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58-668: Pink film scholar Jasper Sharp calls it the high point of the year for the pink film community. PG , a magazine focusing on the genre, hosts the Pink Grand Prix in April of each year as a review of pink films released the previous year. The top ten films are selected by a readers' poll, and the top five films are screened during the evening of the ceremony held at the Kameari-za theater in Aoto, Tokyo until its closing in 1999, and at

116-608: A 16-year career in which she starred in nearly 200 AVs and appeared in over 180 films. Hayashi was also a prominent pink film actress; she was the subject of a 1997 documentary and the recipient of the Best Actress award at the Pink Grand Prix ceremony in 2004 as well as receiving the Special Career Award the following year. Her death on June 28, 2005, one day after her 35th birthday, ended one of

174-671: A 382-page biography of Hayashi in 2006 entitled YUMIKA HAYASHI : A Portrait of the Actress as a Young Woman ( 女優 林由美香 , Joyū Hayashi Yumika ) . In 2009, Japanese-Korean director Tetsuaki Matsue filmed a documentary on Hayashi. Titled Annyeong Yumika ( あんにょん由美香 , Annyon Yumika ) , the film includes appearances by Hayashi's former colleagues actress Lemon Hanazawa and directors Company Matsuo and Katsuyuki Hirano . NHK The Japan Broadcasting Corporation ( Japanese : 日本放送協会 , Hepburn : Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai ) , also known by its romanized initialism NHK ,

232-538: A ban prohibiting stock trading by employees, numbering around 5,700, who had access to its internal news information management system. The employees were required to pledge in writing that they would not trade in stocks, and were required to gain approval from senior staff to sell shares they already held. NHK banned short-term stock trading completed in periods of six months or less for all other employees. The ban did not extend to employees' families, nor did NHK request any reports on their transactions. On 24 July 2013,

290-410: A huge fight with a guy that forced the cops to be called to our apartment block. A pile of men's photos and underpants came flying out of the window of her eighth floor apartment and landed on passers-by." Hayashi's friend and director Yumi Yoshiyuki disagreed with the possibility of suicide, telling Friday weekly, "She was a really bright kid. She'd told me that she'd just found a new boyfriend and

348-405: A large audience of young women. On the subject of women viewing her films, Hayashi told the weekly Shūkan Bunshun , "To be honest, I've never really thought about whether my movies were being watched by men or women. We always presume that only guys are going to turn them on... Still, this'll be a great chance for girls to get to know about the porno movie industry. I think the most enjoyable part of

406-747: A reporter at NHK Metropolitan Broadcasting Center died of congestive heart failure . In May 2014, the Shibuya Labor Standards Inspection Office of the Tokyo Labor Bureau certified it as a karōshi (overwork death). Although NHK did not report on this matter, it was announced in October 2017. Ryōichi Ueda, the chairman of NHK, visited the reporter's parents' home and apologized to them. NHK has occasionally faced various criticisms for its treatment of Japan's wartime history. Katsuto Momii ( 籾井 勝人 ) ,

464-463: A result, after a rash of NHK-related scandals including an accounting one , the number of people who had not paid the license fee surpassed one million watchers. This incident sparked debate over the fairness of the fee system. In 2006, the NHK opted to take legal action against those most flagrantly in violation of the law. This fee and how it is charged is unpopular with some citizens. This led to

522-542: Is a Japanese public broadcaster . It is a statutory corporation funded by viewers' payments of a television license fee . NHK operates two terrestrial television channels ( NHK General TV and NHK Educational TV ), three satellite television channels (NHK BS; as well as two ultra-high-definition television channels, NHK BS Premium 4K and NHK BS8K ), and three radio networks ( NHK Radio 1 , NHK Radio 2 , and NHK FM ). NHK also provides an international broadcasting service, known as NHK World-Japan . NHK World-Japan

580-459: Is also bilingual and airs on NHK General TV and the international channels and NHK World Premium. World News , a program which airs bulletins from international broadcasters interpreted in Japanese, is aired on NHK BS1 with Catch! Sekai no Top News in the morning and International News Report at night, with the latter also airing on NHK World Premium. News on NHK BS1 is aired at 50 minutes past

638-665: Is composed of NHK World TV , NHK World Premium , and the shortwave radio service Radio Japan (RJ). World Radio Japan also makes some of its programs available on the Internet. NHK was the first broadcaster in the world to broadcast in high-definition (using multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding , also known as Hi-Vision) and in 8K . In regards to NHK's relationship with Johnny & Associates, they have stated that NHK acknowledges that sexual abuse allegations related to Johnny & Associates had repeatedly been reported for many years, but NHK also stated that they lacked awareness of

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696-459: Is funded by the Japanese government. The annual budget of NHK is subject to review and approval by the Diet of Japan . The Diet also appoints the twelve-member board of governors (経営委員会 keiei iinkai ) that oversees NHK. NHK is managed on a full-time basis by an executive board ( 理事会 , rijikai ) consisting of a president, executive vice president and seven to ten managing directors who oversee

754-515: Is standardized, with discounts for office workers and students who commute, as well a discount for residents of Okinawa prefecture . For viewers making annual payments by credit card with no special discounts, the reception fee is 13,600 yen per year for terrestrial reception only, and 24,090 yen per year for both terrestrial and broadcast satellite reception. However, the Broadcasting Act specifies no punitive actions for nonpayment; as

812-880: The Gyokuon-hōsō , the surrender speech made by Emperor Hirohito , in August 1945. Following the war, in September 1945, the Allied occupation administration under General Douglas MacArthur banned all international broadcasting by NHK, and repurposed several NHK facilities and frequencies for use by the Far East Network (now American Forces Network ). Japanese-American radio broadcaster Frank Shozo Baba joined NHK during this time and led an early post-war revamp of its programming. Radio Japan resumed overseas broadcasts in 1952. A new Broadcasting Act  [ ja ]

870-581: The 1964 Summer Olympics , the first widely televised Olympic Games. The complex was gradually expanded through 1973 when it became the headquarters for NHK. The previous headquarters adjacent to Hibiya Park was redeveloped as the Hibiya City high-rise complex. NHK began experimental satellite broadcasting with the NHK BS ;1 channel in 1984, followed by NHK BS 2 in 1985. Both channels began regular broadcasts in 1989. In April 2011, BS 1

928-495: The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami – Iwate , Miyagi , Fukushima – where it was discontinued on 31 March 2012). From 1963 to 1999, NHK published the journal Studies of broadcasting: an international annual of broadcasting science . NHK is a dependent corporation chartered by the Japanese Broadcasting Act and primarily funded by license fees. NHK World broadcasting (for overseas viewers/listeners)

986-571: The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami . NHK broadcasts sumo wrestling , baseball games, Olympic Games , soccer games, and a range of other sports. Their broadcast of the last two days of October 1952's autumn sumo tournament became the first ever televised sports broadcast in Japan. The NHK Symphony Orchestra , financially sponsored by NHK, was formerly (until 1951) the Japanese Symphony Orchestra. Its website details

1044-603: The Black Lives Matter movement and George Floyd protests that was criticized for its "crude" animation of protesters and its focus on economic inequality rather than police brutality. An official statement signed by Yuichi Tabata, head of NHK's International News Division, was released through NHK's official website. On 9 January 2022, NHK issued an apology over false allegations made in Director Naomi Kawase 's Tokyo Olympics documentary. Kawase

1102-758: The FIPRESCI Prize at the Chicago International Film Festival . In their review of the film, midnighteye.com commented, "The big surprise is that former porn star Yumika Hayashi is also very good as the happy-go-lucky Sachiko". As one of the top erotic actresses of her day, Hayashi was invited to the Cinequint theater in Shibuya to speak at a woman's-only night showing of pink films in March 2002. Similar events had attracted

1160-722: The Imperial Japanese Army nationalised all public news agencies and coordinated their efforts via the Information Liaison Confidential Committee. All published and broadcast news reports became official announcements of the Imperial Army General Headquarters in Tokyo for the duration of World War II . The famous Tokyo Rose wartime programs were broadcast by NHK. NHK also recorded and broadcast

1218-789: The Japan Meteorological Agency makes NHK capable of delivering earthquake early warnings seconds after detection, as well as a more detailed report with Shindo intensity measurements within two-to-three minutes after the quake. They also broadcast air attack warnings in the event of war, using the J-Alert system. All warnings are broadcast in Japanese, with tsunami warnings also delivered in four foreign languages: English, Mandarin Chinese, Korean and Portuguese (Japan has small Chinese , Korean and Brazilian populations). The warnings were broadcast in these languages during

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1276-546: The Taipei Times , stating, "[South] Korea's statements that Japan is the only nation that forced this are puzzling. 'Give us money, compensate us', they say, but since all of this was resolved by the Japan–Korea peace treaty, why are they reviving this issue? It's strange." It was subsequently reported by The Japan Times that on his first day at NHK Momii asked members of the executive team to hand in their resignation on

1334-555: The 21st Director-General of NHK, caused controversy by discussing Japan's actions in World War II at his first press conference after being appointed on 20 December 2013. It was reported that Momii said NHK should support the Japanese government in its territorial dispute with China and South Korea. He also caused controversy by what some describe as the playing down of the comfort women issue in World War II, according to

1392-479: The NHK brand is common for the whole country. All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. It also has one exclusive satellite channel, as well as two in ultra-high definition. NHK is funded by reception fees ( 受信料 , jushinryō ) , a system analogous to the license fee used in some English-speaking countries. The Broadcasting Act which governs NHK's funding stipulates anyone with equipment able to receive NHK must pay. The fee

1450-542: The Shinbungeiza theater thereafter. PG magazine was founded by Yoshiyuki Hayashida in July 1994. The magazine was preceded by the limited-circulation New Zoom-up , which Hayashida started in 1989, and which held the first Pink Grand Prix awards beginning that year, covering films released in 1988. Among actresses who have won the award multiple times are Yumika Hayashi , recipient of the Best Actress award in 2004 and

1508-411: The Special Career Award the following year. After her death on June 28, 2005, she was awarded a second Special Career Award at the 2006 Pink Grand Prix ceremony. Yumika Hayashi Yumika Hayashi ( Japanese : 林由美香 , Hepburn : Hayashi Yumika , June 27, 1970 – June 28, 2005) was a Japanese AV idol and pink film actress. She earned the title of "Japan's Original Adult Video Queen" during

1566-550: The Xces studio release, Double Rape to Break in a Perverted Wild Filly ( ダブルレイプ　変態調教 ) in October 1990. She became one of the most popular AV Actresses of the 1990s. Several of her early videos were for the V&;R Planning studio under the direction of Company Matsuo who was also her lover. Cult director Hisayasu Satō chose Hayashi for a major role in his 1993 film Real Action: Drink Up! , and continued an association with

1624-562: The actress in several films. In his entry in the Molester's Train series, Molester's Train: Dirty Behavior aka Birthday Hayashi had a role in a film whose "austere tone" was in direct contrast to the light, comic tone of the previous films in the series, started by Academy Award -winner Yōjirō Takita in 1982. In the role of the "gluttonous woman" who eats herself in Satō's Naked Blood (1996) Hayashi performed what Allmovie calls "one of

1682-422: The areas of NHK operations. The executive board reports to the board of governors. It maintains three radio stations available nationwide: All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. It manages two open signal channels through digital terrestrial television. Since Japan has a television network system, it schedules territorial disconnections in each of its centers. However,

1740-484: The broadcasting industry" when it comes to using performers who best fit program content and production. The public broadcaster added that it did not fully acknowledge the sexual abuse matter despite various weekly magazine articles about the allegations and a Tokyo High Court ruling in 2004. A few weeks later, NHK announced that it would suspend new contracts with Johnny's performers–including for their annual New Year's Eve television special Kōhaku Uta Gassen –until

1798-479: The company has implemented compensation and recurrence prevention measures. In February 2024, the company announced a strict policy of terminating the appearance of talents formerly affiliated with Johnny & Associates on its programs and not allowing them to appear on new programs after FY2024. In October 2024, NHK Chairman Nobuo Inaba announced at a regular press conference that, he had confirmed efforts of Smile-Up to compensate victims and prevent recurrence and

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1856-564: The documentary should be removed. Some activists were concerned that the misinformation was spread by NHK to silence those who opposed the Tokyo Olympics during the pandemic. NHK denied that the footage was deliberately fabricated to mislead the public. On 13 January 2022, the NHK Osaka director Terunobu Maeda apologized during a press conference, admitting that the captions "should not have been included". Once again, he denied that

1914-611: The end of April, its members would freeze their licence fee payments for half a year. While Momii did not resign, he was not reappointed and retired after serving only one term of three years. On 17 October 2014, The Times claimed to have received internal NHK documents which banned any reference to the Nanjing Massacre , to Japan's use of wartime sex slaves during World War II, and to its territorial dispute with China in its English-language broadcasting. On 10 June 2020, NHK apologized and took down an 80-second video about

1972-473: The film's opening at the Ueno Okura theater. The film received a standing ovation. Hayashi's posthumous work was chosen as the fifth best pink release of the year 2005 at the Pink Grand Prix . The 2006 Pink Grand Prix posthumously gave Hayashi her second special award for her work as a pink film actress. Yoshiyuki Hayashida, founder of the pink film magazine P*G and the Pink Grand Prix co-authored

2030-574: The formation of the NHK Party ( NHK党 , NHK tō ) , also known as N-Koku ( N国 ) , a single-issue political party , which has protested this fee with representatives in the upper house . NHK broadcasts a variety of programming. NHK offers local, national, and world news reports. NHK News 7 airs daily and is broadcast bilingually with both Japanese and English audio tracks on NHK General TV and NHK's international channels TV Japan and NHK World Premium . The flagship news program News Watch 9

2088-517: The grounds they had all been appointed by his predecessor. A number of civil society groups protested against Momii's continued tenure as Director-General of NHK. On 27 January 2014, the Viewers' Community to Observe and Encourage NHK ( NHKを監視・激励する視聴者コミュニティ ) issued a public letter calling for Momii's resignation on the grounds that the remarks he made at his inaugural press conference were explosive. The letter stated that if Momii did not resign by

2146-512: The hour except during live sports events. NHK also offers news for the deaf (which airs on NHK Educational TV), regional news (which airs on NHK General TV) and children's news. Newsline is an English-language newscast designed for foreign viewers and airs on NHK World . In his book Broadcasting Politics in Japan: NHK and Television News , Ellis S. Krauss states: 'In the 1960s and 1970s, external critics of NHK news were complaining about

2204-433: The incident was a fabrication. In December 2023, Japan's Broadcasting Ethics and Program Improvement Organization (BPO) concluded that NHK had breached broadcasting ethics in its "News Watch 9" program, where people believed to have died from COVID-19 vaccine injury were treated as if they had died from COVID-19. Regarding the incident as an inappropriate way of reporting, NHK stated that it would take measures to avoid

2262-399: The issue at that time and chose not to follow up or cover the issue entirely. In addition, they stated that they failed in their role as a news media organization, and simply sat idle as many minors became sexual abuse victims. On 8 September, 2023, NHK , said in a statement that they took the matter seriously, and that they would "work harder to ensure that human rights are more respected in

2320-615: The leadership of Count Gotō Shinpei . Tokyo Broadcasting Station, along with separate organizations in Osaka and Nagoya , began radio broadcasts in 1925. The three stations merged under the first incarnation of NHK in August 1926. NHK was modelled on the BBC of the United Kingdom , and the merger and reorganisation was carried out under the auspices of the pre-war Ministry of Communications . NHK's second radio network began in 1931, and

2378-449: The longest careers in the AV field and made front-page news in Tokyo. Following her death, Hayashi was awarded a second Special Career Award at the 2006 Pink Grand Prix ceremony and became the subject of several theatrical retrospectives and a 382-page biography. Yumika Hayashi was born Yumika Oguri ( 小栗 由美香 , Oguri Yumika ) in Tokyo on June 27, 1970. Her parents divorced when she

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2436-443: The morning of June 29, 2005, two days after Hayashi's 35th birthday. There they discovered her dead body in bed. A friend of Hayashi's described the scene to reporters, "Yumika was lying in her bed and the three people who found her thought she was sleeping. When they realized she wasn't breathing, they quickly called for an ambulance, but it was already too late, Yumika's mom was shattered, screaming, crying and going half crazy." At

2494-459: The most appalling scenes in Japanese horror", in which her character cooks, then consumes various parts of her body. In 1995, Hayashi played a role in a TBS television series featuring Taro Miyako Nishimura's fictional detective, Inspector Totsukawa, The Izu Coast Road Murder ( 伊豆海岸殺人ルート , Izu Kaigan Satsujin Ruuto ) . By mid-1996, another V&R Planning director, Katsuyuki Hirano (who

2552-522: The night is going to be the questions asked after the films are over. I wonder what the girls are going to ask me?" At the 17th Pink Grand Prix awards, for the year of 2004, Hayashi won the "Best Actress" award for her performance in Lunch Box aka Mature Woman: Rutting Ball-Play ( 熟女・発情　タマしゃぶり , Jukujō: hatsujō tamashaburi ) . Hayashi's prolific career earned her a reputation as an "iron woman" of Japanese erotic cinema, and after her death,

2610-1131: The orchestra's history and ongoing concert programme. Since 1953, NHK has broadcast the Kōhaku Uta Gassen song contest on New Year's Eve, ending shortly before midnight in PIX System . A sentimental morning show , a weekly jidaigeki and a year-long show, the Taiga drama , spearhead the network's fiction offerings. NHK is also making efforts at broadcasting dramas made in foreign countries as overseas drama ( 海外ドラマ , Kaigai Dorama ) . The longest running children's show in Japan, Okaasan to Issho ( おかあさんといっしょ , With Mother ) , started broadcasting in 1959 and still airs to this day Monday to Friday at 17:36–18:00  JST , Sunday at 17:30–17:54 JST, with rebroadcasts Tuesday to Sunday at 5:00–5:24 JST on NHK World Premium. In 2007, three employees of NHK were fined and fired for insider trading . They had profited by trading shares based on exclusive NHK knowledge. On 11 July 2008, NHK introduced

2668-482: The separation of management from Starto Entertainment is steadily progressing, and that requests to perform–including Kōhaku Uta Gassen for current Starto celebrities would resume. Commercial broadcasters had already announced on the resumption of new appointments to celebrities belonging to Starto. NHK's earliest forerunner was the Tokyo Broadcasting Station ( 東京放送局 ) , founded in 1924 under

2726-656: The strict neutrality, the lack of criticism of the government, and the 'self-regulation in covering events'. Krauss claims that little had changed by the 1980s and 1990s. After the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, NHK was criticised for underplaying the dangers from radioactive contamination . Under the Broadcasting Act, NHK is under the obligation to broadcast early warning emergency reporting in times of natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis . Their national network of seismometers in cooperation with

2784-511: The third radio network (FM) began in 1937. NHK began shortwave broadcasting on an experimental basis in the 1930s, and began regular English- and Japanese-language shortwave broadcasts in 1935 under the name Radio Japan , initially aimed at ethnic Japanese listeners in Hawaii and the west coast of North America . By the late 1930s, NHK's overseas broadcasts were known as Radio Tokyo , which became an official name in 1941. In November 1941,

2842-486: The time of her death, suicide and murder were both considered possible causes of death. Hayashi's romantic life was seen as a possible cause of foul play. A colleague in the AV industry reported that Hayashi had broken off a relationship with a younger man about three months before her death. "They'd lived together for a while. She seemed to have been pretty shocked when the relationship came to an end." A neighbor agreed telling reporters, "About three months ago, she had

2900-478: The weekly Shūkan Taishū wrote that Hayashi's 180 filmed appearances deserved mention in the Guinness World Records . At the Pink Grand Prix for 2005 she was given a special Career Award for Achievement as an Actress. When director Katsuyuki Hirano became concerned that Hayashi had not reported for work for a couple of days, he, another AV worker and Hayashi's mother went to her apartment on

2958-479: Was again working in television in the NHK TV drama Blue Fireworks (青い花火 or Aoi Hanabi) broadcast on November 28, 1998. Hayashi also appeared in director Yōichirō Takahashi 's drama Nichiyōbi wa Owaranai (日曜日は終わらない) which originally aired on NHK TV as a High-Definition satellite TV broadcast on October 21, 1999. It was subsequently shown as Sunday's Dream (1999) at the 53rd Cannes Film Festival , and won

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3016-402: Was broadcast on August 12, 2005 and included reminiscences and some details of the day before her death. Hayashi's last film, Miss Peach: Peachy Sweetness Huge Breasts ( ミスピーチ　巨乳は桃の甘み , Misu Piichi: kyonyū wa momo no umami ) (2005), directed by Yumi Yoshiyuki , was released in September 2005. Yoshiyuki and co-star Sakurako Kaoru participated in the memorial ceremony for Hayashi at

3074-500: Was enacted in 1950, which made NHK a listener-supported independent corporation and simultaneously opened the market for commercial broadcasting in Japan. NHK started television broadcasting in 1953, followed by its educational TV channel in 1959 and color television broadcasts in 1960. NHK opened the first stage of its current headquarters in Japan's capital city 's special ward Shibuya as an international broadcasting center for

3132-461: Was in 5th grade, elementary school, and Hayashi was on her own by the time she was in high school. Hayashi's mother managed a popular ramen chain. Hayashi made her adult video debut in the bishōjo genre with the June 1989 h.m.p. Miss Christine release, Shigamitsuku 18-sai: ojōsama wa shitanai ( しがみつく18歳　お嬢様はしたない ) . She made her pink film debut the same year, and her starring debut with

3190-428: Was married) had replaced Company Matsuo as Hayashi's lover and the two of them traveled to the north of Japan in July 1996 on a bike trip. Hirano produced an AV version of their trip titled Tokyo - Rebun 41-day Adultery Bicycle Touring Trip and later in 1997 edited a mainstream documentary on the trip entitled Yumika . Hayashi received credit for the shooting of the film, and Hirano was Hayashi's co-star. In 1998, she

3248-499: Was really happy. I cannot believe she could possibly have committed suicide." It was later determined that no intentional causes were involved in the actress' death. Instead Hayashi's death was the result of a night of heavy drinking while celebrating her 35th birthday. After the party, Hayashi had choked to death in her bed after vomiting in her sleep. Hayashi was remembered as part of a TV Asahi special on those who had recently died. The show, Sayonara 5, 6 tsuki hen (さよなら　５、６月編),

3306-930: Was rebranded while BS 2 channel ceased broadcasting and was replaced by "BS Premium" which broadcasts on the channel formerly used by BShi. International satellite broadcasts to North America and Europe began in 1995, which led to the launch of NHK World in 1998. It became free-to-air over the Astra 19.2°E ( Astra 1L ) and Eurobird satellites in Europe in 2008. NHK began digital television broadcasting in December 2000 through BS Digital, followed by terrestrial digital TV broadcasts in three major metropolitan areas in 2003. NHK's digital television coverage gradually expanded to cover almost all of Japan by 24 July 2011, when analog transmissions were discontinued & ended (except in three prefectures that were heavily affected by

3364-582: Was selected by the IOC in 2018 to cover Japanese reactions to the event and later during the COVID-19 pandemic . Footage and captions in the documentary alleged that protesters were being paid money to attend anti-Olympics rallies. One of the men interviewed later stated he was "unsure" if he had actually attended any anti-Olympics rallies. NHK Osaka cited "editorial oversights" and "deficiencies in research", issuing an apology. Some anti-Olympic activists demanded that

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