39-612: The Roatán Marine Park (RMP), based in Roatán , Honduras , is a grass roots, community-based, non-profit organization , non governmental organisation (NGO) established in January 2005 by a group of dive operators and local businesses that were concerned about the alarming rate of reef degradation in the Sandy Bay-West End Marine Reserve (SBWEMR). With a rapidly developing island, the number of challenges
78-513: A freebooter (filibuster) with a private army, to help end the crisis in 1860 by establishing an independent, English-speaking government over the islands; he eventually fell into the custody of the Honduran government , which executed him. In the 20th century, there was continued population growth resulting in increased economic changes and environmental challenges. A population boom began with an influx of Spanish-speaking Mestizo migrants from
117-521: A 200% increase in turtle nesting for the 2019 season, and new goals include expanding education outreach and local alternative livelihood programs. The Roatan Institute for Marine Sciences (RIMS) was established in 1989 with the primary objective being the preservation of Roatán's natural resources through education and research. RIMS is located in Sandy Bay, specifically in Anthony's Key Resort, on
156-487: A British colony with some islanders claiming descent from the British Isles . With the steady influx of mainland Hondurans migrating to the islands in the late twentieth century, Spanish language use has increased. However, because of the tourism and cruise ship industry that supports the economy of the islands, English continues to be the first spoken and dominant language among all native island peoples. Over time,
195-526: A haven for safe harbour and transport. English, French and Dutch pirates established settlements on the islands. They frequently raided the Spanish treasure ships, cargo vessels carrying gold and silver from the New World to Spain. In 1722 fisherman Philip Ashton was captured by the pirate Edward Low and managed to escape on a watering rendezvous on Roatan. His noted account of his subsequent year spent on
234-436: A strain on its natural resources. Deforestation , run-off, poorly managed waste treatment , and pollution are the main threats to the terrestrial and marine environments. The city of Coxen Hole underwent a major reconstruction between the years of 2003 to 2005 adding new black water and septic lines as well as fresh water lines to accommodate the growing business sector and population. These lines are used in conjunction with
273-565: A terminal that is served with nonstop international flights to Roatán from Houston, Atlanta, Dallas/Fort Worth, Miami, Denver, and San Salvador. Regional flights also operate to Puerto Lempira (PEU), Tegucigalpa (TGU), and San Pedro Sula (SAP). During the winter months, the island also receives international flights from Canadian-based airline, Sunwing Airlines, which operates flights to Montreal, Quebec City, and Toronto from mid November to mid April. Minnesota-based Sun Country Airlines also flies to Minneapolis from Roatan. WestJet started operations to
312-400: Is a coral island . Situated atop an exposed ancient coral reef , it rises to about 270 m (890 ft) above sea level. The easternmost quarter of the island is separated by a 15-meter-wide channel through the mangrove forest . This section is called Helene, or Santa Elena in Spanish. Satellite islands at the eastern end are Morat, Barbareta, and Pigeon Cay. Most of the infrastructure
351-482: Is a grassroots, community-based, non-profit organization located on Roatán. The organization was formed in January 2005 when a group of concerned dive operators and local businesses united in an effort to protect Roatán's fragile coral reefs. Initially, the RMP's goal was to run a patrol program within the Sandy Bay-West End Marine Reserve (SBWEMR), to prevent over exploitation through unsustainable fishing practices. Over time,
390-416: Is on the western half of the island. The most populous town of the island is Coxen Hole , capital of Roatán municipality, located in the southwest. West of Coxen Hole are the settlements of Gravel Bay, Flowers Bay and Keyhole Bay on the south coast, and Sandy Bay, West End and West Bay on the north coast. To the east of Coxen Hole are several cays, including Jesse Arch Cay, Sarah Cay, and Second Cay. Further to
429-603: Is to enable stable legal structures, physical environment, human rights, and taxation in order to encourage investment, migration, and economic development. This is the location of the private charter city of Próspera . Philip Ashton Philip Ashton (1702—1746) was a castaway on then-uninhabited Roatán island in the Gulf of Honduras for 16 months in 1723/1724. His memoirs about his solitary stay were published in book form in Boston in 1725. While some people believed it
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#1732780396220468-604: The Bay Islands of Honduras, it is located between the islands of Utila and Guanaja . It is approximately 77 kilometres (48 mi) long, and less than 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) across at its widest point. The island consists of two municipalities : José Santos Guardiola in the east and Roatán, including the Cayos Cochinos , in the west. The island was formerly known in English as Ruatan and Rattan . Roatán
507-911: The Cardwell Reforms into the Royal Berkshire Regiment ). In 1797, the British defeated the Garifuna , who had been supported by the French, in a conflict for control of the Windward Caribbean island of St. Vincent as part of the Second Carib War . The British then deported the Garifuna to Roatán. The majority of the Garifuna migrated to Trujillo on mainland Honduras, but a portion remained to found
546-641: The Cayman Islands . They arrived in the 1830s shortly after the passage of the 1833 Slavery Abolition Act ; the changes in the labour system disrupted the economic structure of the Caymans. The islands had a largely seafaring culture; natives were familiar with the area from turtle fishing and other activities. Former slaveholders from the Cayman Islands were among the first to settle in the seaside locations throughout primarily western Roatán. During
585-596: The Bay Islands are protected by the local and central government with help from charitable donations and those on the front line. Through local donations to the Marine Park and the many causes along with a concerted effort from the resorts on the island weekly clean-ups are undertaken to insure no metals or plastics litter the reef system and beaches as well as all major dive shops doing clean-ups on most of their daily dives. There are still obstacles to be defeated but
624-466: The Bay Islands encompasses the three major islands of Roatán, Útila and Guanaja, the Hog Islands, as well as the smaller islands or cays. These people are also called "Islanders", especially locally. English is the first language of native islanders, regardless of race, and Spanish is spoken second, whereas mainland Honduras is Spanish-speaking. It remains this way because of the islands' history as
663-469: The Bay Islands) since the early 19th century are chiefly of European and British-Afro-Caribbean descent and are called "Islanders" or "caracoles" (snails). They are called "caracoles" by Spanish-Speaking Hondurans, a term deemed offensive by native Islanders who have a long-standing rivalry with Spanish-speaking Hondurans because of their differences in culture, language, beliefs and ideals. The region of
702-523: The Englishman "went out but he never returned." The Englishman left behind a knife, gunpowder, tobacco and more. Ashton could then kill tortoises and crayfish and make fires to have hot meals. Ashton was finally rescued by the Diamond , a ship from Salem, Massachusetts . In 1725 Ashton's "Memorial" - a short recollection of his adventures - was published with the help of his minister. Daniel Defoe
741-535: The European powers, chiefly Britain and Spain. Sea travellers frequently stopped over at Roatán and the other islands as resting points. On several occasions, the islands were subject to military occupation. In contesting with the Spanish for colonisation of the Caribbean, the English occupied the Bay Islands on and off between 1550 and 1700. During this time, buccaneers found the vacated, mostly unprotected islands
780-524: The Honduran mainland. Since the late 20th century, they tripled the previous resident population. Mestizo migrants settled primarily in the urban areas of Coxen Hole and Barrio Los Fuertes (near French Harbour). Even the mainlander influx was dwarfed in number and economic effects by the overwhelming tourist presence in the 21st century. Numerous American, Canadian, British, New Zealander, Australian and South African settlers and entrepreneurs engaged chiefly in
819-1098: The Islanders and expatriates living on the islands have taken a united stand to conserve and educate. The Juan Manuel Gálvez International Airport (RTB) on Roatán is one of four airports able to receive international traffic that is in service in Honduras. The other airports in Honduras are the Ramon Villeda Morales International Airport (SAP) in San Pedro Sula, Toncontin International Airport (TGU) in Tegucigalpa , Goloson International Airport in La Ceiba (LCE), and Palmerola International Airport (XPL), in Comayagua. The island of Roatán airport has
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#1732780396220858-494: The RMP face increases daily. 16°18′18″N 86°35′36″W / 16.30508°N 86.59344°W / 16.30508; -86.59344 This Honduras location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Roat%C3%A1n Roatán ( Spanish pronunciation: [ro.a.ˈtan] ) is an island in the Caribbean , about 65 kilometres (40 mi) off the northern coast of Honduras . The largest of
897-576: The community of Punta Gorda on the northern coast of Roatán. The Garifuna, whose ancestry includes Arawak and Maroons , remained in Punta Gorda, becoming the Bay Island's first permanent post-Columbian settlers. They also migrated from there to parts of the northern coast of Central America, becoming the foundation of the modern-day Garífuna culture in Honduras, Belize and Guatemala. The majority permanent population of Roatán originated from
936-605: The east are the settlements of Mount Pleasant, French Harbour, French Cay, First Bight, Parrot Tree, Jonesville and Oakridge on the south coast, and Punta Gorda on the north coast. The indigenous people of the Bay Islands are believed to have been related to either the Paya , the Maya , the Lenca or the Tolupan , which were the tribes present on the mainland. Christopher Columbus visited
975-680: The entire Bay Islands. The language can also be learned, although it is not taught in the general sense, whilst the accent derives from the wide variety of expatriates living and working on the Islands from North America and Europe. Roatán lies on the southern edge of the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System , the second-largest barrier reef in the world. Reef systems are very delicate and have experienced massive damage and degradation worldwide. On Roatán, unchecked tourism development and an increased population are putting
1014-730: The fishing industry. Later, the diving industry, provided the foundation for attracting the tourist trade. In 1998, Roatán suffered some damage from Hurricane Mitch , temporarily paralysing most commercial activity. The storm also broke up the popular dive-wrecks Aguila and Odyssey. At the time of the 2013 Honduras census, Roatán municipality had a population of 41,831. Of these, 52.06% were Mestizo , 20.97% Black or Afro-Honduran , 12.41% White , 11.19% Indigenous (3.73% Chʼortiʼ , 3.49% Lenca , 1.26% Miskito , 1.07% Pech ) and 3.37% others. The English-speaking people who have been established in Northern Honduras (specifically,
1053-594: The form of English spoken by the Roatán Islanders has changed. The language differs mostly in morphology but also in pronunciation and accent and, to a lesser extent, in syntax and vocabulary, from the English spoken in other regions of the Commonwealth Caribbean , as evidenced by the usage of a wide variety of old standard English terms and words throughout the islands. They are similar enough to be mutually intelligible and understood throughout
1092-473: The island in 2019. The island formerly had service to Milan, Italy, operated by Air Italy. The Galaxy Wave ferry provides service from Roatán to La Ceiba twice daily. The Utila Dream ferry provides service from Roatán to Utila to La Ceiba twice daily. Roatán contains a special economic zone "Zona de Empleo y de Desarrollo Económico" (ZEDE) or Zone for Economic Development and Employment, designated by Honduran constitutional provisions and legislation. The goal
1131-498: The late 1830s and 1840s, former slaves also migrated from the Cayman Islands, in larger number than planters. All together, the former Cayman peoples became the largest cultural group on the island. For a brief period in the 1850s, Britain declared the Bay Islands its colony. Within a decade, the Crown ceded the territory formally back to Honduras . British colonists were sent to compete for control. They asked American William Walker ,
1170-566: The local government passed a law banning the use and sale of plastic bags, bottles, containers and styrofoam. The Island expects to continue passing comprehensive environmental and pollution reforms through 2020 and beyond. The island is part of the Islas de la Bahía y Cayos Cochinos Important Bird Area (IBA), designated as such by BirdLife International because it supports significant populations of white-crowned pigeons , chimney swifts and yellow-naped amazons . The Roatán Marine Park (RMP)
1209-556: The neighboring island of Guanaja on his fourth voyage (1502–1504). Soon after, the Spanish began trading in the islands for slave labour. More devastating for the local people was exposure to infectious diseases to which they had no immunity, such as smallpox and measles . Throughout the European colonial era, the Bay of Honduras attracted an array of individual settlers, pirates, traders and military forces. Various economic activities were engaged in and political struggles played out between
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1248-543: The new water treatment plant and a waste management plant that recycles waste which are adjacent to the Roatán International Airport. A similar project has been completed and now serving West End Village (the Island's tourism, social and diving hub) with even greater success than its predecessors. Although the project was initially met with some skepticism and anger at a tax hike proposed to help fund
1287-410: The northwest coast of Roatán with over 50 kilometres (30 miles) of fringing and barrier reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves, and shoreline. Over the past twenty five years, RIMS has established itself as a teaching institution and is visited by colleges as well as universities from abroad to study nearby tropical marine ecosystems and the bottlenose dolphins kept by the facility. All reef systems throughout
1326-512: The organisation expanded the scope of their environmental efforts through the addition of other programs to protect Roatán's natural resources, including patrols and infrastructure, education, conservation and public awareness. The East End Chapter of the Roatan Marine Park was created in late 2017 in an effort to expand the RMP's efforts across the entire island. The initiative and volunteer efforts saw an increase in fish coverage and
1365-627: The pirates, he was often threatened, especially by Low's quartermaster John Russell . He managed to escape in March 1723 when the pirates landed at Roatán Island in the Bay Islands of Honduras , hiding in the jungle until the pirates decided to depart without him. He survived for 16 months, in spite of many insects, tropical heat and alligators . In the beginning he seems to have eaten only fruit, because he only had his hands to collect food; he could not kill any animal. He had no equipment at all until he met another castaway, an Englishman. A few days later
1404-534: The project, it has turned out to be an overwhelming success with a new state of the art road, pumping station, sewer lines and drainage system. The project and its facilities are currently maintained and operated by ACME sanitation and solutions. It was not that long ago where "sanitation" was provided by hundreds of out-houses located at the ends of short boardwalks over the water. In the smaller communities, this "system" may still be in use. The Island has also expanded, repaved and revamped both its major highway roads with
1443-400: The south and north side portions being completed by mid-2020. The Roatán Marine Park was the main force behind introducing recycling to the Island as well as the popular "Coastal clean up" projects that have become very popular among schools, residents and expatriate communities on the Island. The Marine Park is led by a team of professional divers, marine biologists and oceanographers. In 2019
1482-621: The uninhabited island provides a glimpse of the island after the eradication of the Paya and before colonisation. During the War of the Austrian Succession , a British Army detachment under the command of John Caulfield garrisoned the island from 1742 to 1749. The garrison originally consisted of two companies of Gooch's American Regiment , but these were eventually amalgamated into the 49th Regiment of Foot (later amalgamated as part of
1521-571: Was a novel in the style of Robinson Crusoe (1719), Ashton's book was the account of a genuine experience. He was born in Marblehead, Massachusetts in 1702 and married twice. In June 1722, Ashton was captured by pirates while fishing near the coast of Shelburne, Nova Scotia . In the Boston News Letter of 9 July 1722, Ashton was listed as being one of those captured by the pirate Edward Low . As Ashton refused to co-operate with
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