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52-669: Reitplatz is a sports field and recreation area located in Winterthur , Switzerland . Its primary tenant is FC Töss . In addition to football matches, Reitplatz has been used several times for cultural events, such as the Out in the Green Festival in 1994. 47°28′17″N 8°42′34″E  /  47.47141°N 8.70946°E  / 47.47141; 8.70946 Winterthur Winterthur ( German pronunciation: [ˈvɪntɐtuːɐ̯] ; French : Winterthour )

104-400: A cadet branch of the family of the counts of Bregenz , built Kyburg castle in the tenth century. With the extinction of the counts of Winterthur in 1053, the castle passed to the counts of Dillingen . Winterthur as a city (presumably on the site of a pre-existing village) was founded by Hartmann III of Dillingen in 1180, shortly before his death in the same year. From 1180 to 1263, Winterthur

156-510: A day. As the town is close to Zurich , it is served by many trains on the local Zurich S-Bahn network. EuroCity services to Munich and regional trains to St. Gallen , Konstanz or Romanshorn also serve the station. As well as the Hauptbahnhof, there are nine more stations within the city, called Oberwinterthur , Seen , Grüze , Töss , Hegi , Reutlingen , Wülflingen , Wallrüti and Sennhof-Kyburg . The local public transport

208-565: A department. Departmental tasks, coordination measures and implementation of laws decreed by the Large Municipal Council are carried by the City Council. In the mandate period 2018–2022 ( Legislatur ) the City Council is presided by Stadtpräsident Michael Künzle . The regular election of the City Council by any inhabitant valid to vote is held every four years. Any resident of Winterthur allowed to vote can be elected as

260-505: A leading role in shaping the musical life of Winterthur, with numerous premiere performances emphasizing contemporary music. The city hall Stadthaus , in which the concerts of the Musikkollegium take place, was built by Gottfried Semper . Musikfestwochen, in late August and early September, sees Winterthur's Old Town taken over for live music of all kinds, in the street and bars as well as in concert venues. The "Albanifest",

312-508: A member of the City Council. The mayor is elected as such by public election by means of a system of Majorz , while the heads of the other directorates are assigned by the collegiate. The delegates are elected by means of a system of Majorz. As of 2018 , Winterthur's City Council is made up of three representatives of the SP ( Social Democratic Party ), one member of the FDP ( FDP.The Liberals ), one of

364-410: A system of proportional representation (Proporz). The sessions of the Large Municipal Council are public. Unlike members of the City Council, members of the Large Municipal Council are not politicians by profession, and they are paid a fee based on their attendance. Any resident of Winterthur allowed to vote can be elected as a member of the Large Municipal Council. The parliament holds its meetings in

416-604: Is German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect, Zurich German . Winterthur is usually abbreviated as Winti in the local dialect and by its inhabitants. Winterthur is connected to Germany by direct trains and has links to Zurich Airport . It is also a regional transport hub: the A1 motorway from Geneva through to St. Margrethen connects in Winterthur with

468-455: Is Legal Counsel ( Rechtskonsulent ) since 2013 for the City Council. The Grosse Gemeinderat of Winterthur for the mandate period of 2018–2022 The Large Municipal Council ( Grosser Gemeinderat ) holds legislative power . It is made up of 60 members, with elections held every four years. The Large Municipal Council decrees regulations and by-laws that are executed by the City Council and the administration. The delegates are selected by means of

520-502: Is a city in the canton of Zurich in northern Switzerland. With over 120,000 residents, it is the country's sixth-largest city by population , as well as its ninth-largest agglomeration with about 140,000 inhabitants. Located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Zurich , Winterthur is a service and high-tech industrial satellite city within Zurich Metropolitan Area . The official language of Winterthur

572-654: Is located at an elevation of 439 meters (1,440 ft). The city is located in a basin south and east of the river Töss before it meets the High Rhine after 10 kilometers. The Eulach , a small river, flows from the town's east end through the middle of the town to meet the Töss at the west exit of the city. Because of this the town is colloquially also called "Eulachstadt". Zurich lies about 20 km (12 mi) southwest of Winterthur. As of 2004-2009 , Winterthur has an area of 68.1 km (26.3 sq mi); 24.8%

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624-618: Is mentioned in most tourist guides for its numerous museums, many of which offer world class art, among them of the Gottfried Keller-Stiftung . The most famous are: Winterthur's chamber orchestra Orchester Musikkollegium Winterthur is the oldest orchestra in Switzerland, and also plays at the Zurich Opera . Between 1922 and 1950, the philanthropist Werner Reinhart and the conductor Hermann Scherchen played

676-546: Is now known as Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW). The headquarters of the Club of Rome are located in Winterthur. SIS Swiss International School maintains a campus in Winterthur. International School Winterthur , formerly located in Winterthur, closed in 2015. Bahnhof Winterthur , the central station, is one of the busiest stations on the Swiss Railway Network with 105,000 passengers

728-579: Is run by Stadtbus Winterthur  [ de ] with twelve town bus lines, including the Winterthur trolleybus system , and five regional bus lines. There are two airports: Winterthur Hegmatten (LSPH) and Speck (LSZK). Winterthur is not high on the list of tourist destinations in Switzerland. As a result, it does not offer a wide range of hotels to choose from. As it is relatively easy to reach from Zurich by public transport, tourists who do visit Winterthur often stay in Zurich. Nevertheless, Winterthur

780-407: Is used for agricultural purposes, 40.4% is forested, 33.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 1.1% is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). In 1996 housing and buildings made up 21.9% of the total area, while transportation infrastructure made up the rest (9%). Of the total unproductive area, water (streams and lakes) made up 0.6% of the area. As of 2007 , 27.6% of the total municipal area

832-716: The Reichstag were the Imperial Knights as well as several abbeys and minor localities , the remains of those territories which in the High Middle Ages had been under the direct authority of the Emperor and since then had mostly been given in pledge to the princes. At the same time, there were classes of "princes" with titular immediacy to the Emperor which they exercised rarely, if at all. For example,

884-793: The CVP (4.2%, +0.2). In the federal election a total of 32,907 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 47.0%. In the 2015 election for the Swiss National Council the most popular party was the SPS which received 26.1% of the vote. The next most popular parties were the SVP (23.4%), the FDP (12.1%), the Green Party (8.8%), the glp (8.8%), the EVP (5.0%), the CVP (4.0%), and BDP (3.5%). In

936-608: The Conservative Democratic Party (BDP/PBD) , Federal Democratic Union (EDU/UDF) , and the Pirate Party . In the 2019 federal election for the Swiss National Council the most popular party was the PS which received 22.6% (−3.4) of the vote. The next six most popular parties were the SVP (17.8%, -5.6), the Green Party (17.8%, +9), the glp (14.3%, +5.5), FDP (10.6%, -1.5), the EVP (5.0%, 0), and

988-835: The French Army of the Danube and elements of the Habsburg army, commanded by Friedrich, Baron von Hotze during the War of the Second Coalition , in the French Revolutionary Wars . Because Winterthur lies near Zurich and at the junction of seven roads, the army that held the town held the access to most of Switzerland and points crossing the Rhine into southern Germany. Although the forces involved were small,

1040-702: The Rathaus once a month on Mondays. The last regular election of the Large Municipal Council was held on 8 March 2018 for the mandate period (German: Legislatur ) from May 2018 to April 2022. Currently the Large Municipal Council consists of 18 members of the Social Democratic Party (SP/PS) , 10 Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC) , 8 The Liberals (FDP/PLR) , 7 Green Liberal Party (GLP/PVL) , 5 Green Party (GPS/PES) , 4 Evangelical People's Party (EVP) , 3 Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP/PDC) , 2 Alternative List (AL) , one representative each of

1092-630: The Swiss Reformed Church (37.1% of the population) and 26,995 Catholics (26.7% of the population) in Winterthur. Of the other Christian faiths, 326 (0.3%) were Lutheran , 203 (0.2%) were Christian Catholic , 3141 (3.1%) are some type of Christian Orthodox and 3,132 (3.1%) are another Christian faith. Of the rest of the population, 11,608 (11.5%) were Muslim, 108 (0.1%) were Jewish, 1,359 (1.3%) belonged to another non-Christian faith and 16,779 (16.6%) were atheist or agnostic or did not belong to any organized faith. Historically, Winterthur

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1144-515: The early modern period , the Empire consisted of over 1,800 immediate territories, ranging in size from quite large such as Austria, Bavaria, Saxony, and Brandenburg, down to the several hundred tiny immediate estates of the Imperial knights of only a few square kilometers or less, which were by far the most numerous. The criteria of immediacy varied and classification is difficult especially for

1196-657: The A4 motorway heading north toward Schaffhausen and the A7 motorway heading close to the Swiss-German border at Kreuzlingen . There are also roads leading to other places such as Turbenthal . The railway station is the fourth busiest railway station in Switzerland, and is 20 minutes away by train from Zurich. Vitudurum was a vicus in what is now Oberwinterthur during the Roman era (first century BC to third century AD). It

1248-559: The Bishops of Chiemsee , Gurk , and Seckau (Sacken) were practically subordinate to the prince-bishop of Salzburg, but were formally princes of the Empire. Additional advantages might include the rights to collect taxes and tolls , to hold a market , to mint coins , to bear arms , and to conduct legal proceedings . The last of these might include the so-called Blutgericht ("blood justice") through which capital punishment could be administered. These rights varied according to

1300-678: The Emperor and/or the Imperial Diet could not defend them against external aggression, as occurred in the French Revolutionary wars and the Napoleonic Wars . The Treaty of Lunéville in 1801 required the emperor to renounce all claims to the portions of the Holy Roman Empire west of the Rhine . At the last meeting of the Imperial Diet ( German : Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ) in 1802–03, also called

1352-549: The GPS ( Green Party ), one of the GLP ( Green Liberal Party ), and one of the CVP ( Christian Democratic People's Party , who is also the mayor), giving the left parties a combined four out of seven seats. The last regular election was held on 5 March and 15 April 2018, the last special election on 23 August 2020. Ansgar Simon is Town Chancellor ( Stadtschreiber ) since and Marcel Wendelspiess

1404-505: The Middle Ages, the counts were generally considered to be immediate to the Empire, although they often had obtained their fiefs from neighboring princes. The imperial immediacy of bishops was acquired automatically when they were enfeoffed with their hochstift and granted immunities. The situation for the prelates (abbots) was not always clear since there were some who, although recognized as immediate, had not been enfeoffed directly by

1456-399: The Middle Ages. The situation was relatively clear in the case of the cities: imperial cities were directly subject to the king's jurisdiction and taxation, and a first list can be found in the imperial tax register of 1241. In the case of the nobility, the enfeoffment with an imperial fief and high aristocratic lineage was regarded as decisive criteria for immediacy. However, towards the end of

1508-562: The National Railway of Switzerland (a private enterprise). In 1878, Winterthur had to sell its shares in the line, and from 1881 to 1885 it was in great difficulties due to a loan of nine million francs guaranteed in 1874 by the town, together with three others in Aargau, to the enterprise. As the three co-guarantor towns were unable to pay their shares, the whole burden fell on Winterthur, which struggled to meet its liabilities. But it

1560-506: The Swiss towns Frauenfeld , St. Gallen , and Schaffhausen : The community of Winterthur in Delaware , US, is named after the city. As of July 2008 the population of Winterthur is 100,000. More recently (as of 31 December 2020) the population was 114,220. As of 2007 23.6% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. As of 2008 the gender distribution of the population

1612-552: The ability of the Austrians to sustain an 11-hour assault against the French line, on the plateau north of Zurich, resulted in the consolidation of three Austrian forces. This led to the French defeat a few days later. In the 19th century, Winterthur became an industrial town when companies, like Sulzer , Rieter and SLM , built large industrial plants. Winterthur suffered severely from its investments in and guarantee of loans to

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1664-552: The ability to appeal to the Imperial Diet in any debate with Charles. For that reason, the Emperor strongly rejected and blocked Overijssel's attempt. Disadvantages might include direct intervention by imperial commissions, as happened in several of the southwestern cities after the Schmalkaldic War , and the potential restriction or outright loss of previously held legal patents. Immediate rights might be lost if

1716-472: The archbishops, bishops and imperial abbots, roughly ninety of them, and to distinguish most dukes and a selection of reliable margraves, landgraves and counts as maiores imperii principes . They were intended to be the only direct vassals, apart from the Imperial ministeriales who did homage within the royal household, and the royal towns which offered collective fealty. From the thirteenth century onward,

1768-602: The control of the Austrian Habsburgs. Needing money, in 1467, the Habsburgs sold Winterthur to the city of Zurich . While it was under the leadership of Zurich, Winterthur's economic freedom was restricted. It lost many of its market rights and the right to trade in some goods. This ended in 1798, when Napoleonic troops took the town. On 27 May 1799, it was the site of the Battle of Winterthur between elements of

1820-609: The early 1980s. In 2010, Peraves won the Progressive Insurance Automotive X-Prize with an electric powered version of the Monotracer. Among other commercial organizations, Winterthur was home to Switzerland's largest insurance business Winterthur Insurance . Until its acquisition, the company was the largest in Switzerland and was in Europe's top 10. On 1 January 2007 the Winterthur company

1872-509: The emperor. Several immediate estates held the privilege of attending meetings of the Reichstag in person, including an individual vote ( votum virile ): They formed the Imperial Estates , together with 99 immediate counts, 40 Imperial prelates (abbots and abbesses), and 50 Imperial Cities, each of whose "banks" only enjoyed a single collective vote ( votum curiatum ). Further immediate estates not represented in

1924-606: The federal election, a total of 33,426 voters were cast, and the voter turnout was 49.3%. In the 2011, federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 22.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (21.8%), the Green Liberals (11.1%) and the Green Party (10.1%). Winterthur is twinned with two Swiss and two international towns and coordinates its international relations together with

1976-399: The growing exclusiveness of the princes derived from their determination to enforce their preeminence and make the other lords feudally dependent on themselves, and to incorporate them into their own territorial lordships, thus making them 'mediate' by cutting them off from direct legal relationship with the crown. During the High Middle Ages , and for those bishops, abbots, and cities then

2028-399: The king. In the end, for the Middle Ages, the formal grant of immediacy was of relative importance; the decisive factor was the capacity to assert and enforce one's claim to immediacy against competing claims. The position of the princes with regard to the crown had strengthened progressively since the reign of Frederick Barbarossa (1152–1190) who restricted the immediate crown vassalage to

2080-429: The largest annual festival in a historic town in Switzerland, is named after Saint Alban , one of the city's four saints, is held here, over three days in late June every year. Although a recent creation, the festival celebrates the granting of a charter to the town in 1264 by Rudolf of Habsburg on 22 June of that year, which happened to be the saint's day. The church of St. Laurenz in the city centre dates from 1264,

2132-459: The legal patents granted by the emperor. As pointed out by Jonathan Israel , the Dutch province of Overijssel in 1528 tried to arrange its submission to Emperor Charles V in his capacity as Holy Roman Emperor rather than as Duke of Burgundy . If successful, that would have evoked Imperial immediacy and would have put Overijssel in a stronger negotiating position, for example giving the province

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2184-556: The main beneficiaries of that status, immediacy could be exacting and often meant subjection to the fiscal, military, and hospitality demands of their overlord, the Emperor. However, from the mid-13th century onwards, with the gradually diminishing importance of the Emperor, whose authority to exercise power became increasingly limited to the enforcement of legislative acts promulgated by the Imperial Diet , entities privileged by imperial immediacy eventually found themselves vested with considerable rights and powers previously exercised by

2236-433: The town hall was built in 1781, the assembly hall in 1865. Imperial immediacy The possession of this imperial immediacy granted a constitutionally unique form of territorial authority known as "territorial superiority" ( Landeshoheit ) which had nearly all the attributes of sovereignty, but fell short of true sovereignty since the rulers of the Empire remained answerable to the Empire's institutions and basic laws. In

2288-494: The working population were employed full-time, and 52.1% were employed part-time. In Winterthur, about 70.7% of the population (between ages 25 and 64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). The town is renowned for its institute of higher education Technikum , which is the largest school of technology in Switzerland. The institute has recently teamed up with schools from Zurich and

2340-515: The world's large banks, Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS, since 1998 UBS AG ), was founded in Winterthur. The Landbote newspaper is situated in Winterthur, and also serves as Winterthurer Stadtanzeiger , the official publication organ of the city of Winterthur. Peraves , the manufacturer of the fully enclosed "cabin motorcycle" named the Monotracer, predated by an earlier model named the Ecomobile , has been manufacturing these vehicles since

2392-549: Was 48.6% male and 51.4% female. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 10.4%. Most of the population (as of 2000 ) speaks German (83.0%), with Italian being second-most common (4.9%) and Albanian being third (2.0%). The age distribution of the population (as of 2018 ) is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 19.9% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 63.9% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 16.2%. There are 42,028 households in Winterthur. As of 2008 there were 37,327 members of

2444-532: Was acquired by the French AXA group and is now known as AXA Winterthur. As of 2011 , Winterthur had an unemployment rate of 3.53%. As of 2017 , there were 185 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 60 businesses involved in this sector; 11,880 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 884 businesses in this sector; 59,767 people are employed in the tertiary sector , with 6,983 businesses in this sector. As of 2007 47.9% of

2496-400: Was assisted by large loans from the cantonal and federal governments. The Great Depression , in the 1930s, hit Winterthur extremely hard. Sixty percent of the total employees in town worked in the machine industry . Jobs became extremely hard to find. However, with the outbreak of World War II , industry grew again in the city. In 2008, Winterthur reached 100,000 inhabitants. Winterthur

2548-517: Was fortified into a castrum at the end of the third century, apparently in reaction to the incipient Alamannic invasion . There was an Alamannic settlement on the site in the seventh century. In a battle near Winterthur in 919, Burchard II of Swabia asserted his control over the Thurgau within the Duchy of Swabia against the claims of Rudolph II of Burgundy . The counts of Winterthur ,

2600-428: Was one of the homes of Switzerland's rail industry and an industrial centre, however the rail industry and other heavy industry have mostly shut down. Amongst the most significant companies was Sulzer Brothers, today's Sulzer Ltd., Sulzer AG , commonly abbreviated to Sulzer . Textile production declined even earlier on. The Rieter textile machinery company is based in Winterthur. Switzerland's largest bank, and one of

2652-637: Was ruled by the cadet line of the House of Kyburg . When the counts of Kyburg became extinct in the male line in 1263, Winterthur passed to the House of Habsburg , who established a comital line of Neu-Kyburg in 1264 and granted city rights to Winterthur in the same year. From 1415 until 1442 Winterthur was reichsfrei (subject only to the Holy Roman Emperor ). However, in the Old Zürich War they lost this freedom and came back under

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2704-493: Was undergoing some type of construction. Winterthur has seven city districts (German: Stadtkreise ): 1 – Winterthur-Stadt, 2 – Oberwinterthur, 3 – Seen, 4 – Töss, 5 – Veltheim, 6 – Wülflingen, 7 – Mattenbach The City Council ( Stadtrat ) constitutes the executive government of the City of Winterthur and operates as a collegiate authority . It is composed of seven councilors (German: Stadtrat/ Stadträtin ), each presiding over

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