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176-500: Ramsay Street is the fictional cul-de-sac in which the characters of the Australian soap opera Neighbours live. The street is set in the equally fictional Melbourne suburb of Erinsborough . Neighbours storylines primarily centre on the residents of the street, which was named after Jack Ramsay, the grandfather of original character Max Ramsay ( Francis Bell ). A blackjack game between Jack and Sam Robinson determined whom

352-435: A place , a special place, a handsome place, a safe place, a welcoming place, a place where you might wish to live." "narrowness and enclosure and intimacy bring a feeling of safety to Roslyn Place... 'Stay on our street' is all the kids have to know". Gated communities , whose numbers steadily increase worldwide, use cul-de-sac and loop street networks because the dendrite structure reduces the number of through roads and thus

528-466: A 2010 study on sprawl in North America by a legal expert concludes that "neighborhoods dominated by cul-de-sacs are less walkable than those that include street grids.   ... On the other hand, cul-de-sacs do have a countervailing public benefit: because of their very inaccessibility, they tend to have less automobile traffic. Given the existence of important public policy goals on both sides,

704-572: A Loss, and be in Confusion and Suspense; or if he pushes on daringly, may be easily destroyed. The same opinion is expressed by an earlier thinker, Aristotle , when he criticized the Hippodamian grid : ... but for security in war [the arrangement is more useful if it is planned in] the opposite [manner], as it used to be in ancient times. For that [arrangement] is difficult for foreign troops to enter and find their way about when attacking. In

880-564: A bright girl from a good background who gets fed up with being ogled and pinched by men in her secretarial job and says, right I might as well make some money out of it." With her spiky hair and bright clothing, Daphne stood out from other female characters on television at the time. She was portrayed as a strong, smart and independent woman. She was often shrewd and "a warm friend" to those around her. Tony Johnston, author of Neighbours: 20 years of Ramsay Street stated that Daphne had "an appealing mix of cheek, savvy and the-girl-next-door." She

1056-546: A cardiac arrest and dies. For her portrayal of Daphne, Smith received a nomination for the Logie Award for Most Popular Actress in 1987. Josephine Monroe, author of Neighbours: The First 10 Years , stated that Daphne became one of the most popular and colourful characters to have been in Neighbours . While reviewing the show's early episodes, Newsday ' s Terry Kelleher thought Daphne was "surprisingly wholesome for

1232-483: A city seeking to maximize walkability should not favor cul-de-sacs over grids, but should also allow some cul-de-sacs as a legitimate residential option.   ... In addition, there are "middle ground" alternatives between prohibiting cul-de-sacs and mandating them. For example, a city could encourage cul-de-sacs combined with pedestrian walkways." This design combination is shown in the Village Homes layout and

1408-511: A cul-de-sac or being on a through-street. It also established again that simple, linear cul-de-sacs with good numbers of dwellings that are joined to through streets tend to be safe. As for permeability, it suggests that residential areas should be permeable enough to allow movement in all directions but no more. The overprovision of poorly-used permeability is a crime hazard. More generally, the New Urbanism movement has offered criticism of

1584-570: A cul-de-sac street as does social networking. Design guidelines based on the CPTED perspective recommend its use for those reasons. Cul-de-sac streets increase spontaneous outdoor activity by children. A study in California examined the amount of child play that occurred on the streets of neighbourhoods with different characteristics; grid pattern and cul-de-sacs. The findings indicate that cul-de-sacs showed substantial increase in play activity than

1760-756: A dead end street with a circular end allowing for easy turning at the end of the road. In Australia, Canada, and some parts of the United States, a street is usually referred to as a court when it has a bulbous end. Dead ends are added to road layouts in urban planning to limit through-traffic in residential areas. While some dead ends provide no possible passage except in and out of their road entry, others allow cyclists , pedestrians or other non-automotive traffic to pass through connecting easements or paths, an example of filtered permeability . The International Federation of Pedestrians proposed to call such streets "living end streets" and to provide signage at

1936-428: A disconnected network of cul-de-sac and looped streets is inconvenient and non-intuitive, particularly when combined with curvilinear geometry. Loss of orientation and sense of direction is also a common experience in older cities with cul-de-sac streets (Medina of Arab cities or Mediterranean hill towns ) as well as in cities with highly-irregular block geometries and sizes and corresponding street alignments that produce

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2112-441: A fatal heart attack in the kitchen. Dale felt "stitched up" by the producers, who left him lying on the floor of the set all day. After Jim's departure, the house is home to Wayne Duncan (Jonathan Sammy Lee) and Julie's family, which includes her husband, Philip Martin (Ian Rawlings), his children Debbie ( Marnie Reece-Wilmore ) and Michael (Troy Beckwith), and their only child, Hannah ( Rebecca Ritters ). In 1997, Anne Haddy,

2288-573: A feeling that she and Des would eventually marry. Despite Shane having once been Des's "rival in romance", he acted as best man. Cook added that the wedding, which saw most of the regular cast on-set, was "no small affair". A few months after the wedding, Daphne became pregnant. Her pregnancy lasted over the usual nine months and Smith explained that the producers had stretched it out for longer, so they could tie it into other storylines. Daphne and Des's son, Jamie (S.J. Dey), arrived in July 1987 and became

2464-596: A few months later. Toadie briefly goes to Sydney and he asks Ned to find some new tenants. Ned selects Frazer Yeats ( Ben Lawson ), Pepper Steiger ( Nicky Whelan ) and Will Griggs ( Christian Clark ). Ned is unaware that Toadie had promised his room to Rosetta Cammeniti ( Natalie Saleeba ). A vote is taken between the housemates to decide who stays and Ned is voted out. Will leaves and Frazer's younger brother, Ringo Brown ( Sam Clark ), moves in along with Carmella Cammeniti ( Natalie Blair ). Will's brother, Oliver Barnes ( David Hoflin ), stays briefly. Pepper leaves at

2640-478: A fire breaks out and ruins the house. Number 26 then became a sharehouse, with residents Kyle Canning ( Chris Milligan ), Jade Mitchell ( Gemma Pranita ), Mark Brennan ( Scott McGregor ), Michelle Tran (HaiHa Le), and Rhys Lawson ( Ben Barber ). Kyle's dog, Bossy (Bossy), became an addition to the household for the next four years. Producers later introduced Kyle's grandmother Sheila Canning ( Colette Mann ), who decides to move to Erinsborough, and purchases

2816-820: A grid but irregular. The western part of the excavated village, where the workers lived, shows fifteen narrow and short dead ends laid out perpendicularly on either side of a wider, straight street; all terminate at the enclosing walls. Dead end streets also appeared during the classical period of Athens and Rome . The 15th century architect and planner Leon Battista Alberti implies in his writings that dead end streets may have been used intentionally in antiquity for defense purposes. He writes: The Ancients in All Towns were for having some intricate Ways and turn again Streets [i.e., dead ends or loops], without any Passage through them, that if an Enemy comes into them, he may be at

2992-546: A grid by blocking through-traffic. Whole neighbourhood street reconfigurations emerged in several cities, mainly concentrated in North America and the UK, which include Berkeley, California ; Seattle, Washington ; and Vancouver, British Columbia . The transformation of grid plans since the 1970s limits access to an existing road that is newly designated as a major artery , enabling traffic to move smoothly on it, alleviating residents' concerns. This selective, sporadic transformation

3168-422: A hard time turning around, which means that children who live in a cul-de-sac must often walk to a bus stop on a main through-road. However, recent research on obesity and urban planning suggests that to be a possible advantage because it enables children to get daily physical activity. Longer walking distances, however, reduce interest to use buses especially when a car is available. This disincentive to walking to

3344-691: A heart attack. Phoebe gives birth to a daughter, Hope, and she marries Stephen Gottlieb ( Lochie Daddo ). Dorothy rents the house to Phoebe and Stephen after she moves away with Toby and her new fiancé. The Gottliebs decide to take in lodgers and their first was Russell Butler (Stephen Whittaker), who kidnaps Hope and refuses to pay his rent. He later flees Ramsay Street. The next lodgers are Beth Brennan (Natalie Imbruglia) and Stephen's brother, Mark ( Bruce Samazan ). Phoebe and Stephen leave Erinsborough and Mark takes in Annalise Hartman ( Kimberley Davies ) and Rick Alessi ( Dan Falzon ). From then on

3520-414: A labyrinthine effect. The long history of such cities implies that an irregular, complicated street network that appears entirely illegible to a visitor is well understood and used by the inhabitants. More convincing about its workability for their permanent residents are the case histories of cities such as Regensburg that show a gradual transformation of an imported or imposed orthogonal, "legible" grid to

3696-649: A lodger and shortly afterwards she lets Paul move back in. Ned later moves into Number 26. Paul asks Rebecca Napier ( Jane Hall ) and her son, Declan ( James Sorensen ), to move in. When Paul's affair with Kirsten Gannon ( Nikola Dubois ) is exposed, Rebecca and Declan move out. Elle forces Paul to leave for a short while and she later invites Donna Freedman ( Margot Robbie ) to move in. Elle invites her boyfriend, Lucas Fitzgerald ( Scott Major ), to move with her. Rebecca, Declan and his daughter, India (Alia De Vercelli/Gabriella De Vercelli), are forced to move out of Number 26 and they move back into Number 22. Elle sells

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3872-470: A lodger, before her son, Joe Mangel ( Mark Little ), grandson, Toby Mangel (Finn Greentree-Keane), and their dog, Bouncer (Bouncer), move in. Both Mrs Mangel and Jane soon depart, and Joe's fiancée, Kerry Bishop ( Linda Hartley-Clark ), and her daughter, Sky Bishop (Miranda Fryer), move in. Matt Robinson (Ashley Paske) and Melanie Pearson ( Lucinda Cowden ) become lodgers. After Joe and Melanie are married, they sell Number 32 and move away. The house

4048-448: A loop, and 0% the grid. Only 13% of grid street residents preferred their own type and 54% would choose a cul-de-sac. Two other studies, reported in 1990 and 2009 respectively, confirmed the upward trend and determined the premium that cul-de-sac streets command. The first found a 29% premium over the streets in a grid. The second, focused on trails and greenbelts, found that other amenities including cul-de-sac streets add significantly to

4224-403: A man in her life but she's certainly got two men there. It's a triangle that's developed, but to try and give a rational explanation to it is next to impossible." Smith thought Daphne was ideal for Shane and that she had a great deal of love for him. On the other hand, Daphne also loved Des, who she trusted and had become good friends with. O'Brien stated that as far as Shane was concerned, Daphne

4400-532: A modified, improved version of it, mentioned above, that enables pedestrian and bicycle through-movement. While this more permeable version can be applied in new developments easily, modifying existing impermeable cul-de-sac streets is problematic as it encounters property ownership issues. Efforts in that direction are, however, being made. Because of the complicated legal process and the sheer number of existing cul-de-sac streets, however, such efforts would be slow to produce results and may have little impact in changing

4576-428: A mystery. Daphne had received a good education and worked in an office as a secretary, until she told her sexist boss to "jump in a lake." Daphne then chose to become a stripper rather than ask her mother, Tina ( Beverley Dunn ), for a loan. Of Daphne's profession as a stripper, Smith explained "The whole point of Daphne being a stripper is that she's completely counter to the black stockings and garters cliche. She's

4752-456: A new share house for the street after David Tanaka ( Takaya Honda ) and Aaron Brennan (Matt Wilson) buy it from Lauren and Brad. Residents in the house during David and Aaron's ownership have included Chloe Brennan ( April Rose Pengilly ), Kyle Canning ( Chris Milligan ), Leo Tanaka (Tim Kano), Roxy Willis (Zima Anderson), Scarlett Brady ( Christie Whelan Browne ), Elly Conway ( Jodi Anasta ), Nicolette Stone (Charlotte Chimes) and

4928-421: A period of rapid economic and city expansion, when a detached house on a large lot meant an ideal form of habitation. The temporal coincidence of the wide adoption of a street type and an increasing demand for large lots and houses suggests a necessary relationship between street type and unit density. Historically, however, the earliest systematic application of the cul-de-sac street type by Raymond Unwin (1909) had

5104-589: A poll to find out which television property is the best. The open plan houses in the street gained forty per cent of the vote. During a hostage situation in Number 32, Roz Laws of the Sunday Mercury noted "Ramsay Street becomes a disaster zone, it's almost as dangerous as Summer Bay these days". A Sunday Mail reporter observed, "Ramsay Street is the friendly sort of place where folk move into and out of each other's houses. It's much like Goldilocks testing

5280-464: A popular character, the producers sent Daphne to care for her dying father. However, viewers were not satisfied with this ending as it meant Des and Daphne would have to break up, so producers decided to conclude Daphne's storyline by killing her off in a car accident. Smith agreed to return to conclude her character's storyline after learning that a body double had been hired for Daphne's death scenes. She made her final appearance on 25 March 1988, becoming

5456-475: A relationship with Susan Cole (Gloria Ajenstat) and he invites her to move in. Susan leaves Ramsay Street and Clive moves into a flat behind his surgery. Following Clive's departure, the house is bought by Paul Robinson ( Stefan Dennis ) for the Daniels Corporation, who want the land to build a supermarket on. The deal falls through and Paul moves in. When he marries Gail Lewis ( Fiona Corke ),

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5632-528: A relationship. During Neighbours' first-season finale in 1985, Daphne broke up with Shane and proposed to Des, who accepted. However, on the day of their wedding, Daphne's bridal car was hijacked by a bank robber and she was late to the church. Having been stood up five times in the past, Des gave up waiting and left. The couple failed to sort out what had happened and their relationship ended. Daphne rekindled her romance with Shane and they became engaged, but Daphne became worried about rushing into marriage on

5808-455: A return to the 19th century gridiron is undesirable. The decrease in traffic, in turn, is thought to lower the incidence of crime and increase desirability, because in most cases the people who traverse the cul-de-sac either live there or are guests of those who do. CPTED planning principles suggest increased natural surveillance and sense of ownership as a means of fostering security in a neighbourhood. Both of these phenomena occur naturally on

5984-610: A returning Jane Harris. David and Aaron's foster child, Emmet Donaldson , and his brother, Brent Colefax , move into the house for two periods between 2020 and 2021. Unaware that she isn’t their child, David and Aaron later take in Abigail Tanaka (Mary Finn), until her true identity is revealed. Jane and Nicolette move back in, along with Nicolette, David and Aaron's real child, Isla Tanaka-Brennan (also Finn; Axelle Austin). Aaron, David, Nicolette and Isla planned to move to New York with Paul Robinson ( Stefan Dennis ) as part of

6160-411: A school bus-stop can be overcome in planned cul-de-sac streets by regulating their maximum length to about 500 ft (150 m), as was recommended and practiced by R. Unwin and others. Weighing available evidence has led a few US cities including Austin, Texas ; Charlotte, North Carolina ; and Portland, Oregon , to restrict and regulate the inclusion of cul-de-sac streets in new suburbs. However,

6336-434: A significant role in traffic safety and should be considered in conjunction with the network pattern. While all intersection types in general increase the incidence of fatal crashes, four-way intersections, which rarely occur in a network with cul-de-sac or loop streets, increase total and injurious crashes significantly. The study recommends hybrid street networks with dense concentrations of T-intersections, and concludes that

6512-584: A similar incentive was provided to developers by CMHC . The incentives, which were discontinued in the 1970s, gave the initial impetus for the application of the hierarchical pattern. In other countries, such incentives do not exist, and adoption is motivated by customer preferences. American urban planning , in the 19th and the early 20th centuries, emphasized a grid plan , partly out of extensive reliance on foot, horse, ⁰and trams for transportation. In such earlier urban development, alleys were included to allow for deliveries of soiled supplies, such as coal, to

6688-407: A stripper amused her and quipped that Daphne was the only stripper who never had to take her clothes off. The character of Daphne was introduced to Neighbours as a "saucy stripper with a heart of gold." In their 1989 book, The Neighbours Factfile , Neil Wallis and Dave Hogan wrote that Daphne came from a rich, but uncaring family. They were rarely mentioned on-screen, making her past somewhat of

6864-422: A stripper, meant Daphne became an immediate favourite with viewers. The way she treated the serial's teenagers as adults also endeared her to the younger viewers. Daphne gave up her career as a stripper to run the coffee shop, which her grandfather Harry Henderson ( Johnny Lockwood ) gave to her, after he won it in a poker game. Kingsley commented that Daphne ran the business like "a pro". Daphne's position in

7040-711: A stripteaser, preferring housecleaning to home-wrecking." A writer for the BBC 's Neighbours website thought Daphne's most notable moment was "Going into labour with Jamie at a riverside picnic." Claudia Pattison from mobile network operator Orange branded Des and Daphne one of the most popular couples in the serial's history, while a Virgin Media writer thought that they had "one of soapland's happiest marriages". The Sydney Morning Herald 's Michael Idato called them Neighbours' first supercouple . Mary Fletcher from Inside Soap commented that Des and Daphne's troubled romance

7216-487: A unit density between 8 and 12 units per acre (20 and 30 per hectare), considerably higher than mid-to-late 20th century. Even in the 21st century, developments rarely achieve densities above 5 to 7 units per acre (12 to 17 per hectare) in the suburbs. Conversely, early 1950s suburban developments that were laid out on a grid exhibit similar low densities. Evidently, street, network type and density are not linked causally; other factors, such as land scarcity and income, influence

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7392-495: A while as well as Ben Atkins (Brett Cousins) and his sister, Caitlin (Emily Milburn). Ben and Caitlin move out in 1998 and Sarah's new housemates are Joel Samuels ( Daniel MacPherson ) and Toadfish Rebecchi ( Ryan Moloney ). Sarah leaves in 1999 and Lou Carpenter ( Tom Oliver ) buys the house at auction. Sarah's place in the house is fought over by Lance Wilkinson ( Andrew Bibby ) and Amy Greenwood ( Jacinta Stapleton ), with Lance winning. Lance later moves out and his place

7568-473: A word or phrase seeming to have a negative connotation is replaced in street signs with a new coinage ("no outlet" is another alternative name used on street signs). Daphne Clarke Daphne Clarke (also Lawrence ) is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Neighbours , played by Elaine Smith . Daphne was created by Reg Watson as one of Neighbours' twelve original characters. The producer had originally wanted Rebecca Gibney to play

7744-509: Is Callum's mother. Toadie and Sonya make up and she moves back in. Following Susan Kennedy 's ( Jackie Woodburne ) separation from her husband, Toadie, invites her to move in. In early 2012, the Number 30 set underwent a makeover. On screen, Sonya pushes Toadie to redecorate and change the colour scheme from "drab plaid" and brown to a "brighter, more retro look." Towards the end of the year, Toadie's cousin, Georgia Brooks ( Saskia Hampele ), moves in, while their daughter Nell (Scarlett Anderson)

7920-444: Is a picture of innocence in comparison with dank, skulking Coronation Street or the war zone of Albert Square ." The Age ' s Frank Barrett said the lifestyle presented in Neighbours was "undeniably seductive" and wrote, "Ramsay Street is free of war, disease, hunger and poverty. The sun shines, the outdoor pool is always warm and, while there is no past, the future always looks good." In September 2010, Ramsay Street came first in

8096-590: Is an integral part of the Fused Grid . George Orwell wrote in his 1946 article " Politics and the English Language " that the term "cul de sac" is another foreign word used in English as pretentious diction and is unnecessary. The word "cul-de-sac" and its synonyms or near synonyms "dead end" and "no exit" have inspired metaphorical uses in literature and in culture, often with the result that

8272-564: Is banned from seeing Jane Harris ( Annie Jones ) by her grandmother, Mrs. Mangel ( Vivean Gray ). Daphne soon discovers that Sue Parker (Kate Gorman) has been sending poison pen letters about Mike to Mrs. Mangel and exposes her. Daphne contracts meningitis , but she recovers and then learns that she is pregnant. Daphne and Des's marriage becomes strained when she learns that he has been in contact with Lorraine. The couple eventually talk and Des explains that he had just given Lorraine some financial advice. Mrs. Mangel offers to help Daphne paint

8448-482: Is born and moves in. After Elly and Aster move out, Hendrix moves in permanently after his father's departure. Levi Canning (Richie Morris) moves into the home in 2022. In November 2019, 5 Pin Oak Court, the real house used for Number 28's exterior shots, was put up for sale for just over $ 1 million. It sold at auction for $ 1.405 million, becoming the first house on the court to sell for seven figures. Number 30

8624-416: Is born at the beginning of 2013. Sonya invites Steph to move in again following her reintroduction to the serial. In June 2016, Sonya's father, Walter ( Greg Stone ), briefly stays, so she can support him while he tries to overcome his alcohol problems. In 2018, Hugo Somers (John Turner), Toadie's baby son with Andrea Somers ( Madeleine West ), comes to live at the house. Between October and December 2018,

8800-665: Is born soon after. Des and Mike continue to live in the house after Daphne dies, but Des eventually sells it to Doug Willis ( Terence Donovan ) and his wife, Pam Willis ( Sue Jones ). Their children all live in the house during their respective tenures on the show. The family departs in 1994. The house is bought by Karl Kennedy ( Alan Fletcher ) and his wife, Susan Kennedy ( Jackie Woodburne ), who initially live with their three children, Malcolm ( Benjamin McNair ), Libby ( Kym Valentine ) and Billy Kennedy ( Jesse Spencer ). Karl and Susan take in various friends of their children over

8976-754: Is bought by Rosemary Daniels ( Joy Chambers ) on behalf of the Daniel's Corporation and it is rented to Faye Hudson ( Lorraine Bayly ) and her son, Cameron Hudson . The Martin family move in and later rent it out to Malcolm Kennedy ( Benjamin McNair ) and Danni Stark ( Eliza Szonert ), and then to Angie Rebecchi ( Lesley Baker ) and her sons, Stonefish (Anthony Engelman) and Toadfish Rebecchi ( Ryan Moloney ). The house continues to be rented to several regular and recurring characters, including Ruth Wilkinson ( Ailsa Piper ), Mike Healey ( Andrew Blackman ), Tess Bell ( Krista Vendy ), Daniel Fitzgerald ( Brett Tucker ) and Dee Bliss ( Madeleine West ). The house

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9152-665: Is complemented by the additions of Roxy Willis (Zima Anderson) and Paul's granddaughter, Harlow Robinson (Jemma Donovan). Terese invites Britney Barnes ( Montana Cox ) and her daughter, Abigail Tanaka (Mary Finn), to briefly stay, before she kicks Paul out following his continuous deceit towards her and later Harlow when she expresses her support for Paul. To Paul's disappointment, Terese invites his half-brother, Glen Donnelly (Richard Huggett), to live with her to help her stay sober. Roxy then moves out following her marriage and Ned later moves to Sydney. Terese's estranged mother, Estelle Petrides ( Maria Mercedes ), temporarily moves into

9328-464: Is continuing. As traffic volumes increase and as cities decide to remove or reduce traffic on specific streets of central areas, streets are closed off using bollards or landscaping thus making new, originally unplanned dead ends and producing a new, functional blend of the inherited grid with newer street types. A recent variation of limiting traffic is managed closure by using retractable bollards that are activated only by designated card-holders. Since

9504-471: Is dying. Des persuades her to make things right with Allen. Daphne then decides to nurse her father and she takes Jamie to stay with him. Months later, Gail Robinson ( Fiona Corke ) offers to drive Daphne and Jamie back to Ramsay Street after Allen's funeral. During the journey, they are involved in a car crash, which leaves Daphne in a coma. Des stays by her side and is holding her hand when she briefly wakes up to tell him that she loves him. Daphne then suffers

9680-615: Is killed in an explosion at the hotel. Helping her to grieve, Piper takes in Clementine the cat as her own and Clementine lives at Number 22 till 2020. Imogen Willis ( Ariel Kaplan ) leaves following her marriage to Daniel Robinson ( Tim Phillipps ). Terese and Piper are joined by Brad's daughter, Paige Smith ( Olympia Valance ), and her son, Gabriel (Kian Bafekrpour), between 2017 and 2018, followed by Brad's son, Ned Willis (Ben Hall). In 2019, Piper moves away and Paul returns to Number 22 prior to his marriage to Terese. The household

9856-417: Is later invited to stay too. After Kirsha, Clancy, Shane and Dipi leave, a recently returned Amy Greenwood temporarily moves in with Toadie, Mackenzie and Yashvi for a few months. Yashvi departs for Sydney to live with her family, whilst Amy moves back in with her daughter, Zara Selwyn (Freya Van Dyke). Melanie Pearson ( Lucinda Cowden ) decides to move in with Toadie when they declare that their relationship

10032-733: Is left empty for a while, but Paul then rents it to the Lim Family for a month. Paul then sells the house to Cheryl Stark ( Caroline Gillmer ) and she moves in with her son and daughter, Brett ( Brett Blewitt ) and Danni ( Eliza Szonert ). Cheryl, Brett and Danni go to live with Cheryl's partner, Lou Carpenter ( Tom Oliver ) for a short while, before all four move back to Number 22. Cheryl dies in 1996 and Brett and Danni move away. Cheryl's elder son, Darren ( Todd MacDonald ), and Marlene Kratz (Moya O'Sullivan) move in to help Lou. Marlene leaves in 1997 and Darren in 1998. Lou's youngest daughter, Louise ( Jiordan Anna Tolli ), also leaves when it

10208-458: Is moving on too quickly. When Des learns that he is not Bradley's father, he tries to win Daphne back. Shane becomes jealous of Daphne and Des's friendship and when he verbally attacks them, Daphne breaks up with him. She gets back together with Des and they eventually marry. Daphne and Des become Mike Young's legal guardians when they learn that he comes from a violent home. Daphne helps Mike when he

10384-418: Is necessary not only in the general interest of the population, but, above all, for the sake of the children, whose health (amongst the working classes ) is mainly dependent on the opportunity of moving about in close connection with their dwelling places, without the danger of being run over. In the earlier periods, traffic was excluded from residential streets simply by gates or by employing the cul-de-sac. It

10560-411: Is not a necessary outcome of street network design and can be improved. The practice of naming orthogonal networks by numbers and letters in the corresponding cardinal directions has been criticized by Camilo Sitte as lacking imagination. Nonetheless, police and fire departments now use advanced GPS systems that quickly locate the destination and the shortest path to follow. School buses can also have

10736-656: Is occupied by Carol Brown and her family at the beginning of the series, followed briefly by the Sutton family . Later in 1985, Jim Robinson ( Alan Dale ) rents the house for his son, Paul ( Stefan Dennis ), and his new wife, Terry ( Maxine Klibingaitis ). Terry shoots Paul and is sent to prison. Paul then moves back to his family home. The Simpson family buy the house, but they are never seen on screen. The house next appears in 1988, when Edith Chubb (Irene Inescort) buys it and moves in with her nieces, Bronwyn ( Rachel Friend ) and Sharon (Jessica Muschamp). When Edith moves to

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10912-493: Is progressing. Once Toadie and Melanie get married, they put their house up for sale, as part of one of the serial's final storylines. Amy and Zara move out and, after some convincing from the other neighbours, Toadie and Melanie decide to stay at Number 30. When Neighbours resumes in 2023 , Melanie has left Toadie. Thus, after 25 years, Toadie moves out of his house with his children and new wife, Terese, into Number 22. Remi Varga-Murphy enquires about buying number 30 and views

11088-578: Is revealed that Lou was not her biological father. Lou then begins to take in lodgers, including Toadfish Rebecchi ( Ryan Moloney ), Drew Kirk ( Dan Paris ) and Darcy Tyler ( Mark Raffety ). Drew and his wife Libby ( Kym Valentine ) rent the house from Lou briefly, following the birth of their son Ben (Noah Sutherland). After Drew's death, Libby moves back in with her parents and Lou returns. Nina Tucker ( Delta Goodrem ) and her mother, Trixie Tucker ( Wendy Stapleton ), move in with Lou and both later move in 2003. Valda Sheergold ( Joan Sydney ) buys

11264-509: Is taken by Dee Bliss ( Madeleine West ). After Joel leaves, Stuart Parker ( Blair McDonough ) moves in and Dee goes missing, presumed dead. Connor O'Neill ( Patrick Harvey ) then moves into the house and it becomes known as the "House of Trouser". Lou decides to sell the house in 2004 and the boys buy it. Stuart's girlfriend, Sindi Watts ( Marisa Warrington ), moves in and so does Stuart's brother, Ned ( Dan O'Connor ). Stuart and Sindi leave and Connor disappears in mysterious circumstances

11440-516: Is the father of her son, Bradley (Bradley Kilpatrick). Daphne rents a room from Clive Gibbons at Number 22 and her best friend, Zoe Davis ( Ally Fowler ), also moves in. Daphne's grandfather, Harry gives her the lease to the local coffee shop and she gives up her career as a stripper. She renames the business 'Daphne's' and despite an initial struggle, the coffee shop soon begins making a profit. Daphne gets back together with Shane and they become engaged, but she starts to have doubts about whether she

11616-598: Is then bought by the Hancock family and later Max Hoyland ( Stephen Lovatt ), who lives there with his children, Boyd ( Kyal Marsh ) and Summer Hoyland ( Marisa Siketa ), and wife, Stephanie Scully ( Carla Bonner ). Following Max's exit, Toadfish Rebecchi and Ned Parker ( Dan O'Connor ) briefly move in as lodgers. At the end of 2006, a hostage situation storyline involving Steph, her son, Charlie Hoyland (Aaron Aulsebrook-Walker), Toadfish, Zeke Kinski ( Matthew Werkmeister ) and Katya Kinski ( Dichen Lachman ) occurs at

11792-410: Is viewed as a dynamic social and cultural construct , especially in contemporary, open, multicultural cities. Residential area street configuration can assist its emergence only by reducing through-traffic and increasing local pedestrian movement – a design goal for which connected cul-de-sac and looped streets are suited. Issues of pedestrian trip length and isolation are very evident in

11968-754: The Foundation for the Built Environment in the UK for encouraging car transport for even short distances, as more direct connections are precluded by the geometry, which necessitates long travel distances even to physically-nearby locations. This increases fuel consumption and vehicle emissions and has negative effects on health by reducing walking and cycling rates. Related research in the United States by Richard Jackson has shown that people in car-based (cul-de-sac heavy) communities weigh on average 6 pounds (2.7 kg) more than those in traditional towns (with open grid networks). An extensive analysis of

12144-567: The Radburn model in the late 1960s. In the 1960s the cul-de-sac attained systematic international application in planned new cities such as Doxiadis' Islamabad (1960). In the UK, new towns such as Harlow (1947) by Sir Frederick Gibberd and Milton Keynes (1967) incorporated cul-de-sacs and crescents in their layouts. Planning theorists have suggested the use of alternatives to cul-de-sacs. Most notably, Christopher Alexander et al., in his 1977 book " A Pattern Language " (pattern #49) suggests

12320-534: The Ramsay children. After their marriage falls apart, Daniel leaves town and Libby and Ben move out. Stephanie Scully ( Carla Bonner ) and her son move in with Toadie and Callum, while they pretend to be a couple. After the secret is exposed, Steph moves out again. Sonya Mitchell ( Eve Morey ) agrees to move in with Toadie and Callum and when her sister, Jade ( Gemma Pranita ), arrives, Toadie invites her to stay too. He later asks them to leave when he discovers Sonya

12496-609: The United States (such as Radburn , New Jersey , and Village Homes , California ), England (such as Milton Keynes ), and Greece (such as Papagou , a suburb of Athens ). Acknowledging their use, Germany , under the 2009 amendment to the Road Traffic Act, introduced an additional sign for cul-de-sacs that are permeable to pedestrians and cyclists (see under signage below). A new system for organizing connected, permeable cul-de-sacs into complete neighbourhoods,

12672-415: The fused grid , has been developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation . In the development context and planning literature of North America , cul-de-sacs have been associated with low-density residential development. Sustainable development theorists and proponents claim that to be, in some undefined way, inefficient. The increased prevalence of cul-de-sac streets occurred in the 1960s and 1970s,

12848-644: The 1920s, the garden city movement became more popular in the United States and, with it, came its design elements, such as the cul-de-sac. Clarence Stein , a main proponent of the movement, incorporated it in the Radburn, New Jersey (1929) subdivision, which was to become a model for subsequent neighborhood developments. The first modern cul-de-sac (1922) in America might be found in Buffalo, New York . The country's Federal Housing Authority (FHA) recommended and promoted their use through their 1936 guidelines and

13024-672: The 1960s, the pattern has been the dominant road network structure of suburbs and exurbs in the United States, Canada, and Australia. It is also increasingly popular in Latin America , Western Europe , and China . In this pattern, there are only a few roads (relative to the number of cul-de-sac streets) leading out of the subdivision and into other subdivisions or onto major roads. In the US, these changes can be attributed to real-estate developers' desire to meet FHA guidelines and make federal home loans available to their customers. In Canada,

13200-600: The 1980s, the interior decor of the houses was meant to be "unobtrusive and easy to watch." The majority of the furniture and wallpaper came from normal stores, but the curtains had to be specially made to hide the fact the scenes outside the windows were painted. When Neighbours first began, Number 22 was empty. In 1986, the house is rented out by Clive Gibbons (Geoff Paine), who rented it from an unseen landlord. During his time there, Clive invites Daphne Lawrence ( Elaine Smith ), Zoe Davis ( Ally Fowler ) and Mike Young ( Guy Pearce ) to move in with him. Clive later begins

13376-775: The Ramsay family. The locket leads to the revelation that Anne and Max Ramsay had a daughter, Jill Ramsay (Perri Cummings), whose children Kate Ramsay ( Ashleigh Brewer ), Harry Ramsay (Will Moore) and Sophie Ramsay ( Kaiya Jones ) move into Number 24. They take in Lou, Lucas Fitzgerald ( Scott Major ), and Vanessa Villante ( Alin Sumarwata ). In 2012, the Kapoor family – Ajay ( Sachin Joab ), his wife Priya (Menik Gooneratne), and their daughter, Rani (Coco Cherian) – are introduced to

13552-553: The Rebecchis' nanny, Alice Wells ( Kerry Armstrong ), lives at the house, until her true identity as Andrea's mother and Hugo's grandmother is revealed. Sonya dies after a short fight with cancer. Toadie invites his brother Shane Rebecchi (Nicholas Coghlan), his wife, Dipi Rebecchi (Sharon Johal), and daughters, Yashvi Rebecchi (Olivia Junkeer) and Kirsha Rebecchi (Vani Dhir), along with their dog, Clancy (Rocky), to move in to Number 30. Mackenzie Hargreaves ( Georgie Stone )

13728-497: The Seven Network, the adjoining suburb in which Pin Oak Court is located. As part of the serial's finale in July 2022, all the characters living on the street, with the exceptions of Susan ( Jackie Woodburne ) and Karl Kennedy ( Alan Fletcher ), put their houses up for sale, however most of them end up staying. The 2022 Neighbours finale ends with the neighbours having a street party on Ramsay Street. On 18 September 2023

13904-509: The UK, their prior existence is implied by the Public Health Act 1875 , which banned their use in new developments. Inferential evidence of their earlier use can also be drawn from the text of a German architect, Rudolf Eberstadt, that explains their purpose and utility: We have, in our medieval towns, showing very commendable methods of cutting up the land. I ought to mention here that to keep traffic out of residential streets

14080-466: The amount of through-traffic (vehicular or pedestrian) that might notice an accident or crime victim in need of help. Proponents of cul-de-sacs and gated communities have in turn countered that the reduction in through-traffic makes any "stranger" much more recognisable in the closed local environment and thus reduces crime danger. That view has in turn been characterized as unrealistic. It is argued that, since only very few of all non-locals passing through

14256-449: The area are potential criminals, increased traffic should increase rather than decrease safety. Research has expanded the discussion on the disputed issue. A 2008 study did extensive spatial analysis and correlated several building, site plan and social factors with crime frequencies and identified subtle nuances to the contrasting positions. The study looked at, among others, a) dwelling types, b) unit density (site density) c) movement on

14432-436: The back-to-front housing arrangement where the front of the house fronts onto the cul-de-sac street while the rear fronts onto the main roads. Some of the problems can be mitigated by the newer practice of connecting the neighbouring roads and cul-de-sacs with public pedestrian or cycle paths. In effect, this removes the discontinuity aspect for these modes of transport. Built examples of such connected cul-de-sacs can be found in

14608-546: The bank sells the house to Lucas Fitzgerald ( Scott Major ) and Vanessa Villante ( Alin Sumarwata ). Vanessa later invites Lou Carpenter to move in with her and Lucas. After Vanessa and Lucas move to temporary accommodation near the hospital, Lou's daughter, Lauren Turner ( Kate Kendall ), and her family move in. Daniel Robinson ( Tim Phillipps ) moves in to help the family after Matt Turner 's ( Josef Brown ) death. Both Brad Willis ( Kip Gamblin ) and his father, Doug ( Terence Donovan ), move into Number 32 in 2016, marking

14784-440: The bedroom when Des's fiancée, Lorraine Kingham ( Antoinette Byron ), arrives with her parents to call off the wedding. Daphne comforts Des and helps clean up his house. Shane Ramsay, who hired Daphne for the party, flirts with her and asks her to watch him train at the pool some day. He tells her that he wants to see her again and she agrees to go to dinner with him. Daphne decides to move into Number 28 with Des to help him pay off

14960-768: The birth of Oscar Scully (Ingo Dammer-Smith). Following several departures, the Timmins family move in with Lyn. The family is made up of Janelle Timmins ( Nell Feeney ) and her children, Stingray ( Ben Nicholas ), Dylan ( Damien Bodie ), Janae ( Eliza Taylor-Cotter ) and Bree Timmins ( Sianoa Smit-McPhee ). Janae is the only remaining Timmins by 2007, and she lives with Ned Parker ( Dan O'Connor ) and his son, Mickey Gannon ( Fletcher O'Leary ). Producers later introduced Ned's brother Steve Parker ( Steve Bastoni ), his wife Miranda Parker ( Nikki Coghill ), and their children, Bridget Parker ( Eloise Mignon ) and Riley Parker ( Sweeney Young ). Lou Carpenter also moves in with

15136-400: The character, especially as it meant Daphne and Des would have to break up, a situation that they would not accept. Smith agreed, pointing out that Daphne and Des had such a strong marriage that she would not walk out on him and their son. She said producers took the decision to kill off Daphne, which would lead to "challenging" future storylines for Keane and his character. Smith agreed with

15312-455: The children move out, various relations stay at the house, including Jim's long-lost son, Glen Donnelly (Richard Huggett), and Jim's wife Beverly Marshall 's (Lisa Armytage) niece and nephew, Katie Landers (Sally Jensen) and Todd Landers ( Kristian Schmid ). Lodgers also include Nick Page ( Mark Stevens ) and Matt Robinson (Ashley Paske). Following Alan Dale's decision to leave the show in 1993, producers decided to kill Jim off and he had

15488-443: The coffee shop meant that customers often confided in her and she helped mediate between several parents and their children. She also gained the trust and affection of the teenage characters, most notably Mike Young ( Guy Pearce ), who she took under her wing, later becoming his legal guardian. "Daphne was the sort of girl that Des never dreamed of dating. Aside from the fact that their two professions couldn't be more different, she

15664-422: The contents of the bears' house, depending on which love crisis the scriptwriters have brought to a head that week." Cul-de-sac The term "dead end" is not the most common expression used in all English-speaking places. Official terminology and traffic signs include many alternatives, some only used regionally. In the United States, a cul-de-sac is often not an exact synonym for "dead end " and refers to

15840-433: The corresponding number of entries and exits that need to be controlled. Dead ends are traditionally considered safer traffic environments for children than normal streets, but research shows that areas with many dead ends in fact have higher rates of traffic accidents involving young children. This increased risk of death is due to multiple factors, including: Cul-de-sacs are criticised by urban designers like those of

16016-589: The country to nurse a sick relative, Hilary Robinson ( Anne Scott-Pendlebury ) moves in to look after Sharon, and is later joined by her son, Matt ( Ashley Paske ). Dorothy Burke ( Maggie Dence ) purchases the house in 1990 when Hilary moves away, and her niece and nephew, Tiffany (Amber Kilpatrick) and Ryan (Richard Norton), later move in. After they leave, Dorothy takes in Toby Mangel ( Ben Geurens ) when his father remarries and moves away, and later Phoebe Bright (Simone Robertson) after her father suffers

16192-612: The couple live there as husband and wife until their divorce in 1989. Paul then rents the house to twins Caroline ( Gillian Blakeney ) and Christina Alessi ( Gayle Blakeney ). Paul later marries Christina and they live in the house with their son, Andrew (Shannon Holmes). In 1992, Caroline, Christina, Paul and Andrew leave. The house is then rented out to Benito ( George Spartels ) and Cathy Alessi ( Elspeth Ballantyne ), who move in with their sons, Marco ( Felice Arena ) and Rick ( Dan Falzon ). Marco left in late 1992. Benito and Cathy leave in 1993, causing Rick to move out. Number 22

16368-517: The cul-de-sac and crescent (loop) street types not intended to network with each other. It has been suggested that such street layouts can cause increased traffic on the collector streets. It is recognized that cul-de-sacs and looped streets inherently remove car traffic through them and restrict access to residents only. Resident traffic is naturally channelled to minor residential collectors and to arterials that provide inter-neighbourhood and inter-district connectivity. A study, reported in 1990, compared

16544-551: The cul-de-sac street type among home buyers is implied by the evidence that they often pay up to a 20% premium for a home on such a street, according to one study. That could be because there is considerably less passing traffic, resulting in less noise and reduced actual or perceived risk, increasing the sense of tranquility. A survey of residents on three types of streets: cul-de-sac, loop, and through (grid) recorded their preferences among these types. It found that 82% of cul-de-sac residents preferred their own street type, 18% preferred

16720-590: The cul-de-sac throughout the year. Interior sets were built at the Seven Network 's HSV studios in Melbourne. When Seven cancelled Neighbours in July 1985, it was immediately picked up by Network Ten . When the sets were due to be collected, Seven said they had been destroyed in a fire, forcing Ten to build new sets. The interior scenes are now filmed at Global Television studios in Forest Hill . In

16896-521: The decision, telling Robyn Harvey from The Sydney Morning Herald : "I wanted Daphne to die. I didn't want to be stuck in a television series for the rest of my life. I'd taken Daphne as far as she could go. She's run the gamut of every life experience she could possibly have. I'd had enough." Smith agreed to return for a few days in early 1988 to finish off Daphne's storyline. Smith told Murphy ( TV Week ) that she would resume filming in February, but

17072-478: The edges of rivers and property lines. They also choose these discontinuous network patterns of cul-de-sac and loop streets because of the often significant economies in infrastructure costs compared to the grid plan . From an environmental perspective, cul-de-sacs allow greater flexibility than the common grid in adapting to the natural grades of a site and to its ecologically sensitive features, such as streams, creeks, and mature forest growth. The desirability of

17248-498: The end of World War II , new subdivisions in the United States and Canada, as well as New Towns in England and other countries have made extensive use of the cul-de-sac and crescent (loops) street types. Typically, there is one or several central roads in the subdivision with many cul-de-sac streets of varying length, branching out from the main roads, to fill the land in the subdivision, a dendrite or hierarchical pattern. Since

17424-653: The end of 2007 and Daniel Fitzgerald ( Brett Tucker ) moves in. Frazer and Rosetta leave for Italy and Ringo moves out. Samantha Fitzgerald ( Simone Buchanan ) stays in the house briefly in April 2008. In 2008, Toadie takes in Callum Jones ( Morgan Baker ) as his guardian after his great-grandmother becomes ill. Libby Kennedy ( Kym Valentine ) and her son, Ben (Blake O'Leary), move in and she later marries Daniel. Lou also moves in after Lyn Scully ( Janet Andrewartha ) throws him out of Number 26; he later moves in with

17600-563: The entry of the streets that make this permeability for pedestrians and cyclists clear. Its application retains the dead end's primary function as a non-through road, but establishes complete pedestrian and bicycle network connectivity. The earliest examples of dead ends were unearthed in the El Lahun workers' village in Egypt , which was built in c. 1885 BC. The village is laid out with straight streets that intersect at right angles, akin to

17776-400: The family, along with Miranda's sister, Nicola West ( Imogen Bailey ), Rebecca Napier ( Jane Hall ) and her son, Declan Napier ( James Sorensen ). The Parker's leave following Bridget's death. Steph moves back in with Lyn and they are joined by Steph's stepdaughter, Summer Hoyland (now played by Jordy Lucas ). The Number 26 set was at the centre of the serial's 2010 season finale when

17952-499: The first baby to be born in Neighbours . In June 1987, reporters for TV Week confirmed Smith would be leaving Neighbours after two and a half years. They had predicted her departure from the show four weeks prior, after news that she had not renewed her contract emerged. They also reported that representatives from Grundys were trying to negotiate with Smith to stay on for an extra six weeks to tie up an important storyline. Smith's departure came at "a crucial time" as her character

18128-519: The first regular character to die on-screen. Daphne is one of the twelve original characters conceived by the creator and then executive producer of Neighbours , Reg Watson . When it came to casting, Waston had initially wanted actress Rebecca Gibney to play the role. However, she joined the cast of children's television series Zoo Family instead. Elaine Smith had previously made several small appearances in various established television series. In 1984, she came in to Neighbours to audition for

18304-507: The first regular character to die on-screen. Smith called the scene "very emotional" and praised Keane for his performance. Smith did not regret her character being killed off, adding "Daphne's death was more shocking than I thought it would be but I'm glad they've completed the storyline." Daphne is hired to perform at Des Clarke's buck's party in Ramsay Street. She returns the following morning to collect her watch and emerges from

18480-470: The first time Doug has lived on Ramsay Street in 21 years. Doug dies shortly after. Following Brad and Lauren's exits, they rent the house to Shane Rebecchi (Nicholas Coghlan) and his family, which includes his wife Dipi Rebecchi (Sharon Johal) and their daughters Yashvi Rebecchi (Olivia Junkeer) and Kirsha Rebecchi (Vani Dhir). Dipi's sister, Mishti Sharma (Scarlet Vas), along with Kirsha's dog, Clancy (Rocky), also join them. In 2019, Number 32 became

18656-474: The five-strong Scully family, consisting of Joe Scully ( Shane Connor ), his wife, Lyn ( Janet Andrewartha ), and their three daughters, Stephanie ( Carla Bonner ), Felicity ( Holly Valance ) and Michelle Scully (Kate Keltie). The family host various friends and family members throughout their tenure, including Connor O'Neill ( Patrick Harvey ), their son, Jack Scully ( Jay Bunyan ), and his girlfriend, Lori Lee ( Michelle Ang ). The family expands with

18832-478: The following morning to collect them. After Des's fiancée called the wedding off, Daphne realised that Des needed a lodger to help him pay the mortgage off and moved in. Des was instantly attracted to Daphne, but he tried to hide his feelings and became awkward around her. Josephine Monroe, author of Neighbours: The First 10 Years , wrote that the local men queued up to date Daphne, but it was Shane Ramsay ( Peter O'Brien ) who first caught her eye and they soon began

19008-401: The guest role of Lorraine Kingham and her short, spiky haircut caught the attention of the casting director, who asked her to do a screen test for Daphne. Smith told Hilary Kingsley, author of Soap Box , "The casting director of Neighbours was looking some outrageous image for Daphne, this stripper – he didn't quite know what, but my haircut was it!" Smith revealed that the idea of playing

19184-490: The hierarchical but more conducive to short trips. Local trips in it are shorter in distance but about equivalent in time with the hierarchical layout. A later similar comparative traffic study of about 830 acres (3.4 km ; 340 ha) concluded that all types of layouts perform adequately in most land-use scenarios and that a refined hierarchical, dendrite network can improve traffic performance. Anecdotal and research evidence suggests that navigation (especially on foot) in

19360-525: The home value. The positive feelings that a cul-de-sac street could evoke, that residents value, are expressed vividly by Allan Jacobs in describing Roslyn Place , a short (250 ft [76 m]), narrow (60 ft [18 m]), densely built (14 du per acre [35 per hectare]), and wood-paved cul-de-sac in the Shadyside neighborhood of Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania: "Step into Roslyn Place and you are likely to sense, immediately, that you are in

19536-444: The home. As part of the serial's final episodes, Terese prepares to leave Erinsborough. However after Terese and Glen break up and her marriage to Paul is rekindled, she shuts down the sale of her house. When Toadie marries Terese, he and his children, Nell Rebecchi (Ayisha Salem-Towner) and Hugo Somers (Tanner Ellis-Anderson) move into Number 22. Toadie later moves out after he and Terese separate. The " fourth wall " of Number 22

19712-479: The house back to Paul to ease her financial troubles. Elle departs for a job and Paul's youngest son, Andrew, returns to Erinsborough and moves in. Donna moves out to live with her husband. Rebecca, Declan and India move out after Rebecca leaves Paul. Sophie Ramsay ( Kaiya Jones ) and her sister, Kate ( Ashleigh Brewer ), move in during 2011 and 2012 respectively. The following year, Andrew and Sophie leave Erinsborough, while Kate and Paul move out. The Number 22 set

19888-533: The house in late 2015. Kyle's friends Chris Pappas (James Mason) and Kate Ramsay ( Ashleigh Brewer ) move in, followed by Sheila's daughter, Naomi Canning ( Morgana O'Reilly ). Kyle's wife, Georgia Brooks ( Saskia Hampele ), later joins the household. After Naomi's departure, Sheila invites Amy Williams ( Zoe Cramond ) and her son, Jimmy (Darcy Tadich), to move in. In early 2016, Sheila's granddaughter, Xanthe Canning (Lily Van der Meer) moves in. Kyle leaves

20064-471: The house to Chloe and her partner, Pierce Greyson ( Tim Robards ), who moves in with his son, Hendrix Greyson (Benny Turland). After Chloe and Pierce break up, Hendrix moves out and Nicolette Stone (Charlotte Chimes) and Jane Harris ( Annie Jones ) move in, until Nicolette runs away. Mackenzie Hargreaves ( Georgie Stone ) and Freya Wozniak (Phoebe Roberts) later move in, before Chloe soon invites Kiri Durant (Gemma Bird Matheson) to move in. As part of

20240-504: The house to an unseen buyer and moves to number 32. Former executive producer of Neighbours Don Battye described the street in 1989: "Let's face it, it's a court, a dead-end street, it doesn't go anywhere. It's very much a community. Frankly, if you – in that one street – had somebody murdered, somebody with AIDS, somebody was an alcoholic, and one of the kids on drugs, you'd end up (with something) as outrageous as Peyton Place ." Peter Conrad of The Guardian commented, "Ramsay Street

20416-596: The house was seen to be more of a share house, always taking in the rejects from the rest of the street. Mark's sister, Serendipity ( Raelee Hill ), moves in, following Annalise's departure. Luke ( Bernard Curry ) and Jen Handley ( Alyce Platt ) move in and Rick moves out. Luke and Serendipity move to Japan and not long after Cody Willis ( Peta Brady ) moves in. Sarah Beaumont ( Nicola Charles ) moves in with her sister, Catherine O'Brien ( Radha Mitchell ), who later leaves for England with Malcolm Kennedy ( Benjamin McNair ). Teacher Lisa Elliott (Kate Straub) moves in for

20592-414: The house when Lou begins going through financial troubles. Valda later sells the house back to Paul. Paul kicks Lou out and moves his girlfriend, Isabelle Hoyland ( Natalie Bassingthwaighte ) in. Paul's daughter, Elle ( Pippa Black ), also moves in and not long after, her brothers, Robert ( Adam Hunter ) and Cameron (also Hunter), move in until Robert is sent to prison and Cameron dies. Isabelle leaves

20768-538: The house with her wife, Cara . In 2021, the real house of Number 30, 3 Pin Oak Court, sold for $ 1.6 million at an auction. The house was sold for $ 200,000 over the expected price, $ 1.4 million. The sale set a new record, following 5 Pin Oak Court's sale two years prior. Number 32 is first seen in 1986 when Nell Mangel ( Vivean Gray ) is introduced, along with her granddaughter, Jane Harris ( Annie Jones ). Mrs Mangel takes in Harold Bishop ( Ian Smith ) as

20944-453: The house, after Guy Sykes ( Fletcher Humphrys ) threatens them with a gun. Steph later has Libby Kennedy , Ty Harper ( Dean Geyer ) and Zeke Kinski stay. In 2010, the new Erinsborough High principal, Michael Williams ( Sandy Winton ), moves in with his daughter, Natasha Williams (Valentina Novakovic). Michael departs in 2012, leaving Natasha alone in the house. The house is later sold to Troy Miller ( Dieter Brummer ). After Troy dies,

21120-405: The house, after which Sadie Rodwell (Emerald Chan) agrees to move in permanently. Number 34 is situated on the corner of Ramsay Street. It is featured in the 8000th episode, broadcast on 21 December 2018, only, when its reclusive owner Valerie Grundy ( Patti Newton ), who has lived there for 34 years, dies in the sitting room. As other Ramsay Street residents enter the house, they discover Val

21296-765: The house, before Levi moves into Number 28 . Number 26 is then bought by Andrew Rodwell (Lloyd Will), Wendy Rodwell (Candice Leask) and Sadie Rodwell (Emerald Chan), however they decide to move on a few months later. During the serial's final episode, the Rodwells decide to stay put after all. Number 28 is first owned by Des Clarke ( Paul Keane ), who bought the house for him and his fiancée, Lorraine Kingham (Antoinette Byron), to live in. Following Des and Lorraine's failed wedding, Des lives with Daphne Lawrence ( Elaine Smith ), who he eventually marries. Mike Young ( Guy Pearce ) moves in when Daphne and Des become his legal guardians, and their son, Jamie Clarke (S.J. Dey)

21472-552: The house, shortly before he dies. His children, Rachel ( Caitlin Stasey ), Zeke ( Matthew Werkmeister ) and Katya Kinski ( Dichen Lachman ) all move into the house. Karl and Susan remarry, and they continue to take in teenagers who need help. Sunny Lee (Hany Lee), a foreign exchange student, stays with the family in 2009. Susan moves out when she and Karl go through a separation, but they later reconcile. Later years see Alex's nephew, Nate Kinski ( Meyne Wyatt ), move in, as well as

21648-544: The house. They foster teenagers Paul McClain ( Jansen Spencer ) and Tad Reeves ( Jonathon Dutton ) until Madge's death in 2001. Harold is joined by his granddaughters, Sky Mangel ( Stephanie McIntosh ) and Serena Bishop ( Lara Sacher ), his son David Bishop ( Kevin Harrington ), and daughter-in-law, Liljana Bishop ( Marcella Russo ). After David and his family die in a plane crash , Marco Silvani ( Jesse Rosenfeld ) and Carmella Cammeniti ( Natalie Blair ) rent

21824-434: The invitation to move into the house. Later in the year, Leo faces financial difficulties and plans to sell the house back to Aaron, who is mourning David's death. The house is ultimately sold to next door neighbour Vera Punt (Sally-Anne Upton), who attempts to take advantage of her position. In late 2024, following Mackenzie and Haz's departure, Vera sells number 34 and moves in. Vera soon moves Max Ramsay (Ben Jackson) into

22000-465: The landscape of existing districts. Conversely, transforming existing streets that are part of a grid plan into permeable, linked cul-de-sacs, as was done in Berkeley, California , and Vancouver, British Columbia , is physically and administratively easy due to the public ownership of the street right-of-way. However, residents on adjacent through roads may resent the potential traffic increase and delay

22176-507: The last remaining character from the original cast, was forced to quit Neighbours due to ill health. Her character, Helen, dies in the Number 26 living room. Philip's new partner, Ruth Wilkinson (Ailsa Piper), and her children, Lance Wilkinson ( Andrew Bibby ) and Anne Wilkinson ( Brooke Satchwell ), move in. In 1999, the Martin family were written out of Neighbours and Philip, Ruth and Hannah depart together. The Martins are replaced by

22352-554: The lease to the local coffee shop. She used her position to help customers with their problems and gained the trust of many of the teenage characters, particularly Mike Young ( Guy Pearce ). Daphne's marriage to Des Clarke ( Paul Keane ) was central to many of her storylines. After a brief relationship with Shane Ramsay ( Peter O'Brien ) and two engagements, Daphne married Des in July 1986. She gave birth to their son, Jamie (S.J. Dey), in July 1987. That same year, Smith announced her departure from Neighbours . Not wanting to kill off

22528-402: The length of car trips by the circuitous geometry of the dendrite network structure of which it is a part. Research studies examined the influence of several variables on the amount of car travel that residents of several types of districts recorded. Results vary considerably among them, but there is general agreement on a number of key correlations: a) the wealthier and the larger the family is,

22704-533: The more cars they own, and the more they drive, b) the farther away a family lives from the city centre, and the fewer the jobs in the vicinity, plus a slow bus service, the more they drive, and c) street patterns may add a 10% length to local trips, but the total VKTs are affected more by the "macro" urban than the "micro" neighbourhood structure. Cul-de-sacs, especially those that also limit pedestrian routes instead of only road-traffic routes, have also been criticised for negative effects on safety because they decrease

22880-517: The mortgage. Daphne becomes good friends with Des and she begins dating Shane. Daphne falls in love with Des and after breaking up with Shane, she proposes to him and he accepts. On the day of their wedding, Daphne's car is hijacked by a bank robber dressed in a gorilla suit and she is late to the church. Des assumes that Daphne has changed her mind and he leaves. After failing to sort out what happened, Daphne moves out, while Des's ex-girlfriend, Andrea Townsend (Gina Gaigalas), turns up and claims that Des

23056-667: The nursery and she is knocked off a ladder by Mike's pet Labrador, Bouncer , and suffers amnesia. Mrs. Mangel threatens to sue and Des decides to settle out of court, so that Daphne does not become stressed. But when Daphne learns what Des has done, she is angry with him for keeping it from her. During a picnic, Daphne goes into labour and Beverly Marshall (Lisa Armytage) delivers her son, Jamie. Daphne briefly suffers from postnatal depression following Jamie's birth. During Jamie's christening, Daphne's mother, Tina, turns up. She and Daphne sit down and talk through their problems and part on speaking terms. Shortly after, Daphne learns that her father

23232-598: The open grid street pattern. Cul-de-sacs reduce perceived danger from traffic, thereby encouraging more outdoor play. Similar studies in Europe and Australia found that children's outdoor play is significantly reduced on through roads where traffic is, or perceived by parents to be, a risk. In addition, they confirmed the results of the seminal Donald Appleyard 1982 study, which showed the negative correlation between amount of traffic and social networks. The inverse correlation between amounts of traffic and sociability of streets

23408-416: The outcome as, for example, in cities that are landlocked or that have low average incomes. Another concern is often voiced by emergency services, which can have difficulty locating streets when a community consists of a large number of similarly named cul-de-sacs; also, large fire response vehicles, in particular, can have great difficulty with turning around in a cul-de-sac. However, confusing street naming

23584-402: The outcome of an energy imbalance. Many contemporary lifestyle trends, some inevitable (sedentary work) and some avoidable (frequent energy-rich food consumption or the watching of television [four hours per day]), contribute to the imbalance and must be considered in understanding and combating obesity . The impermeability deficiency of the typical cul-de-sac street can be addressed by applying

23760-710: The power of lending development funds. In Canada , a variation of Stein's Radburn 1929 plan that used crescents (loops) instead of cul-de-sacs was built in 1947: Wildwood Park, Winnipeg , designed by Hubert Bird. In 1954, the Central Mortgage and Housing Corporation published its own guidelines in which the cul-de-sac was strongly recommended for local streets and, as the FHA in the US, used its lending power to see its inclusion in development plans. Varsity Village and Braeside, subdivisions in Calgary , Alberta , also used

23936-455: The process. In Berkeley, the barriers used were permeable to both pedestrian and bicycle traffic and became the backbone of the bicycle boulevard system in that region. Increases in pedestrian and bicycle permeability may result in a displacement of local car trips for short-distance destinations and consequently a reduction in neighbourhood vehicle emissions. The impermeable cul-de-sac not only discourages walking and biking but also increases

24112-476: The property. Afterwards, Harold gives the house to the Salvation Army. Donna Freedman 's ( Margot Robbie ) mother, Cassandra Freedman ( Tottie Goldsmith ), and half-siblings, Simon Freedman (Mauricio Merino Jr) and Tegan Freedman (Chelsea Jones), are the first family to move in at the start of 2009. A locket belonging to Anne Robinson is found underneath the house, as part of a storyline reintroducing

24288-474: The rear of houses that are now heated by electricity, piped natural gas or oil. The use of cul-de-sacs reduces the amount of car traffic on residential streets within the subdivision, thus reducing noise, air pollution, and the probability of accidents. Ben-Joseph (1995), and Lovegrove and Sayed (2006), indicate a substantially lower collision rate for street networks based on the cul-de-sac street type. Dumbaugh and Rae (2009) suggest that land-use patterns play

24464-437: The rebound and they eventually ended their engagement. Following advice and encouragement from his mother, Eileen ( Myra De Groot ), and friend, Clive (Geoff Paine), Des tried to "woo Daphne back." In June 1986, Stephen Cook from TV Week announced that Daphne would accept a proposal from either Des or Shane, which would definitely result in her getting married. Smith told Cook "I don't know whether Daphne actually needs

24640-494: The regular cast and move into the house. The set underwent a makeover, and Gooneratne helped decorate the living area with some of her personal family photos. She stated, "Although I'm officially at work, having photos of my parents and grandparents taken when they lived in Sri Lanka makes it feel more like home." Mark Brennan ( Scott McGregor ) rents the house, and eventually buys it. Paige Smith ( Olympia Valance ) takes over

24816-399: The research evidence by TRB, however, shows only an association between the built environment and physical activity levels, not causal connections. The evidence also does not identify with certainty which characteristics of the built environment are most closely associated with physical activity behaviour. The study also warns against confusing inadequate physical activity with obesity which is

24992-497: The residents allowed Neighbours to shoot external scenes in their front and back gardens. Back yard scenes were moved to bespoke sets from 2013. Pin Oak Court has become popular with tourists, with tours to the cul-de-sac running throughout the year. The interior scenes have been filmed at Network Ten's Global Television studios in Nunawading , except for the 1985 series, which was filmed at the studios of Flinders Productions from

25168-429: The residents signed up when they were told that the show would likely last a couple of years, and they would receive payment in return for allowing filming to take place outside their houses. As of 2019, FremantleMedia continues to pay homeowners a fee each year for allowing them to film the properties. A full-time security guard is also employed. Pin Oak Court has become popular with viewers and there are regular tours to

25344-535: The return of their grandson, Ben Kirk ( Felix Mallard ) and Susan's niece, Elly (now played by Jodi Anasta ). Elly's sister Bea Nilsson ( Bonnie Anderson ) joins the family in 2018, before reformed criminal Finn Kelly ( Rob Mills ) is housed with the family the following year. Later in 2019, the Kennedys take in Hendrix Greyson ( Benny Turland ) temporarily, as Aster Conway (Isla Goulas/Scout Bowman)

25520-455: The road network. This design feature reflects the predominance of pedestrian movement for local trips at the turn of the 20th century, and presages the current planning priority for increased pedestrian accessibility. The 1906 Act defined the nature of the cul-de-sac as a non-through road and restricted its length to 500 feet (150 m). Garden cities in the UK that followed Hampstead, such as Welwyn Garden City , all included cul-de-sacs. In

25696-478: The role no longer offered her variety and she did not want to stay to be bored, but comfortable. As Daphne was one of Neighbours' most popular characters, the producers chose not to kill her off. Instead Daphne's father, Allen Lawrence ( Neil Fitzpatrick ), re-enters her life and admits that he is dying. Realising that she only has a short time to make her peace with him, Daphne takes Jamie with her to nurse Allen. Viewers were not satisfied with this ending for

25872-410: The role, but she joined the cast of another television series. When Smith came in to audition for a guest part, her appearance, particularly her short haircut, caught the attention of the casting director, who had been looking for an "outrageous image" for the character of Daphne. Smith won the role and she made her on-screen debut in the soap's first episode, which was broadcast on 18 March 1985. Daphne

26048-854: The serial in 1992, Lou takes in a number of lodgers, including Beth Brennan ( Natalie Imbruglia ) and Cameron Hudson ( Benjamin Grant Mitchell ), and Annalise Hartman ( Kimberley Davies ). Marlene Kratz ( Moya O'Sullivan ) buys the house and moves in with her grandson, Sam Kratz ( Richard Grieve ). They take in Cody Willis ( Peta Brady ) as a lodger when her parents move away. Annalise and her sister, Joanna Hartman ( Emma Harrison ), also move in. Cheryl Stark ( Caroline Gillmer ) and her daughter, Louise Carpenter ( Jiordan Tolli ), move in and are later joined by Cheryl's son, Darren Stark ( Todd MacDonald ), who stay until Cheryl's death. Harold returns and reunites with Madge, leading them to buy

26224-510: The serial's final episodes. When Paul decides to stay in Erinsborough, everyone in Number 32 decides to remain as well. When the show was rebooted, Leo had bought number 32 and it had again become a sharehouse after Byron Stone (Xavier Molyneux), Mackenzie Hargreaves ( Georgie Stone ), Haz Devkar ( Shiv Palekar ) and his dog Trevor (Bodhi) move in. They later offer Krista Sinclair (Majella Davis) their spare bedroom, and she accepts

26400-576: The serial's finale, Chloe put the house up for sale. Shane Ramsay buys the house again on behalf of Maria, though when his business plans fall through, Mike Young ( Guy Pearce ) takes over the sale and later, off-screen, moves in with Jane and his daughter, Sam Young (Henrietta Graham). Number 26 was occupied by Jim Robinson ( Alan Dale ), his mother-in-law Helen Daniels ( Anne Haddy ) and his four children, Paul ( Stefan Dennis ), Julie ( Vikki Blanche ), Scott ( Darius Perkins ) and Lucy Robinson (Kylie Flinker) when Neighbours began in 1985. As

26576-485: The show returned. Neighbours creator Reg Watson was sure that the neighbourhood setting was a good idea for a serial drama, following his work on daytime soap opera Until Tomorrow , which was set in a suburban street. He stated, "I wanted to show three families living in a small street in a Melbourne suburb who are friends." Location scouts found the quiet cul-de-sac of Pin Oak Court in Vermont South . All of

26752-422: The spare room following her introduction. Mark is later joined by his siblings, Tyler ( Travis Burns ), Aaron (Matt Wilson) and Chloe Brennan ( April Rose Pengilly ). Aaron's husband, David Tanaka ( Takaya Honda ), moves in with the family, before they both purchase Number 32. Elly Conway ( Jodi Anasta ) briefly moves in when she becomes engaged and later married to Mark. Following Mark's departure, he rents

26928-507: The street in 2006 and Paul invites Lyn Scully ( Janet Andrewartha ) to move in, after Lyn is forced to sell her own house. Lyn leaves Erinsborough for Shelley Bay following her and Paul's brief marriage. Elle discovers that Paul has deceived her and was involved in her break-up with Dylan Timmins ( Damien Bodie ), so she devised a plan to trick Paul into signing all his assets over to her. Elle takes in Ned Parker ( Daniel O'Connor ) as

27104-417: The street nearly changed to Ramsbottom Street. Harold Bishop ( Ian Smith ) led a protest against it and won. Pin Oak Court, in Vermont South (at 37°51′31″S 145°10′19″E  /  37.858747°S 145.171943°E  / -37.858747; 145.171943 ), is the real cul-de-sac that doubled for Ramsay Street for the entirety of Neighbours' run. All of the houses featured in the show are real and

27280-688: The street to reunite with Georgia, before the amnesiac Jack Callahan ( Andrew Morley ) moves into the spare room for a short while. Following his release from prison, Gary Canning ( Damien Richardson ) moves in until his death in 2020, after which Kyle moves back in. Sheila adopts Gary the pigeon , believing it was a reincarnation of her son, as well as Prue the pigeon the following year. Kyle's cousin, Constable Levi Canning (Richie Morris), moves in after he transfers to Erinsborough. Roxy Willis (Zima Anderson) moves in after she and Kyle marry. Three months later, Kyle and Roxy depart Erinsborough. Sheila leaves for Los Angeles to be with Naomi and decides to sell

27456-402: The street would be named after. Only six houses on the street are featured on a regular basis; numbers 22 to 32 . Number 34 was featured for the only time in 2018. The cul-de-sac is at the end of a long street and the rest of the houses are on the other side of the main road which bisects it. The street behind Ramsay Street is named Mirrabooka Drive. A storyline within the show saw the name of

27632-429: The street, d) cul-de-sacs or grids, and e) the permeability of a residential area. Among its conclusions are, respectively, that a) flats are always safer than houses and the wealth of inhabitants matters, b) density is generally beneficial but more so at ground level, c) local movement is beneficial but larger-scale movement not so, d) relative affluence and the number of neighbours has a greater effect than either being on

27808-504: The traditional "confusing" street networks. Cul-de-sac and loop streets can reduce the size of any given neighbourhood to a single street. Neighbourhoods can be defined by geographic boundaries but more often it is shared ethnic, socioeconomic and cultural characteristics that produce social cohesion irrespective of apparent physical "boundaries". Mehaffy et al. (2010), who propose a model for structuring an urban network, suggest that neighbourhoods cannot be designed into being. "Community"

27984-412: The traffic performance in a 700-acre (2.8 km ; 280 ha) development that was laid out using two approaches, one with and the other without hierarchy or cul-de-sac streets. It concluded that the non-hierarchical, traditional layout generally shows lower peak speed and shorter, more frequent intersection delays than the hierarchical pattern. The traditional pattern is not as conducive to long trips as

28160-481: The use of looped local roads which do not abruptly stop. Although dead end streets would fit his definition of looped local roads, Alexander suggestions that "cul-de-sacs [sic] are very bad from a social standpoint—they force interaction and they feel claustrophobic, because there is only one entrance". Doxiadis has additionally argued their important role in separating man from machine. Originally-unplanned dead ends have been added in city centers that are laid out on

28336-410: The way home from her father's funeral. She is rushed to the hospital where she lapses into a coma. Smith spent her last two days of filming in a hospital bed with bandages around her head. Off-screen, representatives from the serial's production company tried to persuade Smith to sign a new contract, but she refused. Daphne briefly regains consciousness to say "I love you Clarkey" to Des, before becoming

28512-543: The years, including Toadfish Rebecchi ( Ryan Moloney ) and Joel Samuels ( Daniel MacPherson ), as well as family members Darcy Tyler ( Mark Raffety ) and Elly Conway (Kendell Nunn). Other lodgers have included Lori Lee ( Michelle Ang ), Taj Coppin ( Jaime Robbie Reyne ), Sindi Watts ( Marisa Warrington ) and Stingray Timmins ( Ben Nicholas ). Karl and Susan's dog, Audrey (Audrey), moves into Number 28 and lives there until her death 10 years later. Susan marries her second husband, Alex Kinski ( Andrew Clarke ), in

28688-500: Was "one of Neighbours' best storylines." The couple's wedding gained a lot of attention in the UK and Terry Wogan even discussed the episode with Rolf Harris on his talk show the day after it aired. A Herald Sun reporter included Daphne and Des' wedding and Daphne's death in their "Neighbours' 30 most memorable moments" feature. Tim Teeman and James Jackson from The Times named Daphne's death as one of their top 15 most memorable Neighbours moments. They commented "Like,

28864-412: Was a hoarder and has acquired a variety of items from characters who lived on the street over the years. The following month, Val's sister Vera Punt (Sally-Anne Upton) was introduced. She initially comes to retrieve her sister's dog Regina Grundy (Timba), but later moves into the property. Vera continues to make appearances over the next few years, including in the final episode. In late 2024, Vera sells

29040-409: Was a woman in charge of her own life, which helped her to become the serial's first "sweetheart." Smith told Kingsley that her favourite aspects of Daphne's personality were her confidence and stubborn streak. Smith also commented that Daphne wore "zanier clothes" than she did and was more outgoing. The fact that she embodied a "no-nonsense approach" to life and was not embarrassed by her profession as

29216-535: Was about to give birth. Smith did not immediately comment, while producer Phil East said she had "renegotiated her contract." Smith later told Nicola Murphy and David Brown from the publication that she actually made the decision to leave Neighbours in September, as there were a lot of things she wanted to do. She asked to be written out, as she felt that while Daphne had been "a bit of a challenge at first", she felt trapped by her persona. Smith also believed that

29392-1054: Was first shown in 2022 as a part of set revamps Neighbours undertook for the new year. Number 24 was one of the three original houses featured in Ramsay Street and was associated with the Ramsay family when the show began. Max Ramsay ( Francis Bell ), his wife Maria Ramsay ( Dasha Blahova ) and their two sons Shane Ramsay ( Peter O'Brien ) and Danny Ramsay (David Clencie) are the first family to live there. After their departures, Max's sister, Madge Mitchell ( Anne Charleston ), her children Charlene Mitchell ( Kylie Minogue ) and Henry Ramsay ( Craig McLachlan ), and Max and Madge's brother, Tom Ramsay ( Gary Files ), all live there. Charlene and Madge's husbands, Scott Robinson ( Jason Donovan ) and Harold Bishop ( Ian Smith ), move in after their respective weddings. Madge and Harold take in Brenda Riley ( Genevieve Lemon ) and her nephew, Guy Carpenter (Andrew Williams), and later Lou Carpenter ( Tom Oliver ). After Madge's departure from

29568-730: Was given a makeover in time for the arrival of the Willis family, who move in shortly after their arrival on-screen in May 2013. After two years in Canada, Piper Willis (Mavournee Hazel) moves in, just as her parents' relationship falls apart. In 2015, Brad Willis ( Kip Gamblin ) moves out to live at Number 32. He later returns temporarily to care for an injured Terese. In 2016, Paul briefly returns to live at Number 22 after moving out of his penthouse apartment in Lassiter's. Josh Willis ( Harley Bonner )

29744-402: Was gutsy where he was shy, wore bright clothes where he wore grey, was outrageous where he was introverted and was capable when he was useless." —Author Josephine Monroe on Daphne and Des. The first episode of Neighbours saw Daphne hired to strip at Des Clarke 's ( Paul Keane ) bucks party . When the night was interrupted by a neighbour, Daphne left some belongings behind and returned

29920-647: Was in the United Kingdom that the cul-de-sac street type was first legislated into use, with the Hampstead Garden Suburb Act 1906. The proponents of the Act, Raymond Unwin and Barry Parker, thus gained permission to introduce cul-de-sacs in their subsequent site plans, and they promoted it as a suitable street type for garden suburbs. Unwin's applications of the cul-de-sac and the related crescent always included pedestrian paths independent of

30096-406: Was not privy to the details of Daphne's final storyline because she had yet to see the scripts. According to Keane in a later interview, Smith requested to return in a dialogue-free capacity after learning that a body double had been hired for Daphne's death. While being interviewed two days after "intense and emotional filming", Smith explained that Daphne is critically injured during a car crash on

30272-418: Was portrayed as a smart, confident and independent woman from a good background. She sported a short haircut and bright clothing, which made her stand out from the other female characters on television at the time. Daphne was not embarrassed by her profession as a stripper and her "no-nonsense approach" to life made her an immediate favourite with the viewers. Daphne gave up stripping when her grandfather gave her

30448-832: Was reconfirmed by a newer study that repeated Appleyard's San Francisco analysis in Bristol, UK. It showed that the cul-de-sac street with the lowest traffic of the three streets had the highest level of social interaction. The studies recommend the use of the cul-de-sac or strong traffic calming measures. When cul-de-sacs are interconnected with foot and bike paths, as for example in Vauban, Freiburg and Village Homes in Davis, California , they can increase active modes of mobility among their residents. Real estate developers prefer cul-de-sacs because they allow builders to fit more houses into oddly-shaped tracts of land and facilitate building to

30624-431: Was that her in the bed or an actress with a Daphne wig? The romance of Des and Daphne (Mr Ordinary and the ex-stripper) was an early Neighbours classic so we felt this one hard". A Herald Sun reporter also included Daphne's death in their list of top ten Neighbours moments. The reporter wrote that Daphne was a popular character during the serial's peak in 1988 and called Des "her soulmate". They added that her death

30800-460: Was the only woman he ever loved and thought that he was more suited to her than Des. Keane commented that despite being engaged five times and stood up once by Daphne, Des had always loved her. He added "It was love at first sight for Des." Cook later revealed that it was Des who would propose to and marry Daphne. The wedding episodes were broadcast in July and Cook quipped that from the moment Daphne moved into Ramsay Street , there had always been

30976-461: Was watched by millions of viewers in Australia and the UK. Sarah Megginson from SheKnows placed Daphne's death at number three in her feature on the eight most memorable Neighbours moments. She called the relationship between Daphne and Des "one of the series' classic romances." She added "The couple were the first to tie the knot on the show, so when Daphne was fatally hit by a car, Des – and

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