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35-510: A 276 ha (680 acres) site comprising the whole of Possession Island has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports about 111,000 breeding pairs of Adélie penguins , based on ground counts made from 1981 to 2012. A significant south polar skua colony is also present on the island. Named features, from south to north, are: 71°59′S 171°06′E  /  71.983°S 171.100°E  / -71.983; 171.100 . Small island which

70-649: A further permanent station with the help of governor John Franklin before waiting for summer. Ross crossed the Antarctic Circle on 1 January 1841. Shortly after, he discovered the Ross Sea and Victoria Land , charting 900 km (560 mi) of new coastline, reaching Possession Island on 12 January and Franklin Island on 27 January (which Ross named after John Franklin ). He then reached Ross Island , later named after him by Robert F. Scott , with

105-481: A population of a species categorized by the IUCN Red List as Critically Endangered , Endangered or Vulnerable . In general, the regular presence of a Critical or Endangered species, irrespective of population size, at a site may be sufficient for a site to qualify as an IBA. For Vulnerable species, the presence of more than threshold numbers at a site is necessary to trigger selection. The site forms one of

140-429: A set selected to ensure that all restricted-range species of an Endemic Bird Area (EBA) or a Secondary Area (SA) are present in significant numbers in at least one site and preferably more. The site forms one of a set selected to ensure adequate representation of all species restricted to a given biome, both across the biome as a whole and for all of its species in each range state. The assessment by expert individuals

175-566: Is a lake with two islands, named after the ships Terror and Erebus . Ross remained an officer in the Royal Navy for the rest of his life and was subsequently promoted several times, his final rank being Rear-Admiral of the Red awarded in August 1861. Ross died at Aston Abbotts on 3 April 1862, five years after his wife. They are buried together in the parish churchyard of St. James

210-618: Is completely lacking. In 1985, following a specific request from the European Economic Community , Birdlife International drew up a list of sites to be protected as a matter of priority. In 1989, a repertoire of IBAs of Europe was released. At first the official name of this type of site was Important Bird Area , hence the acronym IBA, then at the BirdLife World Congress held in Canada in 2014 it

245-481: Is however not entirely reliable and a study in South America found that the coverage needed for at-risk bird conservation as chosen by computational algorithms rarely overlapped with IBAs and suggested that such methods should be used to complement expert driven IBA site choices. James Clark Ross Sir James Clark Ross DCL FRS FLS FRAS (15 April 1800 – 3 April 1862)

280-925: Is the southernmost of the Possession Islands, lying east of the south end of the Adare Peninsula . Named by a Norwegian expedition of 1894-95, led by Bull and Kristensen, for Messrs. Thos, Joh. Heftye and Son of Christiania (now Oslo ), shareholders in the expedition ship Antarctic . 71°59′S 171°06′E  /  71.983°S 171.100°E  / -71.983; 171.100 . Rocky island between Kemp Rock and Heftye Island. Mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960–63. Named by United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Henrik Johan Bull who, with Captain Leonard Kristensen, explored this area in 1895 in

315-719: The Antarctic Peninsula . The next winter, the expedition overwintered in the Falkland Islands before returning to survey the Antarctic Peninsula over the summer of 1842–1843. Ross attempted to penetrate south at about 55° W, and explored the eastern side of what is now known as James Ross Island , discovering and naming Snow Hill Island and Seymour Island . Ross reported that Admiralty Sound appeared to him to have been blocked by glaciers at its southern end. The expedition's main aim

350-778: The Southern Cross . [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey . Important Bird Area An Important Bird and Biodiversity Area ( IBA ) is an area identified using an internationally agreed set of criteria as being globally important for the conservation of bird populations. IBA was developed and sites are identified by BirdLife International . There are over 13,000 IBAs worldwide. These sites are small enough to be entirely conserved and differ in their character, habitat or ornithological importance from

385-712: The British Magnetic Survey, a magnetic survey of Great Britain , with Edward Sabine , John Phillips and Humphrey Lloyd . This also included some work on geomagnetic measurements in Ireland in 1834–1835, working with Sabine and Lloyd. In 1837, Ross assisted in T. C. Robinson's improvement of the dip circle during the survey; anomalous results had been discovered by Ross in 1835 in Westbourne Green . In 1838, Ross completed magnetic observations at 12 different stations throughout Ireland. The survey

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420-741: The British flag there on Jan. 12, 1841. 71°52′S 171°10′E  /  71.867°S 171.167°E  / -71.867; 171.167 . Peak, 110 metres (360 ft) high, on the southwest extremity of Possession Island. Named by the British Antarctic Expedition, 1898-1900, presumably for A. Archer, Esq., of Australia, mentioned in the preface to Borchgrevink's "First on the Antarctic Continent", or for Colin Archer who designed Carsten Borchgrevink 's vessel,

455-538: The Great. Ross, played by British actor Richard Sutton , is a secondary character in the 2018 AMC television series The Terror , portrayed in a fictionalised version of his 1848 search for Franklin's lost expedition , as well as in the 2007 Dan Simmons novel on which the series is based. Ross is also mentioned continually by Jules Verne in his novel The Adventures of Captain Hatteras (for example, chapter XXV

490-498: The Possession Islands and this feature were photographed. 71°57′S 171°07′E  /  71.950°S 171.117°E  / -71.950; 171.117 . A pillar rock lying close east of Foyn Island. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1958-63. Named by US-ACAN for Robert D. Favreau, USMC, Navigator on the United States Navy Squadron VX-6 flight of Jan. 18, 1958, at

525-405: The area and landed on the Possession Islands in 1895. 71°54′S 171°11′E  /  71.900°S 171.183°E  / -71.900; 171.183 . A pillar rock lying close south of Possession Island. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1958-63. Named by US-ACAN for Paul B. Dickson, PHC, USN, Photographer of Squadron VX-6 on the flight of January 18, 1958, at

560-487: The expedition. 71°56′S 171°05′E  /  71.933°S 171.083°E  / -71.933; 171.083 . A small peak, 100 metres (330 ft) high, at the north end of Foyn Island. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1958-63. Named by US-ACAN for Lieutenant Commander John W. St. Marie, United States Navy, co-pilot on the Squadron VX-6 flight of Jan. 18, 1958, at which time

595-924: The far north of Canada, and James Ross personally planted the British flag at the pole. It was on this trip, too, that Ross charted the Beaufort Islands, later renamed Clarence Islands by his uncle. Ross then served as supernumerary-commander of HMS Victory in Portsmouth for 12 months. On 28 October 1834 Ross was promoted to captain. In December 1835 he offered his services to the Admiralty to resupply 11  whaling ships which had become trapped in Baffin Bay . They accepted his offer, and he set sail in HMS Cove in January 1836. The crossing

630-671: The mortar bombs they were designed to fire and constructed with extremely strong hulls, to withstand the recoil of the heavy weapons. The ships were selected for the Antarctic mission as being able to resist thick ice, as proved true in practice. En route to the Southern Ocean , Ross established magnetic measurement stations in Saint Helena , Cape Town , and Kerguelen before arriving in Hobart in early 1840 and establishing

665-408: The northeast tip of Somerset Island where he was frozen in at Port Leopold . In the spring, he and Leopold McClintock explored the west coast of the island by sledge. He recognized Peel Sound but thought it too ice-choked for Franklin to have used it. In fact, Franklin had used it in 1846 when the extent of sea ice had been atypically low. The next summer he tried to reach Wellington Channel but

700-428: The ship Antarctic and landed on the Possession Islands. 71°58′S 171°06′E  /  71.967°S 171.100°E  / -71.967; 171.100 . A large insular rock between Foyn Island and Bull Island. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-63. Named by US-ACAN for William R. Kemp, PHI, United States Navy, Photographer of Squadron VX-6 on the flight of January 18, 1958, at

735-578: The surrounding habitat. In the United States the program is administered by the National Audubon Society . Often IBAs form part of a country's existing protected area network, and so are protected under national legislation. Legal recognition and protection of IBAs that are not within existing protected areas varies within different countries. Some countries have a National IBA Conservation Strategy, whereas in others protection

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770-420: The time the Possession Islands and this feature were photographed. 71°56′S 171°04′E  /  71.933°S 171.067°E  / -71.933; 171.067 . The second largest island in the Possession Islands, lying 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) southwest of Possession Island. Named by a Norwegian expedition of 1894-95, led by Bull and Kristensen, for Svend Foyn , primary financer of

805-408: The time this feature was photographed. 71°52′S 171°12′E  /  71.867°S 171.200°E  / -71.867; 171.200 . Rocky island nearly 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) long, which is the northernmost and largest of the Possession Islands. Discovered by a British expedition under James Clark Ross , 1839-43, and so named by him in commemoration of the planting of

840-408: The time this feature was photographed. 71°55′S 171°11′E  /  71.917°S 171.183°E  / -71.917; 171.183 . Twin rocks lying 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) south of Possession Island. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-63. Named by US-ACAN for Captain Leonard Kristensen who, with H.J. Bull in the ship Antarctic, explored

875-801: The volcanoes Mount Erebus and Mount Terror , which were named for the expedition's vessels. They sailed for 250 nautical miles (460 km) along the edge of the low, flat-topped ice shelf they called variously the Barrier or the Great Ice Barrier, later named the Ross Ice Shelf in his honour. After being forced to overwinter in Tasmania , Ross returned to the Ross Sea in December 1841 before travelling east past Marie Byrd Land to

910-653: Was a British Royal Navy officer and explorer of both the northern and southern polar regions. In the Arctic , he participated in two expeditions led by his uncle, John Ross , and in four led by William Edward Parry : in the Antarctic , he led his his own expedition from 1839 to 1843. Ross was born in London, the son of George Ross and nephew of John Ross , under whom he entered the Royal Navy on 5 April 1812. Ross

945-466: Was also where he served as midshipman with Francis Crozier , who would later become his close friend and second-in-command. From 1829 to 1833 Ross again served under his uncle on John's second Arctic voyage. It was during this trip that a small party led by James Ross (including Thomas Abernethy ) located the position of the north magnetic pole on 1 June 1831, on the Boothia Peninsula in

980-684: Was an active participant in the Napoleonic Wars , being present at an action where HMS Briseis , commanded by his uncle, captured Le Petit Poucet (a French privateer) on 9 October 1812. Ross then served successively with his uncle on HMS Actaeon and HMS Driver . Ross participated in John's unsuccessful first Arctic voyage in search of a Northwest Passage in 1818 aboard Isabella . Between 1819 and 1827 Ross took part in four Arctic expeditions under William Edward Parry , taking particular interest in magnetism and natural history. This

1015-638: Was blocked by ice and returned to England. Ultimately every member of Franklin's expedition perished. Ross married Ann Coulman in 1843. A blue plaque marks Ross's home in Eliot Place, Blackheath, London . His closest friend was Francis Crozier, with whom he sailed many times. He also lived in the ancient House of the Abbots of St. Albans in Buckinghamshire . In the gardens of the Abbey there

1050-489: Was completed in 1838; some supplementary measurements by Robert Were Fox were also used. On 8 April 1839, Ross was given orders to command an expedition to Antarctica for the purposes of 'magnetic research and geographical discovery'. Between September 1839 and September 1843, Ross commanded HMS  Erebus on his own Antarctic expedition and charted much of the continent's coastline. Captain Francis Crozier

1085-408: Was decided to adopt the name Important Bird and Biodiversity Area , without changing the acronym. IBAs are determined by an internationally agreed set of criteria. Specific IBA thresholds are set by regional and national governing organizations. To be listed as an IBA, a site must satisfy at least one of the following rating criteria: The site qualifies if it is known, estimated or thought to hold

Possession Islands - Misplaced Pages Continue

1120-527: Was difficult, and by the time he had reached the last known position of the whalers in June, all but one had managed to return home. Ross found no trace of this last vessel, William Torr , which was probably crushed in the ice in December 1835. He returned to Hull in September 1836 with all his crew in good health. From 1835 to 1839, except for his voyage with Cove, he was one of the principal participants in

1155-567: Was second-in-command of the expedition, commanding HMS  Terror , with senior lieutenant Archibald McMurdo . Support for the expedition had been arranged by Francis Beaufort , hydrographer of the Navy and a member of several scientific societies. On the expedition was gunner Thomas Abernethy and ship's surgeon Robert McCormick , as well as Joseph Dalton Hooker , who had been invited along as assistant ship's surgeon. Erebus and Terror were bomb vessels —an unusual type of warship named after

1190-579: Was sent on one of three expeditions to find John Franklin. Franklin's second in command was Ross's close friend Francis Crozier. The other expeditions sent to find Franklin were the Rae–Richardson Arctic expedition and the expedition aboard HMS Plover and HMS  Herald through the Bering Strait . He was given command of HMS  Enterprise , accompanied by HMS  Investigator . Because of heavy ice in Baffin Bay he only reached

1225-613: Was to find the position of the south magnetic pole . While Ross failed to reach the pole, he was able to determine its location. The expedition also produced the first accurate magnetic maps of the Antarctic. Ross's ships arrived back in England on 4 September 1843. He was awarded the Grande Médaille d'Or des Explorations in 1843, knighted in 1844, and elected to the Royal Society in 1848. On 31 January 1848, Ross

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