121-750: Radio Disney was an American radio network operated by the Disney Radio Networks unit of Disney Branded Television within Disney General Entertainment Content , headquartered in Burbank, California . The network broadcast music programming oriented towards children, pre-teens and teenagers, focusing mainly on current hit music and a heavy emphasis on teen idols (particularly those signed with Disney Music Group record labels, such as Hollywood and Walt Disney ); compared to most CHR stations, Radio Disney
242-704: A Spanish Christian radio format known as "Radio Luz Dallas" and is owned by the Salem Media Group . Studios and offices are on North Belt Line Road in Irving . The transmitter is located on County Road 409 in McKinney . The station originally had its start in Wichita Falls, Texas , as KWFT. It signed on in 1939 on 620 kilocycles and broadcast in Wichita Falls until 1994. KWFT
363-517: A July 1912 broadcast by Charles Herrold in San Jose, California that featured records supplied by the Wiley B. Allen company. However, this quickly fell out of favor once stations began to be numbered in the hundreds, and phonograph companies found that excessive repetition was hurting sales. The earliest U.S. radio stations were commercial-free, with their operations paid for by their owners. However,
484-463: A broadcast station category. As of January 1, 1922 there were twenty-nine formally recognized broadcasting stations, in addition to a few experimental and amateur stations still in the process of being converted to meet the new standard. By mid-1922 a "radio craze" began, and at the end of the year there were over 500 stations, with the number of listeners now counted in the hundreds of thousands. Even President Warren G. Harding, whose May 1922 speech to
605-622: A business and financial news/talk format. On October 1, 2015, KMKI changed its call letters to KEXB (standing for Experts in Business), and took over the business news/talk format from KVCE. Radio Disney programming for the region later moved to KLUV 's HD3 digital subchannel after the network's seven-month absence from the DFW radio market . KEXB carried syndicated radio shows such as Bloomberg Radio and Ray Lucia . It also aired brokered programming from financial planners who paid for time on
726-504: A few entertainment broadcasts in the summer of 1920. As others joined the broadcasting ranks, in the late summer of 1920 QST magazine reported that "it is the rare evening that the human voice and strains of music do not come in over the air". However, broadcasting efforts were still scattered and largely unorganized. In the fall of 1920 a major industrial firm, the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co. , entered
847-605: A few government stations renewed experimental work with broadcasting technology, and in February 1919 the Bureau of Standards in Washington, D.C. gave a public demonstration, predicting that "Washington merrymakers will soon be able to dance to the music made by an orchestra on one of New York's roof gardens". By May of the next year the Bureau was broadcasting weekly Friday night concerts over its station, WWV , and it displayed
968-760: A group headed by RCA, which used the assets to form the National Broadcasting Company . Under the new management the WEAF chain became the NBC Red network, while the WJZ chain became the NBC Blue network. The agreement with AT&T gave NBC access to AT&T's long-distance lines for station links, and also allowed the new network to sell advertising. The Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) began in 1927 as an initially struggling attempt to compete with
1089-594: A handful of local stations serving the Haitian diaspora and Creole populations also serve areas in the southeast. There are also radio stations broadcasting in the Navajo language to members of the Navajo tribe in Arizona , New Mexico , and Utah . Spanish language radio is the largest non-English broadcasting media. While other foreign language broadcasting declined steadily, Spanish broadcasting grew steadily from
1210-553: A licensing agreement starting immediately that allowed the lyrics to be seen along with the song online on Radio Disney Internet Radio Player. The channel began streaming live on iTunes Radio Tuner in August 2008. In November 2008, Radio Disney relocated its main operations from Dallas to Los Angeles. The former radio studio that housed Radio Disney in Dallas began to be used by The Kidd Kraddick Morning Show in 2008. On October 8, 2008
1331-457: A majority did by 1931 and 75 percent did by 1937. It was the first electronic " mass medium " technology, and its introduction, along with the subsequent development of sound films , ended the print monopoly of mass media. During the Golden Age of Radio it had a major cultural and financial impact on the country. However, the rise of television broadcasting in the 1950s relegated radio to
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#17327975842931452-574: A new logo, which was followed by the network redesigning its website, and changing its slogan to "Your Music, Your Way" on May 28, 2002. On July 30, 2003, ABC Radio Networks founded the Radio Disney Group , who took over operations of most of Radio Disney's stations. 2006 marked the network's 10th anniversary; Radio Disney rebroadcast its first hour of programming from November 18, 1996, on June 6, 2006, at around 4:58 pm. ET on stations in selected markets, such as WQEW . Also, as part of
1573-410: A nominal cost, thereby ensuring the widest possible distribution for both the programming and the advertising. The advertisers then became the network's primary clients and, because of the wider distribution brought by the growing network, Paley was able to charge more for the ad time. Affiliates were required to carry programming offered by the network for part of the broadcast day, receiving a portion of
1694-404: A prototype "portaphone" receiver, which would allow the public to keep "in touch with the news, weather reports, radiophone conversations, radiophone music, and any other information transmitted by radio". However, the Bureau soon concluded that it had successfully achieved its goal of demonstrating broadcasting's practicality, and ended its entertainment broadcasts over WWV that August. Although
1815-502: A secondary status, as much of its programming and audience shifted to the new "sight joined with sound" service. Originally the term "radio" only included transmissions freely received over-the-air, such as the AM and FM bands, now commonly called "terrestrial radio". However, the term has evolved to more broadly refer to streaming audio services in general, including subscription satellite, and cable and Internet radio . Radio communication in
1936-431: A significant advance, but it took many years of research before quality audio transmissions became possible. In 1904 Valdemar Poulsen developed an arc converter transmitter, which, although still somewhat limited, would be the most commonly used transmitter employed for early audio experimentation. Initially the main objective for most inventors was developing devices usable for individual point-to-point communication, and
2057-470: A small radio retailer in Cincinnati, Ohio, used a homemade transmitter to make occasional broadcasts over its experimental station, 8XB . That February 2 company president John L. Gates gave the station's first publicized broadcast, consisting of phonograph records, which garnered national attention, and a wire service report quoted Gates as predicting that nationwide broadcasts "will be an innovation of
2178-400: A station at the company's East Pittsburgh plant in time for the upcoming presidential election, which successfully debuted on November 2, 1920, initially operating as 8ZZ . A short time later it became KDKA , operating under a Limited Commercial license originally issued to the company for point-to-point transmissions. At the time of KDKA's 25th anniversary, station publicity claimed this to be
2299-470: A very wide territory" for the "general transmission of news of every description", however he was never able to achieve adequate transmission distances. There were also a few examples of " telephone newspapers ", starting with the Budapest, Hungary Telefon Hírmondó , which in 1893 began transmitting a wide selection of news, instruction and entertainment over telephone lines to a local audience. In 1909
2420-490: A weekend radio show, Live From Walt Disney World , that originated from both Disney World and Disneyland on Radio AAHS . In November 1995, ABC Radio Networks and Children's Broadcast Corp. reached an agreement for ABC Radio to provide marketing and sales to Radio AAHS. After Disney's acquisition of CC/ABC, Disney had ABC Radio cancel the agreement in August 1996 plus announced the start of its own children's network and ended AAHS's Disney World broadcasting rights. Radio Disney
2541-469: A youth-targeted contemporary hit radio format with heavy emphasis on teen idols . Recently Radio Disney has become a Mainstream Top 40 Indicator reporter on Nielsen-BDS eventually being upgraded to monitored status with Nielsen-BDS. Radio Disney is also a monitored reporter on the Mediabase 24/7 Top 40 panel. The network is headquartered in Burbank, California . Radio Disney Junior was available via
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#17327975842932662-565: Is perpetual, the station could resume digital broadcasts at any time. On June 5, 2015, the Salem Media Group announced it would acquire KMKI for $ 3 million. The station was sold to Salem on September 15, 2015. As a result, the station discontinued its Radio Disney programming and went dark . 620 AM returned to the air on September 18, 2015, simulcasting the Christian radio programming of sister station KWRD-FM . On September 25, 2015, KMKI began simulcasting co-owned KVCE , broadcasting
2783-603: Is primarily run by private foundations, universities and public authorities for educational purposes, which are financed by donations, foundations, subscriptions and corporate underwriting. A primary programming source is National Public Radio (NPR). The total listenership for terrestrial radio in the United States as of January 2017 was 256 million, up from 230 million in 2005. 82 million Americans listened to AM radio at some point in June 2023, with listenership strongest in
2904-554: The American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) launched WEAF (now WFAN) in New York City. (There are a few reports of earlier examples of airtime being sold by other stations, however this was generally done secretly.) AT&T initially claimed that its patent rights gave it the exclusive right to sell airtime. However, responding to charges that it was attempting to monopolize radio broadcasting, in 1924
3025-613: The KEXB call letters were warehoused on the former KTNO. Unlike most of the area's FM stations, which transmit their signals from Cedar Hill , KTNO transmits its signal along County Road 409 in McKinney. Therefore, KTNO's signal is much stronger in much of the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex as well as the cities of Wichita Falls , and Greenville , to as far north as Ada, Oklahoma , but is considerably weaker south of
3146-835: The Tel-musici of Wilmington, Delaware beginning in 1909, and the Musolaphone , which operated in Chicago in 1913–1914. Radio communication—originally known as "wireless telegraphy"—was first developed in the 1890s. The first wireless transmissions were achieved by Guglielmo Marconi in Europe and they were first replicated in the United States in April 1899 by Professor Jerome Green at the University of Notre Dame . The spark-gap transmitters initially employed could only transmit
3267-565: The United States by plunging into the new medium of television . KWFT-TV signed on the air on March 1 and was the first television station in the Wichita Falls. Just as its AM counterpart was a CBS radio affiliate, KWFT-TV was an affiliate of the CBS television network. KWFT sold the TV station in 1956 at which time it became KSYD-TV and later KAUZ-TV in 1963, continuing as the CBS affiliate for
3388-677: The United States Telephone Herald Company licensed this technology and ultimately authorized a dozen or so regional affiliates. But due to financial and technical challenges only two systems, in Newark, New Jersey and Portland, Oregon, ever went into commercial service, and both were short-lived. Other early short-lived telephone-based entertainment systems included the Tellevent in Detroit, Michigan in 1907,
3509-677: The "at work" shift). Transistor radios , available since the 1950s, were the preferred listening choice for music on-the-go for most of the late 20th century, before personal stereos , portable CD players , digital media players , and later smartphones (some of which include FM receivers) took those roles in the 20th century. However MP3 players and internet sources have grown rapidly among younger listeners. Unlike many other countries, American radio has historically relied primarily on commercial advertising sponsorship on for-profit stations. The federal and state governments do not operate stations or networks directed toward domestic audiences, although
3630-494: The "world's first regularly scheduled broadcast". KDKA proved to be a very successful experiment, and during the next year Westinghouse constructed three additional prominent stations, in or near New York City (WJZ, now WABC ), Boston ( WBZ ) and Chicago ( KYW ). Responding to the growing activity, effective December 1, 1921 the United States Department of Commerce adopted regulations explicitly establishing
3751-1125: The 10th anniversary, Radio Disney held the "Totally 10 Birthday Concert" on July 22, 2006, at the Arrowhead Pond in Anaheim, California . It also included a simultaneous live webcast on the Radio Disney website. A second concert was held in Dallas, Texas , on November 18, 2006, at the Dallas Convention Center . In August 2006, operational duties of Radio Disney were transferred to the company's Disney–ABC Cable Networks Group (currently d.b.a. Disney Channels Worldwide), which otherwise operates Disney's cable television properties, except for ESPN . On June 12, 2007, Disney spun off and merged its ABC Radio Networks with Citadel Broadcasting into Citadel Communications while retaining its ESPN Radio and Radio Disney networks and stations. In March 2008, Radio Disney and Gracenote signed
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3872-513: The 1920s to 1970s. The 1930s were boom years. The early success depended on the concentrated geographical audience in Texas and the Southwest. American stations were close to Mexico which enabled a steady circular flow of entertainers, executives and technicians, and stimulated the creative initiatives of Hispanic radio executives, brokers, and advertisers. Ownership was increasingly concentrated in
3993-485: The 1960s and 1970s. The industry sponsored the now-defunct trade publication Sponsor from the late 1940s to 1968. Spanish-language radio has influenced American and Latino discourse on key current affairs issues such as citizenship and immigration. All AM and FM radio stations are assigned unique identifying call letters by the FCC. International agreements determine the initial letters assigned to specific countries , and
4114-710: The 1990s, 2000s and 2010s, a "Disney Reimagined" channel, a Spanish language channel, a channel devoted to music from Disney Channel, and an LGBTQ-oriented "Disney Pride" channel. The announcement noted that additional Disney channels, including at least one Christmas music channel, would be added later in 2022. Radio Disney played a large selection of songs from stars and programs on Disney Channel, along with popular songs from mainstream pop and R&B artists that are found on conventional radio stations. The network aired edited versions of some Top 40 songs (which remove profanity and any other suggestive content, and in most cases replaces it with re-recorded lyrics specifically for
4235-611: The 620 frequency formerly licensed to Wichita Falls returned to the airwaves licensed to Plano, a suburb in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. The new call sign was KAAM . It was owned by Collin County Radio L.C. and it aired an adult standards format. KAAM was sold to The Walt Disney Company for $ 12 million and switched to the Radio Disney children's radio format on August 1, 1998. KAAM
4356-478: The Atlantic. During the war the U.S. military conducted extensive research in audio transmissions using vacuum-tube powered transmitters and receivers. This was primarily oriented toward point-to-point communication such as air-to-ground transmissions, but there were also scattered reports of special musical broadcasts conducted to entertain the troops. Prior to the lifting of the wartime ban on civilian radio,
4477-591: The Dominican Republic. On October 21, 2010, Radio Disney launched in Brazil. From October 1, 2013, to July 28, 2022, Radio Disney was available in Russia via Disney.ru. American radio Radio broadcasting has been used in the United States since the early 1920s to distribute news and entertainment to a national audience. In 1923, 1 percent of U.S. households owned at least one radio receiver , while
4598-403: The FCC. Depending on the medium, the FCC may have some indirect and general jurisdiction over some technical aspects of these broadcasts. Despite television's predominance, radio's impact is still extensive, and every day it reaches 80 percent of the U.S. population. Ninety-nine percent of American households in 1999 had at least one receiver. By 2020, that figure had declined to 68 percent within
4719-574: The FM station itself lost 90% of its listenership after it flipped to national religious broadcaster K-Love . The majority of programming in the United States is in English , with Spanish the second-most popular language; these are the only two languages with domestically produced, national radio networks. In the largest urban areas of the United States, "world ethnic" stations broadcast a wide variety of languages, including Russian , Chinese , Korean and
4840-483: The Girls Play segment premiered on December 5, 2018. In July 2019, Radio Disney Country opened a Nashville Music Row based studio. In July 2019, Disney agreed to license Radio Disney video content to Sheridan Broadcasting Corporation to telestream via a patented process the content to the web and the audio to a radio station, WIGO-AM, as The Radio Disney Hour (working tile). Radio Disney Country's targeted audience
4961-591: The Herrold College of Wireless and Engineering was inaugurating weekly musical concerts. These broadcasts were suspended during World War I, but after the war Herrold resumed broadcasting, and KCBS in San Francisco traces its history to Herrold's efforts. In the mid-1910s the development of vacuum tube transmitters provided a significant improvement in the quality and reliability of audio transmissions. Adopting this advance, Lee de Forest again took
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5082-462: The NBC affiliates, owners typically viewed their stations as the broadcast equivalent of local newspapers, who sold ads to local business and had to pay for NBC's "sustaining" programs that didn't have sponsors. Individual stations bought programming from the network and, thus, were considered the network's clients. Paley changed the business model by providing network programming to affiliate stations at
5203-525: The NBC networks, which gained new momentum when William S. Paley was installed as company president. Unlike NBC, which initially saw itself as primarily a public service and said its only profit goal was to break even, Paley recognized the potential for a radio network to make significant profits. Surveys and polls were used to determine audience sizes and affluence. Frank Stanton , a later president, worked with Columbia University sociologist Paul Lazarsfeld to develop techniques for measuring audiences. For
5324-474: The Navy. The October 1 end of the civilian transmitting ban allowed non-government stations to resume operating. Initially there were no formal regulations designating which stations could make broadcasts intended for the general public, so a mixture operating under a variety of existing classifications, most commonly Experimental and Amateur, were free to take to the airwaves. Perhaps the first to take advantage of
5445-464: The Radio Disney network. KMKI's affiliation was scheduled to be discontinued on or after September 26, 2014. But the Disney Corp. decided to keep the programming on KMKI until it found a buyer. KMKI has a license to broadcast a digital signal using iBiquity's " HD Radio " but suspended transmission in the months before the sale announcement. Because the license to broadcast digital "HD Radio"
5566-835: The Radio Disney network. KDIS would be retained to serve as the originator of Radio Disney's programming, and its operations was assumed by the network's national staff. However, Disney later announced that it would syndicate Radio Disney through affiliations with HD Radio subchannels. A gray background indicates a station which was directly operated by the Walt Disney Company. These songs hit No. 1 on Radio Disney's Top 50 Songs from 1997 to 2020. The Radio Disney Jams series CDs are various artists compilations of music featured on Radio Disney. Internationally, there are Radio Disney stations in Chile, Poland, Argentina, Paraguay, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Uruguay, Costa Rica, Panama, and
5687-744: The United States is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Under its oversight a variety of broadcasting services have been developed, including: Two way radio services take up most of the rest of the geomagnetic spectrum, including marine VHF radio , amateur radio , the aforementioned citizens band, the Family Radio Service and the General Mobile Radio Service . Unlike most one-way broadcast services, these services are generally limited to voice transmission. With
5808-590: The United States was Lee de Forest , who employed versions of the Poulsen arc transmitter to make a series of demonstrations beginning in 1907. From the outset he noted the potential for regular entertainment broadcasts, envisioning "the distribution of music from a central station" and that "by using four different forms of wave as many classes of music can be sent out as desired by the different subscribers". However, after 1910 he suspended his broadcasting demonstrations for six years, due to various financial issues, and
5929-477: The Washington, D.C. Chamber of Commerce was the first radio broadcast by a president, had a radio installed in the White House. The existence of early radio stations encouraged many young people to build their own crystal sets (with ear phones) to listen to the new technical marvel. Entrepreneurs established radio stores to sell parts as well as complete sets that evolved into stylish and expensive consoles
6050-582: The Watch Disney Junior app in August 2014. On November 4, 2015, Radio Disney Networks launched a country music -focused internet radio station, Radio Disney Country. Disney Channels Worldwide replaced its Watch app series with the singular, DisneyNow, which combines its TV and radio channels the week of September 29, 2017. On November 13, 2014, Radio Disney and Radio Disney Junior became available on Slacker Radio with Radio Disney's Top 30 Countdown starting on November 15, 2014. Radio Disney Country
6171-524: The Wichita Falls- Lawton market. KWFT Radio focused on local and national news, weather, farm reports and middle of the road music . However, as FM radio became more popular for music listening in the 1980s, it cut into KWFT's audience and advertising dollars, leading to the sale of the station in the mid-1990s to a new owner who had other plans for the station. KWFT signed off at 11:59 p.m. on December 24, 1994. About two years later,
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#17327975842936292-526: The beginning of advertisement-supported broadcasting, AT&T also introduced its plans for the development of the first radio network. The concept was based on a memo prepared by two company engineers, John F. Bratney and Harley C. Lauderback, who proposed a nationwide "chain" of thirty-eight stations, linked together by the company's telephone lines for simultaneously transmitting commercially sponsored programming. The network's primary studios were located at AT&T's WEAF (now WFAN ) in New York City, and
6413-403: The call sign WCBS from 1946 until 2024. Ideas for distributing news and entertainment electronically dated to before the development of radio broadcasts, but none of these earlier approaches proved to be practical. In 1902, Nathan Stubblefield predicted that his wireless ground-conduction technology would become "capable of sending simultaneous messages from a central distributing station over
6534-480: The company announced that it would permit other stations to accept advertising if they were willing to first pay a one-time fee to AT&T for use of its radio patents. Following AT&T's industry-wide settlement, a majority of stations began to operate on a commercial basis. Initially stations were very cautious about the content of their advertising messages, generally preferring "indirect advertising" such as general sponsorship announcements, in order not to offend
6655-539: The day. My Dream stars Daphne Blunt as a 14-year-old girl trying to make a name for herself in the music industry while dealing with the usual struggles, responsibilities and emotional ups and downs of an everyday teen. Radio Disney carried a number of features from interactive contests to informational programs. From 2001 to 2019, Radio Disney held an annual awards ceremony, the Radio Disney Music Awards , to honor popular music artists featured on
6776-514: The dots-and-dashes of Morse code . Despite this limitation, in 1905 a small number of U.S. Navy stations inaugurated daily time signal broadcasts. In 1913 the high-powered station NAA in Arlington, Virginia began broadcasting daily time signals and weather reports in Morse code which covered much of the eastern United States. It was recognized that developing audio-capable transmitters would be
6897-567: The early 20th century, including NOF , NSS and NAA .) In the United States, by tradition the stations west of the Mississippi River normally receive call signs starting with "K", with "W" assigned to those east of the river. Almost all of the earliest AM band radio stations received three-letter call signs, however beginning in 1922 most have been issued four-letter ones, and the last new AM band three-letter assignment occurred in 1930. (FM and TV sister stations are permitted to share
7018-578: The entrance of the United States into World War I in April 1917, as the federal government immediately took over full control of the radio industry, and it became illegal for civilians to possess an operational radio receiver. However some government stations, including NAA in Arlington, Virginia, continued to operate to support the military during the conflict. In addition to time signals and weather reports, NAA also broadcast (in Morse code ) news summaries that were received by troops on land and aboard ships in
7139-556: The exception of WWVB , a station mainly operating to allow electronic clocks to synchronize with the NIST atomic clock, the United States does not license longwave radio services. Unlike Europe, which established a longwave broadcasting band, the only other authorized use of longwave in the United States is the unlicensed low-frequency experimental radio band. In contrast to the over-the-air terrestrial radio services, wireline and subscription audio services are not regulated for content by
7260-623: The fact that radio signals could be overheard by others was at first seen as a defect that limited secure communication. Thus, it took a while before the potential of "sending signals broadcast" was recognized. In late 1906, Reginald Fessenden demonstrated an alternator transmitter at Brant Rock, Massachusetts, and many years later stated that he had also conducted broadcasts on the evenings of December 24 and 31. However following this he concentrated on point-to-point transmissions and made no further efforts towards establishing organized broadcasting. The leading early proponent of radio broadcasting in
7381-519: The federal government does operate overseas through the U.S. Agency for Global Media , an independent agency. The federal government instead subsidizes nonprofit radio programming through the Corporation for Public Broadcasting . Nonprofit broadcasting typically comes in three forms: radio evangelism , community radio , and government-subsidized public radio , all of which rely at least to some extent on listener donations. Public-radio broadcasting
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#17327975842937502-491: The federal level under the U.S. Constitution's Commerce Clause . However, in the years immediately after its development in the late 1890s, radio communication remained completely unregulated in the United States. The Wireless Ship Act of 1910 mandated that most passenger ships exiting U.S. ports had to carry radio equipment under the supervision of qualified operators; however, individual stations remained unlicensed. The U.S. policy of unrestricted stations differed from most of
7623-595: The field, and historian Erik Barnouw summarized this watershed event as "There was a fervent of interest, but without a sense of direction—until something happened in Pittsburgh." Westinghouse's entry was a result of a Pittsburgh department store advertisement, seen by company vice president H. P. Davis, for radios capable of receiving Frank Conrad's ongoing broadcasts over 8XK. Davis concluded that, expanding on work done during World War I, Westinghouse could make and market its own receivers. He quickly worked to establish
7744-444: The first quarter of 2021 as part of its restructuring plan to focus more on producing content for the television networks and Disney+ , with KRDC being put up for sale. Radio Disney began to wind down operations on December 31, 2020, as their DJ's hosted their final shows, and was discontinued on SiriusXM on that same date. Radio Disney Country was completely shut down at noon Pacific Time on December 31; KRDC subsequently returned to
7865-465: The first quarter of 2021. On April 14, 2021, Radio Disney ceased broadcast when its last remaining terrestrial station, KRDC in Los Angeles, was quietly changed to a simulcast of KSPN 710 AM, an ESPN Radio frequency. Disney had for a long time been involved in the music business, building off its success in movies and TV shows, which later became Disney Music Group . However, with radio, Disney
7986-423: The format's " embrace " of rock, hip-hop and pop-oriented songs (with Rolling Stone noting its airplay of Lil Nas X 's Western-trap song " Old Town Road " in 2019 as an example of this strategy). The network's launch coincided with the 2015 CMA Awards . Like its sister station, Radio Disney Country emphasized current hits and used little recurrent rotation. On June 9, 2017, Disney announced that it would expand
8107-444: The home, with the average home having 1.5 receivers. Revenue more than doubled in a decade, from $ 8.4 billion in 1990 to more than $ 17 billion in 2000. Radio continues to prevail in automobiles and offices, where attention can be kept on the road or the task at hand, while radio acts as an audio background. The popularity of car radios has led to drive time being the most listened-to daypart on most stations, followed by midday (or
8228-535: The idea. Information for this period is limited, but there were a number of other inventors during this era who made occasional experimental broadcasts. One example was the American Radio and Research Company (AMRAD), which operated experimental station 1XE in Medford Hillside, Massachusetts. As early as March 1916 the station was occasionally used to make voice and music broadcasts, although at
8349-543: The inability to perfect the arc transmitter for consistent quality audio transmissions. De Forest received national attention, but far less known at the time was Charles "Doc" Herrold of San Jose, California, who is generally credited with being the first in the United States to conduct entertainment radio broadcasts on a regular schedule. Herrold began making test transmissions in 1909, and, after switching to an improved arc transmitter, announced in July 1912 that his station at
8470-418: The industry soon faced a crisis due to mounting costs, and the financial model eventually adopted by a majority of stations was selling advertising airtime, which became known as "American Plan". (This was contrasted with the "British plan" of charging license fees for set users.) The formal introduction of a "for hire" commercial station (initially called "toll broadcasting") was announced in early 1922, when
8591-453: The languages of India ; although the relatively widespread languages French and German have comparatively few radio outlets; in the case of German, due to the fact that most of its speakers are Amish or from similar sects and thus shun radio technology. French speakers can generally receive programming direct from Canadian broadcasters, which are receivable across the Canada–US border , and
8712-473: The lead, establishing experimental station 2XG in New York City. During a successful demonstration program held in October 1916, de Forest now prophesied "in the near future a music central in every large city whence nightly concerts will radiate to thousands of homes through the wireless telephone". The next month a daily program of news and entertainment was begun, which included election returns broadcast on
8833-564: The lifting of the civilian station restrictions was a Westinghouse engineer, Frank Conrad , who had worked on radio communication contracts during the war. On the evening of October 17, 1919 he made the first of what would ultimately become a twice-weekly series of programs, broadcast from his home in Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania over experimental station 8XK . Beginning in early 1920 the Precision Equipment Company,
8954-467: The listeners who had "invited them into their homes". At first "hard sell" and "direct advertising" was discouraged under the oversight of the then-head of the Department of Commerce, Herbert Hoover . However, Madison Avenue recognized the importance of radio as a new advertising medium, and commercials eventually became more prominent and insistent. At the same time in early 1922 that it announced
9075-401: The main Radio Disney feed. On January 1, the station ceased its Top 40 format and switched to an automated throwback playlist which mainly consisted of songs from throughout the 24-year history of the network. The Radio Disney app and website shut down on January 22, 2021, while the station continued to broadcast on iHeartRadio until it was removed sometime during March. At that point, the station
9196-419: The midwest (Western New York was noted as being the only media market where a majority of listeners listened to AM) and portions of California where terrain makes groundwave reception more reliable. 68 percent of homes have at least one radio, with the average home having 1.5 radios as of 2020, both figures being steep declines from 2008. According to information collected from a data analytics company in 2019, it
9317-461: The near future". Programming offered by the station gradually expanded, including a special broadcast arranged at the end of October that featured the playing the latest Victor phonograph records, held in conjunction with the local Rudolph Wurlitzer Company . In early November 8XB conducted an election night broadcast, coinciding with Westinghouse's broadcast of returns from East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania over station 8ZZ (later KDKA ), which included
9438-573: The network aired other programs such as "Mickey & Minnie's Tune Time", a two-hour weekday toddler program, and two 60-second features per hour which included contests, "ABC News for Kids" and "Gross Me Out". The network ran its Radio Disney Project Family Initiative from July 1 to September 15, 2003, with family-themed programming and events to get family to sign on to the Radio Disney Family Pledge. Radio Disney would later begin being carried on XM Satellite Radio in 2001, with
9559-478: The network became known as " WEAF chain ". Specially prepared broadcast-quality lines had to be used for the station connections, so the network took a while to be constructed. The first permanent link, between WEAF and WMAF in South Dartmouth, Massachusetts, went into service during the summer of 1923. RCA responded by establishing its own smaller network, centered on station WJZ (now WABC ), although it
9680-610: The network launched the Next Big Thing feature which allowed listeners to vote on young unsigned artists' songs to be played. In 2013, the Radio Disney Music Awards began airing on the Disney Channel . Sometime in April 2009, Radio Disney changed its logo to the one used until the station's closure. By 2009, Radio Disney was starting to reduce its station footprint to the larger markets to make
9801-504: The network more profitable. In January 2010, Radio Disney Group requested permission from the FCC to "silence" five of its owned-and-operated stations (along with a sixth station operating under a local marketing agreement with another company) while the stations were being sold. Disney sold six AM stations and one FM station that year. In June 2013, Disney announced the sale of seven owned-and-operated stations in medium-sized markets, in order to refocus Radio Disney's broadcast distribution on
9922-628: The network terrestrially via its HD Radio platform, and with iHeartRadio for further digital distribution. In the same year, Radio Disney launched a spin-off service, Radio Disney Country , which carried a country music format catered towards a similar audience; in 2017, this service replaced the main Radio Disney service on KDIS, which was renamed KRDC . The network also lent its name to the Radio Disney Music Awards , an annual music awards presentation broadcast on television since 2014 by Disney Channel . On December 3, 2020, Disney announced that Radio Disney and Radio Disney Country would be shut down in
10043-578: The network was carried primarily on AM stations. The Walt Disney Company owned most of the network's affiliates, though some stations were operated through local marketing agreements that had varying degrees of local management. The last separately-owned Radio Disney affiliate, WOLF in Syracuse, New York , left the network on February 1, 2014. On August 13, 2014, it was announced that all of Radio Disney's remaining stations, excluding KDIS, were to be sold in an effort to focus more on digital distribution of
10164-419: The network's distribution to include other digital platforms, such as iHeartRadio and TuneIn , as well as curated playlists on Apple Music and Spotify , and terrestrial radio with the flip of KDIS to the network as KRDC 99.1 FM and AM 1110 (the main Radio Disney network continued to be carried locally on a subchannel of KRTH until late 2018 when its contract to carry the network expired). The station's Let
10285-528: The network's fees from advertising revenue. Paley also eased the standards on what was considered appropriate commercial content, most notedly by allowing a cigar maker to include a shouted "There is no spit in Cremo!" in its advertisements. KTNO (AM) KTNO (620 kHz ) is a commercial AM radio station licensed to Plano, Texas , and serving the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex . The station airs
10406-597: The network's programming, co-branded events, and digital outlets. Listenership reports indicated that the majority of Radio Disney's audience listened to the network via satellite radio and other digital platforms, and only 18% via terrestrial AM/FM radio. KDIS remained operational to serve as the originating station for the Radio Disney network, while the remaining stations would continue carrying Radio Disney programming until their respective sales were completed. The last five Radio Disney owned-and-operated stations for sale were sold on September 15, 2015, to Salem Media Group (who
10527-924: The network. Similar to the Teen Choice Awards and Nickelodeon Kids Choice Awards , teenagers would vote to select the winner of each category including Best Female Artist , Best Male Artist , Best Music Group , Song of the Year , Best New Artist , Fiercest Fans , Artist with the Best Style , Most Talked About Artist and more. Hilary Duff is the biggest winner with 21 awards and 35 nominations. There were no award ceremonies held between 2009 and 2012, as well as 2020 and 2021. In 2000 and 2001, Radio Disney launched two separate "world tours" that traveled to major U.S. cities including Atlanta , New York City , Boston , Dallas , Chicago , Houston , Phoenix , Los Angeles , San Francisco and Seattle . In 2000,
10648-730: The night of the November 7th presidential election. However, 2XG also had to suspend operations the following April due to the World War I restrictions. While it was active, it inspired David Sarnoff , then the Contract Manager at American Marconi and future president of the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), to author his first "Radio Music Box" memo, suggesting that his company establish a broadcasting station and sell receivers, but his superiors did not take him up on
10769-502: The ones used by U.S broadcasting stations—currently "K" and "W"—date back to an agreement made in 1912. The assignment of the letters "K" and "W" to the United States was randomly made and there was no particular reason given for their selection. (The United States was also allocated full use of the letter N, and later some of the range for the letter A, but does not allocate those initial letters to broadcasting stations. A small number of U.S. Navy stations with N call signs made broadcasts in
10890-542: The playing Victor records for entertainment. The station was later relicensed as broadcasting station WMH , however it was shut down in early 1923 after Precision was purchased by the Crosley Manufacturing Company. Some time in the fall of 1919 Lee de Forest reactivated 2XG in New York City. However, the station was ordered to shut down in early 1920, after it was moved to a new site without first getting government approval. De Forest transferred
11011-584: The prohibition on civilian radio transmitters would continue until the following October, effective April 15, 1919 the ban on private citizens owning radio receivers was lifted. A short time later a wartime station located at the Glenn L. Martin Co. in Cleveland announced it was inaugurating a weekly concert broadcast, although these broadcasts were suspended a few weeks later due to a complaint about interference from
11132-602: The promotion of newspaper-run broadcasting stations, offering local franchises and asking in national advertisements "Is Your Paper to be One of the Pioneers Distributing News and Music by Wireless?" The Detroit News became the company's first—and ultimately only—newspaper customer, leasing a small de Forest transmitter, initially licensed as 8MK. On August 20, 1920 the newspaper began limited daily broadcasts, which were expanded beginning August 31 with programming featuring local election returns. The station
11253-399: The publication also questioned its practicability, noting "no one wants to pay for shouting to the world on a system by which it would be impossible to prevent non-subscribers from benefitting gratuitously". A form of barter adopted by many early experimental stations was publicizing the name of the provider of phonograph records played during a broadcast. This practice dated back to at least
11374-552: The rest of the world. The 1906 International Radiotelegraph Convention , held in Berlin, called for countries to license their stations, and although United States representatives had signed the agreement, the U.S. Senate did not ratify this treaty until April 3, 1912. In order to codify the 1906 Convention's protocols, the Radio Act of 1912 , which also incorporated provisions of a subsequent London Convention signed on July 5, 1912,
11495-477: The same "base" three-letter call.) While some stations, especially on the AM band, still use their call signs as the main way of identifying themselves to the general public, a majority now prefer to emphasize easy to remember identifying slogans or brand names. Stations frequently choose call signs that relate to their slogan or brand; the longtime flagship of the CBS Radio Network , for example, used
11616-404: The station and advertised their services. SRN News began most hours. In 2019, Salem announced it would sell co-owned KTNO to Catholic broadcaster Immaculate Heart Media, Inc. On October 21, 2019, Salem discontinued its Financial News/Talk format on AM 620 and moved its Spanish Christian format known as "Radio Luz" from KTNO to KEXB. In addition, KEXB's call sign was switched to KTNO, while
11737-460: The station launching on Sirius Satellite Radio in 2002. Disney entered a joint venture to launch Capital Disney digital radio channel in Britain and operated from 2002 until June 29, 2007. In 2004, Disney paid the former Children's Broadcasting Corporation (which operated children's radio network Radio Aahs ) $ 12.4 million in a lawsuit settlement. In April 2002, Radio Disney began using
11858-496: The station's transmitter to the California Theater building in San Francisco, where it was relicensed as 6XC , and in the spring of 1920 it began daily broadcasts of the theater's orchestra. De Forest later stated this was the "first radio-telephone station devoted solely" to broadcasting to the public. In March 1920 Radio News & Music, Inc., established by Lee de Forest associate Clarence "C.S." Thompson, took up
11979-399: The station) to make them appropriate for younger listeners. In July 2010, Radio Disney debuted its first scripted serial called My Dream, a contemporary story utilizing a format reminiscent of serials from the 1940s. Unlike Depression-era radio serials that typically featured episodes lasting 15 to 30 minutes, episodes of My Dream runs for only 90 seconds and play multiple times throughout
12100-480: The time exclusively on SiriusXM. Unlike Radio Disney, Disney Hits only includes music from The Walt Disney Company's productions. In August 2022, Disney announced a partnership with Audacy Inc. to launch nine additional Disney-branded audio feeds through the Audacy mobile app , in addition to making Disney Hits available on that platform. The nine channels include jazz, a sing-along channel, decades channels devoted to
12221-482: The time this was described as "merely incidental" to the company's primary efforts. In addition, George C. Cannon reported that from December 1916 to February 1917 he had maintained "a regular schedule from 9:30 p.m. to 10:30 p.m." of news and entertainment broadcasts over Special Amateur station 2ZK, located at his New Rochelle, New York home. Because radio signals readily cross state and national boundaries, radio transmissions were an obvious candidate for regulation at
12342-495: The top-25 radio markets. On April 10, 2014, it was announced that Radio Disney's Top 30 Countdown would become a syndicated radio show, distributed by Rick Dees 's Dees Entertainment. Aha Radio, Slacker and ShowMobile signed online carriage agreements with the network in mid-2014. On August 13, 2014, Radio Disney's general manager Phil Guerini announced plans to sell all but one of its remaining owned-and-operated stations on or before September 26, 2014, in order to focus more on
12463-792: The tour featured up-and-coming talent ( No Authority , Myra ) and then Radio Disney DJs, Mark and Zippy . The tour played in theatrical venues and had audiences of up to 2,000 people per show (there were four shows each weekend in each city). Radio Disney Networks is an American radio network that is owned by Disney Channels Worldwide , Inc., a subsidiary of Walt Disney Television , a primary component of The Walt Disney Company 's Disney Media Networks segment. Radio Disney Networks broadcasts three separated digital channels, Radio Disney, Radio Disney Country and Radio Disney Junior, via radio station's HD channel or by online stream sites. The original Radio Disney network play music and other content aimed at preteens and young teenagers ; it can be described as
12584-436: The whole family could listen to, or which restaurants and shops could buy to entertain customers. Although radio stations were primarily used to broadcast entertainment, many educational institutions used their stations to further their educational missions. One early example occurred in April 1922, when WGI in Medford Hillside, Massachusetts introduced an ongoing series of lectures provided by Tufts College professors, which
12705-446: Was a country music focused internet radio network that launched on November 4, 2015, and was initially exclusive to Radio Disney's own digital platforms. The service focused upon current songs, current and past material from popular artists, and pop songs featuring country musicians. Guerini explained that the format of the channel was meant to allow it to draw from a wider range of songs than traditional country radio stations, owing to
12826-579: Was described as a "wireless college". Other colleges also added radio broadcasting courses to their curricula; some, like the University of Iowa in 1925, provided an early version of distance-learning credits. In 1932 Curry College in Massachusetts introduced one of the nation's first broadcasting majors, with the college teaming up with WLOE in Boston for student-produced programs. Although it
12947-739: Was far more aggressive in playing only current hits and eschewed recurrent rotation . For many years Radio Disney affiliated with stations in markets of varying size, mainly large and mid-sized markets; however, by the early 2010s, Disney had begun to phase out the network's affiliations with terrestrial radio stations, and sold its owned-and-operated Radio Disney stations (with the exception of KDIS in Los Angeles ) to third-parties, in order to focus more on its programming, marketing, creating revenue producing events and distribution of Radio Disney as an internet radio outlet on digital platforms. In 2015, Radio Disney partnered with iBiquity to distribute
13068-599: Was found that every week, approximately 92% of all American adults listen to radio. As of 2021, an estimated 12% of listenership to FCC-licensed AM and FM radio stations comes from means other than the actual AM or FM signal itself, usually an Internet radio stream. In an exceptional example, a radio station that had abandoned terrestrial broadcasting in 2022 ( KRTY in the San Francisco Bay Area) retained half of its listening audience after selling its license and going exclusively to Internet streaming, while
13189-492: Was handicapped by having to use inferior telegraph lines to link the stations, due to AT&T's general refusal to supply telephone lines. By the fall of 1926 the WJZ chain had only four core stations, all located in the mid-Atlantic, while WEAF's network reached seventeen cities, stretching from Portland, Maine to Kansas City, Kansas. At this point AT&T abruptly decided to exit the broadcasting field, and in July 1926 signed an agreement to sell its entire network operations to
13310-473: Was intended to target families as in-car listeners. Eventually, those deals ended quietly after a few years. On August 6, 2015, Radio Disney was made available for listening on iHeartRadio . It was announced that on November 25, 2019, Disney had secured a deal with Entercom to bring Radio Disney and Radio Disney Country to the company's Radio.com platform. On December 3, 2020, Disney announced that both Radio Disney and Radio Disney Country would shut down in
13431-609: Was launched in Los Angeles on KTZN/710, and by the end of the year, the network had 14 affiliates. By August 1998, 28 stations had affiliated with Radio Disney, with an expected 63 stations by the end of 1999. Radio Disney purchased KAAM (AM) (Plano, Texas) for $ 12 million and switched the station to the network in August. In 1998, the network was based out of its Dallas station. Because my family matters, I promise to spend at least one hour each week with my family participating in fun things that draw us together and celebrate what makes us unique. — Radio World Other than music,
13552-435: Was not committed to the medium only doing a few shows. Radio Disney is Disney's third foray into radio. In late 1955, Walt Disney started The Magic Kingdom radio show—running Monday through Fridays and which was heard on ABC Radio . Even before the 1996 Disney- CC/ABC merger, Disney and ABC Radio considered as early as 1991 planned for a children's radio network but dropped the idea. Starting on July 31, 1994, Disney started
13673-619: Was only heard in the Greater Los Angeles Area and San Diego County on terrestrial radio until April 14, 2021, at 10 am PT, when it was quietly discontinued and switched to a simulcast of sister station KSPN . The final song Radio Disney played prior to being switched was “ Unwritten ” by Natasha Bedingfield . Despite the station now being defunct, Radio Disney’s Instagram and Twitter remain active to promote other Disney movies and TV shows, mainly those airing on Disney+ . On March 25, 2021, Disney launched Disney Hits , at
13794-422: Was passed by Congress on August 13, 1912 and signed by President William Howard Taft, going into effect December 13, 1912. The law only anticipated point-to-point communication, and did not address using radio to broadcast news and entertainment to the general public. The shortcomings of this law would be brought to light more than a decade later. The initial broadcasting experimentation came to an abrupt halt with
13915-434: Was recognized early in radio's development that, in addition to point-to-point communication, transmissions could be used for broadcasting to a widespread audience, the question immediately arose of how to finance such a service. As early as 1898 The Electrician noted that Oliver Lodge had broached the idea that "it might be advantageous to 'shout' the message, spreading it broadcast to receivers in all directions". However,
14036-519: Was renamed KMKI (from Disney Character Mickey Mouse ). Until Radio Disney's move from Dallas to Burbank, California , KMKI was the network's flagship station . In May 2014, Mediabase moved KMKI, along with other Radio Disney stations, to the Top 40/CHR panel, even though Radio Disney was considered a children's station. On August 13, 2014, Disney put KMKI and 22 other Radio Disney stations up for sale, in order to focus on digital distribution of
14157-473: Was test launched at 5 a.m. on November 18, 1996, in four markets, Minneapolis , Atlanta , Salt Lake City , and Birmingham, Alabama by ABC Radio Networks . On March 8, 1997, a fifth test market was added, Seattle on former KidStar station KKDZ . Pleased with the results in those four test markets, ABC Radio Networks announced on May 8, 1997, that Radio Disney would begin a nationwide rollout, starting on October 1, 1997. On August 26, 1997, Radio Disney
14278-548: Was the first radio station to continuously operate in the city and was a regional channel that could be heard across a large geographical area of Texas and Oklahoma during the daytime. The station was a CBS Network affiliate . On December 19, 1947, the Federal Communications Commission approved the sale of KWFT from Mr. and Mrs. Joe P. Carrigan, Laura Lou Carrigan and Mrs. Elizabeth Carrigan Simpson to Edward H. Rowley, H.J. Griffith and Kenyon Brown, operating as KWFT, Incorporated. In 1953, KWFT joined other radio stations in
14399-405: Was the largest purchaser of the stations) for $ 2.225 million. On April 13, 2015, Disney announced that the Radio Disney network would move to HD Radio subchannels; the network would be distributed by iBiquity via deals with broadcast companies ( CBS Radio , Entercom , Cumulus Media , etc.) with ad sales handled by its HD Radio Digital Network. A network representative stated that the move
14520-453: Was ultimately relicensed as WWJ, and while observing its 25th anniversary in 1945 the News claimed for it the titles of "the world's first station" and where "commercial radio broadcasting began". After the war the American Radio and Research Company (AMRAD) in Medford Hillside, Massachusetts reactivated 1XE . Although there is limited documentation for this station, it reportedly began making
14641-523: Was women aged 18 to 34 years old. The network's mix of music would be every thing with 60% popular artists and 40% up and coming artists. It ceased in the afternoon of December 31, 2020. On February 14, 2011, a Radio Disney Junior block was launched in tandem with the Disney Junior on Disney Channel block. The hour long block focused on music for the preschool age plus fun "audio theater" with Disney Junior characters. Despite being music-oriented,
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