Misplaced Pages

#220779

66-452: The Rock-Ola Scale Company was founded in 1927 by David Cullen Rockola to manufacture coin-operated entertainment machines. During the 1920s, Rockola was linked with Chicago organized crime and escaped a jail sentence by turning State's Evidence . Mr. Rockola added the hyphen because people often mispronounced his name. The name was changed to Rock-Ola Manufacturing Corporation in 1932. The company successfully expanded its production line through

132-741: A Japanese presence came. According to John Kaji, a Torrance resident quoted in Public Radio International who was the son of Toyota's first American-based accountant, the Japanese corporate presence in Torrance, beginning with Toyota, attracted many ethnic Japanese. Toyota moved its operations to its Torrance campus in 1982 because of its proximity to the Port of Long Beach and Los Angeles International Airport , and many other Japanese companies followed suit. In 2014, Toyota announced it

198-475: A criminal. Four attempts were made to introduce the system to anti-terror legislation, but it was not included in the 1976 legislation. Additionally, Germany lacked a witness protection program such as that found in the United States; Ulrich Schmücker was murdered after he informed on his former associates in the 2 June Movement . Another crown witness, Karl-Heinz Ruhland , recanted his testimony against

264-462: A customer relations and services office, in Torrance. The Toyota Motor Company of Japan established a U.S. headquarters on October 31, 1957, at a former Rambler dealership in Hollywood. Toyota sold 287 Toyopet Crowns and one Land Cruiser during the company's first year of U.S. operation. It moved Toyota Motor Sales USA operations to Torrance in 1982, because of easy access to port facilities and

330-663: A defendant who agrees to cooperate with prosecutors and give information against co-conspirators (often those with greater culpability) is also said to flip . Witnesses who have turned state's evidence have been important in organized crime cases in the United States, such as those against the American Mafia . The first mafiosi who turned state's evidence, such as Joseph Valachi and Jimmy Fratianno , did so in response to threats on their life from Mafia associates; later cooperators were motivated to cooperate in order to avoid heavy sentences, such as those provided for under

396-550: A key role in the founding of Torrance. The Pacific Electric Red Car connected downtown Los Angeles to the new development of downtown Torrance. Designed in 1912 by Irving Gill, the terminus depot of the Red Car line was designed in a Spanish revival style popularized during this era. In May 1913, the Pacific Electric Railroad Bridge was built. Often called the "El Prado Bridge", it further expanded

462-415: A law effectively called the "crown witness rule" which enabled witnesses in terror related cases to turn state's evidence. Initially only valid until 1992, it was extended several times until it was abolished in 1999. A law adopted in 2000 lowered the sentence of a witness who came to an agreement with the prosecution in trials concerning money-laundering, but it was not called a crown witness rule. In 2009

528-602: A lesser penalty, such as life imprisonment or abjuration of the realm ) or improving prison conditions. It has its origins in the 16th century, and allowed a person to become a crown witness and avoid pleading guilty. Even at this early stage, the courts saw crown witness testimony as less reliable than other evidence, because it was encouraged in return for better treatment before the law. In 1751, regulations were introduced, stipulating that crown witness testimony should be corroborated with independent, third-party evidence. Crown witnesses known as supergrasses were used during

594-411: A male householder with no wife present. There were 2,152 (3.8%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 309 (0.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 14,472 households (25.8%) were made up of individuals, and 5,611 (10.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58. There were 38,412 families (68.6% of all households); the average family size

660-531: A mixed industrial–residential community south of Los Angeles . They purchased part of an old Spanish land grant and hired landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. to design a planned community . The resulting town was founded in October 1912 and named after Torrance. The city of Torrance was formally incorporated in May 1921, the townsite initially being bounded by Western Avenue on the east, Del Amo Boulevard on

726-602: A new crown witness rule came into force and since then, witnesses in a wider range of cases have been allowed to become a crown witnesses. The incentives to turn state's evidence, or to not to do so, are explored in the famous prisoner's dilemma , created by Merrill Flood and Melvin Dresher . Torrance, California Torrance is a coastal city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area , located in southwest Los Angeles County, California , United States . The city

SECTION 10

#1732794622221

792-434: A new model every year up until 1942 when the constraints of World War II had an impact. After the war, they produced what some consider as their most attractive 78rpm player, the model 1428. In the early 1950s, the arrival of the 45rpm seven inch record brought major changes to jukebox designs for all manufacturers. The first 45rpm player from Rock-Ola was the model 1434 which held 25 records, and thus 50 selections. In 1954,

858-437: A witness who testifies against co-conspirator(s) may be important evidence . According to a 2008 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime document, persons who turn state's evidence "are known by a variety of names, including cooperating witnesses, crown witnesses, snitches, witness collaborators, justice collaborators, state witnesses, 'supergrasses', macarons and pentiti (Italian for 'those who have repented')." In

924-481: Is a major local issue. Torrance is also home to the main bakery facility for King's Hawaiian , the dominant brand of Hawaiian bread in North America. Younger Optics, Torrance's 10th-largest employer, created the first seamless or "invisible" bifocal. The headquarters of Mitsuwa Marketplace and Nijiya Market are both located in Torrance. All Nippon Airways operates its United States headquarters,

990-608: Is about 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Downtown Los Angeles . Torrance Beach lies between Redondo Beach and Malaga Cove on Santa Monica Bay . The southernmost stretch of Torrance Beach, on a cove at the northern end of the Palos Verdes peninsula, is known to locals as Rat Beach (Right After Torrance). An urban wetland , the Madrona Marsh is a nature preserve on land once set for oil production and saved from development, with restoration projects enhancing

1056-466: Is home to the U.S. headquarters of Japanese automaker American Honda Motor Company and its luxury vehicle division, Acura . Robinson Helicopters are designed and built in Torrance as are Honeywell 's Garrett turbochargers , used on automobile engines worldwide. Alcoa Fastening Systems (now known as Arconic) is headquartered in Torrance, producing aerospace fasteners. Pacific Sales , Pelican Products , Virco , and Rapiscan Systems are among

1122-536: Is part of what is known as the South Bay region of the metropolitan area. A small section of the city, 1.5 miles (2.4 km), abuts the Pacific Ocean . Torrance has a moderate year-round climate with average rainfall of 12 inches (300 mm) per year. Torrance was incorporated in 1921, and at the 2020 census had a population of 147,067 residents. Torrance has a beachfront and has 30 parks located around

1188-520: Is under review to be classified as a historical district . Some of the early civic and residential buildings were designed by the renowned and innovative Southern California architect Irving Gill , in his distinctive combining of Mission Revival and early Modernist architecture . Torrance was planned as a new prototype of a balanced industrial city based on the principles of the Garden City Movement . The original tract developed by

1254-661: The 35th Senate District , represented by Democrat Steven Bradford . In the California State Assembly , it is in the 66th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Al Muratsuchi . In the United States House of Representatives , Torrance is split between California's 33rd congressional district , represented by Democrat Pete Aguilar , and California's 43rd congressional district , represented by Democrat Maxine Waters . The United States Postal Service operates

1320-556: The Baader–Meinhof Group , as he initially did not receive protection from the state. The treatment crown witnesses received at this time was viewed as illegal by the media, but necessary by the prosecution. In 1981, Germany introduced a "small crown witness rule" in drug-related trials which permitted a lower sentence for witnesses who turned state's evidence. In 1989, during the Government of Helmut Kohl , Germany introduced

1386-1225: The Great Depression to include furniture. Starting in 1935, Rock-Ola sold more than 400,000 jukeboxes under the Rock-Ola brand name, which predated the rock and roll era by two decades, and is thought to have inspired the term. Rock-Ola became a prime contractor for production of the M1 carbine for the US Military during World War II . Rock-Ola machined receivers , barrels , bolts , firing pins , extractors , triggers , trigger housings, sears , operating slides, gas cylinders, and recoil plates. Rock-Ola used its furniture machinery to manufacture stocks and handguards for its own production and for other prime contractors, and subcontracted production of other machined parts. Rock-Ola delivered 228,500 military carbines at $ 58 each before contracts were cancelled on May 31, 1944. Rock-Ola also produced approximately sixty "presentation" carbines as gifts to company executives and other officials. Presentation carbines were finished in polished blue rather than

SECTION 20

#1732794622221

1452-670: The Northern Ireland conflict . In the 1980s, about 30 members of paramilitary groups (both loyalist and republican ) gave the authorities evidence against their former comrades in exchange for a more lenient sentence (or immunity from prosecution), as well as a new identity to protect them from retribution. Supergrass testimony was used, for example, in trials against IRA members. American courts adopted English common-law practices relating to witnesses turning state's evidence, "and expanded them to include leniency agreements as well as immunity agreements." In American parlance,

1518-547: The Olmstead Brothers consists of 109 city blocks divided into three sub-districts: residential, commercial, and industrial. The plan is most notable for its axial landscaped downtown commercial neighborhood aligned to have a view of Mount San Antonio in the San Gabriel Mountains. The Olmsted Tract includes a number of buildings designed by the noted Southern California Architect Irving Gill, including

1584-481: The Pacific Electric Railway . Torrance has a general aviation airport, originally named simply "Torrance Airport" and since renamed Zamperini Field after local track star, World War II hero and Torrance High graduate Louis Zamperini . The airport handles approximately 175,000 annual take-offs and landings (473 per day), down from the 1974 record of 428,000 operations. Airport noise abatement

1650-658: The RICO Act . Some who turned state's evidence were permitted to participate in the Witness Security Program (WITSEC). Among the highest-ranking Mafia members to turn state's evidence was Salvatore Gravano ("Sammy the Bull"), an underboss of the Gambino crime family who pleaded guilty to 19 murders and agreed to testify against family boss John Gotti ; as a result, Gravano was sentenced to 5 years and Gotti

1716-609: The United Kingdom and the Commonwealth realms , the term is to turn Queen's or King's evidence , depending on the sex of the reigning monarch. The term "turning approver" or "turn king's approver" was also historically used, especially in Ireland; an approver "not only admitted his own guilt to a crime but also incriminated his accomplices both past and present" in exchange for avoiding a death sentence (and obtaining

1782-477: The 6,221,220 made. The relative rarity and the distinctive name increase the value of Rock-Ola carbines; and the presentation carbines are highly prized among collectors. In 1952, a Rock-Ola M1 carbine was the murder weapon used in the killing of a prominent British scientist and his family who were holidaying in France. Rock-Ola was also the maker of shuffleboard tables from 1948 to 1950. Considered by collectors

1848-510: The AMI Network. Rock-Ola continues to manufacture Nostalgic style CD-jukeboxes and has also added state-of-the-art digital touch screen technology for the home market. The Rock-Ola line of Nostalgic Music Centers was introduced in 2006. Two new music center models, the "Mystic" and the "Q", were introduced in 2008. Rock-Ola models include: Harley-Davidson, Jack-Daniel's, Peacock, Gazelle, American - Beauties, President, Commando, Spectravox, and

1914-602: The Cadillac of shuffleboards due to their Art Deco styling with curving woodwork and much chrome, they are highly sought after by players. In the early 1980s, Rock-Ola produced video arcade machines, including Fantasy , (1981), Jump Bug (1981), and Eyes (1982). The most successful Rock-Ola arcade game was Nibbler . David Rockola saw the repeal of prohibition in the USA in 1932 as an opportunity to expand his amusement business into coin operated phonographs, to be placed in

1980-567: The Chicago company in 1992 and moved it to Torrance. Walder-Smith will keep the production in Torrance and as well as expand operations will launch a brand new vinyl 45 Jukebox in early 2020. Images: Rock-Ola model 404 "Capri II" Turn state%27s evidence A criminal turns state's evidence by admitting guilt and testifying as a witness for the state against their associate(s) or accomplice(s) , often in exchange for leniency in sentencing or immunity from prosecution . The testimony of

2046-664: The City of Torrance, the Torrance Cultural Arts Foundation (TOCA) provides diverse cultural, educational and entertainment experiences. Additional performances are provided by the Torrance Performing Arts Consortium, including The Aerospace Players , Torrance Art Museum, Los Cancioneros Master Chorale, South Bay Ballet, South Bay Conservatory, and The Torrance Symphony. In the 2010 Rose Parade , City of Torrance's entry won

Rock-Ola - Misplaced Pages Continue

2112-487: The LAX airport. In 2013, it sold 2.2 million vehicles in the U.S. In 2014, it announced it would move 3,000 of its white-collar employees to Plano, Texas to be closer to its American factories. Numerous other Japanese firms followed Toyota to Los Angeles, because of its location and its reputation as the national trend-setter. The Los Angeles South Bay area, as of 2014, has the largest concentration of Japanese companies in

2178-583: The Red Car line to Torrance in the 1940s. The bridge became the city of Torrance's second entry in the National Register of Historic Places on July 13, 1989, and is used as a logo for the city's new wayfinding signage and city materials. Torrance is a coastal community in southwestern Los Angeles County sharing the climate and geographical features common to the Greater Los Angeles area . Its boundaries are: Redondo Beach Boulevard and

2244-530: The Theme trophy for excellence in presenting parade theme. In 2016, the City of Torrance float won the Princess trophy for most beautiful float 35 feet and under. These Torrance landmarks are on the National Register of Historic Places : The Torrance City Parks Department directs and maintains the thirty Torrance City Parks . They include: The City of Torrance is a charter city . The original city charter

2310-1032: The Torrance Post Office at 2510 Monterey Street, the Marcelina Post Office at 1433 Marcelina Avenue, the Walteria Post Office at 4216 Pacific Coast Highway, the North Torrance Post Office at 18080 Crenshaw Boulevard, and the Del Amo Post Office at 291 Del Amo Fashion Square. Zip codes 90277, 90501, 90503, 90504, 90505. There are two major hospitals in Torrance: Torrance Memorial Medical Center and Little Company of Mary Hospital . A third hospital, Los Angeles County Department of Health Services Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , lies just outside

2376-410: The United States. The Armed Forces Day Parade in Torrance, which was first produced in 1960, is the longest-running military parade sponsored by a city. It is held annually on Armed Forces Day, and runs down Torrance Boulevard. The parade features military vehicles, school bands, and prominent community members. The Torrance Cultural Arts Center hosts cultural events year-round. In partnership with

2442-477: The automotive industry. Because of this, many Japanese restaurants and other cultural offerings are in the city, and Willy Blackmore of L.A. Weekly wrote that Torrance was "essentially Japan's 48th prefecture ". Japanese supermarkets, schools, and banks serve the community. In the pre- World War II period, the South Bay region was one of the few areas that allowed non-U.S. citizens to acquire property, so

2508-606: The budget of the city. The City Council appoints the City Manager and the City Attorney. The city has 13 appointed boards and commissions which advise the council on matters of concern to local residents, such as the city airport, arts, parks, and libraries. In the California State Senate , Torrance is split between the 26th Senate District , represented by Democrat María Elena Durazo , and

2574-623: The cities of Lawndale and Gardena to the north; Western Avenue and the Harbor Gateway neighborhood of Los Angeles to the east; the Palos Verdes Hills with the cities of Lomita , Rolling Hills Estates and Palos Verdes Estates on the south; and the Pacific Ocean and the city of Redondo Beach to the west. The western portion of Torrance is in ZIP Code 90277 which is a city of Redondo Beach postal address. It

2640-670: The city. It is also the birthplace of the American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO). For thousands of years, the area of Torrance was occupied by the Tongva Native Americans . The land that is now part of the City of Torrance and much of the modern South Bay was part of the extensive marshlands. In 1784, the Spanish Crown deeded Rancho San Pedro (including present-day Torrance), a tract of over 75,000 acres (300 km ) in

2706-467: The dull Parkerizing used on military weapons, and were accompanied by a custom-made wooden case including the name of the recipient engraved on a brass plate. Some of the presentation carbines had no serial numbers, while others were numbered in a special sequence preceded by "EX". Military production carbines had serial numbers in the following range: Rock-Ola's production total was the lowest of any successful carbine prime contractor, amounting to 3.7% of

Rock-Ola - Misplaced Pages Continue

2772-564: The first "Nostalgic" Jukeboxes with a modern Rowe mechanism 45 rpm and later with a Philips CD-Player. Antique Apparatus acquired the Rock-Ola Corporation and name in 1992. The company currently operates in Torrance, California manufacturing a variety of jukeboxes for both commercial and home entertainment. Commercial jukeboxes feature touch screens, Peavey power amps and digital downloading of music and ad content, delivered by

2838-607: The industrial heart of the South Bay. The concrete double-tracked arch bridge was the Pacific Electric Railway's first interurban line that connected north–south to San Pedro via the Gardena Line. The bridge was used for transporting freight and commuting workers to Torrance factories. The Red Car line connected under the bridge as it connected to the train depot located on Cabrillo Avenue. The bridge no longer carries any rail cars, with Pacific Electric closing

2904-650: The jukebox manufacturer Seeburg Corporation brought out their model HF100R. This had a major influence on Rock-Ola who then brought to market a series of models very similar in appearance to the Seeburg, these being the model 1448 in 1955, through to the model 1465 in 1958. The late 1950s to the early 1960s saw Rock-Ola manufacture a variety of popular jukebox models, the best-sellers being the Tempo, Regis, Princess, and Empress models. Visible playing mechanisms eventually disappeared from Rock-Ola and all other manufacturers by

2970-527: The mall spanning Carson Street joined the two centers by 1982, making it the largest mall in the world at the time. In 2005, the east end of the original mall north of Carson Street was demolished to make way for a new open-air shopping center, opened in mid-September 2006. This was followed in 2015 by the opening of an expanded northern Fashion Wing, with Nordstrom as the mall anchor and supplemented by luxury retailers such as Kate Spade , Hugo Boss , Uniqlo , Michael Kors , and Ben Bridge . The Old Towne Mall

3036-542: The mid 1960s. Rock-Ola continued to manufacture jukeboxes into the 1970s and beyond, although the units themselves eventually became less conspicuous in the bars and clubs where they were located, ultimately most being placed out of sight. Rock-Ola eventually sold out to Antique Apparatus in 1992, and they continue to manufacture several models of jukeboxes under the Rock-Ola name today. In 1977, Glenn Streeter's Antique Apparatus Company engineered, refined and manufactured

3102-559: The neighboring city of Gardena. As of the census of 2000, there were 137,946 people, 54,542 households, and 36,270 families residing in the city. The population density was 6,715.7 inhabitants per square mile (2,592.9/km ). There were 55,967 housing units at an average density of 2,724.7 units per square mile (1,052.0 units/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 59.2% White , 28.6% Asian , 2.2% Black or African American , 0.4% Native American , 0.4% Pacific Islander , 4.6% from other races , and 4.7% from two or more races. 12.8% of

3168-504: The new Bubblers 100 CD and its version Music - Center with a 1-terabyte hard disk drive (equivalent to 15,000 compact discs). In 2019, a British company purchased Torrance-based Rock-Ola Manufacturing LLC; Alexander Walder-Smith, the CEO of The Games Room Company, a high-end retailer of luxury entertainment products and longtime Rock-Ola distributor, purchased the privately held company from Rancho Palos Verdes resident Glenn Streeter, who acquired

3234-438: The north, Crenshaw Boulevard on the west, and on the south by Plaza del Amo east of where it meets Carson Street, and by Carson Street west of where it meets Plaza del Amo. The first residential avenue created in Torrance was Gramercy and the second avenue was Andreo. Many of the houses on these avenues reached the centennial mark in 2012. Both avenues are located in the area referred to as Old Torrance. This section of Torrance

3300-443: The now legal bars and nightclubs. The new jukeboxes would use the brand name “Rock-Ola” and the first model – the model A – was introduced in 1935. This was a 12 selection jukebox which was replaced by 20 selection jukeboxes by 1937, the first being the model IMP-20. Many people erroneously assume the name "Rock-Ola" was a take on the famous " Victrola " brand of phonographs manufactured by RCA Victor . Rock-Ola continued to produce

3366-464: The original train depot. The footprint of the downtown neighborhood, now called Old Torrance, was designed on a diagonal to allow the trade breezes coming from the Pacific Ocean to keep the air clean from industrial pollution for the residential and commercial neighborhoods. The industrial sections of the city were placed on the eastern side of the original tract. Public transportation played

SECTION 50

#1732794622221

3432-515: The other companies based in Torrance. According to the city's 2023 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, the city's top 10 employers (by number of employees) are: The Del Amo Fashion Center , at 2.5 million square feet (230,000 m ), is one of the five largest malls in the United States by gross leasable area. The current mall was created when Del Amo Center, built in 1958, merged with Del Amo Fashion Square, built in 1972. Once located on opposite sides of Carson Street, an expansion of

3498-436: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 54,542 households, out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.1% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.5% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

3564-404: The population) lived in households, 506 (0.3%) homeless who lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 640 (0.4%) were institutionalized. There were 56,001 households, out of which 18,558 (33.1%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 29,754 (53.1%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 6,148 (11.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 2,510 (4.5%) had

3630-463: The province of Las Californias of New Spain , to soldier Juan José Domínguez. It was later divided in 1846, with Governor Pío Pico granting Rancho de los Palos Verdes to José Loreto and Juan Capistrano Sepulveda in the Alta California territory of independent Mexico . In the early 1900s, real estate developer Jared Sidney Torrance and other investors saw the value of creating

3696-596: The top Lathrop K. Leishman trophy for its Garden of Dreams float, judged as the "Most Beautiful Non-Commercial" float. In 2011, Torrance won the Tournament Volunteers' Trophy for best floral design of parade theme under 35 feet in length. In 2012, the city's entry won the Governor's Trophy for best depiction of life in California. In 2015, an entry honoring Rose Parade Grand Marshal Louis Zamperini won

3762-443: The vital habitat for birds, wildlife, and native plants . Torrance has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen : Csb ), bordering with a semi-arid climate ( Bsk ). The rainy season is November through March, as shown in the adjacent table. Summers tend to be warm but dry, despite Torrance's proximity to the coast. The 2010 United States Census reported that Torrance had a population of 145,438. The population density

3828-527: Was $ 79,312, and the median income for a family was $ 98,473. Males had a median income of $ 50,606 versus $ 36,334 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 39,118. About 4.7% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over. As of 2014, Torrance had the second-largest concentration of people of Japanese ancestry of any U.S. city, after Honolulu . The city has offices of numerous Japanese companies, including those in

3894-399: Was 0.8%; the rental vacancy rate was 5.3%. 85,308 people (58.7% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units, and 58,984 people (40.6%) lived in rental housing units. As of March 2019, Torrance had a median household income of $ 85,070 and a median family income of $ 102,637. Torrance has the second-highest percentage of residents of Japanese ancestry in California (8.9%), after

3960-409: Was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.10. In the city, 23.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.8% was from 18 to 24, 32.4% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% was 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males. The median income for a household in the city in 2008

4026-579: Was 3.14. There were 31,831 people (21.9%) under the age of 18, 10,875 (7.5%) aged 18 to 24, 38,296 (26.3%) aged 25 to 44, 42,710 (29.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 21,726 (14.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males. There were 58,377 housing units at an average density of 2,840.3 units per square mile (1,096.6 units/km ), of which 31,621 (56.5%) were owner-occupied, and 24,380 (43.5%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate

SECTION 60

#1732794622221

4092-456: Was 7,076.1 inhabitants per square mile (2,732.1/km ). The racial makeup of Torrance was 74,333 (51.1%) White (42.3% Non-Hispanic White), 50,240 (34.5%) Asian , 3,955 (2.7%) African American , 554 (0.4%) Native American , 530 (0.4%) Pacific Islander , 7,808 (5.4%) from other races , and 8,018 (5.5%) from two or more races. There were 23,440 Hispanic or Latino residents, of any race (16.1%). The Census reported that 144,292 people (99.2% of

4158-415: Was an entertainment-themed mall operating in the 1970s. As a major oil-producing region, Torrance was once dotted with thousands of oil wells and oil derricks . Though the oil wells are not as common as they once were, the Torrance oil refinery owned by PBF Energy in the north end of the city is responsible for much of Southern California's gasoline supply. Torrance was an important hub and shop site of

4224-460: Was moving its U.S. headquarters to Plano, Texas . As of 1992 , about 60% of the Korean population in the South Bay region lived in Torrance and Gardena . In 1990, 5,888 ethnic Koreans lived in Torrance, a 256% increase from the 1980 figure of 1,652. In 2022, Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority 's Greater Los Angeles Homeless Count counted 306 homeless individuals in Torrance. Torrance

4290-659: Was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1992. Joseph Massino was also the first boss of one of the Five Families in New York City to turn state's evidence. A crown witness style system has operated in Germany since the RAF trials in the 1970s. The Justice Minister at that time, Diether Posser , wanted to enable witnesses to testify in return for a lenient sentence if there was little chance of successfully prosecuting

4356-754: Was voted on and ratified by the qualified electors at an election held August 20, 1946, and filed with the Secretary of State January 7, 1947. The elective officers of the city are the mayor, six members of the City Council, five members of the Board of Education, the City Clerk and the City Treasurer. Using the council-manager form of government, the City Council, as the elected body, adopts legislation, sets policy, adjudicates issues, and establishes

#220779