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31-628: Promotora de Informaciones, S.A. ( PRISA ) is a Spanish media conglomerate headquartered in Madrid, Spain . It is one of the largest media companies in Spain and all of Latin America , producing a wide variety of educational, cultural and informative content. PRISA owns a portfolio of newspapers, magazines, radio stations, and television networks. The majority subsidiaries and brands of the company are El País , Los 40 , and Santillana . The PRISA group
62-495: A " corporation , partnership , association, joint-stock company , trust , fund , or organized group of persons , whether incorporated or not, and (in an official capacity) any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, or similar official, or liquidating agent , for any of the foregoing". Less common types of companies are: When "Ltd" is placed after the company's name, it signifies a limited company, and "PLC" ( public limited company ) indicates that its shares are widely held. In
93-598: A company is a body corporate or corporation company registered under the Companies Acts or under similar legislation. Common forms include: In the United Kingdom, a partnership is not legally a company, but may sometimes be referred to (informally) as a "company". It may be referred to as a "firm" . In the United States , a company is not necessarily a corporation. For example, a company may be
124-445: A number of companies ( subsidiaries ) engaged in generally unrelated businesses. Some media conglomerates use their access in multiple areas to share various kinds of content such as: news, video and music, between users. The media sector's tendency to consolidate has caused formerly diversified companies to appear less diverse to prospective investors in comparison with similar companies that are traded publicly and privately. Therefore,
155-463: Is a company that owns numerous companies involved in mass media enterprises, such as music , television , radio , publishing , motion pictures , video games , amusement park , or the Internet . The weekly magazine The Nation commented, "Media conglomerates strive for policies that facilitate their control of the markets around the world." A conglomerate is a large company composed of
186-444: Is a legal entity representing an association of legal people, whether natural , juridical or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared goals. Over time, companies have evolved to have the following features: "separate legal personality, limited liability, transferable shares, investor ownership, and a managerial hierarchy". The company, as an entity,
217-641: Is less diversity in news and entertainment and therefore less competition. This can result in the reduction of different points of view as well as vocalization about different issues. There is also a lack of ethnic and gender diversity as a majority of those in media are white, middle-class men. There is a concern that their views are being shared disproportionately more than other groups, such as women and ethnic minorities. Women and minorities also have less ownership of media. Women have less than 7 percent of TV and radio licenses, and minorities have around 7 percent of radio licenses and 3 percent of TV licenses. In
248-699: Is the editorial division of the group, present in Spain and 21 Latin American countries for more than 50 years. It includes the publishing houses Santillana Educación, Moderna or Santillana Français and has three digital education systems: Sistema UNO, Santillana COMPARTIR and Santillana virtual class. PRISA also offers educational services and content (comprehensive solutions, textbooks, digital resources, support material, etc.) at all educational stages and published in Spanish, Portuguese and English. And it also provides advice to schools, which reinforces its commitment to
279-527: The Digital+ channel marketed under the name Canal+ España to Telefónica for an estimated amount of 750 million euros. In 2016 it became known that PRISA had paid its board members 80 million Euros since 2012, despite deep cuts and layoffs in the newsrooms of El Pais, and a "95 percent crash in Prisa´s stock over the past 5 years" as well as debt of at least 1.5 billion Euros. In July 2017, Altice announced
310-674: The Old French term compagnie (first recorded in 1150), meaning "society, friendship, intimacy; body of soldiers", which came from the Late Latin word companio ("one who eats bread with you"), first attested in the Salic law ( c. AD 500) as a calque of the Germanic expression gahlaibo (literally, "with bread"), related to Old High German galeipo ("companion") and to Gothic gahlaiba ("messmate"). By 1303,
341-877: The 2024 Forbes Global 2000 list, Comcast is the world's largest media conglomerate, in terms of revenue, with The Walt Disney Company , Warner Bros. Discovery , & Paramount Global completing the top four. In 1984, fifty independent media companies owned the majority of media interests within the United States. By 2011, 90% of the United States's media was controlled by six media conglomerates: GE/Comcast (NBC, Universal), News Corp (Fox News, Wall Street Journal , New York Post ), Disney (ABC, ESPN, Pixar), Viacom (MTV, BET, Paramount Pictures), Time Warner (CNN, HBO, Warner Bros.), and CBS (Showtime, NFL.com). Between 1941 and 1975, several laws that restricted channel ownership within radio and television were enacted in order to maintain unbiased and diverse media. However under
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#1732783054948372-434: The 2030 Agenda and acts as a transformative agent in education, helping to create better life opportunities for millions of students. In 2021, PRISA Media presented its new organizational structure,+ its Upper management, its Board of Directors and Board Committees: and its Santillana management team. Media conglomerate A media conglomerate , media company , media network , media group , or media institution
403-648: The Reagan administration, Congress and the Federal Communications Commission , then led by FCC Chairman Mark S. Fowler , began a concerted deregulation over the years 1981 and 1985. The number of television stations a single entity can own increased from seven to 12 stations. The industry continued to deregulate with enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 . Signed by President Bill Clinton on 8 February 1996, it
434-471: The acquisition of Media Capital, a Portuguese company dedicated to the media, which in particular owns TVI, Prisa, for approximately 440 million euros, but which shortly after refused to sell it to Altice. In October 2017, Juan Luis Cebrián agreed to step down after chairing PRISA for "more than three decades". In October 2020, Santillana Spain was sold to the Finnish group Sanoma for 465 million euros, as
465-606: The company announced to the National Securities Market Commission. In January 2021, French conglomerate Vivendi announced the acquisition of a stake in the capital of Prisa, amounting to 9.9%. Prisa TV was the company's audiovisual division. In Spain, its predecessor Sogecable launched the country's first pay channel ( Canal+ ) and the first satellite payment platform (Canal Satélite Digital/Digital+), sold in May 2015 to Telefónica , giving birth to
496-678: The concentration of multiple media enterprises in a few companies. This concentration is an ongoing concern for the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission , the Australian Communications and Media Authority , the Philippine National Telecommunications Commission , and New Zealand's Broadcasting Standards Authority . Other countries that have large media conglomerates with impacts on
527-761: The current Movistar Plus+ platform. Prisa Radio is the company's radio division. It is the largest radio group in the Spanish language, with approximately 22 million listeners between Spain and Latin America. In Spain, it owns the most listened to general radio station in the country, Cadena SER, and the music stations: Los 40 (current music), Los 40 Classic (vintage music), Los 40 Dance (electronic music), Los 40 Urban (music Latin), Cadena Dial (music in Spanish) and Radiolé (Spanish music). In Latin America, it has more than 1,250 stations, including its own, owned and associated stations, in countries such as Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama and Mexico. Grupo Santillana
558-597: The legal context, the owners of a company are normally referred to as the "members". In a company limited or unlimited by shares (formed or incorporated with a share capital), this will be the shareholders . In a company limited by guarantee , this will be the guarantors. Some offshore jurisdictions have created special forms of offshore company in a bid to attract business for their jurisdictions. Examples include segregated portfolio companies and restricted purpose companies. However, there are many sub-categories of company types that can be formed in various jurisdictions in
589-421: The merging of entertainment and news ( sensationalism ) at the expense of the coverage of serious issues. They are also accused of being a leading force behind the standardization of culture (see globalization , Americanization ) and are frequently criticized by groups that perceive news organizations as being biased toward special interests of the owners. Because there are fewer independent media, there
620-496: The nation began to speculate how it might negatively impact society at large. In the case of Minot, North Dakota , the concerns regarding media consolidation is realized. On 18 January 2002, a train containing hazardous chemicals derailed in the middle of the night, exposing countless Minot residents to toxic waste. Upon trying to get out an emergency broadcast, the Minot police were unable to reach anyone. They were instead forwarded to
651-423: The reputation of the exchange or particular market of an exchange. Private companies do not have publicly traded shares, and often contain restrictions on transfers of shares. In some jurisdictions, private companies have maximum numbers of shareholders. A parent company is a company that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors;
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#1732783054948682-441: The resulting entities are often known as corporate groups . A company can be defined as an "artificial person", invisible, intangible, created by or under law, with a discrete legal capacity (or "personality"), perpetual succession , and a common seal . Except for some senior positions, companies remain unaffected by the death, insanity, or insolvency of an individual member. The English word, " company ", has its origins in
713-524: The same automated message, as all the broadcast stations in Minot were single-handedly owned by IHeartMedia . As the FCC reviews media ownership rules, broadcasters continued to petition it for the elimination of all rules, while those who are against this easing would often cite the incident in Minot as how consolidation could be harmful. Canada, Australia, the Philippines, and New Zealand also experience
744-705: The share of the group in the Spanish press market was only 15%. As of 2010, it was controlled by Nicolas Berggruen . At the end of 2010 the US hedge fund Liberty Acquisitions Holdings acquired 51% of the company. In March 2014, Prisa sold part of the Grupo Santillana , the Alfaguara publishing house, to Penguin Random House for 72 million euros. In 2014, the Prisa group closed the sale of its 56% stake in
775-760: The term media group may also be applied, however, it has not yet replaced the more traditional term. Critics have accused the large media conglomerates of dominating the media and using unfair practices. During a protest in November 2007, critics such as Jesse Jackson spoke out against consolidation of the media. This can be seen in the news industry, where corporations refuse to publicize information that would be harmful to their interests. Because some corporations do not publish any material that criticizes them or their interests, media conglomerates have been criticized for limiting free speech or not protecting free speech. These practices are also suspected of contributing to
806-543: The word company referred to trade guilds . The usage of the term company to mean "business association" was first recorded in 1553, and the abbreviation "co." dates from 1769. According to the Company Law of the People's Republic of China , companies include the limited liability company and joint-stock limited company which founded in the mainland China. In English law and in legal jurisdictions based upon it,
837-862: The world include: Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, France, China, Mexico and Brazil. Media conglomerates outside of the United States include Fujisankei Communications Group ( Fuji Television ), Yomiuri Shimbun Holdings , Hubert Burda Media , ITV , ProSiebenSat.1 , Mediaset , Axel Springer , JCDecaux , China Central Television , Alibaba Group , ABS-CBN Corporation , GMA Network , MediaQuest Holdings , Radio Philippines Network , Aliw Broadcasting Corporation , Advanced Media Broadcasting System , People's Television Network , Intercontinental Broadcasting Corporation , Presidential Broadcast Service , Viva Communications , Prasar Bharati , The Asahi Shimbun , Grupo Televisa , TV Azteca , Grupo Imagen , Grupo Globo , Baidu , GMM Grammy and Bertelsmann . Company A company , abbreviated as co. ,
868-406: The world. Companies are also sometimes distinguished for legal and regulatory purposes between public companies and private companies . Public companies are companies whose shares can be publicly traded, often (although not always) on a stock exchange which imposes listing requirements / Listing Rules as to the issued shares, the trading of shares and future issue of shares to help bolster
899-415: Was considered by the FCC to be the "first major overhaul of telecommunications law in almost 62 years". In the radio industry, the 40-station ownership cap was lifted, leading to an unprecedented amount of consolidation. Since this period, IHeartMedia grew from 40 stations to 1200 stations, in all 50 states, while Viacom grew to owning 180 stations across 41 markets. As media consolidation grew, some in
930-501: Was created by the state which granted the privilege of incorporation. Companies take various forms, such as: A company can be created as a legal person so that the company itself has limited liability as members perform or fail to discharge their duties according to the publicly declared incorporation published policy. When a company closes, it may need to be liquidated to avoid further legal obligations. Companies may associate and collectively register themselves as new companies;
961-410: Was founded in 1972 The company was established as part of the Spanish transition towards democracy. by Jesús de Polanco , who was the major shareholder and the president of the company until his death on 21 July 2007. The other founder was José Ortega Spotorno, the son of the philosopher Ortega y Gasset . The son of Jesús de Polanco, Ignacio Polanco , succeeded him as the president of PRISA. In 2006,