76-616: The RTÉ Executive Board , despite its name, was not a board of directors , but rather was a committee composed of the senior management of the Irish public service broadcaster , Raidió Teilifís Éireann , responsible for the day-to-day running of the broadcaster. The executive board reported to the RTÉ Board through the director general. It was disbanded by the newly appointed Director General Kevin Bakhurst on his first day following
152-441: A quorum must be present before any business may be conducted. Usually, a meeting which is held without notice having been given is still valid if all of the directors attend, but it has been held that a failure to give notice may negate resolutions passed at a meeting, because the persuasive oratory of a minority of directors might have persuaded the majority to change their minds and vote otherwise. In most common law countries,
228-442: A board is not a career unto itself. For major corporations, the board members are usually professionals or leaders in their field. In the case of outside directors, they are often senior leaders of other organizations. Nevertheless, board members often receive remunerations amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars per year since they often sit on the boards of several companies. Inside directors are usually not paid for sitting on
304-515: A board, but the duty is instead considered part of their larger job description. Outside directors are usually paid for their services. These remunerations vary between corporations, but usually consist of a yearly or monthly salary, additional compensation for each meeting attended, stock options, and various other benefits. such as travel, hotel and meal expenses for the board meetings. Tiffany & Co. , for example, pays directors an annual retainer of $ 46,500, an additional annual retainer of $ 2,500 if
380-480: A board, sometimes called the board process , includes the selection of board members, the setting of clear board objectives, the dissemination of documents or board package to the board members, the collaborative creation of an agenda for the meeting, the creation and follow-up of assigned action items , and the assessment of the board process through standardized assessments of board members, owners, and CEOs. The science of this process has been slow to develop due to
456-432: A certain cause, a board of directors may have the responsibility of running the organization in between meetings of the membership, especially if the membership meets infrequently, such as only at an annual general meeting . The amount of powers and authority delegated to the board depend on the bylaws and rules of the particular organization. Some organizations place matters exclusively in the board's control while in others,
532-480: A domestic market only, the presence of CEOs from global multinational corporations as outside directors can help to provide insights on export and import opportunities and international trade options. One of the arguments for having outside directors is that they can keep a watchful eye on the inside directors and on the way the organization is run. Outside directors are unlikely to tolerate "insider dealing" between inside directors, as outside directors do not benefit from
608-536: A generous " golden parachute " which also acts as a deterrent to removal. A 2010 study examined how corporate shareholders voted in director elections in the United States. It found that directors received fewer votes from shareholders when their companies performed poorly, had excess CEO compensation, or had poor shareholder protection. Also, directors received fewer votes when they did not regularly attend board meetings or received negative recommendations from
684-518: A position on the board. Shareholder nominations can only occur at the general meeting itself or through the prohibitively expensive process of mailing out ballots separately; in May 2009 the SEC proposed a new rule allowing shareholders meeting certain criteria to add nominees to the proxy statement. In practice for publicly traded companies, the managers ( inside directors ) who are purportedly accountable to
760-526: A position that does not carry any executive authority and represents recognition of the person's corporate governorship and performance. An inside director is a director who is also an employee, officer, chief executive, major shareholder , or someone similarly connected to the organization. Inside directors represent the interests of the entity's stakeholders, and often have special knowledge of its inner workings, its financial or market position, and so on. Typical inside directors are: An inside director who
836-416: A proxy advisory firm. The study also shows that companies often improve their corporate governance by removing poison pills or classified boards and by reducing excessive CEO pay after their directors receive low shareholder support. Board accountability to shareholders is a recurring issue. In September 2010, The New York Times noted that several directors who had overseen companies which had failed in
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#1732783311530912-589: A public market (a private, limited or closely held company), owned by family members (a family business), or exempt from income taxes (a non-profit, not for profit, or tax-exempt entity). There are numerous types of business entities available throughout the world such as a corporation, limited liability company, cooperative, business trust, partnership, private limited company, and public limited company. Much of what has been written about boards of directors relates to boards of directors of business entities actively traded on public markets. More recently, however, material
988-438: A resolution of the remaining directors (in some countries they may only do so "with cause"; in others the power is unrestricted). Some jurisdictions also permit the board of directors to appoint directors, either to fill a vacancy which arises on resignation or death, or as an addition to the existing directors. In practice, it can be quite difficult to remove a director by a resolution in general meeting. In many legal systems,
1064-443: A set fraction of the board's members. The board of directors appoints the chief executive officer of the corporation and sets out the overall strategic direction. In corporations with dispersed ownership, the identification and nomination of directors (that shareholders vote for or against) are often done by the board itself, leading to a high degree of self-perpetuation. In a non-stock corporation with no general voting membership,
1140-415: A single-tier board, while the chairman of the management board is reckoned as the company's CEO or managing director . These two roles are always held by different people. This ensures a distinction between management by the executive board and governance by the supervisory board and allows for clear lines of authority. The aim is to prevent a conflict of interest and too much power being concentrated in
1216-733: A subsidiary of Bauer Media Audio Ireland , and broadcasts under a sound broadcasting contract with the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland . Newstalk is Ireland's only commercial all-talk station, broadcasting opinion, analysis, entertainment and sport. The station is the only commercial radio station in Ireland to take on an exclusively news and current affairs based format. News is broadcast every hour. The station's flagship morning programme is Newstalk Breakfast, presented by Ciara Kelly and Shane Coleman with Joe Lynham presenting business coverage. Following on from Newstalk Breakfast
1292-414: Is dividend and how much it is, stock options distributed to employees, and the hiring/firing and compensation of upper management . Theoretically, the control of a company is divided between two bodies: the board of directors, and the shareholders in general meeting . In practice, the amount of power exercised by the board varies with the type of company. In small private companies, the directors and
1368-485: Is The Hard Shoulder with Kieran Cuddihy. It's on every weekday afternoon from 4–7pm and is a round-up of the day's events and interviews with the people at the centre of the stories. Off The Ball is on at 7pm and covers Irish sport and stories to the Newstalk audience with in depth analysis and debate. On 5 November 2020, Newstalk announced it had recorded an all-time high weekly reach of 804,000 listeners, up 62,000 on
1444-425: Is The Pat Kenny Show. The show mixes current affairs analysis, human interest interviews with light entertainment stories and live music. From midday, Andrea Gilligan presents Lunchtime Live, where she invites callers to have their say on the topics of the day. Seán Moncrieff broadcasts from 2pm with The Moncrieff Show, covering politics, history, popular culture and many other topics. Newstalk's drive time show,
1520-406: Is also an additional statutory body for audit purposes. The OECD Principles are intended to be sufficiently general to apply to whatever board structure is charged with the functions of governing the enterprise and monitoring management. The development of a separate board of directors to manage/govern/oversee a company has occurred incrementally and indefinitely over legal history. Until the end of
1596-408: Is associated with rigorous monitoring and improved corporate governance. In some European and Asian countries, there are two separate boards, an executive board (or management board) for day-to-day business and a supervisory board (elected by the shareholders and employees) for supervising the executive board. In these countries, the chairman of the supervisory board is equivalent to the chairman of
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#17327833115301672-416: Is becoming available for boards of private and closely held businesses including family businesses. A board-only organization is one whose board is self-appointed, rather than being accountable to a base of members through elections; or in which the powers of the membership are extremely limited. In membership organizations , such as a society made up of members of a certain profession or one advocating
1748-531: Is complete. Details on how they can be removed are usually provided in the bylaws. If the bylaws do not contain such details, the section on disciplinary procedures in Robert's Rules of Order may be used. In a publicly held company , directors are elected to represent and are legally obligated as fiduciaries to represent owners of the company—the shareholders /stockholders. In this capacity they establish policies and make decisions on issues such as whether there
1824-413: Is considered to be comparatively weak due to the limited time they can dedicate to this task. Overconfident directors are found to pay higher premiums in corporate acquisitions and make worse takeover choices. Locally rooted directors tend to be overrepresented and lack international experience, which can lead to lower valuations, especially in internationally oriented firms. Directors' military experience
1900-457: Is employed as a manager or executive of the organization is sometimes referred to as an executive director (not to be confused with the title executive director sometimes used for the CEO position in some organizations). Executive directors often have a specified area of responsibility in the organization, such as finance, marketing, human resources, or production. An outside director is a member of
1976-408: Is that in large public companies it is upper management and not boards that wield practical power, because boards delegate nearly all of their power to the top executive employees, adopting their recommendations almost without fail. As a practical matter, executives even choose the directors, with shareholders normally following management recommendations and voting for them. In most cases, serving on
2052-459: Is that the board tends to have more de facto power. Most shareholders do not attend shareholder meetings, but rather cast proxy votes via mail, phone, or internet, thus allowing the board to vote for them. However, proxy votes are not a total delegation of the voting power, as the board must vote the proxy shares as directed by their owner even when it contradicts the board's views. In addition, many shareholders vote to accept all recommendations of
2128-400: The 2007–2008 financial crisis had found new positions as directors. The SEC sometimes imposes a ban (a "D&O bar") on serving on a board as part of its fraud cases, and one of these was upheld in 2013. The exercise by the board of directors of its powers usually occurs in board meetings. Most legal systems require sufficient notice to be given to all directors of these meetings, and that
2204-520: The RTÉ secret payment scandal , and replaced by a "temporary interim leadership team". The executive board was chaired by the Director General of RTÉ . The remainder of the committee included managing directors of television , radio , news and current affairs , and heads of content, channels and marketing, corporate development, commercial, legal and other functions, the chief digital officer,
2280-560: The chief technology officer , the chief financial officer . The director general is appointed by the RTÉ Board, with the consent of the government and the Minister for Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media , while the other board members were appointed by the director general. The executive board was disbanded following the RTÉ secret payment scandal and replaced by a "temporary interim leadership team to continue running
2356-413: The shareholders , the law imposes strict duties on directors in relation to the exercise of their duties. The duties imposed on directors are fiduciary duties, similar to those that the law imposes on those in similar positions of trust: agents and trustees . Newstalk Newstalk (formerly NewsTalk 106 ) is a national independent radio station in Ireland. It is operated by News 106 Limited,
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2432-511: The 19th century, it seems to have been generally assumed that the general meeting (of all shareholders) was the supreme organ of a company, and that the board of directors merely acted as an agent of the company subject to the control of the shareholders in general meeting. However, by 1906, the English Court of Appeal had made it clear in the decision of Automatic Self-Cleansing Filter Syndicate Co Ltd v Cuninghame [1906] 2 Ch 34 that
2508-564: The CEO and their direct reports (other C-level officers, division/subsidiary heads). Board structures and procedures vary both within and among OECD countries. Some countries have two-tier boards that separate the supervisory function and the management function into different bodies. Such systems typically have a "supervisory board" composed of nonexecutive board members and a "management board" composed entirely of executives. Other countries have "unitary" boards, which bring together executive and non-executive board members. In some countries there
2584-547: The U.S., the directors which are available to vote on are largely selected by either the board as a whole or a nominating committee . Although in 2002 the New York Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ required that nominating committees consist of independent directors as a condition of listing, nomination committees have historically received input from management in their selections even when the CEO does not have
2660-466: The activities of a business , a nonprofit organization , or a government agency . The powers, duties, and responsibilities of a board of directors are determined by government regulations (including the jurisdiction's corporate law ) and the organization's own constitution and by-laws . These authorities may specify the number of members of the board, how they are to be chosen, and how often they are to meet. In an organization with voting members,
2736-404: The board is accountable to, and may be subordinate to, the organization's full membership, which usually elect the members of the board. In a stock corporation , non-executive directors are elected by the shareholders , and the board has ultimate responsibility for the management of the corporation. In nations with codetermination (such as Germany and Sweden), the workers of a corporation elect
2812-454: The board is the supreme governing body of the institution, and its members are sometimes chosen by the board itself. Other names include board of directors and advisors , board of governors , board of managers , board of regents , board of trustees , and board of visitors . It may also be called the executive board . Typical duties of boards of directors include: The legal responsibilities of boards and board members vary with
2888-492: The board of directors have historically played a major role in selecting and nominating the directors who are voted on by the shareholders, in which case more "gray outsider directors" (independent directors with conflicts of interest ) are nominated and elected. In countries with co-determination , a fixed fraction of the board is elected by the corporation's workers. Directors may also leave office by resignation or death. In some legal systems, directors may also be removed by
2964-454: The board rather than try to get involved in management, since each shareholder's power, as well as interest and information is so small. Larger institutional investors also grant the board proxies. The large number of shareholders also makes it hard for them to organize. However, there have been moves recently to try to increase shareholder activism among both institutional investors and individuals with small shareholdings. A contrasting view
3040-440: The board to conduct its business by conference call or other electronic means. They may also specify how a quorum is to be determined. The responsibilities of a board of directors vary depending on the nature and type of business entity and the laws applying to the entity (see types of business entity ). For example, the nature of the business entity may be one that is traded on a public market (public company), not traded on
3116-417: The board who is not otherwise employed by or engaged with the organization, and does not represent any of its stakeholders. A typical example is a director who is president of a firm in a different industry. Outside directors are not employees of the company or affiliated with it in any other way. Outside directors bring outside experience and perspectives to the board. For example, for a company that serves
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3192-410: The company or organization. Outside directors are often useful in handling disputes between inside directors, or between shareholders and the board. They are thought to be advantageous because they can be objective and present little risk of conflict of interest. On the other hand, they might lack familiarity with the specific issues connected to the organization's governance, and they might not know about
3268-436: The director has a right to receive special notice of any resolution to remove them; the company must often supply a copy of the proposal to the director, who is usually entitled to be heard by the meeting. The director may require the company to circulate any representations that they wish to make. Furthermore, the director's contract of service will usually entitle them to compensation if they are removed, and may often include
3344-487: The director is also a chairperson of a committee, a per-meeting-attended fee of $ 2,000 for meetings attended in person, a $ 500 fee for each meeting attended via telephone, in addition to stock options and retirement benefits. Academic research has identified different types of board directors. Their characteristics and experiences shape their role and performance. For instance, directors with multiple mandates are often referred to as busy directors. Their monitoring performance
3420-478: The division of powers between the board and the shareholders in general meaning depended on the construction of the articles of association and that, where the powers of management were vested in the board, the general meeting could not interfere with their lawful exercise. The articles were held to constitute a contract by which the members had agreed that "the directors and the directors alone shall manage." The new approach did not secure immediate approval, but it
3496-452: The executive board were: Acting deputy director general Paula Mullooly exited RTÉ at the end of 2023. She had been a former member of the executive board under Dee Forbes and was placed on the interim leadership board by Kevin Bakhurst. Mike Fives remains as Group Financial Director but makes way for Mari Hurley who was appointed CFO in March 2024, Conor Mullen also moves from his position on
3572-459: The fastest growing adult station in Ireland. The rugby pundit, George Hook who presented the daily drive time show Right Hook , retired in 2014, he returned to present High Noon . He was suspended in September 2017 following comments he made on rape. In 2021, Newstalk rebranded its Station Imaging with new Voiceover Mark Cagney Newstalk is primarily known as a radio station; however, it
3648-412: The general body of shareholders can control the exercise of powers by the articles in the directors is by altering the articles, or, if opportunity arises under the articles, by refusing to re-elect the directors of whose actions they disapprove. They cannot themselves usurp the powers which by the articles are vested in the directors any more than the directors can usurp the powers vested by the articles in
3724-483: The general body of shareholders. It has been remarked that this development in the law was somewhat surprising at the time, as the relevant provisions in Table A (as it was then) seemed to contradict this approach rather than to endorse it. In most legal systems, the appointment and removal of directors is voted upon by the shareholders in general meeting or through a proxy statement . For publicly traded companies in
3800-411: The general membership retains full power and the board can only make recommendations. The setup of a board of directors vary widely across organizations and may include provisions that are applicable to corporations, in which the "shareholders" are the members of the organization. A difference may be that the membership elects the officers of the organization, such as the president and the secretary, and
3876-426: The hands of one person. There is a strong parallel here with the structure of government, which tends to separate the political cabinet from the management civil service . In the United States, the board of directors (elected by the shareholders) is often equivalent to the supervisory board, while the executive board may often be known as the executive committee (operating committee or executive council), composed of
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#17327833115303952-446: The industry or sector in which the organization is operating. Individual directors often serve on more than one board. This practice results in an interlocking directorate , where a relatively small number of individuals have significant influence over many important entities. This situation can have important corporate, social, economic, and legal consequences, and has been the subject of significant research. The process for running
4028-617: The leadership team in favour of the newly appoint Commercial Director Gavin Deans, while Director of Legal Daniel Coady joints the Leadership Team. With the departure of Jim Jennings the role of Director of Content was split between two new roles Director of Video and Director of Audio both roles were advertised in April 2024. On 1 July 2024 the final members RTÉ leadership team were announced, Patricia Monahan, Newstalk 's Managing Editor,
4104-432: The members elect the president of the organization and the president becomes the board chair, unless the by-laws say otherwise. The directors of an organization are the persons who are members of its board. Several specific terms categorize directors by the presence or absence of their other relationships to the organization. Corporations often appoint a former senior executive and ex-board member as honorary president ,
4180-463: The nature of the organization, and between jurisdictions. For companies with shares publicly listed for negotiation , these responsibilities are typically much more rigorous and complex than for those of other types. Typically, the board chooses one of its members to be the chairman (often now called the "chair" or "chairperson"), who holds whatever title is specified in the by-laws or articles of association . However, in membership organizations,
4256-410: The news service was reduced to every thirty minutes ("News 30") along with a revamped news team to replace the original journalists who had left the station by this stage. In Summer 2004, the station signed Eamon Dunphy , dropping David McWilliams, resulting in controversy. In 2004, FM104 was forced to sell its stake as a condition of its takeover by Scottish Radio Holdings . This meant that Communicorp
4332-430: The officers become members of the board in addition to the directors and retain those duties on the board. The directors may also be classified as officers in this situation. There may also be ex-officio members of the board, or persons who are members due to another position that they hold. These ex-officio members have all the same rights as the other board members. Members of the board may be removed before their term
4408-524: The organisation". A new executive board was put in place in October 2017. The new board dropped the Director of TV and the Director of Radio, replacing them with the Director of Content and the Director of Audience, Channels and Marketing. Frances Abeton left the role of Director of Operations and Production Services at the end of 2018. In November 2018 Willie O'Reilly left the executive board to take up
4484-513: The position of chairman of iRadio , Geraldine O'Leary replaced him as commercial director; she initially did not sit on the executive board. In 2019 Rory Coveney became Director of Strategy and was appointed to the board, O'Leary was also appointed to the board at this time. Paula Mullooly then joined the Executive board as Legal Director. In 2020 Breda O'Keeffe left RTÉ "under a voluntary restructuring programme" and left her position as CFO and she
4560-457: The powers of the board are vested in the board as a whole, and not in the individual directors. However, in instances an individual director may still bind the company by their acts by virtue of their ostensible authority (see also: the rule in Turquand's Case ). Because directors exercise control and management over the organization, but organizations are (in theory) run for the benefit of
4636-565: The same time the previous year. The station's listened yesterday figure is an all-time high of 426,000 listeners, up 13,000 on 2019. Newstalk has a prime-time Market Share figure of 6.7%. In 1999 the Broadcasting Commission of Ireland (BCI) invited applications for a number of new Dublin radio services, expanding on the then duopoly of 98FM and FM104 . One was for a speech-based radio service. The Independent Local Radio (ILR) national news provider Independent Network News ,
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#17327833115304712-528: The secretive nature of the way most companies run their boards, however some standardization is beginning to develop. Some who are pushing for this standardization in the US are the National Association of Corporate Directors , McKinsey and The Board Group. A board of directors conducts its meetings according to the rules and procedures contained in its governing documents. These procedures may allow
4788-468: The shareholders are normally the same people, and thus there is no real division of power. In large public companies , the board tends to exercise more of a supervisory role, and individual responsibility and management tends to be delegated downward to individual professional executives (such as a finance director or a marketing director) who deal with particular areas of the company's affairs. Another feature of boards of directors in large public companies
4864-435: The shareholders in the company. The station first went on air (under its original name NewsTalk 106) on 9 April 2002, with David McWilliams the first presenter. In its original format, it offered Twenty-Twenty News , every twenty minutes. The first 20/20 news bulletins were presented by several newsreaders including Eimear Lowe, James Healy, Dyane Connor, Dimitri O'Donnell, Sean Archibald and Abigail Reilly. In September 2004
4940-459: The wake of the RTÉ secret payment scandal , Director of Strategy Rory Coveney resigned from his position with immediate effect following a meeting with the incoming Director General Kevin Bakhurst. On 10 July 2023, continuing from the fall our of the RTÉ secret payment scandal, Geraldine O'Leary announced her decision to retire early from RTÉ, she was due to retire later that year. On 11 October 2023 it
5016-483: Was able to take majority control of the station. Setanta and Hyper Trust remained as minority shareholders. In 2005, Elaine Geraghty, the original co-presenter of the breakfast time programme on 98FM, was appointed Chief Executive. On 22 May 2006, the Broadcasting Commission of Ireland (BCI), nowadays Broadcasting Authority of Ireland (BAI) announced that its new quasi-national speech-based contract
5092-413: Was announced that RTÉ's CFO Richard Collins had resigned from the organisation. It was announced that former Director of Content Jim Jennings would not take up a position on the leadership board on his return to work, however on 21 August 2024 it was announce that Jim Jennings would leave RTÉ as of 31 August 2024 following an agreement made at Workplace Relations Commission , WRC. The final members of
5168-555: Was appointed CEO. Schedule changes included the appointment of former Minister for Agriculture Ivan Yates as breakfast presenter, Damien Kiberd to Lunchtime presenter and the re-engagement of Eamon Dunphy to Sunday Newspaper review programme presenter. This schedule together with the continuity of George Hook, Off the Ball , Sean Moncrieff and Tom Dunne has driven the station to new heights of daily listenership and standing. The station now reaches 305,000 (JNLR February 2012) people daily,
5244-541: Was appointed Director General and took the position in July 2023, returning to the broadcaster after a period of 7 years. Adrian Lynch, Director of Channels & Marketing, was appointed to the position of Deputy Director General in June 2023; he also assumed the role of interim Director General following the suspension and later resignation of Dee Forbes , and prior to the arrival of Bakhurst in July 2023. On 7 July 2023, in
5320-542: Was appointed as Director of Audio, while Steve Carson, Director of BBC Scotland (TV channel) , was appointed Director of Video. Deputy director general Following RTÉ's defamation of Father Kevin Reynolds in its " Mission to Prey " episode of Prime Time , RTÉ announced that Ed Mulhall, MD News, had "retired" on 3 April 2012. In June 2023, RTÉ admitted that it paid its top presenter Ryan Tubridy €345,000 more than publicly declared between 2017 and 2022. Dee Forbes
5396-595: Was being awarded to Newstalk, who retained their 106 MHz frequency in Dublin while surrendering its Dublin ILR licence. Newstalk were the sole application for the licence. It began quasi-national broadcasts on 29 September 2006. The media expressed concern at its relative lack of star names and proliferation of unknowns, though noted the presence of George Hook and Seán Moncrieff. In 2009, Ms Geraghty resigned as CEO and Frank Cronin, Setanta's board representative since 2002,
5472-561: Was endorsed by the House of Lords in Quin & Axtens v Salmon [1909] AC 442 and has since received general acceptance. Under English law, successive versions of Table A have reinforced the norm that, unless the directors are acting contrary to the law or the provisions of the Articles, the powers of conducting the management and affairs of the company are vested in them. The modern doctrine
5548-518: Was expressed in John Shaw & Sons (Salford) Ltd v Shaw [1935] 2 KB 113 by Greer LJ as follows: A company is an entity distinct alike from its shareholders and its directors. Some of its powers may, according to its articles, be exercised by directors, certain other powers may be reserved for the shareholders in general meeting. If powers of management are vested in the directors, they and they alone can exercise these powers. The only way in which
5624-434: Was one of two applicants for this licence, and its applicant company, News 106, was awarded the franchise. However, before the station even went on air, several ILR companies decided that they did not want to be part of the venture, and the station's shareholding was restructured, with at launch, 98FM, FM104, Clare FM , Carlow Kildare Radio, LMFM , East Coast Radio , South East Radio and WLR FM , along with Setanta , being
5700-528: Was replaced by Richard Collins. On 21 June 2022, Jon Williams announced his resignation as Managing Director of RTÉ News and Current Affairs and stepped down at the end of July. He left RTÉ with an exit payment even though he left the broadcaster of his own accord. He was replaced by Deirdre McCarthy on an interim basis, before taking up the position permanently on 19 December 2022. It was announced on 18 April 2023 that Kevin Bakhurst , former Deputy Director General and Managing Director of News and Current Affairs
5776-424: Was suspended as Director General a day prior to the controversy, and ultimately resigned with immediate effect on 26 June. A statement from the interim Director General claimed that only Forbes had a complete picture, although someone prepared all the materials, advised her and enacted the actions to engage and pay Tubridy. Board of directors A board of directors is an executive committee that supervises
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