Misplaced Pages

#162837

30-486: The museum opened on land which belongs to Skjoldenæsholm Castle on 26 May 1978. It was established and is run entirely by unpaid volunteers in collaboration with the Danish Tram Historical Society . The museum is founded on some of the remains of Sjællandske Midtbane , a railway that was closed in 1936 and went from Næstved to Frederikssund via Ringsted and Hvalsø . The museum's goal

60-420: A golf course . The rest of the land is mostly forested . Originally located 1.5 km (0.93 mi) to the south of the current house, Skjoldenæs is first recorded in the 1340s when it was owned by the crown and referred to as a "castle of considerable size". King Christopher II mortgaged the estate to John III, Count of Holstein-Plön ( Johan den Milde ). King Valdemar IV can with certainty be linked to

90-517: A Danish Versailles . He was the first to use the 1671 Throne Chair of Denmark , partly made for this purpose. His motto was: Pietate et Justitia (With piety and justice). Prince Christian was born on 15 April 1646 at Duborg Castle in the city of Flensburg , then located in the Duchy of Schleswig . He was the first legitimate child born to the then Prince Frederick of Denmark by his consort, Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Calenberg . Prince Frederick

120-528: A circular tour. Skjolden%C3%A6sholm Castle Skjoldenæsholm Castle is a manor house located 11 kilometres north-east of Ringsted , Denmark , standing on the west side of one of the many lakes which dominate the area. The Neoclassical main building, possibly by Philip de Lange , is now run as a hotel and conference centre while the grounds play host to both the Skjoldenæsholm Tram Museum ( Sporvejsmuseet Skjoldenæsholm ) and

150-437: A major renovation in 1703. The renovation also added a new east wing and gave the old half-timbered west wing a new facade in masonry towards the courtyard, which matched it. The east wing is connected to a surviving part of Müller's half-timbered timber-framed house.. The interior displays several fine examples of 18th-century period decorations. Christian V of Denmark Christian V (15 April 1646 – 25 August 1699)

180-637: A new manor house, half-timbered and in one storey, at the site of the current main building. After Müller's death in 1682, the estate was reacquired by the king, Christian V and presented to his half-brother Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve . He also owned the Gyldenløve Mansion in Copenhagen as well as several other estates in Denmark and Norway. After his death, Skjoldenæsjolm passed to his son Ferdinand Anton Danneskiold-Laurvig . He remained

210-569: A traitor, and to the clamour of his adversaries, Griffenfeld was imprisoned for the remainder of his life. After the Scanian War, his sister, Princess Ulrike Eleonora of Denmark , married Swedish king Charles XI , whose mother was a stout supporter of the Duke of Holstein-Gottorp . In spite of the family ties, war between the brothers-in-law was close again in 1689, when Charles XI nearly provoked confrontation with Denmark-Norway by his support of

240-425: Is to preserve and restore trams (and now also buses and trolleybuses) in running condition: Right from the inaugural meeting, the idea of preserving and restoring the fast-disappearing trams was conceived, so that future generations might be able to see and experience the old trams. The collection was founded in 1965. It consists mainly of rolling stock and related artifacts from Copenhagen , Aarhus and Odense ,

270-423: Is used for rolling stock from Aarhus , Flensburg and Basel . An app. 1.5 km (0.93 mi) 1,435 mm ( 4 ft  8 + 1 ⁄ 2  in ) standard gauge tramway is used for trams from Copenhagen , Odense , Malmö , Oslo , Prague , Düsseldorf , Rostock , Hamburg , den Haag , Oslo and Melbourne . On selected days, vintage buses from Copenhagen, Aarhus and Odense are operated on

300-746: The Danish Code ( Danske Lov ) in 1683, the first law code for all of Denmark. He also introduced the similar Norske Lov (Norwegian Code) of 1687 to replace Christian IVs Norwegian Code from 1604 in Norway. He also introduced the land register of 1688, which attempted to work out the land value of the united monarchy in order to create a more just taxation . During the reign of Christian V, Denmark's trade in cattle that had declined due to catastrophic fires and wars had been restored, and livestock and crop exports had also surpassed Frederick III , with thousands of cattle entering and leaving Jutland through

330-572: The Oxen Way . After entering and fattening in the Danish King's German enclave County of Oldenburg , the cattle reached the big market in Wedel . From there, cattle are resold to all parts of North Germany via Stade , Hamburg and Lübeck . As the population continues to soar at the end of the seventeenth century, demand for beef, grains and fish is increasing, both throughout North Germany and on

SECTION 10

#1732787795163

360-671: The Scanian War , Danish hopes for border changes on the Scandinavian Peninsula between the two countries were dashed. The results of the war efforts proved politically and financially unremunerative for Denmark-Norway. The damage to the Danish-Norwegian economy was extensive. At this point, Christian V no longer had his most experienced foreign relations counsel around to repair the political damage — in 1676 he had been persuaded to sacrifice Griffenfeld as

390-422: The Scanian War . The war exhausted Denmark's economic resources without securing any gains. Part of Christian's appeal to the common people may be explained by the fact that he allowed Danish and Norwegian commoners into state service, but his attempts to curtail the influence of the nobility also meant continuing his father's drive toward absolutism . To accommodate non-aristocrats into state service, he created

420-635: The Baltic coast alone. In terms of the number of livestock shipped to the South, in 1680 each market had reached 40,000 cattle. Traditional export commodities, including fish and grains, have increased their exports since the beginning of the seventeenth century. The agricultural products exported by Denmark, especially cattle, have made a lot of money from Germany and the Netherlands for the Danish royal family,

450-472: The age of 60 at the Copenhagen Castle after a reign of 22 years. At the death of his father, Frederick immediately ascended the thrones of Denmark and Norway as the second absolute monarch at the age of just 24. He was formally crowned on 7 June the following year in the chapel of Frederiksborg Palace , which thereafter became the traditional place of coronation of Denmark's monarchs during

480-522: The aristocrats and the town residents. During his reign, science witnessed a golden age due to the work of the astronomer Ole Rømer in spite of the king's personal lack of scientific knowledge and interest. He died from the after-effects of a hunting accident and was interred in Roskilde Cathedral . Christian V had eight children by his wife and six by his Maîtresse-en-titre , Sophie Amalie Moth (1654–1719), whom he took up with when she

510-514: The castle was setting for Thomas Vinterberg 's film The Celebration , one of the central works of the Danish Dogme 95 group. The sober Neoclassical main wing from 1766 stands in washed, yellow brick. The architect is not known but may have been Philip de Lange . Originally, the red hip roof also covered the three-bay median risalits , found on both sides of the main wing, which received their triangular pediment in connection with

540-455: The days of the absolute monarchy. He was the first hereditary king of Denmark-Norway, and in honor of this, Denmark-Norway acquired costly new crown jewels and a magnificent new ceremonial sword. It is generally argued that Christian V's personal courage and affability made him popular among the common people, but his image was marred by his unsuccessful attempt to regain Scania for Denmark in

570-531: The era. After some hesitation, Christian V initiated the Scanian War (1675–1679) against Sweden in an attempt to reconquer Scania which Denmark had lost under the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658. As Griffenfeld predicted, Sweden's stronger ally France was the party that dictated the peace with Denmark's ally the Netherlands , and in spite of Danish victory at sea in the battles against Sweden in 1675–1679 during

600-451: The estate to his son Henri Bruun de Neergaard. Skjoldenæsholm has remained in the ownership of members of the Bruun de Neergaard family. The main building was in 1971 converted into a conference centre. The estate covers 1,272 hectares (3,140 acres) of land, including Skjoldenæsholm Tramway Museum which was founded in 1978 and a golf course. The rest consists mainly of forest. In 1998,

630-688: The exiled Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp in his claims to Holstein-Gottorp in Schleswig-Holstein. Like Charles XI of Sweden, who had never been outside Sweden, Christian V spoke only German and Danish and was therefore often considered poorly educated due to his inability to communicate with visiting foreign diplomats. Christian V was also often considered dependent on his councillors by contemporary sources. The Danish monarch did nothing to dispel this notion. In his memoirs, he listed "hunting, love-making, war and maritime affairs" as his main interests in life. Christian V introduced

SECTION 20

#1732787795163

660-501: The locale, in either 1346 or 1348, when he besieged the castle. The medieval castle was demolished in 1567 but a castle bank surrounded by moats can still be seen at the site today. The estate was crown land for an extended period of time, held in fee by various members of the Danish nobility until 1662 when it was ceded to the King's rentemester Henrik Müller (1609-1692). Over the next few years, between 1663 and 1666, Müller completed

690-422: The new noble ranks of count and baron . One of the commoners elevated in this way by the king was Peder Schumacher , named Count of Griffenfeld by Christian V in 1670 and high councillor of Denmark in 1674. Griffenfeld , a skilled statesman, better understood the precarious situation Denmark-Norway placed itself by attacking Sweden at a time when the country was allied with France, the major European power of

720-409: The owner of the estate until his own death in 1754. It was then passed to his son Frederik Ludvig Danneskiold-Laurvig. His widow Anna Joachimine Danneskiold-Laurvig (née Ahlefeldt, 1717–1795) kept the estate after her husband's death. She replaced the old main wing with the one seen today in 1766. AIn 1794, Joachimine Danneskiold-Laurvig sold the estate to Anna Marie Bruun de Neergaard (née Møller). Sje

750-545: The three Danish cities which historically operated tram systems, but also includes trams from a number of other countries. In 2003 the museum took over a collection of historic trams and buses when a museum run by HT (Hovedstadens Trafikselskab), the local bus company in Copenhagen, closed. Several other collections have followed since. The museum has two tramways. A 300-metre (984 ft) 1,000 mm ( 3 ft  3 + 3 ⁄ 8  in ) metre gauge tramway

780-634: Was King of Denmark and Norway from 1670 until his death in 1699. Well-regarded by the common people , he was the first king anointed at Frederiksborg Castle chapel as absolute monarch since the decree that institutionalized the supremacy of the king in Denmark-Norway . Christian fortified the absolutist system against the aristocracy by accelerating his father's practice of allowing both Holstein nobles and Danish and Norwegian commoners into state service. As king, he wanted to show his power as absolute monarch through architecture, and dreamed of

810-451: Was a younger son of King Christian IV , but the death of his elder brother Christian, Prince-Elect of Denmark in June 1647 opened the possibility for Frederick to be elected heir apparent to the Danish throne. After the death of King Christian IV in 1648, Frederick thus became King of Denmark and Norway as Frederick III. Prince Christian was elected successor to his father in June 1650. This

840-916: Was allowed to attend proceedings of the State College. Hereditary succession was made official by Royal Law in 1665. Christian was hailed as heir in Copenhagen in August 1665, in Odense and Viborg in September, and in Christiania, Norway in July 1666. Only a short time before he became king, he was taken into the Council of the Realm and the Supreme Court. On 9 February 1670, King Frederick III died at

870-503: Was not a free choice, but de facto automatic hereditary succession. Escorted by his chamberlain Christoffer Parsberg, Christian went on a long trip abroad, to Holland , England , France , and home through Germany . On this trip, he saw absolutism in its most splendid achievement at the young Louis XIV 's court, and heard about the theory of the divine right of kings . He returned to Denmark in August 1663. From 1664 he

900-404: Was the widow of Jens Bruun de Neergård (1742-1778). She had until then lived at Svenstrup Manor . Skjoldenæsholm was after her death passed to their son Johan Andreas Bruun de Neergaard (1770-1836). It was after his own death passed to his son Andreas Theodor Bruun De Neergaard (1808-1891) and then to his grandson Poul Johan Carl Bruun de Neergaard (1751-1832). In 1914, Poul Bruun de Neergaard ceded

#162837