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21-592: South Shuna is the location of the cultural heritage site known as Shunet Nimrin / Shunat Nimrin . The Tell Nimrin archaeological site is within South Shuna. There is a Monument to the Unknown Soldier  [ ar ] to commemorate the victory at the Battle of Karameh . Shunah means "barn", janub is Arabic for "south", and al-janubiyah means "southern". Therefore, Ash-Shunah al-Janubiyah

42-582: A punishment. Scholars chronologically interpret the listing of the five prophets, so Shuʿayb was a descendant of Noah (preached about the Great Flood ) and Abraham. One claimed tomb of Shuayb is found in Jordan , 2 km (1.2 mi) west of the town of Mahis , in an area called Wādī Shuʿayb ( Arabic : وَادِي شُـعَـيْـب ). The Galilean Shrine of Shu'ayb : the Druze believe the tomb of Nabi Shu'ayb

63-538: A sustained period of time, the majority of the people refused to listen to him. Shuayb, however, remained steadfast. He consistently preached powerfully against the wicked, telling them of the punishment that had befallen the sinful before them. Shuʿayb warned the people that their ignorance would lead to the destruction of Midian, giving historical examples of earlier prophets, including Noah , Hud , Saleh and Lot , all of whose people had been destroyed by God. The people taunted Shuʿayb and told him that, were it not for

84-634: Is a stream that flows into the Dead Sea at its southern end. The city was located in the Jordan Valley , approximately 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) north of the Dead Sea and 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) east of Jericho . Wadi Nimrin , on whose south (left) bank all the three sites identified by Glueck with Beth Nimra are located, marks the northern limit of the Plains of Moab . The ancient city

105-673: Is frequently referred to in the Hebrew Bible . The Midianites were said to be of Arab descent, though being neighbors of the Biblical Canaanites , they intermixed with them. It is said they were a wandering tribe, and that their principal territory at the time of Moses was the Sinai Peninsula . Jethro is mentioned in the Bible (Exodus 3:1) as the father in law of Moses. Although Shuaib is frequently identified with

126-540: Is often rendered in English as " South Shuna ", or " Southern Shuna " with another Shunah town at the opposite, northern end of the Jordan Valley being known as North Shuna . Shunah is also spelled Shuneh and Shuna. The article al undergoes assimilation to the following consonant in specific cases , when al is sounded ash , also spelled esh , al-Shunah becoming ash-Shunah/esh-Shuneh . For convenience,

147-509: The Aṣḥāb al-Aykah ("Companions of the Wood"), since they used to worship a large tree. To the people, Shuaib proclaimed the straight path and warned the people to end their fraudulent ways. When the community did not repent, God destroyed the community. Alongside Hud , Saleh and Muhammad , Shuaib is understood by Muslims as one of the four Arabian prophets sent by God. It is said that he

168-710: The First Jewish–Roman War under Vespasian , which saw the defeat of the town's defenders. The non-combatants were exterminated, the able-bodied fled, the houses were ransacked by the soldiery, and the village set on fire. The town is also mentioned in the Mosaic of Rehob , which was laid sometimes between the late 3rd and the 6th/7th centuries CE. 31°54′32″N 35°38′17″E  /  31.909°N 35.638°E  / 31.909; 35.638 Shu%27ayb Shuaib , Shoaib , Shuayb or Shuʿayb ( Arabic : شعيب , IPA: [ʃuʕajb] ; meaning: "who shows

189-479: The Midianite priest Jethro, most modern scholars reject this identification. Classical commentators, such as ibn Kathir , say Shuʿayb was a great-grandson of Abraham: Shuʿayb is believed to have been the son of Mikil, son of Midian, son of Abraham. That would render impossible the identification with Jethro, who lived at the time of Moses, purportedly hundreds of years after Abraham. The Qur'an states that Shuaib

210-459: The Qur'an with the mission of Noah, Hud, Saleh and Lot. Scholars have pointed out that these five prophets exemplify the early prophetic missions: The prophet would be sent to his community; the community would pay no attention to his warning and would instead threaten him with punishment; after years of preaching, God would ask him to leave his community, while his people were subsequently destroyed in

231-513: The definite article at the beginning of place-names may be dropped, yielding here simply Shunah al-Janubiyah . South Shuna is also historically known as Shunat Nimrin . Nimrin is the name of nearby Tell Nimrin and the lower section of a wadi called Wadi Nimrin downstream from Tell Nimrin and Wadi Shu'eib upstream from the tell. Tell Nimrin Beth-Nimrah or Beth-nimrah ( Hebrew : בית נמרה ), also called Nimrin and Bethennabris ,

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252-529: The first century CE. In Talmudic literature, it is mentioned as Nimrin or Nimri. The name is preserved in the names Tell Nimrin (for the archaeological mound ) and Wadi Nimrin (for the wadi -type valley). Glueck suggests a possible connection between Wadi Nimrin and the biblical "Waters of Nimrim" ( Isaiah 15:6 and Jeremiah 48:34 ), although he identifies "this stream" with Seil en-Numeirah (not clear if he refers by "this stream" to Seil en-Numeirah, or to Jeremiah's "Waters of Nimrim"). Seil en-Numeira

273-459: The prestigious family he came from, he would surely have been stoned to death. Shuayb replied, "Is my family of more consideration with you than God?" When the Midianites refused to believe, they were destroyed by a mighty earthquake. The Qur'an, however, mentions that Shuʿayb, and his believing companions, were rescued from the thunderous punishment. Shuayb's mission is often mentioned in

294-510: The right path") is an ancient Midianite Prophet in Islam, and the most revered prophet in the Druze faith. Shuayb is traditionally identified with the biblical Jethro , Moses' father-in-law. Shuaib is mentioned in the Quran a total of 11 times. He is believed to have lived after Abraham , and Muslims believe that he was sent as a prophet to a community: the Midianites, who are also known as

315-471: The south side of the wadi. The tells of Mustah and Bleibil are in the foothills flanking the plain of Nimrin from the east, while Nimrin is further down the slope. Glueck describes Tell Nimrin in 1943 as being situated very close to the east of the Arab village of Shuneh (now Ash-Shunah al-Janubiyah or South Shuneh). About Tell Nimrin, see also Alexander Ahrens' Wadi Shuʿayb Archaeological Survey (2018). It

336-482: The surface and, in the case of Tell el-Mustah and Tell Nimrin, in cuts caused by modern roads. Tell el-Mustah rises south of Wadi Sha'ib (Wadi Shu'ayb in more recent spelling), which is the name of an easterly section of the same wadi which takes on the name Wadi Nimrin when it reaches Tell Nimrin. Tell Bleibil is just across the wadi from Tell el-Mustah, so on the north side of Wadi Sha'ib. Tell el-Mustah stands c. 1.75 km ENE of Tell Nimrin, both being located on

357-598: Was an ancient city in Transjordan , which features prominently the history of ancient Israel and Judah . Tell Nimrin has been identified by Nelson Glueck as the last of three sites successively occupied by the ancient city. Beth Nimrah means 'house of a leopard' in Hebrew, beit meaning 'house' and namer 'leopard' (cf. nimr in Arabic ). Later in antiquity, the city took on the name Nimrin, until its demise in

378-439: Was appointed by God to be a prophet to the people of Midian. The people of this land were said to be especially notorious for cheating others through dishonesty and for idolatry. Shuʿayb's prophecy mainly involved calling the Midianites to the correct path of God, and forbidding them to worship false gods. It is also said he told his people to stop being dishonest in their daily activities. Although he preached and prophesied for

399-630: Was assigned to the Tribe of Gad ( Numbers 32:36 ). In the Book of Joshua it was said to have belonged formerly to the kingdom of Sihon ( Joshua 13:27 ). In the 4th century BCE, the city was settled by Israelites who had returned from the Babylonian exile and marked the furthest extent eastward of Jewish settlement in Transjordan. In c. 65 CE, the village was the site of a fierce battle during

420-636: Was believed by Glueck to have moved twice in its history, occupying successively three mounds : Tell el-Mustaḥ during the Early Bronze I, Tell Bleibil in Iron Age I-II , and Tell Nimrin in the Roman through to the Early Muslim period, with similar large historical sedentary habitation gaps as those encountered elsewhere across the Jordan Valley. Glueck based his dates on sherds found at

441-502: Was known by Muslims as "the eloquent preacher amongst the prophets", because he was, according to tradition, granted talent and eloquence in his language. The Druze revere Shuaib as an important figure in their faith, and hold an annual pilgrimage to Nabi Shu'ayb , the purported location of his tomb, in the Lower Galilee . The area to which Shuʿayb was sent to is named Madyan in the Qur'an, known in English as Midian , which

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