The Narentines were a South Slavic tribe noted as pirates on the Adriatic Sea in the 9th and 10th centuries. They occupied an area of southern Dalmatia centered at the river Neretva ( Narenta ). Named Narentani in Venetian sources, they were called Paganoi , "pagans", by the Greeks, as they were still pagan after the Christianization of the neighbouring tribes. They were fierce enemies of the Republic of Venice , attacking Venetian merchants and clergy traveling through the Adriatic, and even raiding close to Venice itself and defeating the doge several times. Venetian–Narentine peace treaties did not last long, as the Narentines quickly returned to piracy. They were finally defeated in a Venetian crackdown at the turn of the 10th century and disappeared from sources by the 11th century.
100-518: The word Narentine is a demonym derived from the local Neretva River ( Latin : Narenta ). The terms "Narentines", "Pagania" or "Pagans" are found in two contemporary sources: De Administrando Imperio ( DAI ), a mid-10th century Greek work, and Chronicon Venetum et Gradense , a Venetian chronicle by John the Deacon from the early 11th century. In De Administrando Imperio of Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (r. 913–959),
200-605: A Narentine leader having been baptized in Venice, for greater security for the latter; however, the Narentines are unsteady and deceptive as their sea; as soon as events in Venice or the Adriatic worsen, the Narentines continued their piracy. One of their attacks in 834–835, when they robbed and killed some Venetian merchants returning from Benevento, caused great resentment against them in Venice. In order to stop these assaults,
300-494: A Person From...? A Dictionary of Resident Names (the first edition of Labels for Locals ) Dickson attributed the term to George H. Scheetz, in his Names' Names: A Descriptive and Prescriptive Onymicon (1988), which is apparently where the term first appears. The term may have been fashioned after demonymic , which the Oxford English Dictionary defines as the name of an Athenian citizen according to
400-587: A brief period (1813–1814), but from 1814 until the end of World War I in 1918, Budva remained under Austria-Hungary . The southernmost fortress in the Austro-Hungarian empire, Fort Kosmač , was constructed nearby to guard the road from Budva to Cetinje . After the war, the Serbian army entered Budva after it was abandoned by Austrian forces and it came under the Kingdom of Yugoslavia . In 1941, with
500-457: A clan, or gens ') is a word that identifies a group of people (inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place (hamlet, village, town, city, region, province, state, country, and continent). Demonyms are used to designate all people (the general population) of a particular place, regardless of ethnic, linguistic, religious or other cultural differences that may exist within
600-573: A crowded beach resort, with a lively and vibrant atmosphere and a very active nightlife. Mogren Beach is arguably the best known and most attractive of the Budva city beaches, nested beneath the cliffs of the Spas hill, between cape Mogren and the Avala hotel. The beach stretches over 350 metres (1,150 ft) and is divided into two distinct areas, Mogren 1 and Mogren 2. The beach is separated from Budva by
700-633: A four-year term. Mayor of Budva is the head of the town and Municipality of Budva. He acts on behalf of the Town, and performs an executive function in the Municipality Budva. Current mayor is Milo Božović , member of the Democratic Front . List of Mayors since Montenegrin independence (2006–present): Budva is the administrative centre of Budva municipality, which includes the neighbouring towns of Bečići and Petrovac , and has
800-530: A native of the United Kingdom may be called a British person , a Briton or, informally, a Brit . Some demonyms may have several meanings. For example, the demonym Macedonians may refer to the population of North Macedonia , or more generally to the entire population of the region of Macedonia , a portion of which is in Greece . In some languages, a demonym may be borrowed from another language as
900-490: A nickname or descriptive adjective for a group of people: for example, Québécois , Québécoise (female) is commonly used in English for a native of the province or city of Quebec (though Quebecer , Quebecker are also available). In English, demonyms are always capitalized . Often, demonyms are the same as the adjectival form of the place, e.g. Egyptian , Japanese , or Greek . However, they are not necessarily
1000-492: A population of 19,218 (2011 census). The town itself has 13,338 inhabitants. Source: Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT, Census 2011 Source: Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT, Census 2011 The Old Town of Budva is situated on a rocky peninsula, on the southern end of Budva field. Archaeological evidence suggests that Illyrian settlement was formed on the site of the Old Town before Greek colonization of
1100-417: A similar fashion Croatian historian Ivo Goldstein asserted that the Narentines "could not be regarded neither Serbs nor Croats", but should be considered as part of Croatian history. In Serbian (e.g. Sima Ćirković ), and partly Croatian historiography, they are often considered as Serbs or Croats and their polity as part of medieval Serbian or Croatian state, but such a consideration is not taking into account
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#17327718199031200-446: A truncated form of the toponym , or place-name.) "-ish" is usually proper only as an adjective. See note below list. -ene Often used for Middle Eastern locations and European locations. -ensian -ard -ese, -nese or -lese "-ese" is usually considered proper only as an adjective, or to refer to the entirety. Thus, "a Chinese person" is used rather than "a Chinese". Often used for Italian and East Asian, from
1300-561: Is a historical festival called matrimonio in Venice commemorating the victory over the Narentines, held on Candlemas . The question of the ethnic designation of the tribe, whether it, apart from being Slavic, was to be described as Serb or Croat, is often found in historiography. The earliest information about the Narentines is from the early 9th century, compiled in the Chronicon Venetum et Gradense . The Venetian chronicle used
1400-539: Is a three-day long festive event in Budva, happening annually during late April or early May. It has been organized every year since 2003, and although a recent carnival, it has attracted significant regional attention. Budva, together with nearby Kotor , was host to the Federation of European Carnival Cities (FECC) World Carnival City Congress in May 2009. Budva city museum is one of the prominent cultural institutions in
1500-535: Is a town in the Coastal region of Montenegro . It has 19,218 inhabitants, and it is the centre of Budva Municipality . The coastal area around Budva, called the Budva Riviera , is the center of Montenegrin tourism, known for its well-preserved medieval walled city, sandy beaches and diverse nightlife. Budva is 2,500 years old, which makes it one of the oldest settlements on the Adriatic coast. In Serbian ,
1600-616: Is encountered also in Latinate names for the various people that ancient Romans encountered (e.g. Allemanni , Helvetii ). -i.e. is rather used for English places. -iot or -iote Used especially for Greek locations. Backformation from Cypriot , itself based in Greek -ώτης . -k -asque Often used for Italian and French locations. -(we)gian -onian Budva Budva ( Montenegrin : Будва , pronounced [bûːdv̞a] or [bûdv̞a] )
1700-547: Is mostly used by the natives in the province of Quezon , is also used for their local or native demonyms in English . -a(ñ/n)o/a, -e(ñ/n)o/a, or -i(ñ/n)o/a Adaptations from the standard Spanish suffix -e(ñ/n)o (sometimes using a final -a instead of -o for a female, following the standard Spanish suffix -e(ñ/n)a ) Countries and regions Cities -ite -(e)r Often used for European locations and Canadian locations -(i)sh (Usually suffixed to
1800-482: Is partly set in the eponymous casino in the fictional Montenegrin Hotel Splendide, thus giving a boost to Budva's profile as a gambling destination. Budva's marina , nestled to the north of the Old Town city walls, contributes to the image of Budva as a nautical tourism destination. Luxury yachts dominate marina berths during the summer, overshadowing small fishing vessels owned by the locals. Budva marina
1900-575: The Balšić family for some decades and shortly controlled by the Albanian Zaharia family in the 14th century. The Venetians ruled the town for nearly 400 years, from 1420 to 1797. Budva, called Budua in those centuries, was part of the of Albania Veneta and was fortified by powerful Venetian walls against Ottoman conquests. According to the historian Luigi Paulucci in his book "Le Bocche di Cattaro nel 1810" (The Bay of Kotor in 1810), most of
2000-599: The EX Yugoslavia region. However, the festival was cancelled in 2011 due to lack of funds, and has not been renewed since. In 2014, the Sea Dance Festival was organized at Budva's Jaz Beach for the first time. A spin-off of the Exit festival, Sea Dance is set to be an annual event. Jaz Beach rose to prominence as a concert and festival venue with The Rolling Stones concert held on 9 July 2007. The show
2100-529: The English language , there are many polysemic words that have several meanings (including demonymic and ethnonymic uses), and therefore a particular use of any such word depends on the context. For example, the word Thai may be used as a demonym, designating any inhabitant of Thailand , while the same word may also be used as an ethnonym, designating members of the Thai people . Conversely, some groups of people may be associated with multiple demonyms. For example,
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#17327718199032200-654: The Serbian principality . Petar and the Byzantine commander of Dyrrhachion Leo Rhabdouchos met in Narentine lands regarding an alliance against the Bulgars. Michael of Zahumlje , who had been pushed out from Zahumlje to the neighbouring islands by Petar, informed the Bulgars about these negotiations. In 917 Petar was tricked by the Bulgars, who then annexed Serbia in 924–927, until Časlav returned to Serbia and rebuilt
2300-988: The deme to which the citizen belongs, with its first use traced to 1893. Several linguistic elements are used to create demonyms in the English language . The most common is to add a suffix to the end of the location name, slightly modified in some instances. These may resemble Late Latin , Semitic , Celtic , or Germanic suffixes, such as -(a)n , -ian , -anian , -nian , -in(e) , -a(ñ/n)o/a , -e(ñ/n)o/a , -i(ñ/n)o/a , -ite , -(e)r , -(i)sh , -ene , -ensian , -ard , -ese , -nese , -lese , -i(e) , -i(ya) , -iot , -iote , -k , -asque , -(we)gian , -onian , -vian , -ois(e) , or -ais(e) . -(a)n Continents and regions Countries Constituent states, provinces and regions Cities -ian Countries Constituent states, provinces, regions and cities -anian -nian -in(e) -(h)in The Tayabas Tagalog suffix -(h)in , which
2400-477: The "complexity of multi-layered identities" by which "the Slavic population differentiated into more than two ethnogenetic nuclei". Croatian historian Mladen Ančić recently argued in his critical analysis of historical sources that Narentines/Paganians and Narentia/Pagania did not exist as a separate people and polity with such a name, they were called Humljani and Hum was located West of river Neretva, while East of it
2500-480: The 1980s, as hotel-attached dance clubs. However, the clubbing scene mushroomed in the 1990s, with numerous open-air clubs opening along the Budva sea promenade. This trend continued into the 2000s, with Old Town and its promenade hosting a large number of bars, pubs and restaurants, and two big clubs, Top Hill and Trocadero, dominating the clubbing scene. Budva is home to the Adriatic Fair (Jadranski sajam),
2600-441: The 2000s, with prices of real estate skyrocketing following Montenegrin independence . Overwhelming demand, fueled by the influx of foreign capital (in large part from Russia), meant that all the undeveloped lots in the Budva field and surrounding hills were quickly being turned into construction sites. Local and state authorities have failed to keep up with the developers, resulting in the unfortunate lack of urban planning in much of
2700-629: The 5th century BC. Originally, the site belonged to the state of Illyria. In the 6th century BC, during the Greek colonization of the Adriatic , a Greek emporium was established. In the 2nd century BC, the area of Budva became part of the Roman Republic and from 27 BC, of the Roman Empire . Upon the fall of the Empire and its division into east and west, the defensive barrier which separated
2800-544: The Adriatic increased and it became unsafe for travel. The first conflicts between the Venetians and Narentines came immediately before 830, around which time the first peace agreement was signed between the two (the Venetian Doge and Sclavorum de insula Narrentis ). Narentine Slavs sent envoys to Doge Giovanni I Participazio (r. 829–836). P. Skok believes this period also being the first contact between Venice and
2900-530: The Adriatic. While the site was permanently settled since Roman era, most of existing city walls and buildings were erected during the Venetian rule. The entire town is encircled with defensive stone walls . The fortifications of Budva are typical of the Medieval walled cities of the Adriatic, complete with towers , embrasures , fortified city gates and a citadel . Originally, there were gates on all of
3000-520: The Archon Peter, and from this political situation Constantine would have been able to write that the Pagans belonged to the Serbian tribe." Croatian historian Neven Budak also holds that remarks regarding the Narentines were related to the political situation at the time and that the dispute between Croatian and Serbian historiographies regarding Narentines ethnicity is pointless. Budak wrote that
3100-455: The Avar incursions. In 841, Budva was sacked by Muslim Saracens , who devastated the area. In the early Middle Ages , Budva was reigned by a succession of Doclean kings, as well as Serbian and Zetan aristocrats. c. 1200 , it became the see of a Roman Catholic Diocese of Budua , which lasted until 1828 and was nominally revived as a Latin titular bishopric . It was controlled by
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3200-611: The Balkans, and that these ethnic identities are the result of political rather than ethnic development related to respective principalities. He also noted that "it was stated in the DAI that the Serbs had been baptized much earlier, and therefore, the Pagans could not have belonged to the Serb tribe. There is information in chapter 32, that the Serbs controlled Pagania in ca. 895, during the rule of
3300-514: The Benedictine monastery of St Mary of Tremiti ; dux Marianorum and morsticus Jacobum (Jakov) from Split in the escort of Croatian king Demetrius Zvonimir and Stephen II of Croatia per three sources and Supetar Cartulary ; dux Marianorum and Morsticus Rusin during the reign of Demetrius Zvonimir and early 1090s per Supetar Cartulary ; rex of Croatia Slavac, brother of Rusin with ban Petar in 1090 per Supetar Cartulary . There
3400-622: The Bulgars and Arabs strengthened themselves thanks to this. Arabs took Crete in 825, Palermo in 831, Taranto in 839, then after destroying the Venetian navy by 840, they roamed freely in the Adriatic. In 841 Arabic ships attacked Adriatic cities and reached a confluence of the Padua river, while smaller contingents attacked Budva , Roza and Lower Kotor . In 842 the Arabs conquered Bari, and in 846 reached Rome itself. The Venetian navy, obliged to defend
3500-624: The Byzantine Adriatic, were occupied almost fully with battles with the Arabs. The Byzantine navy rarely appeared, and with small numbers of ships. This, and Arab harassment, gave the Slavic pirates around the Neretva upswing to develop their ship capabilities. When the Venetian navy was in Sicilian waters as guards in 827–828, the Narentines received momentum; when the Venetian navy returned, they calmed down. Venetian chronicles speak of
3600-701: The Croats after 876, the Venetians were still at war with the Narentines. In 880 the Venetian–Frankish treaty was renewed. In 887 Doge Pietro I Candiano sent troops against the Narentine Slavs, landing at the "Slavic Hill" ( mons Sclavorum ), putting the Slavs to flight. The Narentines were defeated in a battle in August 887 at Makarska, and their five ships were destroyed with axes. With help from neighbours,
3700-622: The Empire well. When Ragusa (Dubrovnik) asked for the emperor's help against the threat of the Saracens , he dispatched a strong navy into the Adriatic. Byzantine admiral Niketas Ooryphas took up closer contacts with the Slavic tribes around Ragusa, the Zachumlians , Travunians and Kanalites , and invited them to jointly combat the Saracens, both on land and sea, in 869. Only Slavic tribes of southern Dalmatia were called to cooperate; to
3800-620: The Italian suffix -ese , which is originally from the Latin adjectival ending -ensis , designating origin from a place: thus Hispaniensis (Spanish), Danensis (Danish), etc. The use in demonyms for Francophone locations is motivated by the similar-sounding French suffix -ais(e) , which is at least in part a relative (< lat. -ensis or -iscus , or rather both). -i(e) or -i(ya) Countries States, provinces, counties, and cities Mostly for Middle Eastern and South Asian locales. -i
3900-522: The Kingdom of Croatia. The recorded personalities are iudex Marianorum Drosaico (Družak) in 839 by Venetian chronicler John the Deacon (1008) records a renewal of Venetian–Narentine peace treaty signed by Drosaico ( Ad Narrantanas insulas cum Drosaico, Marianorum iudice, similiter fedus instituit ); iudex Marianorum and rex Marioanourm Berigoj from a 1050 charter by priest Ivan from Split giving himself and church of St. Sylvester on island Biševo to
4000-499: The Narentines again fell away from Byzantium; Košćak wanted to reduce Byzantine rule also to the south of Pagania, claiming that the provinces of Pagania, Zachumlia, Travunia and Duklja again came under Croat rule during Branimir (r. 879–892). This theory was criticized by Božidar Ferjančić . In modern historiography, Romanian-American historian Florin Curta agreed with those historians who "rightly interpreted as an indication that in
4100-493: The Narentines decisively defeated the Venetian navy on 18 September 887, with the Doge killed in action and his body left laying (Andrea Tribun later secretly took the body to Venice). From this time until 948 the Venetian chronicles do not mention conflicts with the Croats, which would mean that the Venetians offered peace and paid tribute to the Croats. Pagania was by the reign of Serbian ruler Petar Gojniković (r. 892–917) part of
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4200-583: The Narentines were "undoubtedly a distinct ethnic group", who "disappeared as a separate ethnicity when their principality was joined into Croatia". According to Croatian historian Hrvoje Gračanin both the account about the settlement of Croats in Pannonia and Serbs in Pagania and near principalities in DAI do not reflect Croatian or Serbian ethnic origin but rather a political rule during the 9th and 10th century. In
4300-473: The Narentines were at war with Venetian Doge Pietro III Candiano , who sent 33 war galleys under Urso Badovario and Pietro Rozollo; the Narentines managed to defend themselves. The Venetians were forced to pay tribute to the Narentines for safe sea passage. Serbia collapsed after Časlav's death in ca. 960, into smaller units. In 997, the Narentines increased raids against Latin and Venetian towns, and they had close ties with Croat ruler Svetoslav Suronja , who at
4400-400: The Narentines were called "pagans, because they did not accept baptism in the time when all Serbs were baptized", which is placed during Basil's rule. The Narentines are not mentioned in relation to the Byzantine military expedition on Bari dispatched by Basil I (r. 867–886), in which other Dalmatian Slavs participated. The Croats, Serbs, Zachlumians, Travunians, Konavlians, Ragusans, "with all
4500-589: The Narentines. The Venetians then interved and defeated the Narentines and their Croatian allies decisively on sea, resulting in Narentine power decline. The Neretljani principality in the 11th century was part of the Croatian Kingdom . On 9 May 1000, Venetian Doge Pietro II Orseolo decided to conquer the allied Croats and Narentines, protecting the interests of their trading colonies and the Latin Dalmatian citizenry. Without difficulty, he struck
4600-456: The Neretva population was "ever and always fully identical to the Croat [population], including also its Chakavian dialect" (1952). Serbian historiography in the 19th and 20th century often considered the Narentines to be Serbs. Vladimir Ćorović (1885–1941) treated the Narentines as the first of the Serb tribes to take the initiative of fighting, not for defence and tribal organization, but for
4700-579: The Old Town and to the west of it, along the 1600m long Slovenska beach, including the landmark Avala hotel (built in 1939), the Mogren hotel, and the Slovenska plaža hotel complex (built in 1984). Development near the Old Town and along the longest city beach was done in a planned and sustainable manner, with parts of Budva built in the SFRY having all the characteristics of a well-organized resort town. Most of
4800-645: The Santa Maria de Castello church, after which the entire complex was originally named, are located within the citadel. A large public square is located to the north of the citadel, containing all of the churches of the old town - St. Ivan Church (17th century), Santa Maria in Punta Church (840 AD), St Sava Orthodox Church (12th century), and The Holy Trinity Orthodox church (1804). The Old Town suffered extensive damage in 1979 earthquake ; repair and reconstruction took eight years (until 1987), but traces of
4900-641: The Serb origins of the Pagani-Narentani and Zahumljani remain a problematic issue, which is solely based only on the pseudo-historical story of the Serb migration in the seventh century. 43°09′02″N 17°23′17″E / 43.1505969°N 17.3879242°E / 43.1505969; 17.3879242 Demonym A demonym ( / ˈ d ɛ m ə n ɪ m / ; from Ancient Greek δῆμος ( dêmos ) 'people, tribe' and ὄνυμα ( ónuma ) 'name') or gentilic (from Latin gentilis 'of
5000-479: The Slavic ethnonym ( Latin : Narrentanos Sclavos ) to refer to the Narentines. De Administrando Imperio also gives information about the Narentines and there, the Narentines are described as descendants from the "unbaptized Serbs " that settled Dalmatia from an area near Thessaloniki while earlier coming there from White Serbia under the protection of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius (r. 610–641), and that are called as Pagans because they did not accept baptism at
5100-425: The Spas hill and is accessible from the old town by a concrete path running 150 metres (490 ft) along the cliffs. The remains of Mogren Fortress are accessible from hiking trails from Mogren 2. Other city beaches include the small Ričardova Glava Beach ("Richard's Head") and Pizana Beach , next to the Old Town, as well as the 1.6 km (1.0 mi) long Slovenska plaža ( Slav beach), that makes up most of
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#17327718199035200-597: The Venetian navy by the Arabs immediately after, the Venetians were unable to enter new fights with the Dalmatian Slavs. In 846 the Narentines reached close to Venice itself, and raided nearby Caorle . The arrival of Basil I (r. 867–886) to the Byzantine throne led to important changes in Byzantium; energetic, he managed to enter closer ties with the Bulgarians , and even the distant Croats , and protected
5300-547: The Venetians undertook a large expedition against the Dalmatian Slavic pirates in 839. Doge Pietro Tradonico sent warships against the Slavic lands ( Sclavenia ). According to F. Šišić Doge Pietro ordered an attack on the Narentines in the spring of 839. According to V. Klaić , Tradonico had first defeated and made peace with the Croats under Mislav, then proceeded to attack the Narentine islands and make peace with Narentine leader Drosaico. There are no information on
5400-427: The account is rather a political "ante-dating by three centuries the state of affairs in his own day". Croatian historian Vladimir Košćak believed that the Narentines were under Croat rule from Trpimir until Domagoj (d. 876), and that after the latter's death, they sent emissaries to Basil I and recognized his rule, which was however short-lived as spanning only to the fall of Byzantine protégé Zdeslav (879) when
5500-509: The area. Thus, large parts of Budva are connected with an irregular grid of narrow streets, and have overall inadequate infrastructure. This trend continues even today, with limited land forcing developers to turn to building towering high rises in place of small detached residences that made up for majority of Budva field in the early 1990s. The pressures of the real estate market and neglect of urban planning have resulted in chronic and severe lack of parking space, and frequent traffic jams during
5600-550: The beginning of World War II , Budva was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy . Budva was finally liberated from Axis rule on 22 November 1944 and incorporated in the Socialist Republic of Montenegro (which was a part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ). A catastrophic earthquake struck Budva on 15 April 1979. Much of old town was devastated, but today there is little evidence of
5700-546: The catastrophe – almost all the buildings were restored to their original form. Montenegro became an independent country in 2006, with Budva as its primary tourist destination. In 2022, the city became the center of Ukrainian, Russian, and Turkish immigrants in Montenegro after the Russian invasion of Ukraine , resulting in a sharp population increase. The municipal parliament consists of 33 deputies elected directly for
5800-493: The city's coast. However, majority of the beaches of Budva Riviera are outside the city itself. Jaz Beach is a long and spacious beach west of Budva, its hinterland serving as a popular concert and festival venue, as well as a campground. Bečići resort town, with its long sandy beach, is situated south-east of the city, separated from Budva by the Zavala peninsula. Further to the south, numerous small beaches and towns, make up
5900-400: The city's expanding urban area. The term Budvanizacija ("Budvanization") has been used regionally to denote a form of chaotic and massive urban growth, tailored to the needs of individual land owners and developers, without regard for sustainability or environment. Tourism is the main driver of the economy of Budva. It is a significant tourist destination on the eastern Adriatic, and by far
6000-450: The damage are now hardly noticeable. Today, it is a prime visitor attraction of Budva, packed with tourists during the summer months. Its narrow cobbled streets are lined with restaurants, cafes, pubs and shops. Although confined to the walls of the Old Town for most of its history, Budva started significant expansion into the adjacent Budva field in the 20th century, with the development of tourism industry. Hotels started springing up near
6100-564: The entire Old Town into an open-air venue for a programme of theatre, musical, literary and visual art events and performances. Another event in Budva was the Pjesma Mediterana ("Song of the Mediterranean "), annual pop musical festival, held in Budva from 1992 to 2010. Its format was similar to that of Sanremo Music Festival , featuring a competition of previously unreleased songs. The song contest attracted performers from
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#17327718199036200-458: The entire eastern Adriatic coastline - with only the Narentines offering him some resistance. As a counterattack, the Narentines kidnapped 40 of the foremost citizens of Zara (Zadar) and stole a transport of goods from Apulia . On their way home, Pietro II dispatched 10 ships that surprised them between Lastovo and Sušac and took them as prisoners to Trogir . Narentine emissaries came to the Doge's temporary residence at Split (Spalato) to beg for
6300-421: The fights that year, but it is known that peace was concluded with Croats and a part of the Narentines. Venetian chronicler John the Deacon (1008) records a renewal of the peace treaty signed by Drosaico ( ad Narrentanas insulas cum Drosaico, Marianorum iudice, similiter fedus instituit ). The peace with the Narentines did not last long, perhaps as the Narentines signed it to avoid danger, or more likely because it
6400-409: The four sides of the walled city. However, sea-facing gates were closed up over the years. The main city gate is Porta di Terra Ferma, the grand entry to the city from the west. It is also the beginning of the city's main thoroughfare, Njegoševa Street. There are also four more gates on the north wall, facing Budva marina (Porta Pizana, Porta Pizana 1 and 2, and Porta Pizanella), and one small gate facing
6500-634: The hotels and facilities built during this period are situated to the south of the town's main traffic artery, a portion of Adriatic Highway ( E65 / E80 ) that crosses the city parallel to the Slovenska plaža beach. However, the rest of the Budva field, to the north of the Adriatic Highway, developed in a less uniform manner. The western part of Budva field, containing a civic center (an area featuring local government offices, schools, sports center, police and fire station, health center and bus station), Rozino, Dubovica and Golubovina neighbourhoods,
6600-426: The inhabited cities of Mokron ( Makarska ), Beroullia (presumably Brela ), Ostrok ( Zaostrog ) and Slavinetza (near Gradac ), and the large islands of Kourkra/Kiker with a city ( Korčula ), Meleta/Malozeatai ( Mljet ), Phara ( Hvar ) and Bratzis ( Brač ). The Pagani raised flocks on the islands. Islands in the vicinity but not part of Pagania were Chora (presumably Sušac ), Iës ( Vis ) and Lastobon ( Lastovo ). Croatia
6700-448: The liberty of selfish desires and security raids. Serbian historian Mihailo Dinić (1899–1970) considered that it cannot be established the accuracy of the information, and possibly only represents political development and spreading of Serbian name through a larger tribal alliance until the 9th century. Czech historian Francis Dvornik in his analysis of DAI chapters concluded that they were more likely of Croatian than Serbian origin and
6800-409: The lower Neretva. The Slavs built a new town on the ruins of Narona, and erected a monument to their Slavic god Svetovid , on the ruins of Roman temples. According to Evans, Narentia became a stronghold for pagans in the Balkans, similarly to Balto-Slavs in Rügen (at Jaromarsburg ). In 642, Slavs invaded southern Italy and attacked Siponto , by ship from the Dalmatian coast. Slavic naval raids on
6900-588: The men of the towns of Dalmatia", crossed over the sea to Langobardia and took Bari. Basil returned Dalmatia under Byzantine rule by 878, and a large part of Dalmatia was put under the Patriarchate of Constantinople . The DAI claims that the Dalmatian Slavs asked Basil I to baptize them; the Christianization of the Narentines seems to have failed. According to Evans, the Narentines remained pagan until 873, when Byzantine admiral Ooryphas persuaded them to accept baptism. While Doge Orso I Participazio and his son Giovanni II Participazio made peace and an alliance with
7000-457: The mid-tenth century the coastal zhupanias were under the control of the Serbian zhupan Časlav, who ruled over the regions in the interior and extended his power westwards across the mountains to the coast". Serbian historian Tibor Živković also considered it a reflection of the political situation in the 10th century, that there's no certainty the Narentines and others were Serbs or Croats or separate tribes which arrived with Serbs or Croats to
7100-431: The middle Dalmatian islands. According to Šafárik (1795–1861), by the beginning of the 9th century their power had increased so much that Doge Giovanni I attacked them and then offered them peace. The Republic of Venice was de facto subordinate the Byzantine Empire , a period in which Venice expanded its trade relations towards the East. In the first half of the 9th century Byzantium was struck by internal unrest, while
7200-474: The more high end and exclusive part of Budva Riviera. This is especially true for the famous Sveti Stefan town, but also for other smaller Paštrovići settlements in the area, that once were unassuming fishing villages. The area of Sveti Stefan and Pržno, including Miločer resort with its park and secluded beaches, is considered the most exclusive area of the Montenegrin coast. The town of Petrovac and
7300-494: The most popular destination in Montenegro. During 2013, Budva recorded 668,931 tourist visits, and 4,468,913 overnight stays, thus accounting for 44,8% of tourist visits to Montenegro, and 47,5% of its overnight stays. Although Budva is notable for its long history and its well-preserved Old Town, it is not primarily known as a destination for sightseeing or cultural tourism. Unlike Kotor or Dubrovnik , Budva has an image of
7400-688: The north, the Croats and Dalmatians entered relations with Italian king Louis at the dismay of the Byzantines. When some "Slavs" (Narentines according to Narayan) in March 870 kidnapped the Bishop of Rome 's emissaries returning home from the Fourth Council in Constantinople , the Byzantines used this as a good pretext to attack and force them into submission (871). The DAI mentions that
7500-521: The only specialized exhibition venue in Montenegro. It hosts numerous trade fairs throughout the year, including the only auto show in Montenegro, held annually in autumn. Gambling tourism is also popular in Budva, as many hotels have attached casinos . Maestral hotel and casino in Pržno are particularly popular among international gamblers, but other large hotels have also attracted players from European countries. The 2006 James Bond film Casino Royale
7600-487: The polity mostly as Paganija (Паганија). In DAI's chapters Story of the province of Dalmatia and Of the Pagani, also called Arentani, and of the country they now dwell in , the geography of Pagania is described. Pagania had the counties ( župa (zoupanias) ) of Rhastotza, Mokros and Dalen. Rhastotza and Mokros lay by the coast, and had galleys, while Dalen was distant from the sea and was based on agriculture. Pagania had
7700-515: The population of that place. Examples of demonyms include Cochabambino , for someone from the city of Cochabamba ; Tunisian for a person from Tunisia; and Swahili , for a person of the Swahili coast . As a sub-field of anthroponymy , the study of demonyms is called demonymy or demonymics . Since they are referring to territorially defined groups of people, demonyms are semantically different from ethnonyms (names of ethnic groups ). In
7800-515: The population spoke the Venetian language until the beginning of the 19th century. One of the most renowned theater librettists and composers, Cristoforo Ivanovich , was born in Venetian Budua. Nevertheless, Budva was briefly under Ottoman rule between 1572 and 1573 due to conquest by Occhiali . It was returned to Venetians under conditions of Treaty of Constantinople (1573) . With the fall of Republic of Venice in 1797, Budva came under
7900-417: The release of the prisoners. They guaranteed that the Narentine prince himself would show up with his men and renounce the old rights to tax the Venetians for free passage. All prisoners were allowed to return to their homes, except for six that were kept as hostages. Lastovo and Korčula continued to oppose the Venetians. Korčula was conquered by Pietro II and Lastovo fell too after long bloody fights. As Lastovo
8000-613: The rule of the Habsburg monarchy . During the Napoleonic Wars , Montenegrin forces allied with Russia took control over the city in 1806, only to relinquish the city to France in 1807. French rule lasted until 1813, when Budva (along with Boka Kotorska ) was ceded to the Austrian Empire , which remained in control of the city for the next 100 years. A union of Boka Kotorska (and Budva) with Montenegro took place for
8100-445: The same, as exemplified by Spanish instead of Spaniard or British instead of Briton. English commonly uses national demonyms such as Brazilian or Algerian , while the usage of local demonyms such as Chicagoan , Okie or Parisian is less common. Many local demonyms are rarely used and many places, especially smaller towns and cities, lack a commonly used and accepted demonym altogether. National Geographic attributes
8200-406: The southwestern beach of Ričardova glava. The layout of the town is roughly orthogonal, although many streets deviate from the grid, resulting in somewhat irregular pattern, with many piazzas connected with narrow streets. Today, the entire city within the walls is pedestrian-only. The town citadel is situated on the southern tip of the city. Originally known as Castle of St Mary, fortification
8300-608: The state, in Byzantine alliance. Časlav's state included Pagania (the Narentines). In the 940s, the islands of Brač and Hvar , which had earlier become part of the Croatian kingdom , seceded during Ban Pribina 's rebellion and rejoined the Narentine province. The Narentines took advantage of the internal unrest in Croatia after the death of Krešimir I of Croatia (945) and took the islands of Sušac , Vis and Lastovo . In 948
8400-468: The summer. Even the water and electricity supply have failed to keep up with the explosive growth in the 2000s, but those issues have since been addressed. A testament to the urban sprawl, the city bypass (Obilaznica, a crescent road that circles the northern ends of Budva field, with ends connecting to the Adriatic Highway) is a bypass only in name, as it now a busy urban street, swallowed by
8500-641: The term demonym to Merriam-Webster editor Paul Dickson in a work from 1990. The word did not appear for nouns, adjectives, and verbs derived from geographical names in the Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary nor in prominent style manuals such as the Chicago Manual of Style . It was subsequently popularized in this sense in 1997 by Dickson in his book Labels for Locals . However, in What Do You Call
8600-717: The time fought his two brothers over the throne; this relation caused the Latin Dalmatian towns and Venice to turn against Svetoslav. In 998, the Republic of Venice, under the Byzantine Emperor, exerted control over the Byzantine Dalmatian towns; Dalmatian Croatia was in civil war; the Narentines were semi-independent, raiding the Adriatic, particularly against Venice. As Venice gained authority in Dalmatia, some Dalmatian towns that felt threatened allied with
8700-510: The time when all the Serbs were baptized. In the 19th century, historian Pavel Jozef Šafárik (1795–1861) said that the first information on Serbs in history was from events regarding the Narentines. Konstantin Josef Jireček (1854–1918) treated them as a distinct South Slavic tribe. Croatian historians Miho Barada (1889–1957) and Nada Klaić also defined them as "neither Croats nor Serbs". Croatian historian Ferdo Šišić (1869–1940) said that
8800-549: The town is known as Будва or Budva ; in Italian and Latin as Budua ; in Albanian as Budua , and in (classical/ancient) Greek as Bouthoe (Βουθόη) and Butua (Βουτούα). A legend recounts that Bouthoe (Βουθόη - Bouthoē ) was founded by Cadmus , the founder of Thebes, Greece , when exiled out of Thebes, finding a shelter in this place for him and his wife, goddess Harmonia . The first record of Budva dates back to
8900-464: The tribe is called Paganoi ( Greek : Παγανοὶ, Παγανοἰ ), and their polity Pagania (Παγανὶα, Παγανἰα), in Greek, while also noting that in Latin they are called Arentanoi (Αρεντανοἰ) and their polity Arenta (Αρεντα). Chronicler John the Deacon used the geographical term Narentani (as in princeps Narentanorum , Narrentanos Sclavos ). In Serbo-Croatian, the tribal name is rendered as Neretljani (Неретљани), Neretvani and Pagani (Пагани), while
9000-473: The two powers happened to run across this area, subsequently making a lasting impact on the history and culture of this town. In the 6th century, Budva was part of the Byzantine Empire , and in the following two centuries, Slavs and, to a lesser extent, Avars began to arrive in the area, mixing with the native Roman population. Budva bay was reportedly known as Avarorum sinus (Avar bay') during
9100-451: The undeveloped Buljarica field occupy the very south of the Budva municipality. Sveti Nikola Island is located opposite of Old Town, 1 kilometre (0.6 miles) across the Budva bay. Connected to the mainland via water bus , the island and its beaches are an excursion site for tourists visiting Budva. Budva is well known regionally as the capital of nightlife of the eastern Adriatic. The first discothèques in Budva started to emerge during
9200-590: Was Zachlumia ("behind Hum"). In the Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja , a work written by a Catholic bishop likely for a Croatian ruler in ca. 1300–10, the southern Dalmatian principalities are referred to as part of " Red Croatia ". While later parts of the Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja are considered of high value, events described in the early Middle Ages are largely discredited in historiography. However,
9300-409: Was continually rebuilt and expanded through Middle Ages, reaching its final form during the Austro-Hungarian rule. The sea-facing 160m long ramparts of the citadel, complete with eastern and western towers, are intricately connected to the rest of the city walls. Austrian stone barracks form the most prominent structure within the castle, separating the citadel from the rest of the walled city. Ruins of
9400-483: Was developed relatively in accordance with principles of urban planning. In contrast, the eastern part of the Budva field, and slopes of the hills surrounding it, saw the emergence of the chaotic urban sprawl . Spontaneous growth begun in the late 1980s and early 1990s, as a combination of high demand and inability of the state to enforce urban planning, as the Breakup of Yugoslavia took place. This trend continued into
9500-556: Was host to periodic boat shows , but in recent years it has been losing primacy to the larger and more luxurious Porto Montenegro. Budva was the host of the Class 1 World Powerboat Championship Grand prix in May 2008. Among the cultural events and establishments in the city, the annual cultural event Theatre City (Budva Grad Teatar) is of particular importance. Founded in 1987, and held in July and August every year, this festival transforms
9600-455: Was influential for the emergence of the idea of Mariani as the third name for the Narentines and identifying people with these titles to the Narentines. However, the identification is very problematic, and modern historiography argues that they were also one of the local titles of dukes who served the king of Croatia. If they were titles of an independent ruler, for example in the case of rex Berigoj, then Narentines only from 1050 became part of
9700-547: Was not concluded with all, but a tribe or clan of the Narentines. In 840 the Venetians attacked Narentine leader Ljudislav, ending in failure; Ljudislav ( Liuditus sclavus ), possibly a successor or co-ruler of Drosaico, defeated the Venetian Doge and killed hundreds of his men. According to Klaić it was the Narentines who broke the peace. It seems that Narentine piracy even reached Istria by February 840. The 840 Venetian–Frankish treaty included common fight against Slavic tribes ( generationes Sclavorum inimicas ). After two defeats to
9800-415: Was part of their A Bigger Bang Tour and attracted a crowd of some 35,000 spectators, twice the population of Budva town itself. Madonna staged a show attended by 47,000 spectators at the same venue on 25 September 2008, while Lenny Kravitz and Armand Van Helden performed at Jaz beach during the "Live Fest" in August 2008, along with Goran Bregović , Dino Merlin and Zdravko Čolić . Budva Carnival
9900-504: Was situated to the northwest, and Zachumlia to the east; Serbia was situated inland to the northeast, behind Pagania, Zachumlia, Travunia and Dioklea , and bordered to Croatia on the Tzentina ( Cetina ) River. The Sclaveni (South Slavs) overwhelmed the Balkans in the 6th century. In 639 AD, Narona , until then a flourishing Roman city, was destroyed by a horde of Avars and Slavs. A few years later, Slavic tribes took control of
10000-472: Was very infamous in the Venetian world for being a pirate haven, the Doge ordered it to be evacuated in order to be razed. After the denizens of Lastovo refused to concur, the Venetians attacked and razed it to the ground. In the historical sources there exist a title of iudex and rex of Marianorum and Morsticus . There is no consensus in historiography whether they represent nobles of Narentines or nobles of Croatian Kingdom. Croatian historian Miho Barada
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