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115-585: SIGI was founded in 1984 by Robin Morgan and Simone de Beauvoir . A spinoff of "Sisterhood Is Global", SIGI was the "first international feminist think tank ". Frontline Women's Fund was founded in 2011 by Jessica Neuwirth with co-conveners Gloria Steinem and former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay . In 2015 it was integrated into the Sisterhood Is Global Institute. This article about an organization in

230-478: A live television version of Eugene O'Neill 's The Iceman Cometh , which was followed by his film A View from the Bridge (1962), another psychological drama, from the play written by Arthur Miller . This was followed by another Eugene O'Neill play -turned-to-cinema, Long Day's Journey into Night (1962), with Katharine Hepburn earning an Oscar nomination for her performance as a drug-addicted housewife;

345-613: A radar repairman stationed in India and Burma (1942–1946), he became involved with the Actors Studio , then formed his own theater workshop. He organized an Off-Broadway group and became its director, and continued directing in summer stock theatre while teaching acting at the High School of Performing Arts . He was the senior drama coach at the new 46th Street building of "Performing Arts". The 25-year-old Lumet directed

460-548: A Lifetime Achievement in Human Rights from Equality Now , and in 2003 The Feminist Press gave her a "Femmy" Award for her "service to literature". She has also received the Humanist Heroine Award from The American Humanist Association in 2007. In March 2012 Morgan, along with her Women's Media Center co-founders Jane Fonda and Gloria Steinem , wrote an open letter asking listeners to request that

575-544: A Masque (Doubleday, 1994), Upstairs in the Garden: Poems Selected and New 1968–1988 (W. W. Norton, 1990), Death Benefits (Copper Canyon Press, 1981), Lady of the Beasts (Random House, 1976), and Monster (Random House, 1972). Of the book A Hot January , Alice Walker wrote: "Morgan proves that exquisite poetry can be the most surprising gift of grief. A volume as proud, fierce, vulnerable, and brave as

690-553: A New Millennium (2003). She has herself written non-fiction, including Going Too Far (1978), The Anatomy of Freedom (1984), The Demon Lover: On the Sexuality of Terrorism (1989), The Word of a Woman (1994), and Saturday’s Child: A Memoir (2001). One of the most widely translated of Morgan’s books and a best-seller, The Demon Lover is a commentary on the psychological and political roots of terrorism, and New York Times Book Review called it "Important...compelling....[Morgan]

805-412: A TV interview that the film was his favorite as an actor. It was the social realism which permeated his greatest work that truly defined Lumet – the themes of youthful idealism beaten down by corruption and the hopelessness of inept social institutions allowed him to produce several trenchant and potent films that no other director could have made. — Turner Classic Movies Serpico (1973)

920-460: A belief in the importance of justice for a democracy , a subject that he tried to put in his films. He admitted, however, that he did not believe that the movie business itself has the power to change anything. Rapf writes, "There is, as he says, a lot of 'shit' to deal with in the entertainment industry, but the secret of good work is to maintain your honesty and your passion." Film historian David Thomson writes of his films: He has steady themes:

1035-402: A child actor while she was trying to speak seriously about the first national march against rape. Of the incident, she has been quoted as saying: "Imagine talking about such a subject and having it trivialized like that." In 1974, with her phrase "Pornography is the theory, and rape is the practice" (from her essay "Theory and Practice: Pornography and Rape"), she became a central figure on one of

1150-557: A child model. At the age of five, believed to be four, she got her own program, titled Little Robin Morgan , on the New York radio station WOR . She was also a regular on the original network radio version of Juvenile Jury . Her acting career took off when she was eight and started in the TV series Mama , as Dagmar Hansen, the younger sister in the family depicted in the series. The show premiered on CBS in 1949, starring Peggy Wood , and

1265-476: A cinematic showcase for their abilities and help them deepen their acting contribution. Actor Christopher Reeve , who co-starred in Deathtrap (1982), also pointed out that Lumet knew how to talk technical language: "If you want to work that way – he knows how to talk Method, he knows how to improvise, and he does it all equally well". As a movie goes on, it gets more and more grueling and you really need

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1380-761: A destroyer-with the mentality of a rapist." At the end of her speech she called for a vote on ejecting Elliott, with over two-thirds voting to allow her to remain, however the minority threatened to disrupt the conference and Elliott chose to leave after her performance to avoid this. The event demonstrated the high tension surrounding transgender women's involvement in the women's movement of the 1970s. Robin Morgan grew up in New York, first in Mount Vernon , and later in Manhattan, on Sutton Place . She graduated from The Wetter School in Mount Vernon, in 1956, and

1495-414: A director who will help remind you where your character is at all times. Sidney Lumet was like that. All wonderful directors will do that. — Al Pacino Joanna Rapf, writing about the filming of The Verdict (1982), states that Lumet gave plenty of personal attention to his actors, whether listening to them or touching them. She describes how Lumet and star Paul Newman sat on a bench secluded from

1610-524: A distinguished visiting scholar in residence for literary and cultural studies at the University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand in 1989; a visiting professor in residence at the University of Denver , Colorado in 1996; and visiting professor at the Center for Documentation on Women at University of Bologna , Italy, in 1996. She was awarded an honorary degree as a Doctor of Humane Letters by

1725-604: A fiery bisexual poet and how motherhood transformed her life; her years in the civil rights movement, the New Left, and counterculture; her emergence a leader of global feminism; and her love affairs with women as well as men," according to BookNews.com . In her book, "her passion for writing, especially poetry, is vividly conveyed, as is her love and respect for her son, born in 1969," according to The New York Times Book Review . In April 2013, Morgan announced publicly that she had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, discussing

1840-611: A founding member of the short-lived New York Radical Women group. She was the key organizer of their September 1968 inaugural protest of the Miss America pageant in Atlantic City. Morgan wrote the Miss America protest pamphlet No More Miss America! , and that same year cofounded Women's International Terrorist Conspiracy from Hell (W.I.T.C.H.), a radical feminist group that used public street theater (called "hexes" or "zaps") to call attention to sexism. Morgan designed

1955-619: A good actor, and he just might find the great actor lurking within," wrote film critic Mick LaSalle . When necessary, Lumet chose untrained actors, but he stated that "over ninety percent of the time, I want the best tools I can get: actors, writers, lighting men, cameramen, propmen". Nonetheless, when he did use less experienced actors, he could still bring out superior and memorable acting performances. He did with Nick Nolte , Anthony Perkins , Armand Assante , Jane Fonda , Faye Dunaway , Timothy Hutton and Ali MacGraw , who referred to him as "every actor's dream". In Jane Fonda's opinion, "He

2070-485: A jury must decide the guilt or innocence of a young man, to Q&A (1990), in which a lawyer must determine the question of guilt and responsibility of a maverick policeman, guilt is a common thread that runs through many of his films. In Murder on the Orient Express (1974), all of the suspects are guilty. His films are also characterized by a strong emphasis on family life, often showing tensions within

2185-727: A leadership role in PDF's new Women and PD initiative, which will seek to better serve women impacted by Parkinson's disease by understanding and resolving gender inequalities in PD research, treatment, and caregiver support. Morgan has also written new poetry inspired by her battle with the disease, and performed a reading of some of the poems as a TED Talk, at the TEDWomen 2015 conference. Her mother, Faith Berkeley Morgan, traveled from her New York residence to Florida to give birth, in order to avoid public scrutiny for her unmarried status. Robin's father,

2300-571: A medical doctor named Mates Morgenstern, did not accompany pregnant Faith on her trip. Until Morgan was 13 years old, her mother Faith claimed that Robin's father had been killed in World War II. However, Robin overheard conversations between her mother and aunt suggesting her father was alive. When she confronted her mother, Faith changed her story to assert that Robin's father had escaped from one Nazi concentration camp after another, and that she had saved his life by sponsoring his immigration to

2415-513: A meeting with him, without her mother's knowledge, and ultimately paid a surprise visit to his New Jersey office in January 1961. Morgenstern revealed that he was aware of Robin's fame as a child actor, but had remained firm in his decision to avoid contact with Faith Morgan, having chosen not to see her again after the only time he visited her and the infant Robin. He also told Robin, during their conversation in his medical office, that she in fact

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2530-551: A minimum of two weeks before filming. During those weeks, recalls Faye Dunaway , who starred in Network (1976), he also blocked the scenes with his cameraman. As a result, she added that "not a minute is wasted while he's shooting, and that shows not only on the studio's budget, but it shows on the impetus of performance". She praised his style of directing in Network , in which she won her only Academy Award: Sidney, let me say,

2645-566: A part- or full-time editor in the following decades. She served as editor-in-chief of the magazine from 1989 to 1994, turning it into a highly successful, ad-free, bimonthly, international publication, which won awards for both writing and design, and received considerable acclaim among journalists. In 1979, when the Supersisters trading card set was produced and distributed, featuring famous women from politics, media and entertainment, culture, sports, and other areas of achievement, one of

2760-508: A perfect combination of American values -- racism, militarism, capitalism -- all packaged in one 'ideal' symbol, a woman." Another controversial quote is from her 1978 book, Going Too Far: The Personal Chronicle of a Feminist, where she stated: "I feel that "man-hating" is an honorable and viable political act, that the oppressed have a right to class-hatred against the class that is oppressing them." Morgan famously walked off The Tonight Show in 1969 when it screened vintage footage of her as

2875-427: A reputation for making realistic and gritty New York dramas which focused on the working class , tackled social injustices , and often questioned authority. He received several awards including an Academy Honorary Award and a Golden Globe Award as well as nominations for nine British Academy Film Awards and a Primetime Emmy Award . He was nominated five times for Academy Awards : four for Best Director for

2990-632: A result, while working for CBS , he directed hundreds of episodes of Danger (1950–1955), Mama (1949–1957) and You Are There (1953–1957), the latter a weekly series that featured Walter Cronkite in one of his early television appearances. Lumet chose Cronkite for the role of anchorman "because the premise of the show was so silly, was so outrageous, that we needed somebody with the most American, homespun, warm ease about him", he said. He also directed original plays for Playhouse 90 , Kraft Television Theatre and Studio One , directing approximately 200 episodes, which established him as "one of

3105-651: A series of awards, including the award for Editorial Excellence by Utne Reader in 1991, and the Exceptional Merit in Journalism Award by the National Women's Political Caucus . Morgan resigned her post in 1994 to become Consulting Global Editor of the magazine, which she remains to this day. Morgan has written for online audiences and blogged frequently. Among her best known articles are "Letters from Ground Zero" (written and posted after

3220-510: A thrust and steely polish..... A powerful, challenging book." In 1979 Morgan received a National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowship in poetry, then held a writing residency at the arts colony Yaddo the following year. During this time she worked on a cycle of verse plays. Morgan’s poetry collections include A Hot January: Poems 1996–1999 (W. W. Norton, 1999), Depth Perception: New Poems and

3335-635: A touch of Sephardic) Jewish ancestry. I respect and understand the desire of others to affirm their ethnic roots as central to their identities, but while I’m quite proud of mine, I feel they’re just not particularly central to my identity. I am deeply opposed to all patriarchal religions, including though not limited to Judaism ." Morgan continues to tackle topics such as religion, politics and sex in fiery commentaries on her radio show WMC Live with Robin Morgan . Today Robin Morgan lives in Manhattan . Blake Morgan , her son with ex-husband Kenneth Pitchford,

3450-416: Is a musician, recording artist, and founder of New York-based record company ECR Music Group . In 2000 Norton published Morgan’s memoir, Saturday's Child , in which she wrote candidly about "the shadowy circumstances of her birth; a lifelong, impassioned, love-hate relationship with her mother; her years as a famous child actor and her fight to escape show business to become a serious writer; her marriage to

3565-566: Is a valentine to New York". In an interview in 2006, Lumet said that he had always been "fascinated by the human cost involved in following passions and commitments, and the cost those passions and commitments inflict on others". This theme is at the core of most of his movies, notes Rapf, such as his true-life films about corruption in the New York City Police Department or in family dramas such as Daniel (1983). Film historian Stephen Bowles believes that Lumet

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3680-414: Is broadcast on CBS affiliate WJFK each Saturday. The program features commentary by Morgan about recent news, and interviews with activists , politicians , authors, actors and artists. By 1962 Morgan had become active in the anti-war Left, and had also contributed articles and poetry to such Left-wing and counter-culture journals as Liberation , Rat , Win , and The National Guardian . In

3795-503: Is directly related to pictures of quality". Because he started his career as an actor, he became known as an "actor's director" and worked with the best of them over the years, a roster probably unequaled by any other director. Acting scholar Frank P. Tomasulo agreed and pointed out that many directors who are able to understand acting from an actor's perspective were all "great communicators". According to film historians Gerald Mast and Bruce Kawin, Lumet's "sensitivity to actors and to

3910-572: Is intense and at times magnificent." Her most recently published book of non-fiction is Fighting Words: A Tool Kit for Combating the Religious Right (2006). In 1984, Morgan, together with the late Simone de Beauvoir of France, and women from 80 other countries, founded The Sisterhood Is Global Institute (SIGI), an international non-profit NGO with consultative status to the United Nations, which has for three decades functioned as

4025-400: Is one of, if not, the most talented and professional men in the world...and acting in Network was one of the happiest experiences I have ever had...He's a really gifted man who contributed a good deal to my performance. Partly because his actors were well rehearsed, he could execute a production in rapid order, which kept his productions within their modest budgets. When filming Prince of

4140-518: Is syndicated in the US and, as a podcast, is published online at the WMCLive website, and distributed on iTunes in 110 countries. It has been praised by The Huffington Post as "talk radio with a brain" and features commentary by Morgan about recent news, and interviews with activists , politicians , authors, actors and artists. The weekly hour was picked up by CBS Radio two weeks after its launch and

4255-576: Is the quintessential Lumet hero, who he described as a "rebel with a cause". An earlier example of psychodrama was The Pawnbroker (1964), starring Rod Steiger . In it, Steiger plays a Holocaust survivor whose spirit has been broken and who lives day-to-day as a pawn shop manager in Harlem . Lumet used the film to examine, with flashbacks, the psychological and spiritual scars with which Steiger's character lives, including his lost capacity to feel pleasure. Steiger, who made nearly 80 films, said during

4370-652: The Los Angeles Times , Ms. , The New Republic , The New York Times , Off Our Backs , Pacific Ways , The Second Wave , Sojourner , The Village Voice , The Voice of Women , and various United Nations periodicals, etc. Articles and essays have also appeared in reprint in international media, in English across the Commonwealth , and in translation in 13 languages in Europe, South America ,

4485-823: The Caribbean , and Central America , as well as in Australia, Brazil , China, Indonesia , Israel , Japan, Nepal , New Zealand, Pacific Island nations, the Philippines , and South Africa . Over the years, Morgan has received numerous awards for her activism on women’s rights. The Feminist Majority Foundation named Robin Morgan "Woman of the Year" in 1990; she received the Warrior Woman Award for Promoting Racial Understanding from The Asian American Women's National Organization in 1992; in 2002 she received

4600-729: The Lower East Side neighborhood of Manhattan . He studied theater acting at the Professional Children's School of New York and Columbia University . Lumet's parents, Baruch and Eugenia (née Wermus) Lumet, were Jewish and veterans of the Yiddish theatre ; they had immigrated to the United States from Poland . His father, an actor, director, producer and writer, was born in Warsaw . Lumet's mother, who

4715-584: The Middle East , and Asia . Morgan has served as a contributing editor to Ms. magazine for many years, receiving the Front Page Award for Distinguished Journalism for her cover story titled "The First Feminist Exiles from the USSR" in 1981. She served as the magazine's editor-in-chief from 1989 to 1994, re-launching it as an ad-free, international bimonthly publication in 1991. This earned her

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4830-594: The Philippines , Brazilian women activists in the slums/favelas of Rio , women organizers in the townships of South Africa , and underground feminists in Iran . Twice––in 1986 and 1989 she spent months in the Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan , Lebanon , Egypt , Syria , West Bank , and Gaza , to report on the conditions of women. Morgan has also spoken at universities and institutions in countries across Europe,

4945-711: The Redstockings Manifesto, historical documents from W.I.T.C.H. , and a germinal statement from the Black Women’s Liberation Group of Mount Vernon. It also included what Morgan called "verbal karate": useful quotes and statistics about women. The anthology was cited by the New York Public Library as one of the “New York Public Library's Books of the [20th] Century”. Morgan established the first American feminist grant-giving organization, The Sisterhood Is Powerful Fund, with

5060-588: The September 11 attacks in 2001 — which went viral), "Goodbye To All That #2", "Women of the Arab Spring", "When Bad News is Good News: Notes of a Feminist News Junkie", "Manhood and Moral Waivers", and "Faith Healing: A Modest Proposal on Religious Fundamentalism". Her online work is hosted in the archives of the Women's Media Center. Robin Morgan has published 21 books, including works of poetry, fiction, and

5175-587: The University of Connecticut at Storrs in 1992. The Robin Morgan Papers, a collection that documents the personal, political, and professional aspects of Morgan's life, are archived at the Sallie Bingham Center for Women’s History and Culture at Duke University . They date from the 1940s to the present. Robin Morgan has been arrested, and has received death threats from both the Right and

5290-517: The Women's Institute for Freedom of the Press (WIFP). WIFP is an American nonprofit publishing organization. The organization works to increase communication between women and connect the public with forms of women-based media. Morgan has traveled extensively across the United States and around the world to bring attention to cross-cultural sexism. She has met with and interviewed female rebel fighters in

5405-453: The publishing industry . When Grove summarily fired her and other union sympathizers, she led a seizure and occupation of their offices in the spring of 1970, protesting the union-busting , as well as the dishonest accounting of royalties to Betty Shabazz , Malcolm X 's widow. Morgan and eight other women were arrested that day. In the mid-1970s Morgan became a Contributing Editor to Ms. magazine, and continued her affiliation there as

5520-434: The "male Left". She also asserted that Charles Manson was "only the logical extreme of the normal American male’s fantasy." Two years later, Morgan published the poem "Arraignment", in which she openly accused Ted Hughes of the battery and murder of Sylvia Plath . There were lawsuits, Morgan's 1972 book Monster which contained that poem was banned, and underground, pirated feminist editions of it were published. As

5635-650: The 1960s she became increasingly involved in social-justice movements, notably the civil-rights and anti-Vietnam war. In early 1967, she was active in the Youth International Party (known in the media as the "Yippies"), with Abbie Hoffman and Paul Krassner . However, tensions over sexism within the YIP (and the New Left in general) came to a head when Morgan grew more involved in Women's Liberation and contemporary feminism . In 1967, Morgan became

5750-601: The Broadway plays Night of the Auk (1956), Caligula (1960) and Nowhere to Go But Up (1962). Lumet is also known for his work on television. He received a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series nomination for NBC Sunday Showcase (1961). He also directed for Goodyear Television Playhouse , Kraft Television Theatre and Playhouse 90 . Lumet was born in Philadelphia and grew up in

5865-615: The Caribbean, Central America, China, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Nepal, New Zealand, Pacific Island nations, the Philippines, and South Africa. She has also been a guest professor or scholar in residence at a variety of academic institutions. She was guest chair for feminist studies at the New College of Florida in 1971; a visiting professor at The Center for Critical Analysis of Contemporary Culture at Rutgers University in 1987;

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5980-471: The City (1981), for example, although there were over 130 speaking roles and 135 different locations, he was able to coordinate the entire shoot in 52 days. As a result, wrote historians Charles Harpole and Thomas Schatz, performers were eager to work with him, for they considered him to be an "outstanding director of actors". The film's star Treat Williams said that Lumet was known for being "energetic": He

6095-439: The City ). As a result of directing 12 Angry Men , he was also responsible for leading the first wave of directors who made a successful transition from TV to movies. A controversial TV show that he directed in 1960 gained some notoriety: The Sacco-Vanzetti Story on NBC . According to The New York Times , the drama drew flack from the state of Massachusetts (where Sacco and Vanzetti were tried and executed) because it

6210-503: The City, its many ethnic neighborhoods, its art and its crime, its sophistication and its corruption, its beauty and its ugliness, all feed into what inspires him". He felt that in order to create, it is important to confront reality on a daily basis. For Lumet, "New York is filled with reality; Hollywood is a fantasyland." He often used New York City as the backdrop—if not the symbol—of his "preoccupation with America's decline", according to film historians Scott and Barbara Siegel . Lumet

6325-940: The Feminist Women's Health Network, the National Battered Women's Refuge Network, Media Women, the National Network of Rape Crisis Centers, the Feminist Writers' Guild, the Women's Foreign Policy Council, the National Museum of Women in the Arts , the Sisterhood Is Global Institute , GlobalSister.org, and Greenstone Women's Radio Network. She also co-founded the Women's Media Center with activist Gloria Steinem and actor/activist Jane Fonda . In 2018, she

6440-544: The Institute pioneered the first Urgent Acton Alerts regarding women’s rights; the first Global Campaign To Make Visible Women’s Unpaid Labor In National Accounts; and the first Women’s Rights Manuals For Muslim Societies (in 12 languages). Its most recent project is Donor Direct Action (donordirectaction.org), which links front-line women’s rights activists around the world to money, visibility, and popular support: minimum bureaucracy, maximum impact. In 2005, Morgan co-founded

6555-564: The Left because of her activism. According to a New Yorker magazine article published in the aftermath of Morgan's essay "Goodbye to All That" (#2) going viral on the Internet, "At five feet tall Morgan is, not for the first time, the little woman who has started a big war." In her original essay, "Goodbye to All That" (1970), Morgan bade adieu to "the dream that being in the leadership collective will get you anything but gonorrhea," referring to

6670-556: The Orient Express (1974), Equus (1977), The Wiz (1978), The Morning After (1986), Running on Empty (1988) and Before the Devil Knows You're Dead (2007). He received the Academy Honorary Award in 2004. A member of the inaugural class at New York's Actors Studio , Lumet started acting Off-Broadway and made his Broadway acting debut in the 1935 play Dead End . He went on to direct

6785-587: The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) investigate the Rush Limbaugh–Sandra Fluke controversy , where Rush Limbaugh referred to Sandra Fluke as a "slut" and "prostitute" after she advocated for insurance coverage for contraception . They asked that stations licensed for public airwaves carrying Limbaugh be held accountable for contravening public interest as a continual promoter of hate speech against various disempowered and minority groups. In 1970, Morgan compiled, edited, and introduced

6900-560: The United States is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Robin Morgan Robin Morgan (born January 29, 1941) is an American poet, writer, activist, journalist, lecturer and former child actor . Since the early 1960s, she has been a key radical feminist member of the American Women's Movement , and a leader in the international feminist movement. Her 1970 anthology Sisterhood Is Powerful

7015-550: The United States where he had no family. Not until several years later did Robin get proof that this was also a lie. Morgan learned the truth, both about her father, who was still alive, and how old she really was, early in 1961. Now a young woman, no longer working in show business, Robin found a listing for the medical practice of an obstetrician, Dr. Mates Morgenstern, in the New Brunswick, New Jersey telephone directory. Suspecting this might be her father, she had sought

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7130-486: The United States, more than a year before the United States entered World War II, and that she had had nothing to do with his immigration. He added that he had known Faith only briefly and claimed that she had fantasized their relationship as more important than it was. By the time Morgan met her father he had married and had two sons with a woman he had known since they were both children in Austria. Having been separated by

7245-566: The appearance of spontaneity in both his actors and settings, which gave his films an improvisational look by shooting much of his work on location. Lumet was a strong believer in rehearsal and felt that if an actor rehearsed correctly, the actor would not lose spontaneity. According to critic Ian Bernard, Lumet felt that it gives actors the "entire arc of the role", which gives them the freedom to find that "magical accident". Director Peter Bogdanovich asked him whether he rehearsed extensively before shooting, and Lumet said that he liked to rehearse

7360-482: The cards featured Morgan's name and picture. Today, the trading cards are in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art and the University of Iowa library. In 2005, Morgan co-founded the non-profit progressive women's media organization, The Women’s Media Center, with friends actor/activist Jane Fonda , and activist Gloria Steinem . Seven years later, in 2012, she debuted a weekly radio show and podcast , Women’s Media Center Live With Robin Morgan. The broadcast

7475-401: The diagnosis on her radio show WMC Live with Robin Morgan , revealing that she had been diagnosed in 2010, but that her quality of life was thus far "normal". Since her diagnosis, Morgan has become active with the Parkinson's Disease Foundation (PDF), completing training to become part of the organization's Parkinson's Advocates in Research initiative. In 2014 she was the catalyst and took

7590-467: The divisive issues in feminism , particularly among anti-pornography feminists in Anglophone countries. In 1973, Robin Morgan gave the keynote speech at the West Coast Lesbian Conference, in which she criticized Beth Elliott , a performer and organizer of the conference, for being a transgender woman. In this speech she referred to Elliott as a "transsexual male" and used male pronouns throughout, charging her with being "an opportunist, an infiltrator, and

7705-407: The drama department in a production of The Young and Fair . Lumet began his directorial career with Off-Broadway productions and evolved into a highly efficient television director. He began directing television in 1950 after working as an assistant to friend and then-director Yul Brynner . He soon developed a "lightning quick" method for shooting due to the high turnover required by television. As

7820-655: The family. This emphasis on the family included "surrogate families", as in the police trilogy consisting of Serpico (1973), Prince of the City (1981), and Q&A . An "untraditional family" is also portrayed in Dog Day Afternoon (1975). Sidney was a visionary film-maker whose movies made an indelible mark on our popular culture with their stirring commentary on our society. Future generations of film-makers will look to Sidney's work for guidance and inspiration but there will never be another who comes close to him. —composer Quincy Jones Lumet preferred naturalism or realism, according to Joanna Rapf. He did not like

7935-537: The feminist movement. It was compiled, edited, and with an introduction by Morgan, and Morgan wrote "To Vintage Feminists" and "To Younger Women", which were both included in the anthology as Personal Postscripts. Morgan's articles, essays, reviews, interviews, political analyses, and investigative journalism have appeared widely in such publications as The Atlantic , Broadsheet , Chrysalis , Essence , Everywoman , The Feminist Art Journal , The Guardian (US), The Guardian (UK), The Hudson Review ,

8050-413: The first anthology of feminist writings, Sisterhood is Powerful . The compilation included now-classic feminist essays by such activists as Naomi Weisstein , Kate Millett , Eleanor Holmes Norton , Florynce Kennedy , Frances M. Beal , Joreen , Marge Piercy , Lucinda Cisler and Mary Daly , as well as historical documents including the N.O.W. Bill of Rights, excerpts from the SCUM Manifesto ,

8165-477: The first feminist grant-giving foundation in the US: The Sisterhood Is Powerful Fund , which provided seed money to many early women's groups throughout the 1970s and 1980s. She made a decisive break from what she described as the "male Left" when she led the women's takeover of the underground newspaper Rat in 1970, and listed the reasons for her break in the first women's issue of the paper, in her essay titled "Goodbye to All That". The essay gained notoriety in

8280-458: The four principal actors swept the acting awards at the 1962 Cannes Film Festival . Film critic Owen Gleiberman observed that Lumet was a "hardboiled straight-shooter" who, because he was trained during the Golden Age of Television in the 1950s, became noted for his energetic style of directing. The words, "Sidney Lumet" and "energy", he added, became synonymous. "The energy was there in

8395-420: The fragility of justice, and the police and their corruption. Lumet quickly became esteemed ... [and he] got a habit for big issues – Fail Safe , The Pawnbroker , The Hill ,  – and seemed torn between dullness and pathos. ...  He was that rarity of the 1970s, a director happy to serve his material – yet seemingly not touched or changed by it. ... His sensitivity to actors and to

8510-594: The leading organizer of the 1968 protest of the Miss America Pageant, " No More Miss America! ", Morgan attacked the pageant’s "ludicrous 'beauty' standards and also accused the pageant of being racist , since at that time no African American woman had been a contestant. In addition––according to Morgan––in sending pageant winners to entertain troops in Vietnam, the women served as "death mascots" in an immoral war. Morgan asked, "Where else could one find such

8625-444: The legal drama 12 Angry Men (1957), the crime drama Dog Day Afternoon (1975), the satirical drama Network (1976) and the legal thriller The Verdict (1982), and one for Best Adapted Screenplay for Prince of the City (1981). Other films include A View from the Bridge (1962), Long Day's Journey into Night (1962), The Pawnbroker (1964), Fail Safe (1964), The Hill (1965), Serpico (1973), Murder on

8740-495: The main set, where Newman had taken his shoes off, to privately discuss an important scene about to be shot. Lumet's actors walked through their scenes before the camera rolled. This preparation was done because Lumet liked to shoot a scene in one take or two at the most. Newman liked to call him "Speedy Gonzales", adding that Lumet did not shoot more than he had to. "He doesn't give himself any protection. I know I would," Newman said. Film critic Betsey Sharkey agreed, adding that "he

8855-399: The most prolific and respected directors in the business", according to Turner Classic Movies . His ability to work quickly while shooting carried over to his film career. Because the quality of many television dramas was so impressive, several of them were later adapted as motion pictures. His first movie, 12 Angry Men (1957), a courtroom drama centered on a tense jury deliberation that

8970-434: The next decades, along with political activism, writing fiction and nonfiction prose, and lecturing at colleges and universities on women's rights, Morgan continued to write and publish poetry. In 1962, Morgan married poet Kenneth Pitchford. She gave birth to their son, Blake Morgan , in 1969. The couple divorced in 1983. At that time, she was working as an editor at Grove Press and was involved in an attempt to unionize

9085-537: The non-profit progressive organization, The Women’s Media Center with her friends actor/activist Jane Fonda , and activist Gloria Steinem . The focus of the organization is to make women powerful and visible in the media. An invited speaker at numerous universities in North America, Morgan has traveled—as organizer, speaker, journalist—across North America, Europe, and the Middle East to Australia, Brazil,

9200-490: The now-classic anthologies Sisterhood Is Powerful, Sisterhood Is Global , and Sisterhood Is Forever . Well before she was known as a feminist leader, literary magazines published her as a serious poet. According to a 1972 review of her first book of poems, Monster , in The Washington Post : "[These poems] establish Morgan as a poet of considerable means. There is a savage elegance, a richness of vocabulary,

9315-678: The others, sometimes turned to Jewish themes to develop ethnic sensibilities that were characteristic of American culture, by dynamically highlighting its "unique tensions and cultural diversity". This was partly reflected in Lumet's preoccupation with city life. A Stranger Among Us (1992), for example, is the story of a woman undercover police officer and her experiences in a Hasidic community in New York City. The subject of "guilt", explains Desser, dominates many of Lumet's films. From his first feature film, 12 Angry Men (1957), in which

9430-648: The poet herself." A review of Upstairs in the Garden , noted: "As a vindication and celebration of the female experience, these inventive poems successfully wed feminist rhetoric with vivid imagery and sensitivity to the music of language." Two books of poems, Lady of the Beasts and Depth Perception , earned reviews in Poetry Magazine with critic Jay Parini stating that "Robin Morgan will soon be regarded as one of our first-ranking poets." Morgan had published three books of fiction as of 2015. Her debut novel

9545-428: The post of president, she was elected secretary of the organization from 1989 to 1993, was VP from 1993 to 1997, and after serving on the advisory board, finally agreed to become president in 2004. A third volume, Sisterhood Is Forever: The Women's Anthology for a New Millennium in 2003, was a collection of articles mostly by well-known feminists, both young and "vintage", in a retrospective on and future blueprint for

9660-485: The press for naming specific sexist men and institutions in the Left. Decades later, during the Democratic primaries for the 2008 presidential race, Morgan wrote a fiery sequel to her original essay, titled "Goodbye To All That #2", in defense of Hillary Clinton . The article quickly went viral on the internet for lambasting sexist rhetoric directed towards Clinton by the media. In 1977, Morgan became an associate of

9775-419: The quietest moments. It was an inner energy, a hum of existence that Lumet observed in people and brought out in them...[when he] went into the New York streets...he made them electric." He also wrote: It was a working class outer-borough energy. Lumet's streets were just as mean as Scorsese's, but Lumet's seemed plain rather than poetic. He channeled that New York skeezy vitality with such natural force that it

9890-525: The rhythms of the city have made him America's longest-lived descendant of the 1950s Neorealist tradition and its urgent commitment to ethical responsibility". They cited his film The Hill (1965) as "one of the most politically and morally radical films of the 1960s". They added that beneath the social conflicts of Lumet's films lies the "conviction that love and reason will eventually prevail in human affairs", and that "law and justice will eventually be served – or not". His debut film Twelve Angry Men

10005-459: The rhythms of the city have made him America's longest-lived descendant of the 1950s Neorealist tradition and its urgent commitment to ethical responsibility. Lumet preferred to work in New York City and shunned the dominance of Hollywood . As a director, he became strongly identified with New York City. "I always like being in Woody Allen's world," he said. He claimed that "the diversity of

10120-478: The royalties from Sisterhood Is Powerful . However, the anthology was banned in Chile, China, and South Africa. Her follow-up volume in 1984, Sisterhood Is Global: The International Women's Movement Anthology , compiled articles about women in over seventy countries. That same year she founded the Sisterhood Is Global Institute, notable for being the first international feminist think tank . Repeatedly refusing

10235-550: The system, about the little guy against the system". This includes the women characters, as in Garbo Talks (1984). Its star Anne Bancroft embodied the kind of character portrayal that attracted him: "a committed activist for all kinds of causes, who stands up for the rights of the oppressed, who is lively, outspoken, courageous, who refuses to conform for the sake of convenience, and whose understanding of life allows her to die with dignity  ... Garbo Talks in many ways

10350-421: The universal symbol of the women’s movement ––the female symbol, a circle with a cross beneath, centered with a raised fist. The Oxford English Dictionary also credits her with first using the term " herstory " in print in her 1970 anthology Sisterhood is Powerful . Concerning the feminist organization W.I.T.C.H., Morgan wrote: With the royalties from her anthology Sisterhood Is Powerful , Morgan founded

10465-438: The war, they resumed their relationship after she arrived in the United States not long after Robin was born, which probably also added to Morgenstern's decision to abandon Faith and their daughter. Sidney Lumet Sidney Arthur Lumet ( / l uː ˈ m ɛ t / loo- MET ; June 25, 1924 – April 9, 2011) was an American film director. Lumet started his career in theatre before moving to film, where he gained

10580-402: The world’s first feminist think-tank. The Institute has played a leading policy-formulation, strategic, and activist role in the evolution of the international Women’s Movement. SIGI has also developed a global communications network through which an umbrella of NGO interest, advice, contacts, and support is collectively mobilized to empower the global women’s movement. Among its many activities,

10695-647: The writer, actors and other artists. Lumet "has no equal in the distinguished direction of superior actors", added Cunningham, with many coming from the theater. He was able to draw powerful performances from actors, such as Ralph Richardson , Marlon Brando , Richard Burton , Katharine Hepburn , James Mason , Sophia Loren , Geraldine Fitzgerald , Blythe Danner , Rod Steiger , Vanessa Redgrave , Paul Newman , Sean Connery , Henry Fonda , Dustin Hoffman , Albert Finney , Simone Signoret and Anne Bancroft . "Give him

10810-556: Was a dancer, died when he was a child. He had an older sister. Lumet made his professional debut on the radio at age four and his stage debut at the Yiddish Art Theatre at age five. As a child, he also appeared in many Broadway productions, including 1935's Dead End and Kurt Weill's The Eternal Road . In 1935, aged 11, Lumet appeared in a Henry Lynn short film Papirossen (meaning "Cigarettes" in Yiddish ), co-produced by radio star Herman Yablokoff . The film

10925-403: Was a deeper intensity, almost a kind of beauty, to catching the coarseness of reality as it truly looked. "Lumet generally insisted on the collaborative nature of the film, sometimes ridiculing the dominance of the 'personal' director," wrote film historian Frank R. Cunningham. As a result, Lumet became renowned among both actors and cinematographers for his openness to sharing creative ideas with

11040-834: Was a great success. Morgan played Cecchina Cabrini in Citizen Saint (1947). During the Golden Age of Television , Morgan starred in such "TV spectaculars" as Kiss and Tell and Alice in Wonderland , and guest starred on such live dramas as Omnibus , Suspense , Danger , Hallmark Hall of Fame , Robert Montgomery Presents , Tales of Tomorrow , and Kraft Theatre . She worked with directors such as Sidney Lumet , John Frankenheimer , Ralph Nelson ; writers such as Paddy Chayefsky and Rod Serling ; and performed with actors such as Boris Karloff , Rosalind Russell , Bill "Bojangles" Robinson , and Cliff Robertson . Having wanted to write rather than to act since she

11155-411: Was a maestro of one or two takes years before Clint Eastwood would turn it into a respected specialty". Sharkey recalls, "[Faye] Dunaway once told me that Lumet worked so fast it was as if he were on roller skates. A racing pulse generated by a big heart." Biographer Joanna Rapf observes that Lumet had always been an independent director, and liked to make films about "men who summon courage to challenge

11270-452: Was a master. Such control of his craft. He had strong, progressive values and never betrayed them." While the goal of all movies is to entertain, the kind of film in which I believe goes one step further. It compels the spectator to examine one facet or another of his own conscience. It stimulates thought and sets the mental juices flowing. —Sidney Lumet Lumet believed that movies are an art, and "the amount of attention paid to movies

11385-604: Was an acclaimed picture in its day, representing a model for liberal reason and fellowship during the 1950s. The film and Lumet were nominated for Academy Awards, and he was nominated for the Director's Guild Award. The Encyclopedia of World Biography states that his films often featured actors who studied " Method acting ", noted for portraying an earthy, introspective style. A leading example of such "Method" actors would be Al Pacino , who, early in his career, studied under Method acting guru Lee Strasberg . Lumet also preferred

11500-537: Was attracted to crime-related stories in New York City urban settings, where the criminals get caught in a vortex of events that they can neither understand nor control but are forced to resolve. Like other Jewish directors from New York, such as Woody Allen , Mel Brooks and Paul Mazursky , Lumet's characters often speak overtly about controversial issues of the times. They felt unconstrained as filmmakers, and their art became "filtered through their Jewish consciousness", wrote film historian David Desser . Lumet, like

11615-541: Was based on a CBS live play , was an auspicious beginning for Lumet. It was a critical success and established him as a director skilled at adapting properties from other mediums to motion pictures. Fully half of Lumet's complement of films originated in the theater. Following his first film, Lumet divided his energies among political and social drama films, as well as adaptations of literary plays and novels, big stylish stories, New York-based black comedies and realistic crime dramas (including Serpico and Prince of

11730-456: Was born on January 29, 1941, exactly one year earlier than she thought, and disclosed the copy of her original birth certificate, that he had stored in his office. In order to conceal the out-of-wedlock birth, Faith Morgan had asked her Florida obstetrician to sign an affidavit stating that the birth took place on January 29, 1942. During the conversation in his office, Morgenstern told his daughter that he first met her mother after his arrival in

11845-464: Was cited by the New York Public Library as "One of the 100 Most Influential Books of the 20th Century.". She has written more than 20 books of poetry, fiction, and nonfiction, and was editor of Ms. magazine. During the 1960s, she participated in the civil rights and anti-Vietnam War movements; in the late 1960s, she was a founding member of radical feminist organizations such as New York Radical Women and W.I.T.C.H. She founded or co-founded

11960-501: Was easy to overlook what was truly involved in the achievement. He captured that New York vibe like no one else because he saw it, lived it, breathed it – but then he had to go out and stage it, or re-create it, almost as if he were staging a documentary, letting his actors square off like random predators, insisting on the most natural light possible, making offices look as ugly and bureaucratic as they were because he knew, beneath that, that they weren't just offices but lairs, and that there

12075-526: Was four, Morgan fought her mother's efforts to keep her in show business, and left the cast of Mama at age 14. As she entered adulthood, Robin Morgan continued her education as a non-matriculating student at Columbia University . She began working as a secretary at Curtis Brown Literary Agency , where she met and worked with such writers as poet W. H. Auden in the early 1960s. She had already begun publishing her own poetry (later collected in her first book of poems, Monster , published in 1972). Throughout

12190-406: Was intrigued by obsessive conditions, writes Bowles. Lumet's protagonists tended to be antiheroes , isolated and unexceptional men who rebel against a group or institution. The most important criterion for Lumet was not simply whether the actions of the people are right or wrong, but whether they were genuine and justified by the individual's conscience. Whistleblower Frank Serpico , for example,

12305-464: Was just a ball of fire. He had passion for what he did and he "came to work" with all barrels burning. He's probably the most prepared director I've ever worked with emotionally. His films always came in under schedule and under budget. And everybody got home for dinner. Harpole added that "whereas many directors disliked rehearsals or advising actors on how to build their character, Lumet excelled at both". He could thereby more easily give his performers

12420-404: Was listed as one of BBC's 100 Women. Due to circumstances at her birth, her mother claimed that Robin Morgan was born a year later than she actually was (see birth and parents ), and throughout her career as a child actor, she was thought to be a year younger than she actually was, both by herself and others. Already as a toddler, her mother, Faith, and mother's sister Sally started Robin as

12535-460: Was most comfortable and effective as a director of serious psychodramas , as opposed to light entertainments. His Academy Award nominations, for example, were all for character studies of men in crisis, from his first film, Twelve Angry Men , to The Verdict . Lumet excelled at putting drama on the screen. Most of his characters are driven by obsessions or passions, such as the pursuit of justice, honesty and truth, or jealousy, memory or guilt. Lumet

12650-645: Was placed on the Recommended Quality Fiction List of 2007 by the American Library Association , in addition to being the 2006 Paperback Pick by Book Sense (The American Booksellers Association). Morgan has compiled, edited, and introduced several influential anthologies: Sisterhood Is Powerful: The Women’s Liberation Anthology (1970), Sisterhood Is Global: The International Women’s Movement Anthology (1984), and Sisterhood Is Forever: The Women’s Anthology for

12765-489: Was privately tutored from then until 1959. She published her first serious poetry in literary magazines at age 17. In an article published in the Jewish Women's Archive, Morgan reveals she is of Jewish ancestry, but identifies her religion as Wiccan and/or atheist. She is quoted as saying, "When compelled to define myself specifically in ethnic terms—I have described myself as being European American of Ashkenazic (with

12880-451: Was shown in a theatrical play with the same title, based on the song " Papirosn ". The play and short film appeared at the Bronx 's McKinley Square Theatre. In 1939, at age 15, he made his only feature-length film appearance in ...One Third of a Nation... . World War II interrupted Lumet's early acting career and he spent four years in the U.S. Army . After returning from service as

12995-482: Was the first of four "seminal" films that Lumet made during the 1970s that marked him as "one of the greatest filmmakers of his generation". It was the story of power and betrayal in the New York City police force, with an idealistic policeman battling impossible odds. Lumet was a child during the Depression , and grew up poor in New York City, witnessing poverty and corruption. It instilled in him at an early age

13110-510: Was the semi-autobiographical Dry Your Smile (published by Doubleday & Company , 1987), followed by The Mer-Child: A Legend for Children and Other Adults (published by The Feminist Press at City University of New York, 1991). Her most recent work of fiction is a historical novel titled The Burning Time (Melville House Books, 2006), set in the 14th century, based on court records of the first witchcraft trial in Ireland. The Burning Time

13225-527: Was thought to postulate that the condemned murderers were, in fact, wholly innocent. However, the resulting controversy did Lumet more good than harm, sending several prestigious film assignments his way. He began adapting classic plays for both film and television, directing Marlon Brando , Joanne Woodward and Anna Magnani in the feature film The Fugitive Kind (1959), based on the Tennessee Williams play Orpheus Descending . He directed

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