115-462: Swanston Street is a major thoroughfare in the Melbourne central business district , Victoria, Australia . It was laid out in 1837 as part of the original Hoddle Grid . The street vertically bisects Melbourne's city centre and is famous as the world's busiest tram corridor , for its heritage buildings and as a shopping strip. Swanston Street runs roughly north–south in-between Russell Street to
230-420: A Summer street-party on February 9-10, 1985. The conversation then began around the permanent transformation of Swanston Street. In March 1992, the street was closed to daytime private through-traffic between Flinders and La Trobe Streets , roughly half its length. This section is known as Swanston Street Walk . Swanston Street was redeveloped in 1992 with a number of public sculptures being established through
345-497: A fairly exclusive membership, whilst the Melbourne Football Club, although bearing the name Melbourne, is associated by the supporters of other suburban clubs as representing the central area and perceive its supporters to represent the locality and not the entire city. The Melbourne Football Club has recently made efforts to shed its suburban tag and be embraced by the whole metropolitan area. The CBD has hosted
460-528: A financial surplus. Between 2013 and 2015 Davis introduced a wide-reaching restructure of the university's administration, labelled the Business Improvement Program, which led to the sacking of 500 administrative staff and some administrative responsibilities being transferred to academic staff. At the same time in the ten years to 2018 the university embarked on a large capital works program, spending $ 2 billion on new buildings across
575-567: A large capital works program by the university, which included the demolition of the Student Union Building and the creation of a new student precinct on the south-east corner of the Parkville campus. In June 2021, a new speech policy was implemented with the stated purpose of protecting transgender individuals within the university while preserving freedom of speech principles for staff and students. In 2023, windows of
690-399: A learning precinct in horticultural education in 1891. At the campus, students are offered short courses, associate degrees, post-graduate studies, and research. Specifically, training for urban landscape management, landscape design and production, park management, turf management, nursery and cut flower production, and arboriculture are all specialisations of the campus. The Creswick campus
805-421: A mixed business and residential district. Prior to the 2010s, Australian CBD's were generally places workers would commute to from the suburbs and served little purpose beyond employment and shopping opportunity. In this period, many sometimes very tall towers of small one and two bedroom apartments and studio-style student housing (with no carparks) have been built, greatly increasing the resident population of
920-598: A natural bush reserve. Agriculture students are able to access the city campus in addition to a semester at the Dookie campus. Subjects in agriculture, science, commerce, and environments are available at the campus. The Shepparton Medical Centre campus is located in Shepparton, nearly 200 km north of Melbourne. The campus is part of the Melbourne Medical School, and the Shepparton base is home to
1035-530: A number of events of significance, which include: the 1901 inauguration of the Government of Australia , 1956 Summer Olympic Games , 1981 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting , 1995 World Police and Fire Games , 2000 World Economic Forum , 2006 Commonwealth Games , 2015 Cricket World Cup , G20 Ministerial Meeting – among others. It is also recognised for the substantial number of cultural and sports events and festivals it holds annually – many being
1150-633: A number of former campuses, including Glenormiston (now Glenormiston College ), Longerenong (now Longerenong College ), McMillan (based in Leongatha and Warragul ) and the Werribee-based Gilbert Chandler Campus . Governance of the university is grounded in an act of parliament, the University of Melbourne Act 2009. The peak governing body is the "Council" the key responsibilities of which include appointing
1265-472: A professional or research graduate course. The introduction of the model, influenced by North American academia and the Bologna process , was controversial among students and staff. Various groups, including trade and student unions, academics, and some students criticised the introduction of the new structure, citing job and subject cuts, and a risk of "dumbing down" content. A group of students produced
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#17327720475211380-400: A satirical musical about the model's adoption. A dean from Monash University rejected the model and argued it led to a reduction in student applications to the University of Melbourne. The University of Western Australia is the only other Australian university to adopt the structure. Davis also introduced reforms to university governance, making faculty deans more responsible for producing
1495-413: A sum of £10,000 for the establishment of a university. The university was established by Act of Incorporation on 22 January 1853, with power to confer degrees in arts, medicine, laws and music. The act provided for an annual endowment of £9,001, while a special grant of £20,000 was made for buildings that year. The foundation stone was laid on 3 July 1854, and on the same day the foundation stone for
1610-463: A tertiary educational institution, and 54.3% of residents aged between 20 and 29. In common with Australian capital cities generally, especially Melbourne and Sydney, there has been remarkable growth in the CBD in the last 10 years to 2017. Residential units, population, jobs and visitation have all increased markedly, changing the central business district from a primarily business or work oriented hub, to
1725-582: A toxic workplace culture within the Faculty of Arts were aired, with a number of senior staff leaving their positions. At the same time, there was controversy over the high salaries earned by the Vice Chancellor, with Davis earning $ 1.5 million in 2019, the most of any university head in Australia. Like other Australian Universities, an extraordinary growth in international students took place at
1840-540: A transformative period for the university. In 1940, the first issue of Historical Studies: Australia and New Zealand , now Australian Historical Studies , was published by the Department of History. Expansion of the university increased significantly during the 1980s and 1990s, as the university amalgamated with a number of tertiary colleges. In 1988 the Melbourne Teachers' College was brought into
1955-572: A treaty to be trespassing . However, at the time the proclamation was being drawn up, a prominent businessman from Van Diemen's Land, John Pascoe Fawkner , had also funded an expedition to the area; which sailed from George Town aboard the schooner Enterprize . At the same time, the Port Phillip Association had also funded a second expedition; which sailed from Launceston aboard the Rebecca . The settlement party aboard
2070-487: A university registrar in 1901, the university continued to expand during this period. This growth included the construction of several buildings between 1900 and 1906. Such growth was facilitated largely through an increased government funding allocation, and the coinciding university led funding campaign. To accompany the training dentists received by the Melbourne Dental Hospital, a School of Dentistry
2185-468: A whole has been nourished by their influence, which extends from educational, cultural and sporting exchanges to unparalleled business networking opportunities." The recognised cities are: Sydney Melbourne Brisbane Adelaide Perth Hobart University of Melbourne The University of Melbourne (colloquially known as Melbourne University ) is a public research university located in Melbourne , Australia. Founded in 1853, it
2300-614: Is Australia's second oldest university and the oldest in Victoria . Its main campus is located in Parkville , an inner suburb north of Melbourne's central business district , with several other campuses located across Victoria . Incorporated in the 19th century by the colony of Victoria , the University of Melbourne is one of Australia's six sandstone universities and a member of the Group of Eight , Universitas 21 , Washington University's McDonnell International Scholars Academy, and
2415-670: Is a good representation of the commonly understood area of 'the CBD'; it includes the Hoddle Grid, plus the area of parallel streets just to the north up to Victoria Street including the Queen Victoria Market, but not the Flagstaff Gardens or the streets to the west of it, and the area between Flinders Street and the Yarra river west of Swanston Street . A map can be found here . This is not to be confused with
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#17327720475212530-652: Is also a major route for commuting cyclists to and through the city, with bike lanes from the northern suburbs and from St Kilda Road in the south, and the Capital City Trail on the Southbank of the Yarra River . The parking of tour buses along the street caused controversy in September 2008 when a young cyclist was killed by a bus as it turned out of a parking spot. There had previously been calls to
2645-852: Is associated with numerous institutes and research centres, including the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health , the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research and the Grattan Institute . The university has fifteen graduate schools , including the Melbourne Business School , the Melbourne Law School , the Melbourne Veterinary School, and
2760-515: Is believed to have taken place on the bank of Merri Creek (near the modern day suburb of Northcote ), consisted of an offering of: blankets , knives , mirrors , sugar , and other such items; to be also tributed annually to the Wurundjeri. The last sentence of Batman's journal entry on this day became famous as the founding charter of the settlement. So the boat went up the large river. And, I am glad to state about six miles up found
2875-732: Is bounded by Flinders Street , Spencer Street , La Trobe Street and Spring Street . The grid's longest axis is oriented 70 degrees clockwise from true north, to align better with the course of the Yarra River . Most of the arterial streets outside the Hoddle Grid were aligned almost north–south, Melbourne, at 8 degrees clockwise from true north–noting that magnetic north was 8° 3' E in 1900, increasing to 11° 42' E in 2009. Hoddle's survey did not include any public squares or piazzas , reputedly to avoid any facilitation of protests or public loitering, though colonial government practice did not generally include public squares other than land set aside for government buildings or markets. The whole town
2990-606: Is commonly understood to be the Hoddle Grid plus the parallel streets immediately to the north, including the Queen Victoria Market , and the area between Flinders Street and the river. There are a number of officially demarcated areas which are similar, but all differ slightly. Some that are larger still use the term 'Melbourne', which leads to some confusion. The boundaries of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Statistical Area Level 2 'Melbourne'
3105-571: Is currently in the design phase. Construction on stage one of the campus is expected to start in 2024 with a planned opening in 2026. The site is 7.2 hectares, and will be used by the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (FEIT) and the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning (ABP). The site is located in a renewal area set aside for industry and technology by the Victoria State Government . The university had
3220-712: Is home to many small independent galleries, often in the upper floors of older buildings or down laneways, and some of the most commercial galleries in Victoria are also in 'the city'. There are no sporting grounds within the CBD, but the 'shrine of sport' in Melbourne is the MCG ( Melbourne Cricket Ground ) located in the adjacent parkland known as Jolimont. Both the Melbourne Cricket Club and Melbourne Football Club are based there. The Melbourne Cricket Club has
3335-479: Is home to research and teaching for the Melbourne Veterinary School. Recently the campus undertook an AU$ 63 million redevelopment to enhance facilities for pet treatment and the training of future veterinarians at the University of Melbourne. Victoria's only accredited veterinary course is based at The University of Melbourne, at both the Werribee and Parkville campuses. A new engineering campus at Fishermans Bend
3450-628: Is located just outside the CBD in Carlton. In 2008, Melbourne was designated a " City of Literature " by UNESCO in its Creative Cities Network . The State Library Victoria is the most visited library in the city, and hosts the Wheeler Centre . Melbourne has been placed alongside New York and Berlin as one of the world's great street art meccas, and its extensive street art-laden laneways, alleys and arcades were voted by Lonely Planet readers as Australia's top cultural attraction. The CBD
3565-557: Is located within the township of Creswick, 120 km north-west of Melbourne. It is situated on 15 hectares of land, in is also connected native and plantation forests. Accommodation is available at the campus to members of the University of Melbourne's student cohorts and teaching staff when engaged at Creswick. Creswick campus has been offering forest science education since 1910, and is Australia's only dedicated forest ecosystem science campus, which focuses on forest industry, conservation, and molecular biology research. Scientists based at
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3680-490: Is the core central activities district (CAD) of Greater Melbourne. It encompasses a number of places of significance, which include the, Federation Square , Melbourne Aquarium , Melbourne Town Hall , State Library of Victoria , State Parliament of Victoria and Supreme Court of Victoria . It is also the main terminus for the Melbourne metropolitan and Victorian regional passenger rail networks–being Flinders Street and Southern Cross stations respectively, as well as
3795-414: Is the rectangular grid of the streets in the centre of the city laid out in 1837 by government surveyor Robert Hoddle . All major streets are one and half chains (99 ft or 30 m) in width, while all blocks are exactly ten chains square (ten acres (4.0 ha), 660 ft × 660 ft or 200 m × 200 m). It is one-mile (1.6 km) long by one-half-mile (0.80 km) wide. It
3910-631: Is the venue for many annual events, including the Moomba parade, the AFL Grand Final parade and Melbourne Cup parade. It is also the major route for the Anzac Day parade because Swanston Street leads into St Kilda Road , the site of the Shrine of Remembrance . Swanston Street was one of the busiest roads in Melbourne, carrying a large volume of private car traffic, mostly transiting through
4025-595: The 2016 census , the population of the CBD (the Level 2 statistical area of Melbourne) was 37,321 residents, about half of which were overseas students. Only 14.3% of residents were born in Australia, while 24.9% were born in China. Other places of birth included Malaysia 8.3%, India 6.2%, Indonesia 4.5% and South Korea 4.0%. Only English was spoken at home by 21.7% of residents, while 30.8% spoke Mandarin. Most of these overseas born are students, with 57.3% of residents attending
4140-535: The Asia-Pacific region. It is home to the corporate headquarters of the world's two largest mining companies: BHP and Rio Tinto ; as well as two of Australia's "big four" banks: ANZ and the National Australia Bank , its two largest gaming companies: Crown and Tabcorp , largest telecommunications company Telstra , two largest transport management companies: Toll and Transurban and
4255-475: The Association of Pacific Rim Universities . Since 1872, many independent residential colleges have become affiliated with the university, providing accommodation for students and faculty, and academic, sporting and cultural programs. There are nine colleges and five university-owned halls of residence located on the main campus and in nearby suburbs. The university comprises ten separate academic units and
4370-796: The Australian Centre for the Moving Image , the Australian art galleries of the National Gallery of Victoria , the Koorie Heritage Trust , and the Deakin Edge auditorium. Melbourne is considered the literary centre of Australia, and has more bookshops and publishing companies per capita than any other city in Australia. The headquarters of the world's largest travel guidebook publisher Lonely Planet
4485-512: The COVID-19 pandemic . The majority of teaching was moved to online delivery during the first semester. Like many other institutions and workplaces, university faculty members elected to use telecommunication platforms such as Zoom Video Communications , Microsoft Teams , or Skype to conduct live tutorials and provide interactive online learning experiences as a result of the suspension of face-to-face teaching during this time period. In 2020
4600-835: The Capitol Theatre are all located within the Hoddle Grid. The Arts Centre Melbourne (which includes the State Theatre , Hamer Hall , the Playhouse and the Fairfax Studio), and the Melbourne Recital Centre are located just to the south of the CBD, with the Sidney Myer Music Bowl in parklands to the east. The Federation Square arts complex occupies a prime site on the corner of Flinders and Swanston Streets, and includes
4715-602: The City of Port Phillip . The contemporary locality of Melbourne includes within its boundaries the Hoddle Grid plus the area of parallel streets just to the north up to Victoria Street including the Queen Victoria Market , but not the Flagstaff Gardens , and the area between Flinders Street and the Yarra River . It includes the grand boulevardes of St Kilda Road , Royal Parade and Victoria Street marking
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4830-545: The Docklands (with Docklands Stadium ) to the west, and Southbank and South Wharf on the other side of the Yarra River. Despite the area being described as the central business district, it is neither the geographic or demographic centre of Melbourne; due to urban sprawl to the south east the geographic centre is in the southeastern suburbs (in 2002 it was located at Bourne Street, Glen Iris ). The Hoddle Grid
4945-598: The Enterprize entered the Yarra River, and anchored close to the site chosen by Batman, on 29 August. The party went ashore the following day (near what is today William Street ; and is now celebrated as Melbourne Day ) and landed their stores, livestock and began to construct the settlement. The Association party aboard the Rebecca arrived in September after spending time at a temporary camp at Indented Head , where they encountered William Buckley – an escaped convict, believed dead, who had been living for 32 years with
5060-476: The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences . The university is a part-owner of the Melbourne Business School , based at Parkville campus, which ranked 46th in the 2012 Financial Times global rankings. A new campus located in Fishermans Bend is currently under planning, and construction may commence 2026. It will be used by the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology (FEIT) and
5175-531: The Halifax f.p. television series is shown living in an apartment at 339 Swanston Street (Jensen House; now converted into a UniLodge ) opposite the State Library. [REDACTED] Australian roads portal [REDACTED] Media related to Swanston Street at Wikimedia Commons Melbourne central business district The Melbourne central business district (colloquially known simply as "
5290-683: The Melbourne Medical School . Four Australian prime ministers and five governors-general have graduated from the University of Melbourne. Nine Nobel Laureates have taught, studied and researched at the University of Melbourne, the most of any Australian university. The University of Melbourne was established following a proposal by the Hugh Childers , the Auditor-General and Finance Minister, in his first Budget Speech on 4 November 1852, who set aside
5405-777: The Public Transport Corporation . Swanston Street was the shooting location for the 1976 video for AC/DC 's song " It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll) ". It led to a nearby street being renamed ACDC Lane in honour of the music video. It is also referenced in The Distillers ' song "Dismantle Me", as singer Brody Dalle is originally from Melbourne, as well as TISM 's song "Get Thee in My Behind Satan" and Courtney Barnett 's "Elevator Operator". Jane Halifax ( Rebecca Gibney ) of
5520-591: The Southbank campus. Veterinary science is taught at the Werribee campus. In regional Victoria, the Creswick and Dookie campuses are used for forestry and agriculture courses respectively. They previously housed several hundred residential students, but are now largely used for short courses and research. The Shepparton campus is home to the Rural Health Academic Centre for
5635-585: The State Library. Classes commenced in 1855 with three professors, all of whom, like the founding University Chancellor, Redmond Barry , were from Ireland. There were sixteen students; of this body of students only four graduated. The original buildings were officially opened by the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony of Victoria, Sir Charles Hotham , on 3 October 1855. A law school
5750-715: The Victorian College of the Arts affiliation with the University of Melbourne in 1992. This increased the number of campuses for the University of Melbourne. In 2001, the Melbourne School of Population Health was established, the first of its kind in Australia, and continued the growth of the university. Work at the centre involved contributions from many disciplines, ranging from the social sciences to epidemiology. Health fields such as Indigenous, women's, mental, sexual, and rural health have all been researched at
5865-443: The 1837 Hoddle Grid . Originally carrying pedestrians and horse-drawn traffic, the street resembled many typical European avenues of the 19th century. By the end of the 19th century it also accommodated one of the major tram lines through the city. With the advent of the automobile in the early 20th century, the street became a major thoroughfare, carrying car traffic between areas north of the city and St Kilda Road throughout most of
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#17327720475215980-546: The 1900s, the university expanded its offerings to more utilitarian courses. In 1901 the number of students enrolled at the University of Melbourne exceeded 500 students for the first time. The university established the Diploma of Education in 1903, following negotiations with the Victorian Education Department. Despite the economic depression of the 1890s and the discovery of a significant fraud by
6095-446: The 1950s, with residential not making a return until the 1990s with the conversion of older buildings. Since the 2000s this has accelerated with numerous high rise apartment buildings and student housing projects. With the loss of residents, restricted retail and pub hours, the central city became dominated by 9-5 business uses, with one commentator remarking that in the 1970s, the city was "as deserted as war-torn Berlin". According to
6210-421: The 20th century. In the latter half of the 20th century, the southern half of the street had problems with heavy traffic and its associated pollution, homelessness , loitering , and a plethora of discount stores, fast food outlets, sex shops and strip joints. As part of Victoria's 150th birthday celebrations, Swanston Street was closed to traffic, turfed and treed between Flinders Street and Lonsdale Street for
6325-492: The Aboriginal people did not have any official claims to the lands of the Australian continent. The proclamation formally declared, under the doctrine of terra nullius , that The Crown owned the whole of the Australian continent and that only it alone could sell and distribute land. It therefore voided any contracts or treaties made without the consent of the government, and declared any person attempting to rely on such
6440-437: The Arts campus of the University of Melbourne lies just to the south. The CBD, along with the adjacent Southbank area, has had comparatively unrestricted height limits in recent years, and has four of the six tallest buildings in Australia (or 5 of the top 10, excluding spires). The tallest in the CBD is currently Aurora Melbourne Central which topped out in December 2018. Melbourne had historically competed with Sydney for
6555-420: The CBD, including students. Many older buildings have been converted to loft-style apartments, and there are some older apartment buildings with larger more spacious units, with a relatively small amount of luxury housing. There are few families with young children, with only 3.1% of residents under the age of 14, and equally small numbers of over 50, so most residents are students or young professionals. The CBD
6670-414: The City " or " the CBD " ) is the city centre and main urban area of the city of Melbourne , Victoria, Australia , centred on the Hoddle Grid , the oldest part of the city laid out in 1837, and includes its fringes. The Melbourne CBD is located mostly in the local government area of the City of Melbourne , which also includes some of inner suburbs adjoining the CBD, while a small section extends into
6785-405: The Collins Street hill, legal professions around William Street, and warehousing along Flinders Lane and in the western end. Government buildings like GPO, State Library, Supreme Court, and Customs House occupied various blocks with Parliament House and the railway stations on the edges. Residential uses, most notably the slums of Little Lonsdale Street , were largely replaced by commercial uses by
6900-492: The Colonies , Charles Grant , recognised the settlement's fait accompli that same year, and authorised Governor Bourke to transfer Bearbrass to a Crown settlement. Batman and the Port Phillip Association were compensated £ 7,000 for the land. And, in March 1837, it was officially renamed "Melbourne" by Governor Bourke in honour of the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb (the Lord Melbourne). The Melbourne CBD does not have current official boundaries, but rather
7015-441: The Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning (ABP). The Parkville campus is the primary campus of the university. Originally established in a large area north of Grattan Street in Parkville , the campus has expanded well beyond its boundaries, with many of its newly acquired buildings located in the nearby suburb of Carlton . The university is undertaking an "ambitious infrastructure program" to reshape campuses. The campus
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#17327720475217130-400: The Faculty of Education, and the amalgamation lead to the formation of a distinctly new Faculty of Education. The College of Advanced Education was incorporated into the university in 1989. During this period, more students than ever before were attending the university. The university had expanded its student population to beyond 35,000 students. Such amalgamations continued into the 1990s, with
7245-403: The Percent for Art Program. The most famous of these statues is of a small bronze dog called Larry La Trobe by Melbourne artist, Pamela Irving . By the turn of the 21st century, the street carried nine tram routes , with the frequency of trams being the highest in Melbourne. In November 2008, the newly elected Lord Mayor of Melbourne Robert Doyle proposed returning private vehicle traffic to
7360-501: The RMIT area, but including Southern Cross Station, much of Southbank down a line along the West Gate Freeway , Kingsway, down to Coventry Street, South Melbourne , and the north wharf area and the South Wharf area. A map of the CCZ can be found here . The area described as 'the central city' in Clause 21.08 of the Melbourne Planning Scheme is similar, but also includes the Docklands . There are several adjoining areas that have important functions that are sometimes included within
7475-400: The Shepparton Rural Clinical School. It provides fully furnished, subsidized, self-catered student on site at the Clinical School. The University of Melbourne Shepparton Medical Centre was the first purpose built teaching clinic in Australia, and services Shepparton and surrounds with comprehensive primary healthcare. The Werribee campus is located about 30 km south west of the city, and
7590-401: The State Suburb level area, also called Melbourne, which is a larger area. The area of the postcode 3000 is very similar, but also includes the area to the east of Flinders Street Station , and a leg up northern Elizabeth Street . A map of this can be found here and here . The locality (suburb) of Melbourne is an official area, but is larger; it is the area of postcode 3000 combined with
7705-494: The University of Melbourne Arts & Cultural Building on the Parkville campus. From 2025, the Parkville Campus will be accessible via Parkville railway station , as part of the Metro Tunnel project. The Southbank campus is home to the Victorian College of the Arts and the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music , and is situated within Melbourne's creative arts precinct. Theatre and dance stages, film and television studios, visual arts studios, and concert halls are all located at
7820-420: The University of Melbourne Award (see below) are acknowledged by bronze commemorative plaques along Professors Walk on this campus. The Parkville campus was used extensively to shoot interior and exterior scenes in the MIFF -funded The Death and Life of Otto Bloom starring Twilight actor Xavier Samuel and Golden Globe nominee Rachel Ward . The new Union and Guild Theatres are located within
7935-422: The University of Melbourne and meant the university became increasingly reliant on revenue from its overseas student cohort. Davis would finish his final term as Vice-Chancellor in 2018 with Duncan Maskell succeeding him on 1 October. In 2020, on-campus teaching was limited to selected clinical placements as a result of social distancing restrictions required by the Victorian State Government in response to
8050-471: The VCA. This was due in part to it coming together with the Conservatorium to form the then Faculty of the Victorian College of the Arts and the Melbourne Conservatorium of Music. The Burnley Campus is located within the suburb of Burnley in Melbourne, around 5 km east of the Melbourne CBD. The campus is dedicated to both ornamental and environmental horticulture, and is surrounded by nine hectares of heritage-listed gardens. The campus began operating as
8165-402: The area of postcode 3004 (an area to the south of the central city, including the Domain and Botanic Gardens parklands, and the east side of St Kilda Road ) and both of these postcodes are known as Melbourne. The term 'central business district', or 'CBD', was first used in the Report on a planning scheme for the central business area of the City of Melbourne by town planner E.F. Borrie, which
8280-524: The campus include hydrologists, soil scientists, plant geneticists, geomorphologists, fire scientists, ecologists, engineers, and mathematicians. The Dookie campus has been the university's rural home to agriculture and agricultural teaching and learning since its inception in 1886. It is based between Shepparton and Benalla, about 220 km north east of Melbourne. Dookie campus is situated on 2440 hectares of land that houses student and staff accommodation, an orchard, winery, merino sheep, robotic dairy, and
8395-488: The centre. In 2008, Vice Chancellor Glyn Davis introduced a major restructure of the university's curriculum. The new structure, named the Melbourne Model , replaced traditional undergraduate specialist degrees with a two-degree undergraduate/graduate structure. Over 100 undergraduate degrees were replaced with six generalist degrees, with students taking a general bachelor's degree before specialising in either
8510-543: The city given the lack of train lines to these areas. Major bicycle trails lead to the CBD and a main bicycle path down Swanston Street. Ferries dock along the northbank of the Yarra at Federation Wharf and the turning basin at the Aquatic Centre . There is also a water taxi service to Melbourne and Olympic Parks. City of Melbourne has five sister cities. According to the City of Melbourne council, "the city as
8625-416: The city. In 1992, the street was made partially car-free, with limited exemptions for small freight, buses and private cars during certain times of the day. After that, proposals for the street to become entirely car-free gained momentum. On 27 January 2010, it was announced that the entire length of Swanston Street would become car free. The $ 25.6 million proposal included plans for several city squares along
8740-611: The council to relocate the large buses from the street where there was little space between buses and trams. Swanston Street was previously served by bus services to Gardenvale and Middle Brighton . When Melbourne-Brighton Bus Lines ' licence periodically came up for review, the Melbourne City Council and Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board always opposed. Finally the buses were removed from Swanston Street in October 1989, by which time they were operated by
8855-611: The earliest campus buildings, such as the Old Quad and Baldwin Spencer buildings, feature period architecture in a Gothic revival style. The Old Quadrangle underwent extensive restoration in 2019 to return to elements of the original design, including a dedicated temporary exhibition space in the Treasury Gallery. The new Wilson Hall replaced the original Gothic Revival building which was destroyed by fire. Recipients of
8970-444: The east and Elizabeth Street to the west. To the south it becomes St Kilda Road after the intersection with Flinders Street , whilst the road's northern end is in the suburb of Carlton at Melbourne Cemetery . This northern section was originally named Madeline Street. The street is named after merchant, banker and politician Charles Swanston . Swanston Street was one of the main north–south streets originally laid out as part of
9085-464: The east and north fringes. A hybrid rapid transit and heavy rail project known as the Metro Tunnel is currently under construction, with two stations in the city centre at the State Library and Town Hall. This will be the first rapid transit system to serve the city of Melbourne and the second of its kind in Australia. The Melbourne trams network is the world's largest, and most lines from
9200-588: The entrance to Victoria Parade as well as extensive gardens including the Melbourne Botanical Gardens and Jolimont Yard . The Central City is the core of Greater Melbourne's metropolitan area , and is a major financial centre in Australia and the Asia-Pacific region. It is home to Melbourne's famed alleyways and arcades and is renowned for its distinct blend of contemporary and Victorian architecture . In recent times, it has been placed alongside New York City and Berlin as one of
9315-503: The iconic brewing company Foster's Group . It also serves as the main administrative centre for the City of Melbourne as well as the State Government of Victoria – the latter with the suburb of East Melbourne . Two universities have major campuses in the area: the main city campus RMIT University ( city campus ), and three campuses for Victoria University (City King, Queen, Flinders campuses). The Victorian College of
9430-605: The idea of 'the CBD' or the central city, such as Parliament House and the Treasury buildings on Spring Street, which are officially in East Melbourne , and Southern Cross railway station on Spencer Street , which is officially in Docklands. Other areas have in the last 30 years become heavily developed with apartments, office buildings and important functions similar to the CBD, and are sometimes incorporated, such as
9545-635: The indigenous Aboriginal group, the Wathaurong of the Kulin nation alliance. Batman was dismayed to discover the settlers of the Enterprize had established a settlement in the area and informed the settlers that they were trespassing on the Association's land. However, according to the Proclamation of Governor Bourke , both the parties were in fact trespassing on Crown land . When Fawkner (who
9660-565: The largest in Australia and the world. The Melbourne central business district is the transport hub of the city. Flinders Street station is the hub for Melbourne's suburban train network and the busiest station, Southern Cross station , which is the hub for regional and interstate transit located on Spencer Street , and the three underground stations of the Melbourne Underground Rail Loop – Parliament , Melbourne Central and Flagstaff stations are located on
9775-569: The library will start a-five to seven day strike. Union members are seeking a 15% increase in wages over the course of 3 years. On 24 April 2024, students occupied the South Lawn of Parkville campus in solidarity with international, grass-roots, student-lead Pro-Palestine movements . Concerns arose as students sought to keep the university accountable in its investments. More specifically, to disclose research and investment ties with Israeli Government companies, stocks, or bonds benefiting from
9890-641: The most dense section of the Melbourne tram network . Bordering its north-east perimeter is the World Heritage -listed Royal Exhibition Building and Carlton Gardens as well as the Melbourne Museum . Just to the south are the Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre , Crown Casino , Arts Centre Melbourne , and the National Gallery of Victoria The central business district is a major financial centre in Australia and
10005-695: The occupation of Palestine and the Gaza humanitarian crisis since October 7, 2023. Students occupied the Arts West building, "renaming" it Mahmoud's hall after a palestinian student who was expected commence his studies at the university but died in the Israel–Hamas war. On 29 April 2024, it was announced that Vice-Chancellor Maskell would step down from his position, partway through his second term, by early 2025. Despite efforts to comply with university policies while exercising their right to protest, on 14 May
10120-566: The poor employment and financial conditions of its highly casualised academic workforce. Over the 2010s the university increasingly casualised its workforce, with reports that between 47 and 72 per cent of its 11,000 employees were on casual contracts by 2023. In 2021 the State Government granted planning approval for a new campus for the university at the urban renewal precinct Fishermans Bend . The $ 2 billion campus, planned to open in 2026, will focus on engineering and forms part of
10235-495: The protests. On 30 September 2024, it was announced that Emma Johnston would be appointed the university’s next Vice-Chancellor, succeeding Maskell. Johnston will be the first woman to hold the position in the university’s history. The university has three other campuses in metropolitan Melbourne at Burnley, Southbank, and Werribee. The Burnley campus is where horticultural courses are taught. Performing arts , visual arts, film and television, and music courses are taught at
10350-597: The river all good water and very deep. This will be the place for a village. — Journal of John Batman (8 June 1835). Upon returning to Van Diemen's Land, Batman's treaty was deemed invalid by the Governor of New South Wales , Sir Richard Bourke , under the Proclamation of Governor Bourke in August 1835. It was the belief of Governor Bourke, as well as the Governor of Van Diemen's Land , Sir George Arthur , that
10465-669: The south-east of the Colony of New South Wales (the mainland Australian continent ). He sailed across Bass Strait , into the bay of Port Phillip , and arrived at the mouth of the Yarra River in May. After exploring the surrounding area, he met with the elders of the indigenous Aboriginal group, the Wurundjeri of the Kulin nation alliance, and negotiated a transaction for 600,000 acres (940 sq mi; 2,400 km ) which later became known as Batman's Treaty . The transaction, which
10580-641: The street and several large tram stops. Aside from trams, the only motorised vehicular access was for emergency vehicles and small-scale freight at certain times. The modifications to the street commenced in late 2011 and were completed in late 2012. Many of Melbourne's most noteworthy precincts and prominent buildings face Swanston Street as the city's historic main avenue, including: Both the University of Melbourne and RMIT University also have campus buildings fronting Swanston Street. Tram routes 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 , 16 , 64 , 67 and 72 currently run along
10695-452: The street, with the frequency of trams making Swanston Street the world's busiest tram corridor. Two of the busiest railway stations in Melbourne are located near the street, with the hub Flinders Street station at its southern end and, further north, the underground Melbourne Central station at the intersection of La Trobe Street. The Metro Tunnel is being constructed under Swanston Street, and should be completed in 2025. Swanston Street
10810-617: The street. The move attracted opposition from the Public Transport Users Association , Australian Greens and Bicycle Victoria . The idea was rejected and, by January 2010, plans to make the entire length of Swanston Street in the city car-free were announced by the Lord Mayor himself, a complete reversal of his previous stance. Many marches, rallies and protests involve the use of Swanston Street, resulting in planned and unplanned road closures. The street
10925-592: The suburbs run down one of the streets of the CBD, with Swanston Street hosting of six lines, making it one of the world's busiest tram corridors. Trams also run along Flinders, Collins, Bourke, La Trobe , Spencer, Market , Elizabeth , and Spring Streets. In recent years nearly all CBD tram stops have been rebuilt as larger all-accessibility "superstops". The city is also well connected by bus services, with majority of buses running down Lonsdale Street , with major bus stops at Melbourne Central and Queen Victoria Village . Most bus routes service suburbs north and east of
11040-535: The tallest buildings, which until the 2000s were all office towers, and the three tallest buildings in Australia in the 1980s and 1990s were all in the Melbourne CBD. Almost all the major theatres in Melbourne are located in the CBD or its fringes. Historic theatres including the Princess Theatre , Regent Theatre , Forum Theatre , Comedy Theatre , Athenaeum Theatre , Her Majesty's Theatre , and
11155-689: The university administration to disband encampments in exchange for disclosure of endowment investments and research ties with weapons manufacturers. However, as of 23 May, protesters and university are at a stalemate, citing lack of correspondence from the latter, with encampments remaining in place. The university is subject to an investigation by the Office of the Victorian Information Commissioner to investigate whether it breached privacy laws after allegedly using surveillance technology to identify students who participated in
11270-417: The university announced further job losses, despite the university running an $ 8m surplus in 2020. Eleven subjects were cut as part of the savings measures including a number of specialist scientific subjects, a move criticised by Nobel Laureate Peter Doherty and others. The halting of international student arrivals as part of the Australian pandemic response was projected to cause a major loss in revenue for
11385-454: The university announced it was axing 450 staff in the institution's largest ever layoff of academic staff, despite a planned expenditure of $ 4.2 billion for capital works over the decade from 2020. Similarly, in semester two of 2021, the majority of teaching was once again moved to online delivery due to the outbreak of the Delta variant of COVID-19 and ensuing lockdowns in Victoria. In response
11500-427: The university issued a breach notice, warning students of potential expulsion and faculty of disciplinary actions if protest activities continued. The notice also referenced the possibility of state law enforcement involvement, though no intervention occurred as the protests remained peaceful. On the evening of 22 May, University of Melbourne for Palestine representatives announced that an agreement had been met with
11615-447: The university was made possible by the wealth resulting from Victoria's gold rush . The institution was designed to be a "civilising influence" at a time of rapid settlement and commercial growth. In 1881, the admission of women was seen as a victory over the more conservative ruling council. Julia 'Bella' Guerin graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1883, and became the first woman to graduate from an Australian University. Early in
11730-532: The university's Sidney Myer Asia Centre Building were broken and the building was graffitied with a message accusing the university of contributing to an unsafe environment for transgender individuals. In August 2023, all National Tertiary Education Union members who work in the Faculty of Arts, Melbourne Law School, the Victorian College of the Arts School of Art, student services, stagecraft and
11845-438: The university's campuses. The Melbourne School of Land and Environment was disestablished on 1 January 2015. Its agriculture and food systems department moved alongside veterinary science to form the Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences , while other areas of study, including horticulture, forestry, geography and resource management, moved to the Faculty of Science in two new departments. In 2019, allegations of
11960-495: The university's purpose-built creative arts home. A$ 200 million major capital works project at the campus was completed in 2019. The project includes the construction of a new state-of-the-art conservatorium for music and the conversion of historically important buildings for use as education and research facilities. In 2011, the Victorian State Government allocated $ 24 million to support arts education at
12075-480: The university. In 2019 and 2020 the university was also involved in wage theft and underpayment controversies towards its large teaching workforce of casual staff , and began repaying casual tutors for unpaid marking. The university was accused of owing Faculty of Arts teaching staff an estimated $ 6 million. In 2021 the Vice-Chancellor issued an apology for systematically underpaying staff, saying there
12190-483: The vice-chancellor and principal, approving the strategic direction and annual budget, establishing operational policies and procedures and overseeing academic and commercial activities as well as risk management. The chair of the council is the "chancellor". The "academic board" oversees learning, teaching and research activities and provides advice to the council on these matters. The "committee of convocation" represents graduates and its members are elected in proportion to
12305-539: The world's great street art meccas , and designated a "City of Literature" by UNESCO in its Creative Cities Network. In April 1835, John Batman , a prominent grazier and a member of the Geelong and Dutigalla Association (later Port Phillip Association ), sailed from Launceston on the island of Van Diemen's Land (now the State of Tasmania ), aboard the schooner Rebecca , in search of fresh grazing land in
12420-574: Was at first accommodated within the Hoddle Grid, but the huge surge in immigration brought about by the Gold Rush in the 1850s quickly outgrew the grid spreading into the first suburbs in Fitzroy and South Melbourne (Emerald Hill), and beyond. The Hoddle Grid and its fringes remained the centre and most active part of the city into the mid 20th century, with retail in the centre, banking and prime office space on Collins Street , medical professionals on
12535-534: Was commissioned by the City of Melbourne, and published in 1964. The maps used in the report show the CBD as just the Hoddle Grid, plus the parallel streets immediately to the north, and the area between Flinders Street and the river, very similar to the ABS area. Since 1999, the Melbourne Planning Scheme has included a 'Capital City Zone' which is a much larger area, including the former CBD, minus
12650-556: Was established in 1857 at the Parkville campus, following which a Faculty of Engineering and School of Medicine were established in 1861 and 1862 respectively. The university's residential colleges were first opened on the northern aspect of the campus in 1872, divided between the four main Christian denominations. The first chancellor, Redmond Barry (later Sir Redmond), held the position until his death in 1880. The inauguration of
12765-468: Was established to teach the scientific basis of dentistry at the university. Agriculture was established in 1911 following the appointment of the State Director of Agriculture as the first professor. During this period the university became a notable site for research, emerging as a leader in Australia. Following World War II the demand for higher education increased rapidly, and as a result became
12880-448: Was founded in 1853, and is located just north of Melbourne's central business district. There is a diverse range of cafés, two gyms, five university libraries, a bank branch, Australia Post parcel lockers, a bike shop, a boutique supermarket and a small pharmacy located on the Parkville campus. The campus is located within a broader knowledge precinct, which encompasses eight hospitals, and many other leading research institutes. Several of
12995-507: Was noted for his democratic nature) arrived in October, and following tense arguments between the two parties, negotiation were made for land to be shared equally. As Fawkner had arrived after the two parties, he was aware of the Proclamation of Governor Bourke , which had gained approval from the Colonial Office in October. He knew that cooperation would be vital if the settlement was to continue to exist fait accompli . Land
13110-431: Was then divided, and the settlement existed peacefully, but without a formal system of governance. It was referred to by a number of names, including: "Batmania" and "Bearbrass" of which the latter was agreed upon by Batman and Fawkner. Fawkner assumed a leading role in the establishment of Bearbrass; which, by early 1836, consisted of 177 European settlers (142 male and 35 female settlers). The Secretary of State for
13225-528: Was “a systemic failure of respect from this institution" towards casual staff that resulted in underpaying 1,000 staff members and requiring the university to pay back $ 9.5 million. This followed a campaign by the National Tertiary Education Union's University of Melbourne Casuals Branch, which engaged in a series of protests, including one outside the Vice Chancellor's residence. The university came under sustained criticism over
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