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22-493: This registry is distinct from the American Paint Horse Association , which registers Paint horses . The Paint Horse is bred as a stock horse suitable for western riding , and comes from American Quarter Horse and Thoroughbred lineage. The Pinto Horse Association of America does not specialize solely in stock horse breeding, though some PtHA-registered horses are stock horses. Most horses with

44-577: A gene complex or a recessive gene ; thus two solid-colored horses could produce a spotted foal if both were carriers. It is also known now that lethal white behaves like a recessive, and even two solid-colored horses can carry the LWS gene. Since the advent of DNA parentage testing and a test for LWS has also been developed, the AQHA has repealed its "white rule" and there are now Paint horses of verifiable Quarter Horse bloodlines that are cross-registered with both

66-702: A minimum of three white spots three inches wide on their body, and that mostly white horses must have a dark spot at least six inches wide on their body. Both registries agreed to merge in 1965, although the APHA calls the APSHA its forerunner. The need for these registries arose because, in the days prior to DNA parentage testing, the American Quarter Horse Association (AQHA) would not register horses with excessive white markings, sometimes called " cropouts ", thinking that such markings were

88-434: A sign of non- purebred breeding and was maintained for several decades because it was also feared that excess white increased the risk of horses producing a foal with lethal white syndrome (LWS). This policy was known as the "white rule." (The AQHA also would not register Appaloosa , cremello or perlino horses for similar reasons.) This policy arose in part from long observation of the tobiano spotting pattern, which

110-486: A visual description. This may be because whether or not a pattern crosses the back affects how the topline is perceived visually, such as when horses are judged on their conformation . Horses that are labeled "tobiano" by the PtHA are described as having a coat that "appears to be white with large flowing spots of color, often overlapping. Spots of color typically originate from the head, chest, flank and buttock, often including

132-773: Is a breed registry for the American Paint Horse . It is currently headquartered in Fort Worth, Texas . It was founded in 1965 with the merging of two different color breed registries that had been formed to register pinto -colored horses of Quarter Horse bloodlines. One of these organizations was the American Paint Quarter Horse Association (or APQHA) and the other was the American Paint Stock Horse Association (or APSHA). The APQHA

154-723: Is a dominant gene , and was known to not occur unless one parent is tobiano, a color not recognized in the foundation breeds, such as the Thoroughbred , that were the predecessors of the American Quarter Horse . What was not understood then is that the overo pattern, found in the Spanish mustang ancestors of the Quarter horse, and sabino pattern, which exists in the Arabian and Thoroughbred , occur as either

176-545: Is not always included in the APHA hosted shows. They also have a trail program which records and rewards Paint horses and their owners for time spent in saddle pleasure riding or trail riding . Sire Sire is an archaic respectful form of address to reigning kings in Europe . In French and other languages it is less archaic and relatively more current. In Belgium, the king is addressed as "Sire..." in both Dutch and French. The words "sire" and " sir ", as well as

198-560: The Appaloosa breed ( leopard complex ) are permitted. Pinto horses can be any of the major physical conformation types. For competition purposes, horses and ponies registered with the PtHA are classified by their heights and their type. Animals which measure no more than 34 inches at the withers (8.2 hands high ) are classified as "Miniature"; between 34 and 38 inches (8.2 to 9.2hh) as "Miniature B"; 38 to 56 inches (9.2 to 14hh) as "Pony" and anything exceeding 14 hands high at

220-629: The APHA and the AQHA. The APHA currently registers horses that exhibit the overo (which, under APHA categories, includes sabino ), tobiano , and tovero spotting patterns, as well as solid colored horses with Paint bloodlines. It also keeps track of each horse's performance and progeny record. It allows registration of Paint to Paint breedings, as well as Paint to Quarter Horse and Paint to Thoroughbred . They allow live cover , artificial insemination , shipped cooled semen, frozen semen and embryo transfers . The APHA sanctions horse shows and holds an annual Youth World Championship Paint Horse Show in

242-552: The Pinto Horse Association of America are held year-round and all across the United States. Pinto Horse Association shows offer a wide variety of classes in various disciplines, including western riding , saddle seat riding and driving , hunt seat riding, dressage , equitation , gymkhana , and rodeo events. American Paint Horse Association The American Paint Horse Association ( APHA )

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264-743: The Pinto Horse Association of America is primarily based on coat color. Miniature and pony stallions, mares, and geldings may be registered with undocumented parentage, as may horse mares and geldings. Horse stallions must have documented parentage including a sire and dam registered with the PtHA itself, or as one of the following breeds: American Paint Horse , Quarter Horse , Thoroughbred , Arabian horse , National Show Horse , Morgan horse , American Saddlebred , Standardbred horse , Missouri Fox Trotter , Tennessee Walking Horse , Andalusian horse , Lusitano , Hanoverian , Holsteiner , Trakehner , Westphalian , and Oldenburg . No horses or ponies with draft horse ancestors or characteristics, or those of

286-430: The back." A variety of genetically distinct white spotting patterns produce coat colors that fit into the PtHA's "overo" category, including frame overo, which is associated with Lethal white syndrome . splashed white , sabino -type and Dominant white patterns also fit this description. Horses which lack the minimum amount of white, but exhibit "Pinto characteristics" such as blue or parti-colored eyes, leg white above

308-412: The breed. Spotted horses also faced discrimination in the show ring, as solid coat colors were preferred. To qualify for full registration with the Pinto Horse Association of America, a horse must exhibit a cumulative four square inches of white coat with underlying pink skin in the so-called "qualifying zone." The qualifying zone excludes the face from the ear to the corner of the mouth, and the corner of

330-456: The carriage and animation of high-stepping horse breeds, and many are gaited horses typically with Saddlebred, Hackney , or Tennessee Walker breeding and conformation. Saddle-type Pinto ponies are predominantly of American Shetland, Hackney pony or American Saddlebred breeding. The original purpose of the Pinto Horse Association of America was to provide a competition venue for "colored" horses. Horse shows open only to horses registered with

352-628: The early summer, and an annual Open and Amateur World Championship Paint Horse Show every November. They also offer racing and added money to Paint horses competing in open shows held by the National Snaffle Bit Association and the National Reining Horse Association . The APHA also has programs such as PAC which is an open show program, in which Paint Horses are rewarded for their performance in other events such as show jumping which

374-445: The knee or hock, white or multi-colored hooves and minimal body white may be registered as Breeding Stock. Solid white horses are also registered as Breeding Stock. The non-white areas of the coat may be listed on PtHA papers as bay , bay roan , black , blue roan, brown , buckskin , chestnut , cremello , dun , gray , grulla , palomino , perlino , red dun , red roan, seal brown , silver dapple or sorrel. Registration with

396-436: The mouth to the chin. The legs from the knee and hock down are also not part of the qualifying zone. Ponies must have a cumulative three square inches of pink-skinned white coat, and Miniature horses need to exhibit two square inches of such white coat. Fully registered horses are divided into two categories: Tobiano and Overo . The application of these terms to PtHA Pinto horses is not based on genetics , but rather on

418-715: The recognized color pattern registered by the American Paint Horse Association qualify for the PtHA as well, though the reverse is not true. The Pinto Horse Association of America was formed in 1956 for "colored" horses. The aim of the association was to provide a competition venue for spotted horses and to track their pedigrees. The need for the organization arose in part due to the exclusion of horses with excessive white, called cropouts , from many traditional breed registries. Many registries that have relaxed their regulations regarding coat color in recent years historically denied papers to some examples of

440-421: The tail." This definition is largely accurate in describing the genetic condition of the tobiano spotting pattern. The Pinto Horse Association of America's designation of "overo" also depends on a visual description: "a colored horse with white markings. Spots of white appear to be jagged and usually originate on the animal's side or belly spreading toward the neck, tail, legs and back. White almost never crosses

462-570: The withers fits into the PtHA's "Horse" category. Pleasure-type Pintos are suitable for pleasure riding and are typically of Arabian, Andalusian or Morgan breeding and conformation. Pleasure-type Pinto ponies are typically of Welsh pony, Classic Shetland pony or Arabian breeding. Some of these animals, depending on aptitude, may cross over into the Saddle type category, particularly the National Show Horse . Saddle-type Pintos display

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484-536: Was formed in 1961 in Abilene, Texas , mainly to register cropout horses from the matings of registered Quarter Horses. They also allowed the registering of non-cropouts ("solids") who had Quarter Horse conformation and bloodlines. The APSHA was formed in February 1962. The APSHA registration rules differed from APQHA in that they excluded gaited horses and mandated that horses that were mainly dark colored must have

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