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105-507: The Koenigsegg Regera is a limited production, plug-in hybrid grand touring sports car manufactured by Swedish automotive manufacturer Koenigsegg . It was unveiled at the March 2015 Geneva Motor Show . The name Regera is a Swedish verb, meaning "to reign" or "to rule". Koenigsegg produced 85 Regeras, most of which were sold upon unveiling. The Regera was developed and designed to be a more practical, luxurious, grand touring alternative to

210-473: A drag coefficient of C d =0.278. The front splitter and side winglets are removed and the front louvers are smoother with the rear wheels featuring removable covers for high speed stability. The vehicle is also slightly elongated featuring a rear extension which adds 85 mm (3 in) of additional length. The engine and transmission remain the same as the Jesko Attack. 3,000 hours were spent on

315-502: A series hybrid is propelled by electric motors only, a parallel hybrid is propelled both by its internal combustion engine and by electric motors operating concurrently, and a series-parallel hybrid operates in either mode. While a plain hybrid vehicle charges its battery from its engine only, a plug-in hybrid can obtain a significant amount of the energy required to recharge its battery from external sources. These contain two different energy recovery systems. The Mercedes-AMG ONE

420-687: A 5.0-inch screen mounted behind the steering wheel displaying vital information to the driver. The seats will be made from hollow carbon fibre but will be electrically adjustable. The Jesko shares Koenigsegg's 'Autoskin' capabilities from the Regera, allowing for remote operation of doors and the hood. It is also possible to hydraulically lift the front and rear axles of the car to give additional ground clearance. The doors have been redesigned so that they open further outward and have more ground clearance while open. The roof has screws in order to ensure it remains in place during high speed driving. Production of

525-406: A bore and stroke of 92 mm × 95.25 mm (3.62 by 3.75 inches) and a compression ratio of 9.3:1. The engine utilizes dry sump lubrication and dual overhead camshafts , and has a cylinder bank angle of 90º. It is rated at 820 kW (1,100 hp; 1,115 PS) at 7,800 rpm and 1,280 N⋅m (944 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,100 rpm on 95 octane RON gasoline. A flex fuel sensor

630-399: A car driven by factory test driver Sonny Persson. During the record attempt, the car accelerated from 0–400 km/h in 22.87 seconds over a distance of 1,613.2 m (5,292.7 ft) and decelerated to a controlled stop in 8.62 seconds over a distance of 435.26 m (1,428.0 ft). The total distance used for the record was 2,048.46 m (6,720.7 ft). The run was conducted over

735-536: A combination of runway and taxiway due to insufficient track length and as a safety precaution. On 16 June 2023, the Regera again broke the 0–400–0 km/h acceleration record with an improved time of 28.81 seconds. The new record attempt came one month after the Regera's first record was broken by the Rimac Nevera , which achieved a time of 29.93 seconds. The record was set at Örebro Airport by Koenigsegg development driver Markus Lundh, who cited improvements in

840-416: A fossil plant in which case they displace greenhouse gas emissions from the car tailpipe exhaust to the power station . As opposed to conventional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), PHEVs generally have a larger battery pack that can be recharged (theoretically) from anywhere with access to the electrical grid , offering enhanced energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness when compared to relying solely on

945-483: A gear. Gears are selected by the driver either using the shift paddles mounted on the steering column or the gear selector. Unlike its predecessors, the high-downforce Attack variant of the Jesko has Koenigsegg's 'Triplex' dampers at the front and the rear combined with traditional Öhlins dampers. A horizontal rear damper prevents the rear from pressing on the ground during hard acceleration. The front dampers stabilise

1050-406: A hybrid solution. By removing the traditional 7-speed dual-clutch transmission and switching to a single-gear direct-drive system, Koenigsegg mitigated the added weight of the three electric motors and a 4.5 kW·h battery pack installed in the Regera as compared to the previous Agera models. The single-gear electrical solution also provided the instant response that von Koenigsegg sought, while

1155-607: A low-capacity PHEV sized with an AER (all-electric range) of about 7 miles would be a robust choice for minimizing gasoline consumption, cost, and greenhouse gas emissions. For less frequent charging, every 20–100 miles, PHEVs release fewer GHGs, but HEVs are more cost effective." PHEVs typically require deeper battery charging and discharging cycles than conventional hybrids. Because the number of full cycles influences battery life, this may be less than in traditional HEVs, which do not deplete their batteries as fully. Nonetheless, some authors argue that PHEVs will soon become standard in

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1260-667: A new hybrid system, dubbed e-Power, which debuted with the Nissan Gripz concept crossover showcased at the 2015 Frankfurt Auto Show . In January 2016, Chrysler debuted its plug-in hybrid minivan, the Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid , with an EPA rated electric-only range of 48 km (30 miles). This was the first hybrid minivan of any type. It was first sold in the United States, Canada, and Mexico in 2017. In December 2017, Honda began retail deliveries of

1365-615: A plug-in Jeep Wrangler and a Chrysler Town and Country mini-van, both PHEV-40s with series powertrains, and an all-electric Dodge sports car, and said that one of the three vehicles would go into production. On October 3, the U.S. enacted the Energy Improvement and Extension Act of 2008 . The legislation provided tax credits for the purchase of plug-in electric vehicles of battery capacity over 4 kilowatt-hours. The federal tax credits were extended and modified by

1470-526: A power output of 1,600 hp (1,622 PS; 1,193 kW) and 1,500 N⋅m (1,106 lb⋅ft) of torque at 5,100 rpm on E85 biofuel . Changes from the Agera's engine include the use of a new 180-degree flat-plane crankshaft that saves 5 kg (11 lb) and increases the redline from 8,250 rpm to 8,500 rpm. The Jesko also utilises active rubber mounts from the Regera that reduce engine vibrations in

1575-410: A redesigned monocoque improves leg and headroom in the interior of the Jesko when compared to previous Koenigsegg models. Though weight saving is a priority for interior features, the car is still equipped with amenities such as a climate control system, an infotainment system with a 9.0-inch screen, Apple CarPlay and USB phone charging. The car has unique screens mounted in the steering wheel spokes and

1680-430: A stand still in 2.8 seconds, 200 km/h (124 mph) in 6.6 seconds, 300 km/h (186 mph) in 10.9 seconds and attaining a speed of 400 km/h (249 mph) in 20 seconds. Koenigsegg also claims that the acceleration from 150–250 km/h (93–155 mph) requires 3.9 seconds. The Regera has a power-to-weight ratio of 0.7 kW (0.94 hp) per kilogram, and the combined ICE and electric motors produce

1785-554: A standard outlet and recharged to 95% range in about 4 hours. After selling about 500 vehicles, primarily in France, Norway and the UK, the Elect'road was redesigned in 2007. With the availability of hybrid vehicles and the rising gas prices in the United States starting around 2002, interest in plug-in hybrids increased. Some plug-in hybrids were conversions of existing hybrids; for example,

1890-487: Is a development of the 5.1 L (5,065 cc) twin-turbocharged V8 engine used in the Agera . It has four valves per cylinder each with a bore and stroke of 92 mm × 95.25 mm (3.62 by 3.75 inches) and a compression ratio of 8.6:1. The engine has a power output of 1,280 hp (1,298 PS; 954 kW) at 7,800 rpm and 1,000 N⋅m (738 lb⋅ft) of torque at 2,700 to 6,170 rpm on normal petrol and has

1995-468: Is a limited production mid-engine sports car produced by the Swedish automobile manufacturer Koenigsegg . The car was introduced at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show and was completely sold out before the show ended. Succeeding the Agera , the Jesko is named as a tribute to the company founder's father, Jesko von Koenigsegg. There are two variations of the car, the "Absolut" and the "Attack". The engine

2100-501: Is a plug-in dual hybrid . The Mercedes-Benz C-Class (W206) and the Mercedes C254/X254 also have an electrically assisted turbocharger / MGU-H . The battery charger can be on-board or external to the vehicle. The process for an on-board charger is best explained as AC power being converted into DC power, resulting in the battery being charged. On-board chargers are limited in capacity by their weight and size, and by

2205-478: Is an asked-for alternative to an earlier mandate to produce 25,000 pure zero-emissions vehicles , reducing that requirement to 5,000. On June 26, Volkswagen announced that they would be introducing production plug-ins based on the Golf compact. Volkswagen uses the term 'TwinDrive' to denote a PHEV. In September, Mazda was reported to be planning PHEVs. On September 23, Chrysler announced that they had prototyped

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2310-428: Is automatically overridden (charge permitting) should full acceleration be required. Self Charge ; the electric motor's armature is engaged to the transmission, but is connected to the battery so that it runs as a generator and therefore recharges the battery whilst the car is in motion, although this comes at the expense of higher fuel consumption, as the combustion engine has to both power the vehicle itself and charge

2415-421: Is built with a 800 cc (49 cu in) TDI twin-cylinder, common-rail 35 kW (47 hp) turbo-diesel and a 20 kW (27 hp) electric motor. The model is unique in that it is one of the only mass produced plug-in diesel hybrid vehicles and one of the only mass produced diesel hybrid vehicles in general. PHEVs are based on the same three basic powertrain architectures of conventional hybrids;

2520-416: Is exhausted. The vehicle can revert to a charge sustaining-mode until the final destination is reached. This contrasts with a charge-depleting trip that would be driven within the limits of a PHEV's all-electric range. Most PHEV's also have two additional charge sustaining modes: Battery Hold ; the electric motor is locked out and the vehicle operates exclusively on combustion power, so that whatever charge

2625-456: Is expensive, and cells made with it can release oxygen if overcharged. If the cobalt is replaced with iron phosphates , the cells will not burn or release oxygen under any charge. At early 2007 gasoline and electricity prices, the break-even point is reached after six to ten years of operation. The payback period may be longer for plug-in hybrids, because of their larger, more expensive batteries. Koenigsegg Jesko The Koenigsegg Jesko

2730-421: Is installed in the fuel tank to detect E85 biofuel , which increases the power output to 1,100 kW (1,500 hp). The ICE is rev-limited at 8,250 rpm. The ICE works in conjunction with three YASA electric motors with a total capacity of 520 kW (707 PS; 697 hp) and 900 N⋅m (664 lb⋅ft) of torque. One 160 kW (215 hp; 218 PS) YASA 400 Motor Generator Unit mounted on

2835-407: Is left in the battery remains for when mixed mode or full electric operation are re-engaged, whilst regenerative braking will still be available to boost the battery charge. On some PHEVs, vehicle services that use the traction battery (such as heating and air conditioning) are placed in a low power consumption mode to further conserve the remaining battery charge. The lock-out of the electric motor

2940-431: Is mated to an in-house developed 9-speed multi-clutch transmission called the "Light Speed Transmission (LST)" by the manufacturer. The new transmission has a weight of 90 kg (198 lb) and it is at least 50% shorter in length than the previous 7-speed dual-clutch unit. It has 9 forward gear combinations using a layout with an input shaft with 3 fixed gears which is mated to a secondary shaft with 3 gears fixed to

3045-442: Is the vehicle's all-electric range. This is the only mode that a battery electric vehicle can operate in, hence their limited range. Mixed mode describes a trip using a combination of multiple modes. For example, a car may begin a trip in low speed charge-depleting mode, then enter onto a freeway and operate in blended mode. The driver might exit the freeway and drive without the internal combustion engine until all-electric range

3150-555: Is to provide a visible indicator of the transfer of technology from BMW i to the BMW core brand. The new designation will be used first on the plug-in hybrid variants of the new BMW 7 Series , the BMW 740e iPerformance , and the 3 Series , the BMW 330e iPerformance . Hyundai Motor Company made the official debut of its three model Hyundai Ioniq line-up at the 2016 Geneva Motor Show . The Ioniq family of electric drive vehicles includes

3255-560: The 2019 Geneva Motor Show , comes equipped with the dual front and rear 'Triplex' damper system and added aerodynamic features for track use. Due to this dual suspension setup, it is not possible to store the Targa roof in the front of the car, although this is possible in the Absolut as it will not have a front 'Triplex' damper system or front hood air dam. In July 2021, Koenigsegg revealed the first pre-series production Jesko and claimed that

Koenigsegg Regera - Misplaced Pages Continue

3360-542: The American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009 , but now the battery capacity must be over 5 kWh and the credit phases out after the automaker has sold at least 200,000 vehicles in the U.S. On December 15, 2008, BYD Auto began selling its F3DM in China , becoming the first production plug-in hybrid sold in the world, though initially was available only for corporate and government customers. Sales to

3465-646: The General Motors XP-883 plug-in hybrid. The concept commuter vehicle housed six 12-volt lead–acid batteries in the trunk area and a transverse-mounted DC electric motor turning a front-wheel drive. The car could be plugged into a standard North American 120 volt AC outlet for recharging. In 2003, Renault began selling the Elect'road , a plug-in series hybrid version of their popular Kangoo , in Europe. In addition to its engine, it could be plugged into

3570-583: The Honda Clarity Plug-In Hybrid in the United States and Canada, with an EPA rated electric-only range of 76 km (47 miles). In 2013, Volkswagen started production on the Volkswagen XL1 , a two-person limited production diesel-powered plug-in hybrid vehicle designed to be able to travel 100 km/L (280 mpg ‑imp ; 235 mpg ‑US ) on diesel, while still being both roadworthy and practical. The model

3675-556: The Ioniq Plug-in , which is expected to achieve a fuel economy of 125 mpg‑e (27 kW⋅h/100 mi; 16.8 kW⋅h/100 km) in all-electric mode. The Ioniq Plug-in is scheduled to be released in the U.S. in the fourth quarter of 2017. The second generation Prius plug-in hybrid, called Prius Prime in the U.S. and Prius PHV in Japan, was unveiled at the 2016 New York International Auto Show . Retail deliveries of

3780-417: The variable-geometry turbocharger in the engine. This manufacturing technique allowed Koenigsegg to better tune airflow through the turbochargers and achieve a more complex inner housing shape which was impossible with conventional methods. The Regera was used by NVIDIA to introduce Project Holodeck, a virtual reality environment capable of importing and manipulating high-detail 3D models. This technology

3885-479: The 100,000 unit milestone in October 2015. By the end of 2015, over 517,000 highway legal plug-in hybrid electric cars have been sold worldwide since December 2008 out of total global sales of more than 1.25 million light-duty plug-in electric cars. In February 2016, BMW announced the introduction of the "iPerformance" model designation, which will be given to all BMW plug-in hybrid vehicles from July 2016. The aim

3990-456: The 2004 CalCars conversion of a Prius to add lead acid batteries and a range of up to 15 km (9 mi) using only electric power. In 2006, both Toyota and General Motors announced plans for plug-in hybrids. GM's Saturn Vue project was cancelled, but the Toyota plug-in was certified for road use in Japan in 2007. In 2007, Quantum Technologies and Fisker Coachbuild , LLC announced

4095-699: The Gotland Ring in 2:56.97, beating the former record set by a Porsche 911 GT3 RS Manthey-Racing edition by nearly seven seconds. The car also lapped the Laguna Seca in 1:24.86. Unveiled online alongside the Gemera on 3 March 2020, the Jesko Absolut is a high speed version of the Jesko. The rear wing on the Jesko Attack is replaced by two rear fins which enable a reduction in downforce from 1,400 kg (3,086 lb) to 150 kg (331 lb) and

4200-415: The Jesko will be limited to 125 units, with 40–50 units being produced each year. Unlike its predecessors, the Jesko will be homologated worldwide. It was announced in March 2019 that all the build slots of the Jesko were sold out. The Jesko will be offered in either a high-downforce Attack or low-drag Absolut configuration, with subtle differences between the two variants. The Attack variant, as shown at

4305-528: The LST and uses the rotating mass of the transmission components in place of a traditional flywheel. The transmission has a shift time ranging from 20 to 30 milliseconds. It also has an overdrive mode called "Ultimate Power on Demand" that is designed to skip directly to the optimal gear depending on user input, rather than down or upshifting sequentially to that gear. The transmission is controlled by an onboard computer which uses engine and road speed data to engage

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4410-705: The Prime runs entirely on electricity in EV mode. Global sales of the Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV passed the 100,000 unit milestone in March 2016. BYD Qin sales in China reached the 50,000 unit milestone in April 2016, becoming the fourth plug-in hybrid to pass that mark. In June 2016, Nissan announced it will introduce a compact range extender car in Japan before March 2017. The series plug-in hybrid will use

4515-563: The Prius Prime began in the U.S. in November 2016, and is scheduled to be released Japan by the end of 2016. The Prime has an EPA-rated all-electric range of 25 mi (40 km), over twice the range of the first generation model, and an EPA rated fuel economy of 133 mpg‑e (25.3 kW⋅h/100 mi) in all-electric mode (EV mode), the highest MPGe rating in EV mode of any vehicle rated by EPA. Unlike its predecessor,

4620-529: The Regera allow for Koenigsegg to send over-the-air firmware and software updates to each car as necessary. This allows for the remote modification of parameters such as the power band of the electric motors or throttle response without the need for physical work on the car. The Regera has active engine mounts for the ICE and transmission to rest on. The engine mounts are designed to stay soft at lower speeds, significantly reducing vibrations and engine noise, adding to

4725-418: The Regera features a steering-wheel-mounted paddle that simulates a traditional downshift by initiating slip of the hydraulic coupling connecting the crankshaft to the output shaft. This results in higher RPM of the ICE and the crankshaft mounted electric motor and therefore higher power at lower speeds than what would have been possible if the coupling would have been locked at all times. Koenigsegg reported that

4830-581: The Regera have been generally positive, with most descriptions of the driving experience being centered around the unique feel of the Direct-Drive system. Automobile magazine writes that driving the Regera is "a new sensation, perhaps a combination of the feel you get from electric cars like the Model S , which also has no conventional gearbox, and a combustion-engine vehicle with a continuously variable transmission". Top Gear writes that at low speeds,

4935-409: The Regera is equipped with active aerodynamics for optimized downforce. At the rear is a foldable hydraulic wing, and at the front are active flaps that can modify the flow of air under the car. The manufacturer claims that the stock aerodynamic system is capable of generating 450 kg (990 lb) of downforce at 250 km/h (155 mph). Before the 2018 Geneva Motor Show , Koenigsegg revealed

5040-467: The Regera is the first "fully-robotized" car. All openings and wing mirrors are fitted with proximity sensors to safeguard against the doors striking nearby objects (curb, low roof, etc.) while opening or closing. The vehicle features hydraulic pumps and accumulators to control the active front and rear wings, as well as active chassis control and lifting. Hydraulic lifters were added to the already existing pumps and accumulators to allow for all body panels on

5145-432: The Regera makes use of several power nodes to connect wiring throughout the car compared to the single power node of previous models, which saves weight. Koenigsegg uses 3D printing technologies to manufacture many parts of the Regera. This includes static components like details in the interior of the car under the upholstery and the large electrical exhaust port at the rear of the car, as well as dynamic components like

5250-467: The Tesla, remarking that the instantaneous response of the motors was something even a Formula One car could not attain with a traditional internal combustion engine . Von Koenigsegg sought to combine this desirable aspect of electric powertrains with the traditional Koenigsegg experience of a lightweight, powerful sports car. Realizing some form of compromise was necessary, von Koenigsegg decided to look to

5355-487: The U.S. and Canada in October 2015. In March 2015 Audi said they planned on making a plug-in hybrid version of every model series, and that they expect plug-in hybrids, together with natural gas vehicles and battery-electric drive systems, to have a key contribution in achieving the company's CO 2 targets. The Audi Q7 e-tron will follow the A3 e-tron already in the market. Also in March 2015, Mercedes-Benz announced that

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5460-676: The U.S. in 2014. The first units of the Audi A3 Sportback e-tron and Volkswagen Golf GTE were registered in Germany in August 2014. In December 2014 BMW announced the group is planning to offer plug-in hybrid versions of all its core-brand models using eDrive technology developed for its BMW i brand plug-in vehicles ( BMW i3 and BMW i8). The goal of the company is to use plug-in technology to continue offering high performance vehicles while reducing CO 2 emissions below 100g/km. At

5565-540: The added flexibility of reverting to the use of its gasoline / diesel engine , akin to a conventional HEV if the battery charge is depleted. This feature helps alleviate range anxiety , particularly in areas lacking sufficient charging infrastructure . Mass-produced PHEVs have been available to the public in China and the United States since 2010, with the introduction of the Chevrolet Volt , which

5670-426: The aerodynamic analysis while an additional 5,000 hours were spent design and engineering work of the Absolut. The Absolut will be priced higher than the Jesko due to the development work taken to lower the drag coefficient. The Jesko Absolut is estimated by the manufacturer to have a top speed of 500 km/h (310 mph), with theoretical speeds as high as 531–563 km/h (330–350 mph). On 26 June 2024,

5775-427: The automobile industry. Design issues and trade-offs against battery life, capacity, heat dissipation, weight, costs, and safety need to be solved. Advanced battery technology is under development, promising greater energy densities by both mass and volume, and battery life expectancy is expected to increase. The cathodes of some early 2007 lithium-ion batteries are made from lithium-cobalt metal oxide. This material

5880-616: The battery pack is the most power-dense battery pack ever created for a production car. Under braking, the kinetic energy recovery system in the Regera can regenerate up to 150 kW of power to recharge the battery during operation. Christian von Koenigsegg invented the Koenigsegg Direct-Drive System (KDD), and it was developed for the Regera by the Koenigsegg Advanced Engineering Team. The KDD system effectively eliminates

5985-490: The battery. This is useful for 'charging on the move' when there are limited places to plug the vehicle in. The optimum battery size varies depending on whether the aim is to reduce fuel consumption, running costs, or emissions, but a 2009 study concluded that "The best choice of PHEV battery capacity depends critically on the distance that the vehicle will be driven between charges. Our results suggest that for urban driving conditions and frequent charges every 10 miles or less,

6090-418: The cabin. The two large turbochargers are equipped with a 20-litre air tank made from carbon fibre, coupled with an electric compressor which feeds pressurised air to the turbochargers at a pressure of 20 bar (290 psi) in order to reduce turbo lag. The engine has pressure sensors for each cylinder in order to achieve real time cylinder monitoring for the multipoint fuel injection system. The engine

6195-480: The car at high speeds while active rear wheel steering ensures further stability at all performance levels. The carbon body tub used in the Jesko is 40 mm (2 in) longer and 22 mm (1 in) wider from that of its predecessor in order for more passenger room. The tub has been redesigned and incorporates an aluminium monocoque structure for increased rigidity. The car comes standard with forged aluminium centre lock wheels , with diameters of 20 inches at

6300-566: The car, and are designed to handle any practical power capability, they can be used to create a very powerful form of on-board charger with no significant additional weight or size. AC Propulsion uses this charging method, referred to as "reductive charging". A plug-in hybrid operates in charge-depleting and charge-sustaining modes. Combinations of these two modes are termed blended mode or mixed-mode. These vehicles can be designed to drive for an extended range in all-electric mode , either at low speeds only or at all speeds. These modes manage

6405-489: The company's ' grand touring ' oriented offer in their two-car lineup, the Regera focuses more on interior luxury and daily usability instead of hardcore track performance like the Jesko . The Regera has a reported total power output of 1,340 kW (1,797 hp; 1,822 PS) through a hybrid powertrain. As in general, the Regera's internal combustion engine (ICE) generates its greatest power only at high rpm; however, due to

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6510-663: The company's main emphasis regarding alternative drives in the next years will be on plug-in hybrids. The carmaker plans to introduce 10 new plug-in hybrid models by 2017, and its next release was the Mercedes-Benz C 350 e , Mercedes' second plug-in hybrid after the S 500 Plug-In Hybrid . Other plug-in hybrid released in 2015 are the BYD Tang , Volkswagen Passat GTE , Volvo XC90 T8 , and the Hyundai Sonata PHEV . Global combined Volt/Ampera family sales passed

6615-432: The crankshaft acts as starter and generator and supplies torque fill; and two 180 kW (241 hp; 244 PS) YASA 750 wheel-shaft mounted electric motors drive each rear wheel and provide torque vectoring and manages traction. The electric motors are powered by a 4.5 kWh, 800 volt, 75 kg liquid cooled battery pack developed by Rimac Automobili , making it the first 800-volt production car. Koenigsegg claims that

6720-493: The customer. The Regera's design has received acclaim from reviewers, with Top Gear remarking "there's real beauty in its long tail and taut curves". Global Car Brands praised the car for differing from the common trend of hyper-aggressive fronts, instead going for a "happy looking face". In particular, reviewers commend the car for its remarkable exterior paint jobs, which are described in separate reviews as being "sensational", "absolutely stunning", and "gloriously wonderful". On

6825-721: The first SUV plug-in hybrid in the market. Deliveries of the Ford Fusion Energi began in February 2013. BYD Auto stopped production of its BYD F3DM due to low sales, and its successor, the BYD Qin , began sales in Costa Rica in November 2013, with sales in other countries in Latin America scheduled to begin in 2014. Qin deliveries began in China in mid December 2013. Deliveries to retail customers of

6930-559: The first flexible-fuel plug-in hybrid SUV , which was delivered in June 2008. This demonstration fleet of plug-ins has been in field testing with utility company fleets in the U.S. and Canada, and during the first two years since the program began, the fleet has logged more than 75,000 miles. In August 2009 Ford delivered the first Escape Plug-in equipped with intelligent vehicle-to-grid (V2G) communications and control system technology, and Ford plans to equip all 21 plug-in hybrid Escapes with

7035-501: The first Jesko customer cars are slated for delivery in spring 2022. The first car was delivered in June 2023. The Jesko Attack is the high-downforce, default version of the Jesko. This variant has a large rear-wing and a large carbon fiber front splitter that Koenigsegg claims to generate 800 kg (1,764 lb) of downforce at 249 km/h (155 mph), 1,000 kg (2,205 lb) at 275 km/h (171 mph) and 1,400 kg (3,086 lb) at its top speed. This car lapped

7140-445: The fixed gear, this corresponds to very high speeds. Power at low speeds is filled in by the electric motors, giving a maximum combined mechanical power output of 1,119 kW (1,500 hp; 1,521 PS) and 2,000 N⋅m (1,475 lb⋅ft) of torque. The Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) is a mid-rear mounted, in-house developed, twin-turbocharged V8 engine with a 5.0-litre displacement. It has four valves per cylinder, each with

7245-592: The front and 21 inches at the rear. Lighter carbon fibre wheels are available as an option, weighing 5.9 kg (13 lb) at the front and 7.7 kg (17 lb) at the rear. The tyres are Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2's with codes of 265/35 20 for the front and 345/30 21 for the rear. Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 R tyres dedicated for track driving are also available as an option. The braking system uses ventilated carbon-ceramic discs. The use of

7350-468: The front and 345/30 ZR 20 (106Y) for the rear. The car comes with track focused Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 tyres when equipped with the Ghost package. The brakes are ventilated carbon-ceramic discs, with a diameter of 397 mm (15.6 in) and six-piston calipers at the front along with a diameter of 380 mm (15.0 in) and four-piston calipers at the rear. Like its other production counterparts,

7455-649: The general public began in Shenzhen in March 2010, but because the F3DM nearly doubles the price of cars that run on conventional fuel, BYD expects subsidies from the local government to make the plug-in affordable to personal buyers. Toyota tested 600 pre-production Prius Plug-ins in Europe and North America in 2009 and 2010. Volvo Cars built two demonstration versions of Volvo V70 Plug-in Hybrids in 2009 but did not proceed with production. The V60 plug-in hybrid

7560-498: The global stock of PHEVs totalled 2.4 million units, representing one-third of the stock of plug-in electric passenger cars on the world's roads. As of December 2019 , China had the world's largest stock of PHEVs with 767,900 units, followed by the United States with 567,740, and the United Kingdom with 159,910. A plug-in hybrid's all-electric range is designated by PHEV- [miles] or PHEV [kilometers] km in which

7665-602: The highest combined peak power and torque output of any other production hybrid car. On 23 September 2019, the Regera broke the 0–400–0 km/h (0–249–0 mph) acceleration record for a production car with a time of 31.49 seconds. This is 1.8 seconds faster than the previous record, also held by Koenigsegg but set by the Agera RS . The record was set in Råda Military Airfield in Lidköping , Sweden with

7770-569: The initial unveiling of the car in Geneva. A number of special editions of the Regera have been built on customer request. These special editions usually involve custom paint jobs or carbon fibre work, special interior materials, and optional aerodynamics packages. Such special editions include: Plug-in hybrid Similar to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrids can use centralized generators of renewable energy (e.g. solar , wind or hydroelectric ) to be largely emission-free, or

7875-556: The inside, Automobile magazine compliments the "well-designed" and "wildly special" interior of the car, but remarks that it may be topped by the opulence of the Bugatti Chiron , a direct competitor to the Regera. Koenigsegg originally planned to build 80 Regeras, making it the largest single-vehicle production run from the company at the time of its unveiling, though ultimately 85 Regera were built. All sold out on 13 June 2017 to customers and dealerships, just over two years after

7980-620: The launch of a joint venture in Fisker Automotive . Fisker intended to build a US$ 80,000 luxury PHEV-50, the Fisker Karma , initially scheduled for late 2009. In 2007, Aptera Motors announced their Typ-1 two seater. That company folded in December 2011. In 2007, Chinese car manufacturer BYD Auto, owned by China's largest mobile phone battery maker, announced it would be introducing a production PHEV-60 sedan in China in

8085-486: The limited capacity of general-purpose AC outlets. Dedicated off-board chargers can be as large and powerful as the user can afford, but require returning to the charger; high-speed chargers may be shared by multiple vehicles. Using the electric motor's inverter allows the motor windings to act as the transformer coils, and the existing high-power inverter as the AC-to-DC charger. As these components are already required on

8190-550: The limited edition McLaren P1 supercar began in the UK in October 2013, and the Porsche Panamera S E-Hybrid began deliveries in the U.S. in November 2013. The first retail deliveries of the Cadillac ELR took place in the U.S. in December 2013. The BMW i8 and the limited edition Volkswagen XL1 were released to retail customers in Germany in June 2014. The Porsche 918 Spyder was also released in Europe and

8295-444: The luxury effect of the vehicle. While driving more aggressively or at higher speeds, the engine mounts will firm up, giving greater lateral response to the driver. The day-time running lamps on the Regera were designed to resemble a constellation, with the carbon-fibre background resembling the night sky. In addition, the headlamps can actively vent out condensation through two small fans installed in each lamp. Koenigsegg claims that

8400-443: The need for a transmission and allows for pure EV (electric vehicle) mode. The Regera does not have a traditional multi-gear transmission but instead features a single-speed fixed-gear transmission, often called a direct-drive , with a 2.73:1 reduction ratio, meaning the crankshaft mounted on the ICE will rotate 2.73 times for every 1 time that the output shaft of the direct-drive mechanism will rotate. At speeds below 30 mph,

8505-400: The noise and drive of the Regera feels like "a lazy American V8 muscle car ", but that at higher speeds, the car is "instantly alert" and "corners flat and tenaciously". Minor criticisms of the driving experience include the electric motor activation delay and the "slight CVT feel" upon sudden acceleration. However, each car's transmission feel and power delivery can be tuned to the request of

8610-787: The number represents the distance the vehicle can travel on battery power alone. For example, a PHEV-20 can travel 32 km (20 miles) without using its combustion engine, so it may also be designated as a PHEV32km. For these cars to be battery operated, they go through charging processes that use different currents. These currents are known as Alternating Current (AC) used for on board chargers and Direct Current (DC) used for external charging. Other popular terms sometimes used for plug-in hybrids are "grid-connected hybrids", "Gas-Optional Hybrid Electric Vehicle" (GO-HEV) or simply "gas-optional hybrids". GM calls its Chevrolet Volt series plug-in hybrid an "Extended-Range Electric Vehicle". The Lohner–Porsche Mixte Hybrid , produced as early as 1899,

8715-483: The omission of a gearbox and addition of electric motors and battery only added 88 kg (194 lb) compared to what the Regera would have weighed with the same combustion engine but a 7-speed dual-clutch transmission (DCT) and no electric motors or batteries. The Regera features a similar suspension layout to the preceding Agera models, with double wishbone suspension at the front and rear axles. The wishbones are manufactured from chrome-molybdenum steel tubes, which

8820-441: The on-board generator. Additionally, PHEVs can support longer and more frequent all-electric range driving, and their electric motors often have higher power output and torque , are more responsive in acceleration, and overall have lower operating costs . Although a PHEV's battery pack is smaller than that of all-electric vehicles of the same weight, as it must accommodate its combustion engine and hybrid drivetrain , it provides

8925-481: The onboard internal combustion engine would then maintain the rapid acceleration and power at higher speeds where the electric motors are less effective. The Regera was designed with a combination of the CATIA software suite and Autodesk Inventor , with AutoCAD Electrical being primarily used to redesign the vehicle's electrical systems from past Koenigsegg models. According to Koenigsegg Technical Director Jon Gunner,

9030-416: The optional 'Ghost' package for the Regera. This package extends the front splitter and the side sills, adds canards to the front fenders, and adds fixed winglets to the rear quarter panels. Koenigsegg claims that, with the Ghost package installed, the downforce of the Regera is "increased by more than 20 percent". The Regera includes added insulation to help add to the luxury by reducing cabin noise caused by

9135-403: The output shaft and 3 clutched gears mated to the input shaft and an output shaft with 4 clutched gears (one set is used for reverse which mates directly to the input shaft), allowing the transmission to change gears without an interruption in power delivery due to the speedy nature of clutch actuation and overlap between the clutches opening and closing. The engine's crankshaft is mated directly to

9240-674: The range to more than 500 kilometres (310 mi). GM officially launched the Chevrolet Volt in the U.S. on November 30, 2010, and retail deliveries began in December 2010. Its sibling the Opel/Vauxhall Ampera was launched in Europe between late 2011 and early 2012. The first deliveries of the Fisker Karma took place in July 2011, and deliveries to retail customers began in November 2011. The Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid

9345-470: The rest of Koenigsegg's lightweight sports car lineup: initially the Agera and later the Jesko . Consequently it is focused on the smooth and instant delivery of power provided by its overhauled powertrain, rather than on-track performance. The introduction of the Regera alongside the Agera RS in 2015 resulted in Koenigsegg for the first time simultaneously having two models in production. This role

9450-689: The second half of 2008. BYD exhibited it in January 2008 at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit. Based on BYD's midsize F6 sedan, it uses lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 )-based batteries instead of lithium-ion, and can be recharged to 70% of capacity in 10 minutes. In 2007 Ford delivered the first Ford Escape Plug-in Hybrid of a fleet of 20 demonstration PHEVs to Southern California Edison . As part of this demonstration program Ford also developed

9555-401: The time of the announcement the carmaker was already testing a BMW 3 Series plug-in hybrid prototype. The first model available for retail sales will be the 2016 BMW X5 eDrive , with the production version unveiled at the 2015 Shanghai Motor Show . The second generation Chevrolet Volt was unveiled at the January 2015 North American International Auto Show , and retail deliveries began in

9660-557: The top wishbones in the front of the car, this mounting position could not be achieved in the rear. Therefore, the purpose of the third 'Triplex' rear damper is to provide anti-squat forces under hard acceleration. The Regera has aluminium wheels or carbon fibre wheels (optional) with diameters of 480 millimetres (19 in) at the front and 510 millimetres (20 in) at the rear with center-lock wheel nuts . The tyres are Michelin Pilot Sport 4S' with codes of 275/35 ZR 19 (100Y) for

9765-457: The track surface and the new Michelin Cup 2 R tyres as reasons for the faster run. Over the new record run, the car accelerated from 0–400 km/h in 20.68 seconds over a distance of 1,483 m (4,865.5 ft) and decelerated to a controlled stop in 8.13 seconds over a distance of 422 m (1,384.5 ft). The total distance used for the record was 1,905 m (6,250.0 ft). Reviews of

9870-449: The vehicle to be remotely operated. The Regera uses a fishtail-style dual exhaust system designed by Akrapovič constructed of titanium, Inconel, and stainless steel. The large central exhaust pipe under the charging port is not used to vent exhaust from the ICE, rather, it expels hot air from the cooling system for the batteries and electronics in the car. Koenigsegg states it is capable of accelerating to 100 km/h (62 mph) from

9975-467: The vehicle's battery discharge strategy, and their use has a direct effect on the size and type of battery required: Charge-depleting mode allows a fully charged PHEV to operate exclusively (or depending on the vehicle, almost exclusively, except during hard acceleration) on electric power until its battery state of charge is depleted to a predetermined level, at which time the vehicle's internal combustion engine or fuel cell will be engaged . This period

10080-637: The vehicle-to-grid communications technology. Sales of the Escape PHEV were scheduled for 2012. On January 14, 2008, Toyota announced they would start sales of lithium-ion battery PHEVs by 2010, but later in the year Toyota indicated they would be offered to commercial fleets in 2009. On March 27, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) modified their regulations, requiring automobile manufacturers to produce 58,000 plug-in hybrids during 2012 through 2014. This requirement

10185-514: The wheel shaft electric motors mostly propel the car through the use of a hydraulic coupling that lets the ICE and the crankshaft mounted electric motor slip. In reverse, only the wheel shaft electric motors propel the car. Above 30 mph, the RPM of the crankshaft mounted electric motor and internal combustion engine are proportional to wheel speed through locking of the hydraulic coupling. However, Christian von Koenigsegg described and demonstrated how

10290-507: The wind and powertrain along with 8-way electrically adjustable memory foam seats included as an added luxury item over previous models. The Regera also includes many new technical features such as a Neonode 9-inch infrared infotainment system, a complete camera system with recording capabilities (front, inner, and rear), Apple CarPlay , a new sound system, ambient lighting, and 4G and Wi-Fi connectivity. It also features front and rear parking sensors . The wireless connectivity capabilities of

10395-499: Was chosen over carbon-fibre due to the significant cost and complexity of the latter option. The suspension incorporates special Z-shaped anti-roll bars that connect to the body at only one point (as opposed to two for traditional U-shaped bars). Also returning from the Agera models is Koenigsegg's 'Triplex' damper system, which consists of three custom Öhlins shock absorbers on the rear suspension subsystem. While anti-dive forces under heavy braking are achieved by obliquely mounting

10500-464: Was passed from the Agera to the Jesko in 2019, which briefly shared the production line with the Regera when Jesko production began in late 2021. Koenigsegg founder Christian von Koenigsegg purchased a Tesla Model S P85+ in 2013 and was impressed by the car's ability to instantly deliver power without the need for a downshift or to wait out turbo lag . He was especially impressed with the direct and intuitive experience provided by an electric car like

10605-462: Was released in 2011 and was available for sale. In October 2010 Lotus Engineering unveiled the Lotus CityCar , a plug-in series hybrid concept car designed for flex-fuel operation on ethanol , or methanol as well as regular gasoline. The lithium battery pack provides an all-electric range of 60 kilometres (37 mi), and the 1.2-liter flex-fuel engine kicks in to allow to extend

10710-704: Was released in Japan in January 2012, followed by the United States in February 2012. Deliveries of the Prius PHV in Europe began in late June 2012. The Ford C-Max Energi was released in the U.S. in October 2012, the Volvo V60 Plug-in Hybrid in Sweden by late 2012. The Honda Accord Plug-in Hybrid was released in selected U.S. markets in January 2013, and the Mitsubishi Outlander P-HEV in Japan in January 2013, becoming

10815-536: Was the best selling PHEV until it was surpassed by the Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV at the Volt's end of production in 2019. By 2021, BYD Auto emerged as the largest plug-in hybrid vehicle manufacturer in the world. As of May 2024 , BYD plug-in hybrid cumulative sales surpassed 3.6 million units. The BYD Song DM line of SUVs contributed over 1.05 million units. As of December 2019 ,

10920-458: Was the first hybrid electric car. Early hybrids could be charged from an external source before operation. The term "plug-in hybrid" has come to mean a hybrid vehicle that can be charged from a standard electrical wall socket. The term "plug-in hybrid electric vehicle" was coined by UC Davis Professor Andrew Frank , who has been called the "father of the modern plug-in hybrid". The July 1969 issue of Popular Science featured an article on

11025-469: Was used by Koenigsegg engineers to collaborate on design ideas in real-time and could allow customers to experience their custom made vehicle in VR before it is purchased or built. The Regera is a two-door targa top with a detachable roof that can be stowed in the boot . It is the first hybrid car to be produced by Koenigsegg, as well as the first vehicle to use their Direct-Drive System for power delivery. As

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