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50-792: Previously part of the European Rally Championship and the German Rally Championship , the rally was included in the World Rally Championship calendar for the 2002 season . The organisers opted for a split in locations: media center, rally headquarters and the parc ferme were placed in Trier, the parc ferme being a prominent display of all remaining cars on the Viehmarkt, surrounded by restaurants, pubs and special events such as music and

100-480: A railway link in the Heimbach (Nahe)–Baumholder line , a 9 km-long spur . The line was closed to passenger traffic on 31 May 1981, but remained open for military traffic. The line was reopened in 2015. Trains run hourly to and from Idar-Oberstein or Kirn, where connecting trains to Mainz, Frankfurt/Main and Saarbrücken can be reached. There is also a bus link to Idar-Oberstein and Birkenfeld (route 322, run by

150-561: A local German taxi driver, and ended their spree early the next morning by setting fire to the Town Hall ( Rathaus ). Later that day, German law enforcement took into custody two US Army soldiers and were seeking a third for questioning. Investigators eventually questioned as many as 20 persons, both American and German nationals, for information about the crime spree. Private First Class Zachary Watson and Specialist Samuel Bell were arrested by German authorities in connection to

200-479: A mount of three vert in base an elder tree leafed of the same between two elder blossoms proper, also issuant from the mount, the dexter with stem embowed to dexter and the sinister with stem embowed to sinister, the shield ensigned with a mural crown with three towers masoned and embattled proper. The arms were designed in 1907 by the Berlin heraldic artist Prof. Hildebrandt, and go back to town seals and arms borne in

250-584: A presence in Germany in the 1960s and 1970s. There was a Nike-Hercules missile battery in Baumholder (Battery C, 5th Battalion, 6th Air Defence Artillery). There was another (Battery D, 5th Battalion, 6th Air Defense Artillery) in nearby Hontheim . The battalion headquarters was in Baumholder. An IHAWK battery, Battery D, 2nd Battalion, 62nd Air Defense Artillery, was in Reitscheid. Battalion headquarters

300-698: Is also Baumholder Army Airfield . The Americans run twelve of their own churches as well as cinemas , a PX and a hospital. Many of the town's shops accept United States dollars in payment and are to a great extent dependent on American currency. To this day, the United States forces and the Bundeswehr are the biggest employers of the town's German population. On more than 35 ranges designed for infantry, tank troops and artillery, Bundeswehr soldiers can be found training alongside Americans and soldiers from other NATO countries. The troop drilling ground

350-546: Is also known as the Westrich. Baumholder lies roughly 10 km south of Idar-Oberstein . The countryside around Baumholder is marked by many meadows, fields and woodlands, both broadleaf and mixed. A great part of the Baumholder Troop Drilling Ground abutting the town serves as a refuge for many plant and animal species that have become rare, for example the common kingfisher , the lynx and

400-584: Is an automobile rally competition held annually on the European continent and organized by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The championship has been organized since 1953 and has competed in different European countries, alternating between rallies on asphalt and gravel. It was the first supranational rally championship that was organized in the world and therefore the oldest one. In 2012 it had 60 editions and in 2013 it

450-750: Is at Neubrücke (some 13 km away) or in Idar-Oberstein (some 15 km away). The nearest airport is Saarbrücken Airport . Frankfurt-Hahn Airport is about an hour's drive away. Frankfurt/Main is about 2 hours by car or rail. Saarbrücken-Ensheim is approximately 90 minutes away. Zweibrücken Airport is about 80 km away but is currently closed. (Headquartered in Kaiserslautern) (Headquartered in Sembach) (Headquartered in Stuttgart) Sons and daughters of

500-836: Is under Bundeswehr administration. Since 2002, the US Army has been gradually moving its tanks to troop drilling grounds in the Upper Palatinate that are under their own control. Some of the US troops stationed in town were regularly deployed in the Iraq War , and for the most part, returned afterwards to Baumholder. On 9 October 2012, the 170th Infantry Brigade was inactivated ending a decades-long legacy of combat units stationed at Baumholder's Smith Barracks. While Smith Barracks has been rumoured to be facing closure for years, it has been designated an "enduring" base. 32nd AADCOM had

550-526: Is well known as the location of one of the biggest American garrisons in Germany, which sprang up beginning in the 1950s on the lands of the Baumholder Troop Drilling Ground ( Truppenübungsplatz Baumholder ), which abuts the town. Ever since that time, the 13,000 or so United States military personnel and their dependents have characterized the town's image scenically, economically and even socially. The Americans maintain two facilities, Smith Barracks and Wetzel Barracks, in which roughly 12,000 people live. There

SECTION 10

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600-509: The 2009 calendar. It returned in the 2010 season , with Sébastien Loeb taking his eighth consecutive win; a WRC record for wins in a single event. Rally Deutschland is entirely held on asphalt . A significant part of its attraction originates in the mixture of track characteristics encountered throughout the three-day period. This setup has earned it the description of "three rallies in one". The vineyard stages consist of tight and twisted support roads, with short straights and hairpins in

650-607: The Bishop of Verdun . By the 14th century, it had ended up under the Counts of Veldenz , until 1444, when it was acquired by Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken . Until the French Revolution , Baumholder was the seat of a Zweibrücken Schultheißerei . In 1490, Alexander, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken gave Baumholder leave to fortify the market town. Although town rights were never explicitly granted Baumholder,

700-701: The Evangelical church district of Sankt Wendel. With the formation of the Territory of the Saar Basin in 1919, Baumholder was split from the district seat of Sankt Wendel by the newly drawn border and thereafter became the seat of the Restkreis (roughly “remnant district”) of St. Wendel-Baumholder. Its designation as a Restkreis arose from its being what was left of the Sankt Wendel district on

750-741: The Rallye du Valais on 9 November. Czech driver Jan Kopecký won the championship. The 2014 season started with the Jänner Rallye in Austria on 3 January 2014, and ended with the Tour de Corse on 8 November. Finnish driver Esapekka Lappi won the championship and the new Asphalt Masters trophy, while Polish drivers Robert Kubica and Kajetan Kajetanowicz won the Ice Masters and Gravel Masters, respectively. French driver Stéphane Lefebvre won

800-633: The Rhein-Nahe-Nahverkehrsverbund ), although this is only run on weekdays, not weekends. The travel time to Neubrücke is roughly 30 minutes. Rail and bus services in the area are provided by Rhein-Nahe Nahverkehrsverbund (RNN). www.rnn.info. The nearest railway station on a main line is in Heimbach (some 8 km away) on the Nahe Valley Railway . Since the reopening of the Baumholder service, few trains stop at this station. The closest station for express trains

850-608: The Wehrmacht built its barracks and troop drilling ground here. To do this, several thousand inhabitants were moved. Between 1941 and 1945, the troop drilling ground was the location of a prisoner-of-war camp for Soviet , Polish and other prisoners . After the Second World War , after a short occupation by the United States Army , French soldiers were stationed in Baumholder for a few years. These left

900-763: The badger , some of which are on the IUCN Red List . Yearly precipitation in Baumholder amounts to 884 mm. At 76% of the German Weather Service's weather stations , lower figures are recorded. The driest month is April. The most rainfall comes in December. In that month, precipitation is twice what it is in April. Precipitation varies only slightly. At 46% of the weather stations, lower seasonal swings are recorded. In 1156, Baumholder had its first documentary mention as Bemondula , then held by

950-403: The "Jänner Rallye" in Austria. As an important change, drivers no longer had to register for the championship. Finnish driver Juho Hänninen won the championship. The 2013 season is the first after the merger between IRC and the old ERC, and also the first after Eurosport became the championship's promoter. The season started with the Jänner Rallye in Austria on 3 January 2013, and ended with

1000-472: The 16th and 17th centuries. The arms have been borne since 8 February 1909 when they were approved, with a signature on the watercolour original, by Wilhelm II, King of Prussia . Baumholder fosters partnerships with the following places: The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate ’s Directory of Cultural Monuments: The regional dialect is highly consistent with

1050-595: The ERC Junior championship. The season started with the Jänner Rallye in Austria on 4 January 2015, and ended with the Rallye International du Valais on 7 November. For this year the drivers had to register for the championship, and the categories have been renamed into ERC 1 (for S2000, R5 and RRC (last year) cars), ERC 2 (category for R4 production cars (previously titled N4)) and ERC 3 (for R1, R2 and R3 cars). Polish driver Kajetan Kajetanowicz won

SECTION 20

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1100-479: The ERC began to decline. Over many years, a typical ERC season featured around 40 rallies, and from 1974 on, the rallies were assigned different coefficients (1, 2, 3 or 4) that were multiplied with the championship points. Changing the coefficients to 2, 5, 10 and 20 did also not improve the situation. Thus, the ERC was more a series for event organizers than an interesting championship for drivers. A first improvement

1150-689: The Prussian side of the border once the Territory of the Saar Basin had been formed under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles . It was run as a rural district ( Landkreis ), however. Once the Saar area was returned to Germany in 1935, though, the district remained separate. On 1 April 1937, the Restkreis was merged into the Birkenfeld district. In the 20th century, Baumholder became a garrison town when

1200-584: The Saarland Dialect, a Rhine Franconian dialect spoken mainly in the east of the Saarland . German speakers from other regions often mistake Baumholderers for people from the Saarland for this reason, although Baumholder speech is a relative “island dialect”, for in all neighbouring centres, such as Kusel , Idar-Oberstein and Freisen , even in ones like Freisen that are actually in the Saarland,

1250-564: The Westrich, an historic region that encompasses areas in both Germany and France . The town of Baumholder is the administrative seat of the like-named Verbandsgemeinde , a state-recognised tourism resort and, according to state planning, a middle centre . Baumholder lies between the Hunsrück to the north and the North Palatine Uplands to the south, right on a height that marks the latter's northern boundary. This area

1300-492: The area were also shared out to other neighbouring municipalities in both the Birkenfeld and Kusel districts. The municipality of Zaubach had already been merged into Gutsbezirk Baumholder on 1 January 1978. On August 10, 2005 a group of US Army soldiers engaged in a crime spree within the town of Baumholder, burgling several US Government buildings in Smith Barracks. The soldiers stole computer equipment, robbed

1350-518: The brewery festival. Start and finish ceremonies were also held in Trier in front of the Porta Nigra with the cars making their way through the spectators. Meanwhile, the service park was located roughly 60 km southeast on the shore of the picturesque Bostalsee. The rally traditionally started with the shakedown close to the servicepark on Thursday morning, before moving to Trier for the showstart. The next three days were separated according to

1400-488: The center of rally. For the 2007 edition , the layout was modified accordingly. The service park along with the media center moved from Bostalsee to Trier's convention center grounds, which offer better infrastructure and are easier to reach. Fans can park in the streets nearby or make use of special shuttle services serving large parking grounds throughout Trier. Both parking and the service park itself are now mostly based on asphalt making them more weather-safe. The shakedown

1450-532: The championship. European Rally Championship has three support categories , ERC3, ERC4 and ERC Junior. These championships are contested on the same events and stages as the WRC calendar and have tighter restrictions on eligible car criteria. Baumholder Baumholder ( German pronunciation: [baʊ̯mˈhɔldɐ] ) is a town in the Birkenfeld district in Rhineland-Palatinate , Germany , in

1500-462: The championship. The 2011 ERC season started on 14 April 2011 and featured 11 rallies. It ended on 29 October with the Rallye International du Valais . Italian driver Luca Rossetti claimed his third European championship title after winning 5 of the events. In total, 28 registered drivers from 7 different countries competed in the championship. The 2012 season started in January with a new event,

1550-452: The crimes which totalled more than € 1.5 million in damage. The soldiers were handed over to US officials. Watson was sentenced to 15 years in prison at court-martial . In a separate court-martial proceeding, Bell was sentenced to seven years in prison, dishonourable discharge , demotion to private and forfeiture of all pay and allowances. The council is made up of 20 council members, who were elected by proportional representation at

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1600-467: The curbside. In 2008, the WRC run through stage was broadcast live on television. The revised layout received a lot of praise. 2007 saw 15,000 spectators in Circus Maximus alone, with a total attendance of more than 200,000 for all three days. Due to a cutback in the number of rallies included in each season's calendar and the introduction of alternating rallies, Rallye Deutschland was not part of

1650-491: The frequently changing weather makes for additional excitement. Short but strong rainshowers can appear out of nowhere and significantly complicate the tyre-choice. In 2004, Marcus Grönholm became the prominent victim of a rainy morning when he crashed out of the introductory stage on Friday. † — The 1994 rally only counted for the 2-Litre World Cup . European Rally Championship The European Rally Championship (officially FIA European Rally Championship )

1700-515: The garrison when the Americans came back. The United States Army built the troop drilling ground beginning in 1951 into one of its biggest garrisons in Germany, which also brought Baumholder a considerable upswing in its economy in the 1950s: bars opened, as did dancehalls and music halls. On 1 January 1994, the municipality of Gutsbezirk Baumholder ( Gutsbezirk means “estate area”) was amalgamated with Baumholder, although not wholly, for parts of

1750-401: The legendary crest known as "Gina". On this terrain small driving-errors almost automatically lead to serious damage to both car and driver, the most prominent victim being Petter Solberg in 2004. Finally, the asphalt roads in the rural northern Saarland are very fast with high-speed curves, only interrupted by some tight turns onto smaller roads. Besides the different track characteristics,

1800-428: The local drivers from taking up all ERC points despite not participating in the championship. The registered drivers were also obligated to contest a minimal number of events. Between 2013 and 2021, French-based broadcaster Eurosport was the promoter of ERC. From 2022, it was taken over by Munich based WRC Promoter GmbH . The 2010 ERC season featured 11 rallies. Luca Rossetti was the winner of 4 events and won

1850-740: The municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman. The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results: Baumholder's mayor is Günther Jung (FWG). The German blazon reads: Das Wappen der Stadt Baumholder zeigt im silbernen Schilde einen aus grünem Dreiberg aufwachsenden grün belaubten Holder- (Holunder-) baum. Neben dem Stamm desselben erscheint an nach außen gebogenen grünen Stielen rechts und links je eine vergrößerte, naturfarbene (weiße) Blüte des Holderbaums. Auf dem Schilde ruht die dreitürmige steinfarbene Mauerkrone. The town's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Argent issuant from

1900-518: The pronunciation is noticeably different. Baumholder is a venue for the Hunsrück-Rallye and later the ADAC - Rallye Deutschland , which has every year since 2002, except 2009, been a stage in the World Rally Championship . The Altstadtfest (“Old Town Festival”) held at the same time as the rally is among the region's most important events. Since 2005, a triathlon has been held each year in

1950-825: The share of the population with academic degrees is also rather small. The attempt introduced in the 1990s to change the economic structure by, for instance, bringing in the recycling industry and doing seminal research at the Environmental Campus Birkenfeld in Neubrücke have thus far yielded little change in the local economy and job market. Baumholder can be reached over the Autobahn A ;62 ( Interchange 5 – Freisen). The town of Baumholder lies some 50 km northeast of Saarbrücken , some 35 km northwest of Kaiserslautern and some 50 km southeast of Trier . Baumholder has

2000-577: The small town of Sankt Wendel . Leg three was held in the northern Saarland around Sankt Wendel, followed by a second pass through the spectator special stage. In the early afternoon the crews returned to Trier for the Finish ceremony. The existing layout received criticism from fans, teams and the FIA with many complaining about the long liaison between stages, and the town of Trier, especially its small businesses, looking for more involvement by moving Trier into

2050-520: The steep mountains surrounding the Moselle . Fans particularly like the stages because of the close proximity to the cars, sitting on small walls and in between the vines, often less than 2m from the ideal line. However, this layout has also raised serious concerns with the FIA regarding spectator safety. In 2008, the final stage of leg one was cancelled after too many fans where trying to make their way through

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2100-459: The teams return to Trier for the newly created spectator special stage Circus Maximus. Advertised as the highlight of three days of Rally Germany, this stage is a 4.37 km run through downtown Trier around the Porta Nigra. Four cars enter the track separated by 10 to 20 seconds and drive four laps on the roads of Trier. Fans can watch the stage on specially erected grandstands or simply from

2150-477: The three different track characteristics. Friday's leg one was held to the northeast of Trier around the Moselle in the vineyards. For afternoon and evening service the cars returned to Bostalsee before heading to Trier and parc-ferme. Saturdays' stages were held on and around the military training grounds of Baumholder, including the famous special stage "Panzerplatte". The day ended with a spectator special stage in

2200-466: The town acquired a number of privileges over the ages that have more or less amounted to as much. From 1816, Baumholder, along with the rest of the Principality of Lichtenberg , belonged as an exclave to Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld . The Principality was sold in 1834 to Prussia and came to form the geographical centre of the Sankt Wendel district, whose bounds to this day define most of the bounds of

2250-657: The town of Baumholder. This is open to individual or team competition. One of the town's best known clubs is VfR Baumholder sport club. Other less well known but important clubs include the Deutsche Lebens-Rettungs-Gesellschaft ( DLRG ), the Baumholderer Karnevalsgesellschaft (BKG, devoted to Carnival ), the German Red Cross (DRK), the angling club and the dog sport club (HSV). Baumholder

2300-486: The vineyards. The roads on the military training ground, called the panzerplatte or armour flat, near Baumholder are made of rough concrete and surrounded by the dangerous "Hinkelstones" ( Calque of "Hinkelstein" meaning Menhir in German) rocks up to a meter in size lining either side the roads as a restraint for military vehicles. The stages are fast and the vast military grounds offer endless spectator points, including

2350-474: Was at Spangdahlem Air Base . They were supplied from the Spangdahlem Air Base ( Bitburg-Prüm ). Baumholder's inhabitants, however, are exclusively civilian. Agriculture today plays a role in the town's life only in a very few surrounding farms and villages. Given the small number of learned occupations available in the region, especially in Baumholder and the surrounding Verbandsgemeinde ,

2400-536: Was implemented for the 2004 season, where the number of events counting for the European Rally Championship were reduced to those with coefficient 20, while the other rallies became part of regional "European Rally Cups". An ERC season now featured around 10 to 12 events and thus had a clearer structure. Between 2007 and 2011, the driver had to register for the European championships and thus only registered drivers could score ERC points, keeping

2450-479: Was relocated to the Luxembourgish border and the stages reorganised altogether, putting more focus on the vineyards close to Trier. As before, Friday consists of stages northeast of Trier. However, the second day now combines both the military grounds of Baumholder with a shortened version of Panzerplatte as well as some of the previous Saarland-stages. Sunday again moves the crews back to the vineyards, before

2500-492: Was renewed with the merger with the Intercontinental Rally Challenge . The European Rally Championship was first contested in 1953 and in the following year was one of the most prestigious rallying series. However, with the introduction of the World Rally Championship for manufacturers in 1973, and in particular with the drivers' World Championship being contested from 1979 on, the importance of

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