1474-647: The 1860s Atherton had settled with his family in the then-fashionable section of San Francisco, Rincon Hill . Other residents included the Latham's, Ralstons, Millses, Stanford's, Sharon's, Donohoes, Floods, O'Briens, Fairs, Selby's and Eyre's. Atherton wanted to be in the company of those who built not just the banks and railroads of the American West, but the cultural and intellectual institutions as well. Atherton focused on ensuring his daughters married into other influential families, and they did, by marrying into

1541-399: The 21,606 households 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 23.2% of households were one person and 9.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.05. The age distribution was 23.7% under

1608-471: The 22,348 households 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 54.3% were opposite-sex married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 5.2% had a male householder with no wife present. 5.0% of households were unmarried opposite-sex partnerships and 1.0% were same-sex married couples or partnerships . 21.7% of households were one person and 8.9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size

1675-474: The CDP was 58.0% White (49.5% non-Hispanic), 6.9% African American (6.6% non-Hispanic), 0.5% Native American, 21.4% Asian, 0.7% Pacific Islander, 6.1% from other races, and 6.3% from two or more races. 17.4% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. The census reported that 98.0% of the population lived in households, 0.4% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 1.5% were institutionalized. Of

1742-652: The Castro Valley Adult School. There is also a Roman Catholic school, called Our Lady of Grace (K–8), which is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oakland . Redwood Christian Schools has one elementary school (K–5) Redwood Christian Elementary. Interstate 580 , which approaches from the east, makes a turn northward at Castro Valley. Interstate 238 , which originates in Castro Valley, connects I-580 to Interstate 880 . In addition to being served by those two freeways, Castro Valley

1809-653: The Fairview Fire Protection District. Castro Valley Sanitary District provides refuse and sewer collection services for the majority of the community, with wastewater processed at the Oro Loma Wastewater Treatment Plant in San Lorenzo . Efforts to incorporate Castro Valley have been voted down by its residents at the polls in both 1956 and 2002. In lieu of a city council, Castro Valley is represented by

1876-550: The Macondray, Selby and Eyre families. Atherton had a business acquaintance with Guillermo Castro , a rancher, surveyor and a former magistrate under the Mexican administration, who had turned to selling large parcels of land in order to reduce his gambling debt. Atherton would lend him money, however took ownership of the land when Castro defaulted on his debt. Castro's final rancho was sold in 1864 to Atherton for $ 400,000, with

1943-618: The Massachusetts shoe and leather goods mills which needed raw hides from California and Chile. William Sturgis was among the most prominent at this time in the hide and tallow trade primarily focused on the California hide trade . Within two years, Atherton started his own hauling business in Boston, Massachusetts , in 1832. This was not enough for young Atherton, who also established a parcel delivery service for merchants. Atherton

2010-562: The San Francisco Bay Area's major commercial airports, though the closest by distance is Oakland International Airport . Eden Medical Center operates in Castro Valley. It is a Sutter Health facility, and provides basic emergency medical services for the area. Castro Valley Sanitary District runs wastewater treatment facilities, and was selected as California's best small wastewater system in 2002 and 2018. Faxon Atherton Faxon Dean Atherton (1815–1877)

2077-588: The San Francisco peninsula in what was then known as Fair Oaks, becoming one of the first residents of the area. He built his home, Valparaíso Park, situated approximately where the Menlo Circus Club, 190 Park Lane, Atherton has operated as a private country club since 1923. Atherton's familiarity with the grazing lands in the vicinity of Mision San Jose dated back to 1836, together with his accumulated wealth, fuelled his land purchases between

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2144-502: The United States Consul at Monterey (with whom he would later be associated with in many real estate and commercial ventures). Several governors of the Mexican era were also his friends, among them Nicolas Gutierrez , José Castro , and Mariano Chico , as were many traders such as W. E. P. Hartnell, Nathan Spear; and the latter's nephew, William Heath Davis , Jr. This was time of influx of settlers from New England into

2211-682: The United States would support any attempt at secession from Mexico. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, was signed on February 2, 1848, between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848). The treaty called for the U.S. to pay US$ 15 million to Mexico and to pay off

2278-404: The age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% 65 or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males. The median household income was $ 76,197 and the median family income was $ 91,713 as of a 2008 estimate. About 2.7% of families and 4.5% of the population were below

2345-752: The area was settled by the Chocheño (also spelled Chochenyo or Chocenyo ) subdivision of the Ohlone Native Americans . With the arrival of Europeans, they established Mission San Jose in 1797. The area Castro Valley now occupies was part of the extensive colony of New Spain in what was the province of Alta California . Castro Valley was part of the original 28,000 acre (110 km ) land grant given to Castro in 1840, called Rancho San Lorenzo . This land grant included Hayward , San Lorenzo , and Castro Valley, including Crow Canyon, Cull Canyon, and Palomares Canyons. Castro had

2412-570: The claims of American citizens against Mexico up to US$ 5 million. It gave the United States the Rio Grande as a boundary for Texas, and gave the U.S. ownership of California. Mexicans in those annexed areas had the choice of relocating to within Mexico's new boundaries or receiving American citizenship with full civil rights. This would open great opportunities for Atherton, along with the California gold rush , where Atherton would subsequently amass

2479-580: The construction of a railroad in Hayward . He served on the board of trustees of the Lick Trust from 1875. This trust had been set up initially by James Lick in 1874 but he replaced the board with Atherton, John Nightingale, Bernard D. Murphy and John H. Lick. After a period of courtship, Atherton married Dominga Rosario Goñi Prieto (1823–1890) on July 7, 1843, in Valparaíso , Chile . His wife

2546-448: The creek before turning back to join the main party on the west side of the bay. Further explorations, led by Monterey presidio commander Pedro Fages in 1770 and 1772, also used the camp before continuing to the north. From records dating to 1772, the creek was previously known to Spanish colonists as Arroyo de San Salvador de Horta, and Arroyo de la Harina. The current name for the creek, Arroyo de San Lorenzo, dates to at least 1812, and

2613-654: The east. The eastern hills of Castro Valley constitute the headwaters of the San Lorenzo Creek watershed and the origin of several creeks that flow into San Lorenzo Creek: Bolinas, Castro Valley, Chabot, Crow, Cull, Eden, Hollis, Kelly Canyon, Norris, and Palomares Creeks. At the 2010 census 61,388 people, 22,348 households, and 16,112 families resided in the CDP. The population density was 3,690.3 inhabitants per square mile (1,424.8/km ). There were 23,392 housing units at an average density of 1,382.6 units per square mile (533.8 units/km ). The racial makeup of

2680-644: The ever increasing urbanization, dams, and their effect on the area, no sign of juvenile nor mature steelhead could be found in the creek. Since steelhead in the Bay Area and California's Central Coast were listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1997, numerous organizations, and governmental agencies have cooperated on restoration projects to allow migratory fish from the Bay to reach spawning habitat in various Bay Area watersheds. Castro Valley, California Castro Valley

2747-547: The executor of his estate. Atherton gave an eyewitness account as a twenty-one year old Bostonian of his hide and tallow trading days in Mexican California. It also makes references to historic sites such as the Mission San José and Mission Santa Clara de Asís , and the settlement of Alviso and areas of San Francisco Bay . The California Diary of Faxon Dean Atherton 1836 - 1839 was published in 1964 by

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2814-829: The foremost influential Californios ; including the Vallejos, Bandinis, and De la Guerras. When Atherton traveled to Alta California with Thompson on the ship Bolivar Libertador in 1836, arriving in San Francisco, the city was in its infancy. Atherton worked for Thompson for a period of two years, initially accepting a position as a clerk for $ 50 a month. He would soon be tasked to travel the California coast, between San Francisco and San Diego, selling goods to rancheros from Thompson's home port of Santa Barbara. During this period, Atherton penned his California diary and formed friendships with many prominent Californians, including Carlos Antonio Carrillo , José Antonio Carrillo , Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo , Juan Bandini and Thomas O. Larkin ,

2881-451: The great eagerness to obtain a share of the [gold] placer. Last July gold diggers were satisfied to obtain 2 or 3 ounces of gold per day. Now they throw up spade and pickaxe if they do not find every heave or two a "junk" of gold. Up to $ 600 have been [paid] for single lumps." "Many young men, who in May 1847 had less than $ 400, are now doing well and worth $ 5,000 to $ 30,000. … People come in by

2948-657: The hide and tallow trade, Thomas Larkin had previously urged Atherton to move to California. Larkin wrote: "... [T]here is education available for your children and a dignity of living on landed estates down the San Francisco peninsula (that is) convenient and accessible ... [Y]ou and I were of that country. Our eyes were turned towards it in admiration and in my part in gratitude. My children were from there. They and yours will soon be." Whilst in Oahu, Atherton met Captain Alpheus Basil Thompson (1795–1869),

3015-532: The hundreds, where they sleep I know not … My head whirls with speculation! My hair grows grey by the excessive working of my brain and ambitions! … Every one is becoming rich!" By 1850, both Atherton and George Bowen had joined Loring & Co, Valparaíso as partners. It would take a further eight years and the failing health of Thomas Larkin for Atherton to make the decision to settle permanently with his Chilean family in California. Atherton arrived with his family from Chile in 1858. His friend Thomas Larkin, who at

3082-510: The perception of his character as moral. In fact, Atherton himself wrote of raping Indigenous girls at Mission San José during a night he spent there in 1936. "All the young girls of the Mission [sic] are kept locked up nights by themselves. They are under the charge of a man who is called an Alcalde, but I found that he knew the value of a 4 real piece and understood what he received it for. There are some pretty fair girls amongst them, and what

3149-457: The preacher is a fine looking man and his sermon is orthodox, in quality and quantity. The law we have or live under is brief and accommodating, each party concerned bringing proof that either the laws of Mexico or the U.S. are or ought to be in force. The defenders of the latter are rather split into small parties as each advocates the law of his native state as the only just and true one"......"Law, gospel and politics are beginning to be obsolete in

3216-554: The profits with his partner, Robert P. Ross. Initially, Atherton speculated in cargo in Valparaiso. He got to know Elishu Loring, a shipping agent and secured a position with Loring & Co, a ship chandlery firm. He was made responsible for the operation of vessels plying between Boston - Valparaíso, Chile and Monterey, California . After working in Chile for a year he sailed to Oahu in November 1835 to investigate business opportunities there. His friend and business associate in

3283-434: The retail trade industry with 1,073 employees and accommodation and food service with 1,044 employees. The health care and social assistance industry provided $ 1.1 billion in sales, shipments, receipts or revenue in 2012, which is the highest of all industries, and it is followed by the retail trade industry, which had a value of $ 324.1 million in sales, shipments, receipts or revenue. The median household income of residents

3350-455: The salary for the first teacher. During the day the teacher taught children and in the evening they taught farmhands. The school burned down in 1901. It was rebuilt and burned down again in 1920. A new school was built on another property. The Adobe Art Gallery is a program operated by the Hayward Area Recreation and Park District promoting the visual arts and uses the Adobe building, built as

3417-663: The time between Valparaíso, Mazatlán , and San Francisco. Between 1841 and 1846 Atherton had tried to lure Thomas Larkin into the Valparaiso lumber market. Although Atherton assured him that goods in Chile were cheaper, Larkin did not become interested in this trade, instead focusing on the Pacific Coast of Mexico . During the Mexican–American War from 1846 to 1848, Atherton's wealth increased steadily and he wrote to Thomas Larkin that he had accepted drafts for $ 300,000 from whalers that had all been honored. Atherton

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3484-512: The time dismissed. Atherton was skeptical at first witnessing gold seekers leaving Valparaíso for California. Instead he had hoped coal would be found. Thomas Larkin wrote to Atherton during 1849 on California's first boom: "JAN. 19, 1849 We yet remain in a quiet state under the combined influence of some gospel and plenty of law, the beauty of the first exemplified in many who attend church from early habits or to set an example without caring much what creed they listen to, only being aware that

3551-525: The time of his death was one of the richest individuals in San Francisco, had died of Typhoid that same year. Atherton went on to become one of the wealthiest men on the Pacific Coast, making extensive investments in California commerce and real estate. In 1853, he hired San Francisco agent Alexander B. Grogan to represent his interests in California. However it would not be until 1860 that Atherton would return to California to settle permanently. By

3618-521: The town of Jolon . Dutton bought an Inn and 100 acres on the property for $ 1,000, now called the Dutton Hotel, Stagecoach Station . He added a second adobe story, a merchandise store, saloon post office, and stagecoach stop. Atherton became prominent in banking, financial enterprises and railroad building, with projects such as the Oregon and California Railroad . He played an instrumental role in

3685-466: Was $ 108,488 in 2019, compared to a median income of $ 99,406 for all of Alameda County. The poverty rate was 6.9%, compared to 8.6% in all of Alameda County. Castro Valley is one of the sites where Joseph Eichler built some of the 10,000 or so homes he built in the Bay Area. Castro Valley has a one-screen movie theater, the Chabot Cinema. The Castro Village complex on Castro Valley Boulevard

3752-439: Was 1.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.4%. 68.8% of the population lived in owner-occupied housing units and 29.2% lived in rental housing units. At the 2000 census there were 57,292 people, 21,606 households, and 15,016 families in the CDP. The population density was 3,971.6 inhabitants per square mile (1,533.4/km ). There were 22,003 housing units at an average density of 1,525.3 units per square mile (588.9 units/km ). Of

3819-488: Was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.15. The age distribution was 23.4% under the age of 18, 7.6% aged 18 to 24, 24.5% aged 25 to 44, 31.1% aged 45 to 64, and 13.4% 65 or older. The median age was 41.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.0 males. There were 23,392 housing units, of which 22,348 were occupied, of which 69.0% were owner-occupied and 31.0% were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate

3886-408: Was a successful merchant, dealing in hides and tallow, foodstuffs, and other commodities. As such he was a desirable bachelor, and in 1843 he married into a prominent Chilean family and soon had a family. He wrote to his friend Thomas Larkin in California during August 1843 to say that he had married the previous month. Atherton's letter provides an insight for historians into the trade route in place at

3953-464: Was an American businessman, trader and landowner; initially successful in Valparaíso , Chile . He became a prominent citizen of San Mateo County, California . The town of Atherton, California is named after him. Faxon Dean Atherton was born on January 29, 1815, in Dedham, Massachusetts into an established New England family, with roots dating back to the colonial period of the United States. He

4020-654: Was an enthusiastic supporter of the Annexation of California . He had followed events from Chile and Tahiti, and was very much in favor of it being incorporated into the United States. Whilst in Tahiti, he wrote to commercial associates in 1843 saying: I hope that the U.S. will acquire California by purchase or otherwise, as it is a most beautiful country very similar to Chile. Early in 1846, Thomas Larkin had received instructions from Secretary of State James Buchanan to begin working covertly to assure all concerned that

4087-634: Was born in Chile. His daughter Florence has been confused by researchers with Florence Atherton Spalding , who was a Boston music teacher, who also married in 1886. Atherton died in Valparaiso Park on July 18, 1877. His wife died on September 20, 1890, in San Francisco, aged 67. He is buried at the Holy Cross Catholic Cemetery in Colma, San Mateo County, California. After Atherton's death, Alexander B. Grogan served as

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4154-610: Was born on August 4, 1823, into a prominent Valparaíso family. Biographers have described her as a plump, witty young woman. She spoke no English. Although Atherton was not a Catholic by birth, they were married by the Catholic Church in Valparaíso, since she was a devout Catholic. Biographers have described Atherton as a persistent womanizer, for having had a string of affairs. The couple had nine children (with seven children reaching adulthood); all but one child (Florence)

4221-430: Was built by Chinese laborers living at Camp Yema-Po. During the 1940s and 1950s, Castro Valley was known for its chicken ranches. Later it developed into a bedroom community , where workers live and commute to their jobs in the surrounding communities. Lake Chabot lies in the northwest part of Castro Valley. Directly to the west is San Leandro . Hayward is to the south. Dublin , Pleasanton , and San Ramon are to

4288-602: Was intent on making his fortune in the Pacific Coast Trade. He had accumulated sufficient capital for such an overseas enterprise. He chose South America to seek his fortune, and left Boston on the Boston Ship "Mercury" in 1833, with a motley of cargo goods valued at $ 500. It included cigars, cologne, brushes, shoes, other leather goods and German harps. Upon arrival in Valparaiso, Chile he quickly sold all his cargo to Augustus Hemenway's commission firm, sharing

4355-432: Was recorded as such in land grants from 1841 and 1842. El Camino Viejo now Mission Boulevard, passed through what is now San Lorenzo, California , crossing San Lorenzo Creek where Mission Boulevard crosses it now. San Lorenzo Creek historically supported steelhead (the anadromous form of the coastal rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus ), , and other salmonids . A 1997 paper states that, due to reasons tied to

4422-531: Was the editor of the Southern California Quarterly during the 1960s and when promoting his book in the December 1964 edition of The California Historical Society Quarterly was quoted saying: "Since Atherton begins where Richard Henry Dana leaves off, his diary is not an unworthy companion to Dana's classic. Previous authors have referred to the "gamey passages" (as on pp. 122 and 144) in his journal. Several pages are also missing and researchers have indicated they may have been removed in an attempt to preserve

4489-399: Was the son of Abner Atherton and Betsey Dean of Dedham, Massachusetts. His father was a sea captain, first married to Catherine Dean, and after her death, married her sister Betsy, who became Atherton's mother. In 1830, Atherton entered the shipping and merchant business at the age of 15 as an apprentice to his brother-in-law, merchant Charles T. Ward. It was a time of growth in trade between

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