58-547: Stoke Rivers is a small village five miles north-east of Barnstaple , in Devon , England. The village historically formed part of Shirwell Hundred and for ecclesiastical purposes falls within the Shirwell Deanery. The parish of Stoke Rivers comprises the village itself as well as several scattered farmsteads. There is also the medieval parish church of St. Batholomew and a small Baptist church. The name derives from
116-496: A tertiary college in Barnstaple. In 2012, 58 per cent of Devon students achieved 5 GCSEs grade A* to C. The UK average is 59 per cent. Petroc (formerly North Devon College ) is a tertiary college offering a wide range of vocational and academic further education to more than 3,000 young people over 16. It was due to spend £100 million on a new campus to be opened on Seven Brethren in 2011, but this fell through when
174-484: A charter of incorporation from Mary I in 1557. The council built the Guildhall on High Street in 1828 to serve as its meeting place. It was reformed to become a municipal borough in 1836, governed by a corporate body officially called the "mayor, aldermen and burgesses of the borough of Barnstaple", but generally known as the corporation or town council. The borough boundaries, which had previously been identical to
232-659: A conservation area near the River Taw, hundreds of new homes, a retail area of shops, restaurants and leisure facilities. By far the largest employer in the region is local and central government, particularly the Royal Marines Base Chivenor , 3 miles (5 km) west of the town, and North Devon District Hospital , 1 mile (1.6 km) to the north. In 2005 unemployment in North Devon was 1.8–2.4 per cent, while median per capita wage for North Devon
290-529: A ditch outside the town walls. The area of medieval shipbuilding and repair is still called The Strand, an early word for shore. Barnstaple has cool wet winters and mild wet summers. Mean high temperatures range from 9 C (48 F) in January to 21 C (70 F) in July. The record high is 34 C (94 F) and the record low −9 C (16 F). October is the wettest month with 103 mm (4.1 in) of rain. The mean annual rainfall
348-844: A fine tower in the Somerset style. The Roman Catholic Church of the Immaculate Conception is said to have been built to designs supplied by Pugin , in Romanesque Revival style. The late 19th-century church of St John the Baptist stands in the Newport area of the town. There is a Baptist chapel of 1870, which includes a lecture hall and classrooms. Geoffrey de Montbray Geoffrey de Montbray (Montbrai, Mowbray) (died 1093), bishop of Coutances ( Latin : Constantiensis ), also known as Geoffrey of Coutances ,
406-421: A guild which appointed a mayor. The claim in 1340 was made as part of a petition to Edward III seeking a new charter with additional powers. This was resisted by the lord of the feudal barony of Barnstaple . Following an inquisition ad quod damnum it was ruled that the town was in fact a lower status mesne borough answerable to the lord, rather than a free borough responsible directly to the monarch. The mayor
464-462: A high glass and timber roof on iron columns. The name is first recorded in the 10th century and is thought to derive from the Early English bearde , meaning "battle-axe", and stapol , meaning "pillar", i.e. a post or pillar to mark a religious or administrative meeting place. The derivation from staple meaning "market", indicating a market from its foundation, is likely to be incorrect, as
522-528: A need removed when travelling time to the M5 motorway was roughly halved. With Barnstaple as the main shopping area for North Devon, retail work contributes to the economy. There are chain stores in the town centre and in the Roundswell Business Park, on the western fringe of the town. Multi-million pound redevelopment round the former Leaderflush Shapland works at Anchorwood Bank is creating
580-445: A notable broach spire , claimed by W. G. Hoskins to be the best of its kind in the country. Inside the church are many mural monuments to 17th-century merchants, such as Raleigh Clapham (died 1636), George Peard (died 1644) and Thomas Horwood (died 1658), reflecting the prosperity of the town at that time. The interior of the church was heavily restored by George Gilbert Scott from 1866, and then by his son John Oldrid Scott into
638-763: A payment from the Corporation of Barnstaple in 1630 for "riding to Exeter about the Spanish Company." in St Peter's Church, and on the decorated plaster ceiling of the old Golden Lion Inn , Boutport Street, now a restaurant beside the Royal and Fortescue Hotel. The town benefited from rising trade with America in the 16th and 17th centuries, for the benefit of wealthy merchants who built impressive town houses. Some of these survive behind more recent frontages, for instance No. 62 Boutport Street, said to have one of
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#1732782857631696-477: A site in Brighton , Sussex. A lasting effect on the town has been the development and expansion of industrial estates at Seven Brethren, Whiddon Valley and Pottington. Whilst the 1989 opening of the improved A361 connection to the motorway network assisted trade in ways such as weekend tourism, it was detrimental to some distribution businesses. These had previously seen the town as a base for local distribution,
754-563: A summary of the Pannier Market: "Largely unchanged in over 150 years, Barnstaple's historic Pannier Market has a wide range of stalls, with everything from fresh local produce, flowers and crafts, to prints and pictures, fashion and... two cafés." The Pannier Market, Butchers Row, has been a Grade II listed building since 1951. In Barnstaple Around Barnstaple In 1989, the A361 North Devon Link Road
812-548: A supporter of his. In the 12th century, stone buildings were built over the motte, possibly during Henry de Tracy's tenure. The castle descended through his family to another Henry de Tracy, who held the castle in 1228 when Henry III ordered the Sheriff of Devon to make sure its walls did not exceed 10 feet (3.0 m) in height. By the death of the last Henry de Tracey in 1274, the castle had begun to decay. An inquisition of 1281 found that building materials had been removed from
870-792: Is Exeter Airport . Barnstaple railway station is the terminus of a branch line from Exeter known as the Tarka Line after a local connection with Tarka the Otter . The station is near the end of the Long Bridge, on the opposite bank of the Taw to the town centre. Several other stations closed with the publication of the Reshaping of British Railways (the Beeching Axe) report in the 1960s. The surviving one had been opened on 1 August 1854 by
928-499: Is 862 mm (33.9 in), with rain on 138 days. Barnstaple parish population in the 1801 census was 3,748, in 1901 9,698, and in 2001 22,497. In 2011 the racial make-up was: As a major town, Barnstaple has a similar ethnic make-up to other south-west towns such as Truro and Cullompton . It is more diverse than the North Devon district (95.9% White British ) and Devon as a whole (94.2% White British). North Devon
986-592: Is a historical name, which was revived in the Victorian era in several novels. It remains in the names of a football team, a brewery and several businesses, and on numerous milestones. The former Brannam Pottery in Litchdon Street was known for its trademark "Barum" etched on the base of its products. The earliest local settlement was probably at Pilton by the River Yeo , now a northern suburb. Pilton
1044-560: Is a river-port town and civil parish in the North Devon district of Devon , England. The town lies at the River Taw 's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel . From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool from which it earned great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, but its harbour silted up and other trades developed such as shipbuilding, foundries and sawmills. A Victorian market building survives, with
1102-464: Is also of interest, as is the Pannier Market beneath it. The museum has an "arts and crafts" appearance with tessellated floors and locally made staircase and decorative fireplaces. Barnstaple Castle, founded in the 11th or 12th century and first mentioned the 12th century, may derive from Juhel (Joel) of Totnes in the early 12th century. King Stephen granted the castle to Henry de Tracy,
1160-660: Is recorded in the Burghal Hidage (c. 917) as a burh founded by Alfred the Great , and may have undergone a Viking attack in 893, but by the later 10th-century Barnstaple had taken over its local defence. It had a mint before the Norman Conquest. The feudal barony of Barnstaple had its caput at Barnstaple Castle , granted by William the Conqueror to Geoffrey de Montbray , who appears as its holder in
1218-501: Is some distance from Britain's traditional areas of industrial activity and population. In the late 1970s it gained several industrial firms due to the availability of central government grants for opening factories and operating them on low or zero levels of local taxation. This was scarcely successful, with few lasting beyond the few years that grants were available. One success was the manufacturing of generic medicines by Cox Pharmaceuticals (now branded Allergan ), which moved in 1980 from
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#17327828576311276-649: The Borough of Barnstaple had two members in the House of Commons until 1885, when this was reduced to one. The constituency was replaced for the 1950 general election by the large modern constituency of North Devon , held by Nick Harvey MP of the Liberal Democrats from 1992 until 2015, when Peter Heaton-Jones of the Conservative Party was elected and re-elected in 2017. Between 2019 and 2024
1334-525: The Bristol Channel . On the north side, the Taw is joined by the River Yeo, which rises on Berry Down near Combe Martin . Most of the town lies on the east bank of the estuary, connected to the west by the ancient Barnstaple Long Bridge , with 16 arches. The town's early medieval layout still appears from the street plan and street names, with Boutport Street ("About the Port") following the curved line of
1392-528: The Guildhall on High Street and has its offices at Barum House on The Square. Barnstaple was an ancient borough . Its early status as a borough was ambiguous; in 1340 the town's guild claimed it had been incorporated in 930 by King Athelstan in a charter which had since been lost. The town was described as a borough in the Domesday Book of 1086, and from at least 1210 the town was being run by
1450-585: The Learning and Skills Council withdrew £75 million in funding in January 2009. Petroc was launched in September 2009, a year after NDC merged with Tiverton's East Devon College . St Peter's Church is the parish church of Barnstaple. Its oldest parts probably date to the 13th century, though the nave, chancel and tower date from 1318, when three altars were dedicated by Bishop Stapledon . The north and south aisles were added in about 1670. The church has
1508-527: The North Devon Railway (later the London and South Western Railway ), although a service had operated from Fremington since 1848 for goods traffic only. The station became "Barnstaple Junction" on 20 July 1874, when the railway opened the branch line to Ilfracombe , reverting to plain "Barnstaple" when this was closed on 5 October 1970. It is now a terminus and much reduced in size, as part of
1566-566: The Rivers family, who owned the village. The village is located at grid reference SS6335035450 [REDACTED] Media related to Stoke Rivers at Wikimedia Commons 51°06′07″N 3°57′11″W / 51.10202°N 3.95311°W / 51.10202; -3.95311 This Devon location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Barnstaple Barnstaple ( / ˈ b ɑːr n s t ə b əl / or / ˈ b ɑːr n s t ə p əl / )
1624-615: The 1086 Domesday Book . The barony fell to the Crown in 1095 after Montbray rebelled against William II . He transferred the barony to Juhel de Totnes , a feudal baron of Totnes . By 1107 Juhel had founded Totnes Priory and then Barnstaple Priory , of the Cluniac order , dedicated to St Mary Magdalene . After Juhel's son died intestate, the barony was split between the de Braose and Tracy families, before reuniting under Henry de Tracy. It then passed through several families, before ending in
1682-459: The 1880s, leaving it "dark and dull", according to Hoskins. Other religious buildings include St Anne's Chapel (a 14th-century chantry chapel , now a museum) in the parish churchyard. The Church of St Mary the Virgin in the suburb of Pilton is 13th-century and a Grade I listed building; Holy Trinity , built in the 1840s but necessarily rebuilt in 1867 as its foundations were unsound. It has
1740-703: The MP was the Conservative Selaine Saxby . Since 2024 the MP has been the Liberal Democrat Ian Roome . Barnstaple is the largest town in North Devon. It lies 68 miles (109 km) west-south-west of Bristol , 50 miles (80 km) north of Plymouth and 34 miles (55 km) north-west of the county town and city of Exeter . It was founded at the lowest crossing point of the River Taw , where its estuary starts to widen, about 7 miles (11 km) inland from Barnstaple Bay in
1798-498: The North Devon Link Road. Barnstaple is twinned with: Barnstaple has an eclectic mix of architectural styles, with the 19th century predominant, despite remnants of early buildings and several early plaster ceilings. St Anne's Chapel in the central churchyard can be seen as the most important ancient building to survive. Queen Anne's Walk was erected in about 1708 as a mercantile exchange. The Georgian Guildhall
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1856-516: The best plaster ceilings in Devon. The merchants also built almshouses , including Penrose's , and backed their legacy with elaborate family monuments inside the church. By the 18th century, Barnstaple had ceased to be a woollen manufacturing town. Its output was replaced from Ireland, for which it was the main landing place; the raw materials were then taken by land to clothmaking towns in mid and east-Devon, such as Tiverton and Honiton . However,
1914-539: The bishopric, Geoffrey discovered his new diocese was in very poor condition. For nearly a century the church in the Cotentin had not recovered from destruction at the hands of the Northmen. There was obstinate paganism, few canons, and no books, bibles, or ornamentation. A long line of bishops before him had resided at Rouen or Saint-Lô , and being so remote from the diocese little had been accomplished in restoring
1972-422: The castle without permission; by 1326 it was a ruin. Part of the castle walls blew down in a storm in 1601. The Neo-Gothic Manor of Tawstock , originally Tawstock House, is two miles south of Barnstaple. It replaced an earlier Tudor mansion, built in 1574 but lost to a fire in 1787. The Grade II listed St Anne's Chapel was restored in 2012 and is used as a community centre that can accommodate 60 people. It
2030-573: The construction in 1855–1856 of a Pannier Market , originally known as the Vegetable Market and designed by local architect R. D. Gould. This has a high glass-and-timber roof on iron columns. At 107 yards (98 m) long, it runs the length of Butchers' Row. Market days are Monday – Crafts and General (April to December), Tuesday – General and Produce, Wednesday – Arts Collectables and Books, Thursday – Crafts and General, Friday – General and Produce, and Saturday – General and Produce. Built on
2088-501: The early 19th century. Between the 1930s and the 1950s the urban area grew to incorporate the villages of Pilton , Newport, and Roundswell through ribbon development . There are three tiers of local government covering Barnstaple, at parish (town), district and county level: Barnstaple Town Council, North Devon Council (based just outside Barnstaple) and Devon County Council (based in Exeter ). Barnstaple Town Council meets at
2146-401: The far side of the street at the same time as the Pannier Market, Butchers' Row has ten shops with pilasters of Bath Stone and wrought-iron supports for an overhanging roof. Only one is still a butcher's, although successor shops still sell local farm goods. There is a baker, a delicatessen , two fishmongers , a florist and a greengrocer. In early 2020, the local Council web site provided
2204-483: The hands of Margaret Beaufort (died 1509), mother of King Henry VII . A market is first recorded in 1274. The town's wealth in the Middle Ages rested on being a staple port licensed to export wool. It had an early merchant guild of St Nicholas. In the early 14th century it was Devon's third richest town after Exeter and Plymouth, and its largest textile centre outside Exeter until about 1600. The wool trade
2262-581: The harbour was silting up. As early as c. 1630 Tristram Risdon reported, "It hardly beareth small vessels." Bideford, lower down the estuary and benefiting from the scouring by the fast-flowing River Torridge , gradually took over the trade. Although Barnstaple's trade in 1680–1730 was surpassed by Bideford 's, it retained economic importance into the early 20th century, manufacturing lace, gloves, sail-cloth and fishing-nets, with extensive potteries, tanneries, sawmills and foundries, and some shipbuilding still carried on. The Bear Street drill hall dates from
2320-424: The new district of North Devon. A successor parish was created covering the area of the former borough, with its council taking the name Barnstaple Town Council. The Civic Centre passed to North Devon Council, whilst the town council was initially based at the Guildhall. In 1993 the town council acquired Barum House on The Square to serve as its offices, but continues to use the Guildhall for meetings. From 1295
2378-499: The parish of Tawstock . The town council moved its offices to Castle House in the grounds of the castle in 1927, which in turn was replaced by a new Civic Centre on North Walk in 1969. The borough of Barnstaple was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 , with the area merging with Barnstaple Rural District , South Molton Rural District and the urban districts of Ilfracombe and Lynton to become
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2436-508: The parish of Barnstaple, were enlarged at the same time to include part of the parish of Pilton (including the village itself) and the Newport area from the parish of Bishop's Tawton . The borough was further enlarged in 1899 to take in the Rolle's Quay area from Pilton and an area on the west bank of the River Taw (including Barnstaple Junction railway station ) which had previously been in
2494-598: The primate and Bishop Odo, and about the same time over those between the abbot of Ely and his despoilers, and between the Bishop of Worcester and the abbot of Ely, and he likely acted as a Domesday commissioner (1086), and was placed about the same time in charge of Northumberland . He also signed the Accord of Winchester . The bishop, who attended the Conqueror's funeral, joined in the rising against William Rufus in 1088, making Bristol , with which (as Domesday shows) he
2552-510: The rebels besieging Montacute Castle in September 1069. In 1075 he again took the field against the Revolt of the Earls , leading with Bishop Odo a large army against Ralph de Guader , the rebel Earl of Norfolk, besieging and capturing his stronghold at Norwich . Meanwhile, the Conqueror had invested him with important judicial functions. In 1072 he presided over the great Kentish suit between
2610-730: The see. The few relics that former clerics managed to save along with the bodies of two former bishops, St. Lô and St. Rumpharius ( † c. 586 ) had been kept at the church of St. Sauveur in Rouen, given to Bishop Theoderic of Coutances by count Rollo as a temporary cathedral. He was present at the battle of Hastings , and at his lord's subsequent coronation William was presented to his new subjects in English by Archbishop Aldred and in French by Bishop Geoffrey. His reward in England
2668-579: The site has been used for the Barnstaple Western Bypass . The Ilfracombe branch line brought the railway across the river into the town centre. Barnstaple Quay was situated close by the Castle Mound. It closed in 1898 in favour of a nearby Barnstaple Town station at North Walk, which was also the terminus of the narrow-gauge Lynton and Barnstaple Railway , until that closed in 1935. The narrow-gauge line's main operating centre
2726-689: The use of staple in that sense first appears in 1423. Barnstaple was formerly referred to as "Barum", as a contraction of the Latin form of the name ad Barnastapolitum in Latin documents such as the episcopal registers of the Diocese of Exeter . The spelling Barnstable was also used for the town but is now obsolete, although that spelling is retained in America by a town in Massachusetts and its county , which were named after Barnstaple. Barum
2784-571: Was 73 per cent of the UK national average. The level of work in the informal or casual sector is high, partly during seasonal tourism. By 2018 unemployment in North Devon had fallen from a 2010 high to 1.2 per cent, while median weekly full-time pay stood at £440 per week and average housing prices at £230,000. The number of businesses registered has risen by 370 since 2010 to 4,895. The year 2018 also saw government investment through Coastal Community grants and Housing Infrastructure funds £83 million to upgrade
2842-503: Was a Norman nobleman, trusted adviser of William the Conqueror and a great secular prelate , warrior and administrator. Robert de Mowbray was his heir and nephew. Geoffrey, from his name, was apparently from Montbrai, Manche , in the arrondissement of Saint-Lô in the Basse-Normandie region of the former Duchy of Normandy . In 1049 he obtained the see of Coutances, arranged by his brother Malger (see Mowbray ). He
2900-495: Was a large fief scattered over 12 counties. He accompanied William on his visit to Normandy (1067). Having returned to England he took a leading role in suppressing the wave of English rebellions which erupted in the late summer of 1069. While William marched north against the uprisings in Mercia and Northumbria , Geoffrey gathered troops from the forces occupying London , Winchester and Salisbury and led them to victory against
2958-527: Was aided by its port, from which five ships were contributed to a force sent to fight the Spanish Armada in 1588. Barnstaple was one of the "privileged ports" of the Spanish Company , (established 1577), whose armorials appear on two mural monuments to 17th-century merchants: Richard Beaple (died 1643), three times Mayor, and Richard Ferris (Mayor in 1632), who with Alexander Horwood received
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#17327828576313016-705: Was an ancient Gothic chantry chapel , whose assets were acquired by the Mayor of Barnstaple and others in 1585, some time after the Dissolution of the Monasteries . A deed of feoffment dated 1 November 1585 exists in the George Grant Francis collection in Cardiff. Barnstaple has been the major market for North Devon since Saxon times. Demands for health regulation of its Victorian food market saw
3074-509: Was at nearby Pilton . A separate Barnstaple station, renamed Barnstaple (Victoria Road) in 1949, was opened to the east of the town in 1873 as the terminus of the Devon and Somerset Railway and later part of the Great Western Railway . A junction was provided to allow trains access to Barnstaple Junction and these ran through to Ilfracombe. It was closed in 1970. There are selected primary and secondary state schools and
3132-451: Was built between Barnstaple and the M5 motorway , some 40 miles (65 km) to the east. Traffic congestion in the town was severe, but in May 2007, the Barnstaple Western Bypass was opened to take traffic towards Braunton and Ilfracombe away from the town centre and ancient bridge. It consists of 1.6 miles (2.6 km) of new road and a 447 yards (409 m) long, five-span bridge, and
3190-407: Was closely connected and where he had built a strong castle , his base of operations. He burned Bath and ravaged Somerset , but submitted to the king before the end of the year. He appears to have been at Dover with William in January 1090, but, withdrawing to Normandy, died at Coutances in 1093. In his fidelity to Duke Robert he seems to have there held out for him against his brother Henry, when
3248-506: Was consecrated at Rouen on 12 March 1049, presumably by Mauger who was Archbishop of Rouen at that time. Later that year at the Council of Reims he was accused of simony , in other words, of having purchased his bishopric. In a skilful defence, Geoffrey claimed that without his knowledge his brother bought the bishopric for him. He was allowed to keep his see on giving of an oath of his good faith. However irregular his election to
3306-673: Was expected to have cost £42 million. The town's main square was remodelled as the entrance to the town centre, and The Strand was closed to traffic. The A39 , the Atlantic Highway, follows after the A361 to Bideford and to Bude and then further towards Cornwall. Most of Barnstaple's bus network is run by Stagecoach South West & Filers. The main bus station is at the junction of Queen Street and Belle Meadow Drive. National Express has coach services to London, Heathrow Airport, Taunton, Bristol and Birmingham. The nearest airport
3364-456: Was therefore not recognised as such by the monarch, but was deemed to be merely a bailiff of the lord. The guild made several other unsuccessful attempts to secure a charter from the king throughout the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, including seeking confirmation of rights supposedly conferred by charters from Henry II and subsequent monarchs, but those charters were forgeries, copied from Exeter's charters. The town eventually secured
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