69-536: Mimaropa (officially stylized in all caps ), officially the Southwestern Tagalog Region ( Filipino : Rehiyong Timog-Kanlurang Tagalog ), is an administrative region in the Philippines . The name is an acronym combination of its constituent provinces : Mindoro (divided into Occidental Mindoro and Oriental Mindoro ), Marinduque , Romblon , and Palawan . It is the only region in
138-689: A commonly preferred alternative to all caps text is the use of small caps to emphasise key names or acronyms (for example, Text in Small Caps ), or the use of italics or (more rarely) bold . In addition, if all caps must be used it is customary to slightly widen the spacing between the letters, by around 10 per cent of the point height. This practice is known as tracking or letterspacing. Some digital fonts contain alternative spacing metrics for this purpose. Messages completely in capital letters are often equated on social media to shouting and other impolite or argumentative behaviors. This became
207-483: A computer program shouting at its user. Information technology journalist Lee Hutchinson described Microsoft's using the practice as "LITERALLY TERRIBLE ... [it] doesn't so much violate OS X's design conventions as it does take them out behind the shed, pour gasoline on them, and set them on fire." In programming, writing in all caps (possibly with underscores replacing spaces ) is an identifier naming convention in many programming languages that symbolizes that
276-495: A delicate scanning of characters (from a damaged image that needs further contextual text correction). Depending on the typeface , these similarities accidentally create various duplicates (even quite briefly and without realizing it when reading). E.g. H/A, F/E or I/T by adding a bar; P/R, O/Q, even C/G from similar errors; V/U, D/O, even B/S while rounding the shape; and more deformations implying mixings. Adding digits in all caps styled texts may multiply these confusions, which
345-399: A mainstream interpretation with the advent of networked computers, from the 1980s onward. However, a similar interpretation was already evidenced by written sources that predated the computing era, in some cases by at least a century, and the textual display of shouting or emphasis was still not a settled matter by 1984. The following sources may be relevant to the history of all caps: Before
414-646: A review. On July 17, 2016, Republic Act No. 10879 formally established the Southwestern Tagalog Region to be known as Mimaropa, discontinuing the Region IV-B designation; however, no boundary changes were involved. Calapan is Mimaropa's regional center while the highly-urbanized city of Puerto Princesa is the most populous in the region. However, most regional government offices such as the Department of Public Works and Highways and
483-532: A slowed speed is possible – but in principle too many factors of low legibility are involved." Other critics are of the opinion that all caps letters in text are often "too tightly packed against each other". Besides the aforementioned speed of reading, all caps is can be prone to character -based ambiguities. Namely, the upper-case letters are globally simpler than their lower-case counterpart. For example, they lack ascenders and descenders . Since they are built from fewer positional and building elements (e.g.
552-416: A smaller grid pertaining to minimalist digital fonts), they are more fragile to small changes. These variations, generally involuntary but sometimes induced on purpose, are caused by a misinterpretation (the information is transferred) or by a deterioration (the data is lost, in the analysis wording). They can occur horizontally and/or vertically, while misreading (without this extra effort or time), or during
621-663: A term is conspicuous, we look at more than formatting. A term that appears in capitals can still be inconspicuous if it is hidden on the back of a contract in small type. Terms that are in capitals but also appear in hard-to-read type may flunk the conspicuousness test. A sentence in capitals, buried deep within a long paragraph in capitals will probably not be deemed conspicuous...it is entirely possible for text to be conspicuous without being in capitals. Certain musicians—such as Marina , Finneas , who are both known mononymously, and MF DOOM —as well as some bands such as Haim and Kiss —have their names stylised in all caps. Additionally, it
690-419: Is a highly urbanized city pursuant to Presidential Proclamation No. 1264 ; figures are excluded from Palawan. All caps In typography , text or font in all caps (short for " all capitals ") contains capital letters without any lowercase letters. For example: THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG. All-caps text can be seen in legal documents, advertisements , newspaper headlines , and
759-403: Is an "apparent consensus" that lower-case text is more legible, but that some editors continue to use all caps in text regardless. In his studies of all caps in headlines , he states that, "Editors who favor capitals claim that they give greater emphasis. Those who prefer lower case claim their preferences gives greater legibility." Wheildon, who informs us that "When a person reads a line of type,
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#1732772080673828-785: Is appointed by the president of the Philippines from a list of nominees submitted by a Special Committee and endorsed by the PSA Board Chairperson, is the head of the PSA and has a rank equivalent to an Undersecretary. Aside from directing and supervising the general administration of the PSA, the National Statistician provides overall direction in the implementation of the Civil Registry Law and related issuances and exercise technical supervision over
897-615: Is common for bands with vowelless names (a process colourfully known as " disemvoweling ") to use all caps, with prominent examples including STRFKR , MSTRKRFT , PWR BTTM , SBTRKT , JPNSGRLS (now known as Hotel Mira), BLK JKS , MNDR , and DWNTWN . Miles Tinker , renowned for his landmark work, Legibility of Print , performed scientific studies on the legibility and readability of all-capital print. His findings were as follows: All-capital print greatly retards speed of reading in comparison with lower-case type. Also, most readers judge all capitals to be less legible. Faster reading of
966-435: Is less legible and readable than lower-case text. In addition, switching to all caps may make text appear hectoring and obnoxious for cultural reasons, since all-capitals is often used in transcribed speech to indicate that the speaker is shouting. All-caps text is common in comic books, as well as on older teleprinter and radio transmission systems, which often do not indicate letter case at all. In professional documents,
1035-543: Is one aim of Leet (intentional pseudo duplicates) and can provide simple means of concealing messages (often numbers). Philippine Statistics Authority The Philippine Statistics Authority ( Filipino : Pangasiwaan ng Estadistika ng Pilipinas ; PSA ) is the central statistical authority of the Philippine government that collects, compiles, analyzes, and publishes statistical information on economic, social, demographic, political affairs, and general affairs of
1104-496: Is the government's central identification platform for all citizens and resident aliens of the Philippines. An individual's record in the PhilSys shall be considered as an official and sufficient proof of identity. It was established through Republic Act No. 11055, which was signed into law by President Rodrigo Duterte on August 6, 2018. PhilSys aims to eliminate the need to present other forms of identification when transacting with
1173-576: Is the highest policymaking body on statistical matters, and offices on sectoral statistics, censuses and technical coordination, civil registration and central support and field statistical services. It is headed by the Secretary of Socioeconomic Planning and Director-General of NEDA as chairperson, with the Secretary (or the duly designated Undersecretary) of the Department of Budget and Management (DBM) as vice-chairperson. Its members are composed of
1242-566: The ASCII table , so can display both alphabets, but all caps only. Mikrosha is switchable to KOI-7N1, in this mode, it can display both caps and lower-case, but in Cyrillic only. Other Soviet computers, such as BK0010 , MK 85 , Corvette and Agat-9 , use 8-bit encoding called KOI-8R, they can display both Cyrillic and Latin in caps and lower-case. Many, but not all NES games use all caps because of tile graphics, where charset and tiles share
1311-460: The Department of Budget and Management are in Quezon City , Metro Manila , because Quezon City was the regional capital of Southern Tagalog. Mimaropa, together with Calabarzon , were officially created with the partitioning of Southern Tagalog (Region IV) into the two regions on May 17, 2002, with the issuance of Executive Order No. 103 by then-President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo ; for
1380-573: The 1990s, more than three-quarters of newspapers in the western world used lower-case letters in headline text. Discussion regarding the use of all caps for headlines centers on the greater emphasis offered by all caps versus the greater legibility offered by lower-case letters. Colin Wheildon conducted a scientific study with 224 readers who analyzed various headline styles and concluded that "Headlines set in capital letters are significantly less legible than those set in lower case." All caps typography
1449-452: The 5 and 10-minute time limits, and 13.9 percent for the whole 20-minute period". Tinker concluded that, "Obviously, all-capital printing slows reading to a marked degree in comparison with Roman lower case." Tinker provides the following explanations for why all capital printing is more difficult to read: Text in all capitals covers about 35 percent more printing surface than the same material set in lower case. This would tend to increase
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#17327720806731518-819: The Bathala Cave, Balanacan Bay, and Tres Reyes Islands in the province of Marinduque; White Island in Mindoro; Fort San Andres, Mount Guiting-Guiting , and Bonbon Beach in Romblon; and the Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park and El Nido Marine Reserve Park in Palawan. Mimaropa comprises 5 provinces , 1 highly urbanized city ( Puerto Princesa ), 1 component city ( Calapan ), 71 municipalities and 1,460 barangays . † Puerto Princesa
1587-980: The Board consist of Undersecretaries of the remaining Departments as well as the Deputy Governor of the BSP, the Secretary General of the NSCB, the Administrator of the NSO, the executive director of the SRTC the Governor or City Mayor nominated by the League of Governors and City Mayors and a representative from the private sector who is elected by the Board. The National Statistics Office (NSO) (formerly known as
1656-757: The Bureau of Census and Statistics) was the Philippine government 's major statistical agency responsible for collecting, compiling, classifying, producing, publishing, and disseminating general-purpose statistics. The NSO also had the responsibility of carrying out and administering the provision of the Civil Registry Law including the archiving of birth, death, and marriage servicing requests for copies and certifications based on these documents as provided for in Act No. 3753 dated February 1931. The organization assumed its responsibilities when Commonwealth Act (C.A.) No. 591
1725-478: The Department of Economic Statistics of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP). The Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) was a successor organization to the Bureau of Agricultural Economics (BAECON) and was established on January 30, 1987, by virtue of Executive Order No. 116. It absorbed the Bureau of Fisheries Statistics, and was placed within the Department of Agriculture (DA). It served as
1794-476: The IRR. The Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS), which was established by Republic Act 11315 and was signed into law by President Rodrigo Duterte on April 17, 2019, is an organized technology-based system of collecting, processing and validating necessary disaggregated data that may be used for planning, program implementation and impact monitoring at the local level which serves as basis in targeting households in
1863-491: The Labor Statistics Service and the creation of the Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics (BLES) as one of the six bureaus of the department. It served as the statistical arm of the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), BLES ensured the quality of data being generated by all agencies within the department. Its mandate was to "develop and prescribe uniform standards, nomenclatures and methodologies for
1932-786: The National Statistical Coordinating Board of the Philippines continued to list Palawan province as part of the Mimaropa region. On July 17, 2016, Republic Act No. 10879 formally established the Southwestern Tagalog Region to be known as the Mimaropa Region. This involved no boundary changes but was in effect merely a renaming and discontinuation of the "Region IV-B" designation. The native languages of Mimaropa are: Poverty Incidence of Mimaropa Source: Philippine Statistics Authority In 2007, Mimaropa's economy surged by 9.4%, making it
2001-1044: The PhilSys shall be limited to the following: The PhilID can be used in all transactions requiring proof or verification of citizens or resident aliens' identity, such as, but not limited to the following: application for eligibility and access to social welfare and benefits granted by the government; application for services and benefits offered by GSIS, SSS, PhilHealth, HDMF, and other government agencies; applications for passports and driver's license; tax-related transactions; registration and voting identification purposes; admission to any government hospital, health center or similar institution; all other government transactions; application for admission in schools, colleges, learning institutions, and universities, whether public or private; application and transaction for employment purposes; opening of bank accounts and other transactions with banks and other financial institutions; verification of cardholder's criminal records and clearances; such other transactions, uses or purposes, as may be defined in
2070-429: The abeyance of Executive Order 429 pending the approval of an implementation plan for the orderly transfer of Palawan from Mimaropa to Region VI. The 2010 Philippine Census of Population reported the region's name as "Mimaropa" and included Palawan as part of the region. As of 2014, it is not clear whether the transfer of Palawan to Western Visayas is still considered pending by the Philippine government. As of 2014,
2139-440: The activities of those departments, corporations, and their subsidiaries; Promote and develop integrated social and economic statistics and coordinate plans for the integration of those statistics, including the national accounts; Develop and maintain appropriate frameworks and standards for the collection, processing, analysis, and dissemination of data; Coordinate with government departments and local government units (LGUs) on
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2208-557: The civil registrars as Civil Registrar General . The current National Statistician and Civil Registrar General (NSCRG) is Usec. Dennis Mapa , Ph.D. as appointed by President Rodrigo Duterte in May 2019. Recognizing the need to further enhance the efficiency of the statistical system and improve the timeliness and accuracy of statistics for planning and decision making, the Philippine Statistical System (PSS)
2277-448: The collection, processing, presentation, and analysis of labor and employment data". The National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB) was created by virtue of Executive Order No. 121 as the highest policy-making and coordinating body on statistical matters in the country. Its major goal was to promote the independence, objectivity, integrity, responsiveness, and relevance of the Philippine Statistical System (PSS) . It aimed to achieve
2346-544: The community using an accelerated poverty profiling system in the data collection, processing, mapping and analysis of data. Regular and synchronized data collection is to be conducted by every city and municipality every three years. The PSA is the lead agency in its implementation. The PSA shall primarily be responsible for the implementation of the objectives and provisions of R.A. 10625. It shall plan, develop, prescribe, disseminate and enforce policies, rules and regulations and coordinate government-wide programs governing
2415-507: The country outside the Visayas that has no land border with another region. The region was part of the now-defunct Southern Tagalog region until May 17, 2002. On May 23, 2005, Palawan and the highly urbanized city of Puerto Princesa were moved to the region of Western Visayas by Executive Order No. 429. However, on August 19, 2005, President Arroyo issued Administrative Order No. 129 to put in abeyance Executive Order No. 429 pending
2484-462: The development of lower-case letters in the 8th century, texts in the Latin alphabet were written in a single case, which is now considered to be capital letters. Text in all caps is not widely used in body copy . The main exception to this is the so-called fine print in legal documents. Capital letters have been widely used in printed headlines from the early days of newspapers until the 1950s. In
2553-616: The development of an orderly statistical system capable of providing timely, accurate and useful data for the planning, programming, and evaluation needs of all sectors of the Philippine economy. The executive board was headed by the Director-General of the NEDA or his/her designated representative as chairman and assisted by the Undersecretary of the Department of Budget and Management (DBM) as vice-chairman. Other members of
2622-467: The development of the statistical activities and programs of the government; Prepare, in consultation with the PSA Board, a Philippine Statistical Development Program (PSDP); Implement policies on statistical matters and coordination, as directed by the PSA Board, and; Perform other functions as may be assigned by the PSA Board and as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of RA 10625. The PSA Board
2691-437: The economy; Collect, compile, analyze, abstract and publish statistical information relating to the country's economic, social, demographic and general activities and condition of the people; Prepare and conduct statistical sample surveys on all aspects of socioeconomic life including agriculture, industry, trade, finance, prices and marketing information, income and expenditure, education, health, culture, and social situations for
2760-534: The evidence that all-capital printing retards speed of reading to a striking degree in comparison with lower case and is not liked by readers, it would seem wise to eliminate such printing whenever rapid reading and consumer (reader) views are of importance. Examples of this would include any continuous reading material, posters, bus cards, billboards, magazine advertising copy, headings in books, business forms and records, titles of articles, books and book chapters, and newspaper headlines. Colin Wheildon stated that there
2829-538: The eye recognizes letters by the shapes of their upper halves", asserts that recognizing words in all caps "becomes a task instead of a natural process". His conclusions, based on scientific testing in 1982–1990, are: "Headlines set in capital letters are significantly less legible than those set in lower case." John Ryder , in the Case for Legibility , stated that "Printing with capital letters can be done sufficiently well to arouse interest and, with short lines, reading at
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2898-460: The fastest growing region in the country in that year. It was aided by robust growth in the industrial sector which grew by 19.1% from -6.1% in 2006. Mimaropa experienced a big slowdown in 2006, posting a decelerated growth of 2.3% from a 6.4% increase in 2005. This resulted mainly from the slump in the industry sector, which shrunk by 5.4% in 2006 from its 10.8% increase in 2005. The agriculture, forestry, and fishing sector, which contributed 42.1% to
2967-569: The given identifier represents a constant . A practice exists (most commonly in Francophone countries) of distinguishing the surname from the rest of a personal name by stylizing the surname only in all caps. This practice is also common among Japanese, when names are spelled using Roman letters. In April 2013, the U.S. Navy moved away from an all caps-based messaging system, which was begun with 1850s-era teleprinters that had only uppercase letters. The switch to mixed-case communications
3036-527: The government and the private sector, subject to appropriate authentication measures based on a biometric identification system. In addition, it aims to be a social and economic platform through which all transactions including public and private services can be availed of and shall serve as the link in the promotion of seamless service delivery, enhancing administrative governance, reducing corruption, strengthening financial inclusion and promoting ease of doing business. Information to be collected and stored under
3105-567: The lower-case print is due to the characteristic word forms furnished by this type. This permits reading by word units, while all capitals tend to be read letter by letter. Furthermore, since all-capital printing takes at least one-third more space than lower case, more fixation pauses are required for reading the same amount of material. The use of all capitals should be dispensed with in every printing situation. According to Tinker, "As early as 1914, Starch reported that material set in Roman lower case
3174-523: The opportunity to add marginal notes emphasising key points. Legal writing expert Bryan A. Garner has described the practice as "ghastly". A 2020 study found that all-caps in legal texts is ineffective and is, in fact, harmful to older readers. In 2002, a US court spoke out against the practice, ruling that simply making text all-capitals has no bearing on whether it is clear and easily readable: Lawyers who think their caps lock keys are instant "make conspicuous" buttons are deluded. In determining whether
3243-479: The other hand, posted an accelerated growth of 5.1%, which was attributed to the increase in the TCS, finance, private services, government services and trade sub-sectors, which managed to post accelerated growths of 6.0%, 5.5%, 5.1%, 5.1% and 4.7%, respectively. The other sub-sector, however, had a decelerated growth due to the slowdown in the ownership of dwelling. There are many scenic spots in Mimaropa. Some of them are
3312-532: The people of the Philippines , as well as enforcing the civil registration functions in the country. It is an attached agency of the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) for purposes of policy coordination. The PSA comprises the PSA Board and offices on sectoral statistics, censuses and technical coordination, civil registration, Philippine registry office, central support, and field statistical services. The National Statistician , who
3381-502: The planning, budgeting and implementation of government programs geared towards poverty alleviation and economic development. In addition, it merges the methodologies used in data collection activities of all national agencies, geo-tagging, and the CBMS implemented by local government units (LGUs). In addition, CBMS entails a census of households undertaken by the LGUs with the participation of
3450-472: The principal government agency for the efficient collection, processing, analysis, and dissemination of official statistics on agriculture and fisheries as inputs to policy and decisions towards a sustainable agricultural development. In the year 2000, the BAS structural organization was strengthened and reoriented pursuant to the relevant provisions of DA Administrative Order No. 6 series of 1998 in compliance with
3519-557: The production of official statistics, general-purpose statistics, and civil registration services. It shall primarily be responsible for all national censuses and surveys, sectoral statistics, consolidation of selected administrative recording systems and compilation of national accounts. The PSA has the following functions: Serve as the central statistical authority of the Philippine government on primary data collection; Prepare and conduct periodic censuses on population, housing, agriculture, fisheries, business, industry, and other sectors of
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#17327720806733588-517: The promotion and adoption of statistical standards involving techniques, methodologies, concepts, definitions, and classifications, and on the avoidance of duplication in the collection of statistical information; Conduct continuing methodological, analytical and development activities, in coordination with the PSRTI, to improve the conduct of censuses, surveys, and other data collection activities; Recommend executive and legislative measures to enhance
3657-607: The provisions of the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act or RA 8435 of 1997. This law designated BAS as the central information source and server of the National Information Network (NIN) of the Department of Agriculture . It was also on January 30, 1987, when the Ministry of Labor and Employment was reorganized anew under Executive Order No. 126 and one of its provisions was the abolition of
3726-671: The provisions of the Civil Registry Law. The Philippine Statistics Authority was created by virtue of Republic Act No. 10625, otherwise known as the Philippine Statistical Act of 2013 , which was signed into law by President Benigno Simeon Aquino III on September 12, 2013. It mandated the reorganization of the PSS and created PSA from merging the four major statistical agencies engaged in primary data collection and compilation of secondary data, namely BAS, BLES, NSCB, and NSO. The Philippine Identification System (PhilSys)
3795-474: The purpose of promoting efficiency in the government, accelerating social and economic development and improving public services in the provinces covered. Region IV-B was designated as Mimaropa, which stands for the island provinces belonging to the Southern Tagalog region— Mindoro ( Oriental and Occidental ), Marinduque , Romblon and Palawan . Region IV-A was designated as Calabarzon. Marinduque
3864-489: The reading time. When this is combined with the difficulty in reading words in all-capital letters as units, the hindrance to rapid reading becomes marked. In the eye-movement study by Tinker and Patterson, the principal difference in oculomotor patterns between lower case and all capitals was the very large increase in number of fixation pauses for reading the all-capital print. All caps text should be eliminated from most forms of composition, according to Tinker: Considering
3933-572: The same ROM. Game designers often choose to have less characters in favor of more tiles. With the advent of the bulletin board system , or BBS, and later the Internet, typing messages in all caps commonly became closely identified with "shouting" or attention-seeking behavior, and may be considered rude. Its equivalence to shouting traces back to at least 1984 and before the Internet, back to printed typography usage of all capitals to mean shouting. For this reason, etiquette generally discourages
4002-425: The titles on book covers. Short strings of words in capital letters appear bolder and "louder" than mixed case, and this is sometimes referred to as "screaming" or "shouting". All caps can also be used to indicate that a given word is an acronym . Studies have been conducted on the readability and legibility of all caps text. Scientific testing from the 20th century onward has generally indicated that all caps text
4071-402: The total regional economy, grew by 9.1% in 2006, accelerating from 3.2% the previous year. The higher production of rice , maize , other crops, livestock and fishery resulted in the accelerated growth in the total agriculture and fishery sector. The industry sector, which contributed 38.3% to the region's total economy, was the second largest contributor next to agriculture. Its decline of 5.4%
4140-581: The use of all caps when posting messages online. While all caps can be used as an alternative to rich-text "bolding" for a single word or phrase, to express emphasis, repeated use of all caps can be considered "shouting" or irritating. Some aspects of Microsoft's Metro design language involve the use of all caps headings and titles. This has received particular attention when menu and ribbon titles appeared in all caps in Visual Studio 2012 and Office 2013 , respectively. Critics have compared this to
4209-514: The use of the government and the public; Carry out, enforce and administer civil registration functions in the country as provided for in Act 3753, the Law on Registry of Civil Status; Collaborate with departments of the national government including GOCCs and their subsidiaries in the collection, compilation, maintenance and publication of statistical information, including special statistical data derived from
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#17327720806734278-483: Was a sub-province of Quezon , at that time known as Tayabas; it became independent province in 1920. Quezon is now part of Calabarzon. Romblon was a sub-province of Capiz & was part of Western Visayas. When President Ferdinand Marcos enacted Presidential Decree No. 1 , which organized the provinces into 11 regions as part of Marcos' Integrated Reorganization Plan, Romblon was transferred from Western Visayas to Southern Tagalog. On May 23, 2005, Executive Order 429
4347-619: Was approved on August 19, 1940. It was then known as the Bureau of the Census and Statistics (BCS). It became the National Census and Statistics Office ( NCSO ) in 1974 until it was renamed to the National Statistics Office by Executive Order No. 121. It was responsible for collecting, compiling, classifying, producing, publishing, and disseminating general-purpose statistics and for carrying out and administering
4416-643: Was common on teletype machines, such as those used by police departments, news, and the United States' then-called Weather Bureau , as well as early computers, such as certain early Apple II models and the ZX81 , which had a limited support for lower-case text. This changed as full support of ASCII became standard, allowing lower-case characters. Some Soviet computers , such as Radio-86RK , Vector-06C , Agat-7 , use 7-bit encoding called KOI-7N2, where capital Cyrillic letters replace lower-case Latin letters in
4485-496: Was estimated to save the Navy $ 20 million a year and is compliant with current Internet protocol. An antiquated practice that still remains in use, especially by older American lawyers who grew up before the arrival of computers, is to use all caps text for text that is legally required to be emphasised and clearly readable. The practice dates to the period of typewriters, which generally did not offer bold text, small capitals, or
4554-490: Was issued, moving the province of Palawan to the region of Western Visayas , designating Region IV-B as "Mimaro". However, Palawan residents criticized the move, citing a lack of consultation, with most residents in Puerto Princesa and nearly all municipalities preferring to stay with Region IV-B. Consequently, Administrative Order No. 129 was issued on August 19, 2005, to address this backlash. This order directed
4623-428: Was largely attributed to the decrease in the mining and quarrying sub-sector, which went down by 15.4% due to the reduced production of natural gas in Palawan. Mining and quarrying contributed 16.6% to the total regional economy. The positive growth in the electricity and water, construction and manufacturing sub-sectors were not able to compensate to the drop in the mining and quarrying sub-sector. The service sector, on
4692-427: Was read somewhat faster than similar material printed in all capitals." Another study in 1928 showed that "all-capital text was read 11.8 percent slower than lower case, or approximately 38 words per minute slower", and that "nine-tenths of adult readers consider lower case more legible than all capitals". A 1955 study by Miles Tinker showed that "all-capital text retarded speed of reading from 9.5 to 19.0 percent for
4761-724: Was restructured on January 30, 1987. The issuance of Executive Order 121 provided the basis for the structure of the decentralized PSS. The PSS consists of statistical organizations at all administrative levels, its personnel and the national statistical program. Specifically, the organizations composing the system included the following: The major statistical agencies in the PSS included the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB), National Statistics Office (NSO), Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS), Bureau of Labor and Employment Statistics (BLES), Statistical Research and Training Center (SRTC), and
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