A typeface (or font family ) is a design of letters , numbers and other symbols , to be used in printing or for electronic display. Most typefaces include variations in size (e.g., 24 point), weight (e.g., light, bold), slope (e.g., italic), width (e.g., condensed), and so on. Each of these variations of the typeface is a font .
108-496: Segoe ( / s ə ˈ ɡ oʊ / sə- GOH ) is a typeface , or family of fonts , that is best known for its use by Microsoft . The company uses Segoe in its online and printed marketing materials, including recent logos for a number of products. Additionally, the Segoe UI font sub-family is used by numerous Microsoft applications, and may be installed by applications (such as Microsoft Office and Windows Live Messenger ). It
216-430: A monospaced ( non-proportional or fixed-width ) typeface uses a single standard width for all glyphs in the font. Duospaced fonts are similar to monospaced fonts, but characters can also be two character widths instead of a single character width. Many people generally find proportional typefaces nicer-looking and easier to read, and thus they appear more commonly in professionally published printed material. For
324-403: A vector font . Bitmap fonts were more commonly used in the earlier stages of digital type, and are rarely used today. These bitmapped typefaces were first produced by Casady & Greene, Inc. and were also known as Fluent Fonts. Fluent Fonts became mostly obsolete with the creation of downloadable PostScript fonts, and these new fonts are called Fluent Laser Fonts (FLF). When an outline font
432-458: A computer file containing scalable outline letterforms ( digital font ), in one of several common formats. Some typefaces, such as Verdana , are designed primarily for use on computer screens . Digital type became the dominant form of type in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Digital fonts store the image of each character either as a bitmap in a bitmap font , or by mathematical description of lines and curves in an outline font , also called
540-405: A font family is a set of fonts within the same typeface: for example Times Roman 8, Times Roman 10, Times Roman 12 etc. In web typography (using span style="font-family: ), a 'font family' equates to a 'typeface family' or even to a very broad category such as sans-serif that encompass many typeface families. Another way to look at the distinction between font and typeface is that a font
648-488: A foundation has been under consideration for some time. SUSE as the main sponsor exerts some influence, but the project is legally independent of SUSE. openSUSE is a " do-ocracy " in which those who do the work also decide what happens. This primarily the case with desktop and application development, as the sources of the base packages have been coming from SLE since the switch to the Leap development model. To further unify
756-484: A Linux-based distribution it develops tools like the Open Build Service and YaST . Collaboration is open to everyone. The openSUSE Project develops the openSUSE Linux distribution as well as a large number of tools around building Linux distributions like the Open Build Service , KIWI , YaST , openQA, Snapper, Portus, and more. The project annually hosts free software events . The community's conference
864-457: A bracketed serif and a substantial difference in weight within the strokes. Though some argument exists as to whether Transitional fonts exist as a discrete category among serif fonts, Transitional fonts lie somewhere between Old Style and Modern style typefaces. Transitional fonts exhibit a marked increase in the variation of stroke weight and a more horizontal serif compared to Old Style. Slab serif designs have particularly large serifs, and date to
972-609: A certain package, and the ISO offers several preselected sets of packages). The initial stable release from the openSUSE Project, SUSE Linux 10.0, was available for download just before the retail release of SUSE Linux 10.0. In addition, Novell discontinued the Personal version, renaming the Professional version to simply "SUSE Linux," and repricing "SUSE Linux" to about the same as the old Personal version. In 2006, with version 10.2,
1080-432: A community-based Linux distribution called OpenSuSE goes back to a mail of 3 August 2005, in which at the same time the launch of the website opensuse.org was announced. This page was available a few days later. One day later the launch of the community project was officially announced. According to its own understanding, openSUSE is a community that propagates the use of Linux and free software wherever possible. Beside
1188-451: A complementary set of numeric digits. Numbers can be typeset in two main independent sets of ways: lining and non-lining figures , and proportional and tabular styles. Most modern typefaces set numeric digits by default as lining figures, which are the height of upper-case letters. Non-lining figures , styled to match lower-case letters, are often common in fonts intended for body text, as they are thought to be less disruptive to
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#17328025384021296-612: A comprehensive vocabulary for describing the many aspects of typefaces and typography. Some vocabulary applies only to a subset of all scripts . Serifs , for example, are a purely decorative characteristic of typefaces used for European scripts, whereas the glyphs used in Arabic or East Asian scripts have characteristics (such as stroke width) that may be similar in some respects but cannot reasonably be called serifs and may not be purely decorative. Typefaces can be divided into two main categories: serif and sans serif . Serifs comprise
1404-540: A document without changing the document's text flow are said to be "metrically identical" (or "metrically compatible"). Several typefaces have been created to be metrically compatible with widely used proprietary typefaces to allow the editing of documents set in such typefaces in digital typesetting environments where these typefaces are not available. For instance, the free and open-source Liberation fonts and Croscore fonts have been designed as metrically compatible substitutes for widely used Microsoft fonts. During
1512-453: A film strip (in the form of a film negative, with the letters as clear areas on an opaque black background). A high-intensity light source behind the film strip projected the image of each glyph through an optical system, which focused the desired letter onto the light-sensitive phototypesetting paper at a specific size and position. This photographic typesetting process permitted optical scaling , allowing designers to produce multiple sizes from
1620-439: A glyph rising above the x-height as the ascender . The distance from the baseline to the top of the ascent or a regular uppercase glyphs (cap line) is also known as the cap height. The height of the ascender can have a dramatic effect on the readability and appearance of a font. The ratio between the x-height and the ascent or cap height often serves to characterize typefaces. Typefaces that can be substituted for one another in
1728-603: A large target group for workstations and servers . Additionally, the project creates a variety of related tools, such as YaST , Open Build Service , openQA, Snapper, Portus, KIWI , and OSEM. In the past, the SUSE Linux company has focused on releasing the SUSE Linux Personal and SUSE Linux Professional box sets which included extensive printed documentation that was available for sale in retail stores. The company's ability to sell an open-source product
1836-596: A main typeface have been in use for centuries. In some formats they have been marketed as separate fonts. In the early 1990s, the Adobe Systems type group introduced the idea of expert set fonts, which had a standardized set of additional glyphs, including small caps , old style figures , and additional superior letters, fractions and ligatures not found in the main fonts for the typeface. Supplemental fonts have also included alternate letters such as swashes , dingbats , and alternate character sets, complementing
1944-678: A monospaced font for proper viewing, with the exception of Shift JIS art which takes advantage of the proportional characters in the MS PGothic font. In a web page , the <tt> </tt> , <code> </code> or <pre> </pre> HTML tags most commonly specify monospaced fonts. In LaTeX , the verbatim environment or the Teletype font family (e.g., \texttt{...} or {\ttfamily ...} ) uses monospaced fonts (in TeX , use {\tt ...} ). Any two lines of text with
2052-543: A package. This means that only the changes between the installed package and the new one, are downloaded. This reduces bandwidth consumption and update time, which is especially important on slow Internet connections. SUSE was a leading contributor to the KDE project for many years. SUSE's contributions in this area have been very wide-ranging, and affecting many parts of KDE such as kdelibs and KDEBase , Kontact , and kdenetwork. Other notable projects include: KNetworkManager –
2160-555: A range of architectures e.g. using VirtualBox, VMWare, or Hyper-V. openSUSE Leap currently supports: aarch64, ppc64le, s390x, x86_64. SUSE includes an installation and administration program called YaST ("Yet another Setup Tool") which handles hard disk partitioning, system setup, RPM package management, online updates, network, and firewall configuration, user administration and more in an integrated interface. By 2010, many more YaST modules were added, including one for Bluetooth support. It also controls all software applications. SaX2
2268-406: A result of revival, such as Linotype Syntax , Linotype Univers ; while others have alternate styling designed as compatible replacements of each other, such as Compatil , Generis . Font superfamilies began to emerge when foundries began to include typefaces with significant structural differences, but some design relationship, under the same general family name. Arguably the first superfamily
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#17328025384022376-433: A single font, although physical constraints on the reproduction system used still required design changes at different sizes; for example, ink traps and spikes to allow for spread of ink encountered in the printing stage. Manually operated photocomposition systems using fonts on filmstrips allowed fine kerning between letters without the physical effort of manual typesetting, and spawned an enlarged type design industry in
2484-631: A single size. For example, 8-point Caslon Italic was one font, and 10-point Caslon Italic was another. Historically, a font came from a type foundry as a set of " sorts ", with number of copies of each character included. As the range of typeface designs increased and requirements of publishers broadened over the centuries, fonts of specific weight (blackness or lightness) and stylistic variants (most commonly regular or roman as distinct from italic , as well as condensed ) have led to font families , collections of closely related typeface designs that can include hundreds of styles. A typeface family
2592-444: A specific size is known as optical sizing . Others will be offered in only one style, but optimised for a specific size. Optical sizes are particularly common for serif fonts, since the fine detail of serif fonts can need to be bulked up for smaller sizes. Typefaces may also be designed differently considering the type of paper on which they will be printed. Designs to be printed on absorbent newsprint paper will be more slender as
2700-399: A stable release distribution which is sourced from SUSE Linux Enterprise . The openSUSE project is sponsored by SUSE of Germany; the company released the first version as SUSE Linux in 1994. Its development was opened up to the community in 2005, which marked the creation of openSUSE. The focus of the developers is on creating a stable and user-friendly RPM -based operating system with
2808-488: A standard feature of so-called monospaced fonts , used in programming and on typewriters. However, many fonts that are not monospaced use tabular figures. More complex font designs may include two or more combinations with one as the default and others as alternate characters. Of the four possibilities, non-lining tabular figures are particularly rare since there is no common use for them. Fonts intended for professional use in documents such as business reports may also make
2916-422: A typeface. Typefaces with serifs are often considered easier to read in long passages than those without. Studies on the matter are ambiguous, suggesting that most of this effect is due to the greater familiarity of serif typefaces. As a general rule, printed works such as newspapers and books almost always use serif typefaces, at least for the text body. Websites do not have to specify a font and can simply respect
3024-540: A web interface version of YaST. It can configure settings and updates of the openSUSE machine it is running on. It can also shut down and check the status of the host. ZYpp (or libzypp) is a Linux software management engine. ZYpp is the backend for zypper, the default command line package management tool for openSUSE. The Open Build Service provides software developers with a tool to compile, release and publish their software for many distributions, including Mandriva , Ubuntu , Fedora and Debian . It typically simplifies
3132-597: Is 60,000, half of whom frequently perform updates . Thus, the number of Tumbleweed installations had doubled in the last year. Other findings from the statistics are that most installations are done via DVD images. The dominant architecture is x64 . The geographical distribution of users has hardly changed according to these figures. One-third of users are from Germany, 12% are found in the US, 5% in Russia, and 3% in Brazil. For
3240-523: Is advertised as "the perfect Container-Host." MicroOS Desktop was the focus for the 2021 Hackweek . On 31 May 2023, openSUSE announced name changes: the GNOME version of MicroOS is now called Aeon, and the Plasma version is called Kalpa. The Factory project is the rolling development code base for openSUSE Tumbleweed , Factory is mainly used as an internal term for openSUSE's distribution developers, and
3348-588: Is also one of Microsoft's recommended fonts for UWP apps . The Latin glyphs from Segoe and Segoe UI can also be found in the following Microsoft font families: Malgun Gothic ( Korean ), Microsoft JhengHei ( Traditional Chinese ), Microsoft YaHei ( Simplified Chinese ), Gisha ( Hebrew ), Leelawadee ( Thai ). They are also found in Ebrima ( N'Ko , Tifinagh , Vai ), Khmer UI ( Khmer ), Lao UI ( Lao ), Microsoft New Tai Lue ( Tai Lue ), Microsoft PhagsPa ( Phags-pa ), Microsoft Tai Le ( Tai Le ). In these fonts, some of
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3456-530: Is an immutable operating system that hosts container workloads, and the Kubernetes certified distribution Kubic, which is a multi-purpose standalone and Kubernetes container operating system based on openSUSE MicroOS. The project is sponsored by a number of companies and individuals, most notably SUSE , AMD , B1 Systems, Heinlein Support, and TUXEDO Computers. The first indication that there should be
3564-402: Is an openSUSE Board which is responsible to lead the overall project. The openSUSE Board provides guidance and supports existing governance structures but does not direct or control development, since community mechanisms exist to accomplish the goals of the project. The board documents decisions and policies. The project is self-organized without a legal structure, although the establishment of
3672-543: Is called type design . Designers of typefaces are called type designers and are often employed by type foundries . In desktop publishing , type designers are sometimes also called "font developers" or "font designers" (a typographer is someone who uses typefaces to design a page layout). Every typeface is a collection of glyphs , each of which represents an individual letter, number, punctuation mark, or other symbol. The same glyph may be used for characters from different writing systems , e.g. Roman uppercase A looks
3780-535: Is held at a location in Europe and a summit is held at a location in Asia. The project is controlled by its community and relies on the contributions of individuals, working as testers, writers, translators, usability experts, artists, and developers. The project embraces a wide variety of technology, people with different levels of expertise, speaking different languages, and having different cultural backgrounds. There
3888-457: Is no longer valid, as a single font may be scaled to any size. The first "extended" font families, which included a wide range of widths and weights in the same general style emerged in the early 1900s, starting with ATF 's Cheltenham (1902–1913), with an initial design by Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, and many additional faces designed by Morris Fuller Benton . Later examples include Futura , Lucida , ITC Officina . Some became superfamilies as
3996-496: Is of German origin, its name being an acronym of "Software und System-Entwicklung" (software and systems development), and it was mainly developed in Europe. The first version appeared in early 1994, making SUSE one of the oldest existing commercial distributions. It is known for its YaST configuration tool. Since the acquisition by Novell in 2003 and with the advent of openSUSE, this has been reversed: starting with version 9.2, an unsupported one-DVD ISO image of SUSE Professional
4104-495: Is optimized for its default ClearType rendering environment, and it is significantly less legible when ClearType is disabled, except at key user interface sizes (8, 9 and 10 point) where Segoe UI has been hinted for bi-level rendering. The standard font size increased to 9 point to accommodate for better layout and readability for all languages. Version 5.00 of Segoe UI contains complete Unicode 4.1 coverage for Latin, Greek, Cyrillic and Arabic (Romans only), totaling 2843 glyphs in
4212-414: Is preferred by openSUSE users as a desktop system. In the old development model, with each new openSUSE release (13.0, 13.1,...) a new rolling release was set-up, which always received new packages. When the new release was at the doorstep, and Tumbleweed was reset to that release, most packages were newer than the ones in the release, which led to problems. With the switch to Leap, the development model
4320-441: Is self-contained and transactional; it updates itself in an all-or-nothing approach (transactional) and rolls back to its previous stage in case something goes wrong. It runs from a read-only file system, preventing accidental changes and malware attacks. The transactional update does not affect the running system. All software available for Tumbleweed is also available for MicroOS. As it comes with podman Container-Runtime, MicroOS
4428-471: Is still used by TeX and its variants. Applications using these font formats, including the rasterizers, appear in Microsoft and Apple Computer operating systems , Adobe Systems products and those of several other companies. Digital fonts are created with font editors such as FontForge , RoboFont, Glyphs, Fontlab 's TypeTool, FontLab Studio, Fontographer, or AsiaFont Studio. Typographers have developed
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4536-415: Is the basis for MicroOS and Kubic. Leap is a classic stable distribution approach: one release each year, and in between, security updates and bug fixes. This makes Leap very attractive as a server operating system, as well as a desktop operating system, since it requires little maintenance effort. For the version released in the fall of 2015, the development team settled on the name openSUSE Leap with
4644-419: Is the name of the class of typefaces used with the earliest printing presses in Europe, which imitated the calligraphy style of that time and place. Various forms exist including textualis , rotunda , schwabacher and fraktur . (Some people refer to Blackletter as " gothic script " or "gothic font", though the term "Gothic" in typography refers to sans serif typefaces. ) Gaelic fonts were first used for
4752-463: Is the vessel (e.g. the software) that allows you to use a set of characters with a given appearance, whereas a typeface is the actual design of such characters. Therefore, a given typeface, such as Times, may be rendered by different fonts, such as computer font files created by this or that vendor, a set of metal type characters etc. In the metal type era, a font also meant a specific point size, but with digital scalable outline fonts this distinction
4860-457: Is typically a group of related typefaces which vary only in weight, orientation, width , etc., but not design. For example, Times is a typeface family, whereas Times Roman, Times Italic and Times Bold are individual typefaces making up the Times family. Typeface families typically include several typefaces, though some, such as Helvetica , may consist of dozens of fonts. In traditional typography,
4968-410: Is used, a rasterizing routine (in the application software, operating system or printer) renders the character outlines, interpreting the vector instructions to decide which pixels should be black and which ones white. Rasterization is straightforward at high resolutions such as those used by laser printers and in high-end publishing systems. For computer screens , where each individual pixel can mean
5076-538: The European Union trademark and design office. The German font foundry Linotype protested, citing Segoe UI's similarity to its licensed Frutiger family of typefaces. In its submission to the EU, Microsoft claimed that Linotype had failed to prove that it had been selling Frutiger and Frutiger Next prior to 2004. The EU rejected these claims, and the EU revoked Microsoft's registration. Microsoft did not appeal
5184-510: The Irish language in 1571, and were used regularly for Irish until the early 1960s, though they continue to be used in display type and type for signage. Their use was effectively confined to Ireland, though Gaelic typefaces were designed and produced in France, Belgium, and Italy. Gaelic typefaces make use of insular letterforms, and early fonts made use of a variety of abbreviations deriving from
5292-572: The OS X user interface font Lucida Grande by its rounder letters. Segoe UI was produced by Monotype Imaging. Segoe UI was first introduced with Windows Vista . Light, Semibold and Symbol versions of Segoe UI were introduced with Windows 7 . A Semilight version of Segoe UI was introduced with Windows 8 in order to make a perfect lightweight down to 11 pixels. Black and Emoji versions of Segoe UI were introduced with Windows 8.1 , but only for Latin, Greek and Cyrillic scripts. An Historic version of Segoe UI
5400-565: The Open Build Service , openQA, writing documentation, designing artwork, fostering discussions on open mailing lists and in Internet Relay Chat channels, and improving the openSUSE site through its wiki interface. The openSUSE Project develops free software and tools and has two main Linux distributions named openSUSE Leap and openSUSE Tumbleweed. The project has several distributions for specific purposes like MicroOS, which
5508-506: The SUSE Linux distribution was officially renamed to openSUSE, as it is pronounced similarly to " open source ". Until version 13.2, stable fixed releases with separate maintenance streams from SLE were the project's main offering. Since late 2015, openSUSE has been split into two main offerings, Leap, the more conservative fixed release Leap distribution based on SLE, and Tumbleweed, the rolling release distribution focused on integrating
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#17328025384025616-472: The cap-height , the height of the capital letters. Font size is also commonly measured in millimeters (mm) and q s (a quarter of a millimeter, kyu in romanized Japanese) and inches. Type foundries have cast fonts in lead alloys from the 1450s until the present, although wood served as the material for some large fonts called wood type during the 19th century, particularly in the United States . In
5724-579: The 1890s, the mechanization of typesetting allowed automated casting of fonts on the fly as lines of type in the size and length needed. This was known as continuous casting, and remained profitable and widespread until its demise in the 1970s. The first machine of this type was the Linotype machine , invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler . During a brief transitional period ( c. 1950s –1990s), photographic technology, known as phototypesetting , utilized tiny high-resolution images of individual glyphs on
5832-521: The 1960s and 1970s. By the mid-1970s, all of the major typeface technologies and all their fonts were in use: letterpress; continuous casting machines; phototypositors; computer-controlled phototypesetters; and the earliest digital typesetters – bulky machines with primitive processors and CRT outputs. From the mid-1980s, as digital typography has grown, users have almost universally adopted the American spelling font , which has come to primarily refer to
5940-558: The Segoe branding fonts along with PowerPoint templates and marketing material. Windows Phones also include a more customized version called Segoe WP N which is designed with more clarity and narrow to enhance their take on ClearType. Microsoft released Selawik as a metric-compatible Segoe UI replacement, and Symbols as a Segoe UI Symbols and Segoe MDL2 Assets fall-back, under SIL OFL . These fonts are used in WinJS and Winstrap . Selawik
6048-421: The Segoe family of fonts are not metrically compatible with Frutiger so cannot be used as replacements. Under United States copyright law, the abstract letter shapes of functional text fonts cannot be copyrighted; only the computer programming code in a font is given copyright protection. This makes the production and distribution of clone fonts possible. An early version of Segoe, possibly an evaluation version,
6156-444: The base, the 'Closing-the-Leap-Gap' project has been started, where openSUSE Leap 15.3 will be completely based on SLE's binary packages. There are three main organizational units: Tumbleweed is the flagship of the openSUSE Project. Instead of classical version numbers and periodic updates, a rolling release system is used: updates happen continuously; previous states of the operating system are saved as "snapshots". Tumbleweed
6264-455: The baseline and the top of the glyph that reaches farthest from the baseline. The ascent and descent may or may not include distance added by accents or diacritical marks. In the Latin , Greek and Cyrillic (sometimes collectively referred to as LGC) scripts, one can refer to the distance from the baseline to the top of regular lowercase glyphs ( mean line ) as the x-height , and the part of
6372-449: The bold-style tabular figures take up the same width as the regular (non-bold) numbers, so a bold-style total would appear just as wide as the same sum in regular style. Because an abundance of typefaces has been created over the centuries, they are commonly categorized according to their appearance. At the highest level (in the context of Latin-script fonts), one can differentiate Roman, Blackletter, and Gaelic types. Roman types are in
6480-399: The browser settings of the user. But of those web sites that do specify a font, most use modern sans serif fonts, because it is commonly believed that, in contrast to the case for printed material, sans serif fonts are easier than serif fonts to read on the low-resolution computer screen. A proportional typeface, also called variable-width typeface, contains glyphs of varying widths, while
6588-468: The characters i, t, l, and 1) use less space than the average. In the publishing industry, it was once the case that editors read manuscripts in monospaced fonts (typically Courier ) for ease of editing and word count estimates, and it was considered discourteous to submit a manuscript in a proportional font. This has become less universal in recent years, such that authors need to check with editors as to their preference, though monospaced fonts are still
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#17328025384026696-610: The characters which were missing on either Macintosh or Windows computers, e.g. fractions, ligatures or some accented glyphs. The goal was to deliver the whole character set to the customer regardless of which operating system was used. The size of typefaces and fonts is traditionally measured in points ; point has been defined differently at different times, but now the most popular is the Desktop Publishing point of 1 ⁄ 72 in (0.0139 in or 0.35 mm). When specified in typographic sizes (points, kyus),
6804-535: The decision. Microsoft still holds United States design patents for various Segoe-based fonts. During the same period, in late 2004, after six years under the Agfa Corporation, TA Associates acquired the Monotype assets and incorporated the company as Monotype Imaging . Later, Monotype Imaging acquired Linotype. By the end of 2006, the company that had challenged Microsoft's Segoe patents (Linotype)
6912-582: The deviating version number 42.1. As in the openSUSE version 4.2 from May 1996, which was called S.u.S.E. Linux at the time, the number 42 refers to the question about "life, the universe and everything" in the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy book series. After that, the basis packages are received from the SUSE Linux Enterprise , while applications and desktops come from Tumbleweed. At
7020-524: The difference between legible and illegible characters, some digital fonts use hinting algorithms to make readable bitmaps at small sizes. Digital fonts may also contain data representing the metrics used for composition, including kerning pairs, component creation data for accented characters, glyph substitution rules for Arabic typography and for connecting script faces, and for simple everyday ligatures like "fl". Common font formats include TrueType , OpenType and PostScript Type 1 , while Metafont
7128-489: The early nineteenth century. The earliest known slab serif font was first shown around 1817 by the English typefounder Vincent Figgins . Roman , italic , and oblique are also terms used to differentiate between upright and two possible slanted forms of a typeface. Italic and oblique fonts are similar (indeed, oblique fonts are often simply called italics) but there is strictly a difference: italic applies to fonts where
7236-537: The features at the ends of their strokes. Times New Roman and Garamond are common examples of serif typefaces. Serif fonts are probably the most used class in printed materials, including most books, newspapers and magazines. Serif fonts are often classified into three subcategories: Old Style , Transitional , and Didone (or Modern), representative examples of which are Garamond , Baskerville , and Bodoni respectively. Old Style typefaces are influenced by early Italian lettering design. Modern fonts often exhibit
7344-531: The glyph shapes diverge significantly from Segoe UI and Frutiger and are in some ways more calligraphic. In Gisha and Leelawadee, the capital ‘M’ is narrower and has a raised apex, the lowercase ‘i’ and ‘l’ have tails, and the capital ‘I’ has no serifs. These characteristics are also seen in Segoe UI italic. Typeface There are thousands of different typefaces in existence, with new ones being developed constantly. The art and craft of designing typefaces
7452-596: The glyphs found in brush calligraphy during the Tang dynasty. These later evolved into the Song style (宋体字) which used thick vertical strokes and thin horizontal strokes in wood block printing. SUSE Linux Also available at install: openSUSE ( / ˌ oʊ p ən ˈ s uː z ə / ) is a free and open-source Linux distribution developed by the openSUSE project. It is offered in two main variations: Tumbleweed , an upstream rolling release distribution, and Leap ,
7560-574: The height of an em-square , an invisible box which is typically a bit larger than the distance from the tallest ascender to the lowest descender , is scaled to equal the specified size. For example, when setting Helvetica at 12 point, the em square defined in the Helvetica font is scaled to 12 points or 1 ⁄ 6 in or 4.2 mm. Yet no particular element of 12-point Helvetica need measure exactly 12 points. Frequently measurement in non-typographic units (feet, inches, meters) will be of
7668-427: The ink will naturally spread out as it absorbs into the paper, and may feature ink traps : areas left blank into which the ink will soak as it dries. These corrections will not be needed for printing on high-gloss cardboard or display on-screen. Fonts designed for low-resolution displays, meanwhile, may avoid pure circles, fine lines and details a screen cannot render. Most typefaces, especially modern designs, include
7776-598: The latest stable packages from upstream projects. Over the years, SUSE Linux has gone from a status of a distribution with restrictive, delayed publications (2 months of waiting for those who had not bought the box, without ISOs available, but installation available via FTP) and a closed development model to a free distribution model with immediate and free availability for all and transparent and open development. On 27 April 2011, Attachmate completed its acquisition of Novell. Attachmate split Novell into two autonomous business units, Novell and SUSE. Attachmate made no changes to
7884-403: The letter forms are redesigned, not just slanted. Almost all serif faces have italic forms; some sans-serif faces have oblique designs. (Most faces do not offer both as this is an artistic choice by the font designer about how the slanted form should look.) Sans serif (lit. without serif) designs appeared relatively recently in the history of type design. The first, similar to slab serif designs,
7992-433: The manuscript tradition. Various forms exist, including manuscript, traditional, and modern styles, chiefly distinguished as having angular or uncial features. Monospaced fonts are typefaces in which every glyph is the same width (as opposed to variable-width fonts, where the w and m are wider than most letters, and the i is narrower). The first monospaced typefaces were designed for typewriters, which could only move
8100-400: The metal type era, all type was cut in metal and could only be printed at a specific size. It was a natural process to vary a design at different sizes, making it chunkier and clearer to read at smaller sizes. Many digital typefaces are offered with a range of fonts (or a variable font axis) for different sizes, especially designs sold for professional design use. The art of designing fonts for
8208-754: The most widespread use today, and are sub-classified as serif, sans serif, ornamental, and script types. Historically, the first European fonts were blackletter, followed by Roman serif, then sans serif and then the other types. The use of Gaelic faces was restricted to the Irish language, though these form a unique if minority class. Typefaces may be monospaced regardless of whether they are Roman, Blackletter, or Gaelic. Symbol typefaces are non-alphabetic. The Cyrillic script comes in two varieties, Roman-appearance type (called гражданский шрифт graždanskij šrift ) and traditional Slavonic type (called славянский шрифт slavjanskij šrift ). Serif, or Roman , typefaces are named for
8316-410: The norm. Most scripts share the notion of a baseline : an imaginary horizontal line on which characters rest. In some scripts, parts of glyphs lie below the baseline. The descent spans the distance between the baseline and the lowest descending glyph in a typeface, and the part of a glyph that descends below the baseline has the name descender . Conversely, the ascent spans the distance between
8424-494: The numbers to blend into the text more effectively. As tabular spacing makes all numbers with the same number of digits the same width, it is used for typesetting documents such as price lists, stock listings and sums in mathematics textbooks, all of which require columns of numeric figures to line up on top of each other for easier comparison. Tabular spacing is also a common feature of simple printing devices such as cash registers and date-stamps. Characters of uniform width are
8532-452: The openSUSE Leap 15.3 release, the repository for openSUSE Leap and SUSE Linux Enterprise (SLE) was merged and now contains the same source code and binary packages. SLE 15 will be supported until 31 July 2028. MicroOS is an immutable, minimalistic, self-maintained and transactional system, which is primarily, but not exclusively, intended for use in edge computing or as container runtime . Some even use it as desktop system. The system
8640-499: The openSUSE Project and closed on 15 March 2019. The openSUSE Project is a community project to create, promote, improve, and document the openSUSE Linux distribution . The openSUSE Project community, sponsored by SUSE and others, develops and maintains various distributions based on Linux . Beyond the distributions and tools, the openSUSE Project provides a web portal for community involvement. The community develops openSUSE collaboratively with its corporate sponsors through
8748-472: The openSUSE conference held in Nuremberg in 2016, statistics were announced that since the conceptual reorientation with openSUSE Leap 42.1, increasing user numbers had been recorded. According to this, the number of downloads is 400,000 DVD-images per month with an increasing tendency. Each month, 1,600 installations would be added, and 500,000 packages would be installed. The number of Tumbleweed users
8856-460: The packaging process, so developers can more easily package a single program for many distributions, and many openSUSE releases, making more packages available to users regardless of what distribution version they use. It is published under the GNU GPLv2+ . By default, openSUSE uses Delta RPMs when updating an installation. A Delta RPM contains the difference between an old and a new version of
8964-427: The regular fonts under the same family. However, with introduction of font formats such as OpenType , those supplemental glyphs were merged into the main fonts, relying on specific software capabilities to access the alternate glyphs. Since Apple's and Microsoft's operating systems supported different character sets in the platform related fonts, some foundries used expert fonts in a different way. These fonts included
9072-421: The regular weight. Segoe UI uses distinct cursive italic script , whereas Frutiger and Helvetica use oblique type for italics. Other members of the Segoe family include: At one time, Microsoft also posted a package called Print Ad for Microsoft Dynamics Business Management Solutions Brief Description to the Microsoft downloads center. The package included TrueType and PostScript Type 1 beta versions of
9180-470: The relationship between SUSE (formerly Novell) and the openSUSE project. After the 2014 merger of the Attachmate Group with Micro Focus, SUSE reaffirmed its commitment to openSUSE. EQT AB announced their intent to acquire SUSE on 2 July 2018. There are no expected changes in the relationship between SUSE and openSUSE. This acquisition is the third acquisition of SUSE Linux since the founding of
9288-422: The repository is synced to the download mirrors and published as openSUSE Tumbleweed, That usually happens several times a week. openSUSE currently (2024) supports installation via ISO and/or over a network from repositories for a wide range of hardware and virtualization platforms. This includes AArch64 (custom version for Raspberry Pi is available), Arm8 , POWER8 (ppc64le) , IBM zSystems (s390x) ,
9396-510: The same as Cyrillic uppercase А and Greek uppercase alpha (Α). There are typefaces tailored for special applications, such as cartography , astrology or mathematics . In professional typography , the term typeface is not interchangeable with the word font (originally "fount" in British English, and pronounced "font"), because the term font has historically been defined as a given alphabet and its associated characters in
9504-806: The same distance forward with each letter typed. Their use continued with early computers, which could only display a single font. Although modern computers can display any desired typeface, monospaced fonts are still important for computer programming , terminal emulation, and for laying out tabulated data in plain text documents; they may also be particularly legible at small sizes due to all characters being quite wide. Examples of monospaced typefaces are Courier , Prestige Elite , Fixedsys , and Monaco . Most monospaced fonts are sans-serif or slab-serif as these designs are easiest to read printed small or display on low-resolution screens, though many exceptions exist. CJK, or Chinese, Japanese and Korean typefaces consist of large sets of glyphs. These typefaces originate in
9612-399: The same number of characters in each line in a monospaced typeface should display as equal in width, while the same two lines in a proportional typeface may have radically different widths. This occurs because in a proportional font, glyph widths vary, such that wider glyphs (typically those for characters such as W, Q, Z, M, D, O, H, and U) use more space, and narrower glyphs (such as those for
9720-575: The same reason, GUI computer applications (such as word processors and web browsers ) typically use proportional fonts. However, many proportional fonts contain fixed-width ( tabular ) numerals so that columns of numbers stay aligned. Monospaced typefaces function better for some purposes because their glyphs line up in neat, regular columns. No glyph is given any more weight than another. Most manually operated typewriters use monospaced fonts. So do text-only computer displays and third- and fourth-generation game console graphics processors, which treat
9828-517: The screen as a uniform grid of character cells. Most computer programs which have a text-based interface ( terminal emulators , for example) use only monospaced fonts (or add additional spacing to proportional fonts to fit them in monospaced cells) in their configuration. Monospaced fonts are commonly used by computer programmers for displaying and editing source code so that certain characters (for example parentheses used to group arithmetic expressions) are easy to see. ASCII art usually requires
9936-551: The small features at the end of strokes within letters. The printing industry refers to typeface without serifs as sans serif (from French sans , meaning without ), or as grotesque (or, in German , grotesk ). Great variety exists among both serif and sans serif typefaces. Both groups contain faces designed for setting large amounts of body text, and others intended primarily as decorative. The presence or absence of serifs represents only one of many factors to consider when choosing
10044-411: The style of running text. They are also called lower-case numbers or text figures for the same reason. The horizontal spacing of digits can also be proportional , with a character width tightly matching the width of the figure itself, or tabular , where all digits have the same width. Proportional spacing places the digits closely together, reducing empty space in a document, and is thought to allow
10152-467: The target project for all contributions to openSUSE's main code base. There is a constant flow of packages going into the Factory. There is no freeze; therefore, the Factory repository is not guaranteed to be fully stable and is not intended to be used by humans. The core system packages receive automated testing via openQA . When automated testing is completed and the repository is in a consistent state,
10260-537: The typeface FF Scala ) removed Segoe from its InfoChannel product "due to licensing issues". Scala replaced Segoe with Bitstream Vera fonts. Simon Daniels, a program manager in Microsoft's typography group, stated that "The original Segoe fonts were not created for or by Microsoft. It was an existing Monotype design which we licensed and extensively extended and customized to meet the requirements of different processes, apps and devices." A Microsoft public relations spokesperson, who asked not to be named, stated: Segoe
10368-453: The ubiquitous Intel 64 (x86-64) , i586 , and i686 . Arm8 (including earlier Raspberry Pi models), i586 , and i686 are available in 32-bit version only. Specialized releases for use in containers and virtualized environments are available for onie , Microsoft Hyper-V , kvm , xen , Digital Ocean Cloud, Container Host with VMware , Vagrant , and VirtualBox . It can also be installed in conventional virtualization environments with
10476-528: Was a subsidiary of the company that had originally licensed Segoe to Microsoft (Monotype). Several letters have distinctly different forms in Segoe UI and Frutiger, reflecting Segoe UI's different intended use: low-resolution screen display, rather than airport signage (Frutiger). However, Ulrich Stiehl asserts that many of these differences were introduced in later versions of Segoe UI – earlier versions of Segoe UI were closer to Frutiger. In June 2005, Scala , an electronic signage company (unrelated to
10584-406: Was adopted as Microsoft's default operating system font, and is also used on Outlook.com , Microsoft's web-based email service. On August 23, 2012, Microsoft unveiled its new corporate logo typeset in Segoe, replacing the logo it had used for the previous 25 years. The Segoe name is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation, although the typeface was originally developed by Monotype . Segoe
10692-708: Was an original design developed by Agfa Monotype (now Monotype Imaging) in 2000. In 2003, we acquired the original Segoe fonts and used them to develop an extended family of fonts retaining the Segoe name. Many of these new fonts received design patent protection in the United States. Segoe was not derived from Frutiger. Microsoft also has a current up-to-date license that allows us to distribute certain Frutiger fonts in connection with Microsoft products, including Office and Windows. There are distinct differences between Segoe and Frutiger. Additionally, unlike clone typefaces,
10800-523: Was changed completely: according to the Factory First policy all software packages had to be sent to Factory in the first place before they could be included in a distribution. Out of Factory a daily snapshot is taken and tested in openQA . A successful test is released as the next Tumbleweed snapshot. Unlike other rolling release distributions, Tumbleweed is a tested rolling release , which increases stability dramatically. Technically Tumbleweed
10908-640: Was created when Morris Fuller Benton created Clearface Gothic for ATF in 1910, a sans serif companion to the existing (serifed) Clearface. The superfamily label does not include quite different designs given the same family name for what would seem to be purely marketing, rather than design, considerations: Caslon Antique , Futura Black and Futura Display are structurally unrelated to the Caslon and Futura families, respectively, and are generally not considered part of those families by typographers, despite their names. Additional or supplemental glyphs intended to match
11016-476: Was designed by Steve Matteson during his employment at Agfa Monotype . Licensed to Microsoft for use as a branding typeface replacing Franklin Gothic and its user interface font replacing Tahoma , it was designed to be user-friendly and legible. Matteson created a range of weights and italics with a humanist feel. In 2004, Microsoft registered certain Segoe and Segoe Italic fonts as original font designs with
11124-414: Was included with certain versions of SuSE Linux , but no longer ships as part of that operating system. Segoe UI ("User Interface") is a member of the Segoe family used in Microsoft products for user interface text, as well as for some online user assistance material, intended to improve the consistency in how users see all text across all languages. It is distinguishable from its predecessor Tahoma and
11232-509: Was introduced with Windows 10 . A Variable version of Segoe UI was introduced with Windows 11 . I remember the team creating a special ligature in the Segoe UI font (used in Windows) to make "S" and "t" align beautifully for the word "Start". says Jensen Harris, former Director of User Experience at Microsoft. In October 2011, Segoe UI underwent a number of changes and stylistic additions that remain present in subsequent versions: Segoe UI
11340-589: Was largely due to the closed-source development process used. Although SUSE Linux had always been a free software product licensed with the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), it was only freely possible to retrieve the source code of the next release 2 months after it was ready for purchase. SUSE Linux' strategy was to create a technically superior Linux distribution with a large number of employed engineers, that would make users willing to pay for their distribution in retail stores. SUSE Linux
11448-434: Was made available for download. The FTP server continues to operate and has the advantage of "streamlined" installs, allowing the user to download only the packages the user feels they need. The ISO has the advantages of an easy install package, the ability to operate even if the user's network card does not work "out of the box", and less experience needed (i.e., an inexperienced Linux user may not know whether or not to install
11556-400: Was once integrated into YaST to change monitor settings, however, with openSUSE 11.3 SaX2 has been removed. The GTK user interface was removed starting with Leap 42.1, however, the ncurses and Qt interfaces remain. AutoYaST is part of YaST2 and is used for automatic installation. The configuration is stored in an XML file and the installation happens without user interaction. WebYaST is
11664-460: Was shown in 1816 by William Caslon IV. Many have minimal variation in stroke width, creating the impression of a minimal, simplified design. When first introduced, the faces were disparaged as "grotesque" (or "grotesk") and "gothic": but by the late nineteenth century were commonly used for san-serif without negative implication. The major sub-classes of Sans-serif are " Grotesque ", " Neo-grotesque ", " Geometric " and " Humanist ". "Blackletter"
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