RepTrak (formerly known as Reputation Institute ) is a company that publishes reports on the reputation of corporations and places, based on consumer surveys and media coverage. It is headquartered in Boston , Massachusetts .
67-492: In 1999, Charles Fombrun, a professor at New York University Stern School of Business , and Cees van Riel , a professor at Rotterdam School of Management , founded Reputation Institute. In early 2020, the company changed its name to RepTrak. In early 2023, Mark Sonders became the CEO. In collaboration with Harris Interactive , Reputation Institute developed Reputation Quotient (RQ) in 1999. In 2005, Reputation Institute developed
134-520: A chess and scrabble playing area, park benches, picnic tables, commemorative statuary and two dog runs. Those commemorated by statues and monuments include George Washington ; Italian patriot and soldier Giuseppe Garibaldi , commander of the insurrectionist forces in Italy's struggle for unification; and Alexander Lyman Holley , a talented engineer who helped start the American steel industry after
201-483: A Guinness World Record holder, Vanessa O'Brien , the first woman to reach Earth's highest and lowest points. 40°43′47″N 73°59′45″W / 40.729584°N 73.995935°W / 40.729584; -73.995935 Washington Square Park Washington Square Park is a 9.75-acre (3.95 ha) public park in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan , New York City. It
268-725: A contribution to Stern for the Rosenwald Global Value Student Investment Fund. Every year, a tenth of the fund will be invested in one or more stocks based on recommendations made by the students in his Global Value Investing class. Stern offers three undergraduate degree programs: a Bachelor of Science in Business, in Business and Political Economy (BPE), or in Business, Technology, and Entrepreneurship (BTE). Applicants are required to apply directly to each program, and all programs are extremely selective. Stern's overall acceptance rate for
335-517: A pool of Stern applicants separate from those applying to the New York University’s other colleges, such as the College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Tisch School of Arts , and Tandon School of Engineering . At the time of applying, prospective students must also indicate their program of choice: BTE, BPE, or BS in Business. Their applications are then sorted and uniquely evaluated based on
402-712: A procession through the arch with the George Washington Inaugural Bible for the Centennial Parade of Washington's Inauguration. The temporary plaster and wood arch was so popular that in 1892, a permanent Tuckahoe marble arch, designed by the New York architect Stanford White , was erected, standing 77 feet (23 m) and modeled after the Arc de Triomphe , built in Paris in 1806. During
469-403: A redevelopment of the park, a skating rink and bandshell would have been reconstructed. Later that year, a committee was organized to appoint a landscape architect for a $ 800,000 renovation of Washington Square Park. The city studied a plan to add a fence around Washington Square Park in 1973. Four pedestrians were killed in a car crash at the park in 1992, prompting NYU to suggest closing
536-598: A spectrum of academic programs at the graduate and undergraduate levels. The school is located on West 4th Street, occupying Shimkin and Tisch Halls and the Kaufman Management Center, on NYU's Washington Square campus. Students who attend the Stern School of Business are often called "Sternies". Stern offers a study abroad program, IBEX (International Business Exchange Program). This program lasts one semester at many business schools around
603-674: Is a collaboration with the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology . In 2000, Stern, in partnership with London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), and HEC School of Management (HEC Paris) launched the TRIUM Global Executive MBA Program . The program combines the complementary strengths of three premier universities and five international learning locations to ensure global depth and focus. Stern also offers dual degree tracks, including MD/MBA program for those enrolled at
670-672: Is also highly selective, with a transfer acceptance rate of 2% in 2019. In 2020, the finance and international business programs were both ranked #2 nationally by U.S. News & World Report . Additionally, Stern undergraduate students from the Class of 2020 reported an average starting salary of $ 90,915. Stern offers the Master of Business Administration (MBA) for full-time students and executive programs for working professionals. It also offers Master of Science (MS) degrees; two are collaborations with New York University Shanghai and one
737-553: Is an icon as well as a meeting place and center for cultural activity. The park is operated by the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks). The park is an open space, dominated by the Washington Square Arch at the northern gateway to the park, with a tradition of celebrating nonconformity. The park's fountain area has long been one of the city's popular spots, and many of
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#1732787080384804-700: Is the business school of New York University , a private research university based in New York City. Founded as the School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance in 1900, the school received its current name in 1988. Stern is a founding member of the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business . Established as the School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance, the school changed its name in 1988 in honor of Leonard N. Stern , an alumnus and benefactor of
871-795: The Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) from MBA candidates applying beginning in 2010. Applicants were to have the option to submit either GMAT or GRE scores with their application. Stern's alumni include former Chair of the Federal Reserve of the United States, Alan Greenspan ; former CEO and current Chairman of Nasdaq , Robert Greifeld ; Iceland's "first billionaire ", Thor Bjorgolfsson ; former CEO and chairman of MetLife , John J. Creedon ; former CEO of Viacom , Thomas E. Dooley ; CFO of Pfizer , Alan Levin ; President of DC Comics , Paul Levitz ; and
938-773: The Grossman School of Medicine , JD/MBA program for those enrolled at the NYU School of Law , MBA/MS program in collaboration with the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences , and MBA/MFA program for those enrolled in the Graduate Film Program at the Tisch School of the Arts . In 2023, Stern announced its partnership with NYU Abu Dhabi to launch a one-year full-time MBA Program in
1005-546: The New York Stock Exchange , Lehman Brothers , Lord Abbett , Barnes & Noble , W. R. Berkley Corporation , McKinsey & Company , Chase Manhattan Bank , and CBS are also Stern alumni. The Stern School was founded by Charles Waldo Haskins (an alumnus of New York University Tandon School of Engineering ) in 1900 as the Undergraduate School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance on
1072-692: The Blacks and later "Little Africa". Among those who owned parcels in what is now Washington Square Park was Paulo D'Angola. It remained farmland until April 1797, when the Common Council of New York purchased the fields to the east of the Minetta (which were not yet within city limits) for a new potter's field , or public burial ground. It was used mainly for burying unknown or indigent people when they died. But when New York (which did not include this area yet) went through yellow fever epidemics in
1139-661: The Folklore Center—who had been trying to get permits for the folksingers—and about 500 musicians and supporters gathered in the park and sang songs without a permit, then held a procession from the park through the arch at Fifth Avenue, and marched to the Judson Memorial Church on the other side of the park. At about the time the musicians and friends reached the church, the New York City Police Department Riot Squad
1206-523: The Greenwich Village Community Planning Board, a local resident and mother of four sons, started a public outcry for the park in 1952 when a large, modern apartment building was constructed on the northwest corner of Washington Square North and Fifth Avenue. When then-Manhattan borough president Hulan E. Jack suggested an elevated pedestrian walkway over a four-lane road through the park, Ms. Hayes initiated "Save
1273-669: The RepTrak model to replace RQ. As of 2016, RepTrak studies are conducted annually. RepTrak analyzes corporate reputation using measures in seven dimensions: "products and services," "innovation," "workplace," "governance," "citizenship," "leadership," and "performance." The company also publishes Country RepTrak which ranks the reputations of nations using three criteria: "appealing environment," "advanced economy," and "effective government." New York University Stern School of Business The Leonard N. Stern School of Business (also NYU Stern , Stern School of Business , or simply Stern )
1340-554: The Square!", a seven-year battle to keep automobiles out of the quiet area. Though several different proposals were given for a roadway in the park, Hayes and her followers rejected them all. Seeking to "best serve the needs of children and adults of this family community," Hayes in turn presented her own proposal: 1.75 acres (700 m ) of roadway would be converted to parkland, a paved area would be created for emergency access only, and all other vehicles would be permanently banned from
1407-681: The UAE. Stern at NYUAD is scheduled to welcome its inaugural class in January 2025. Prospective Stern undergraduate candidates apply in their senior year of high school either through the Early Decision I (EDI), Early Decision II (EDII), or Regular Decision (RD) process. Unlike many other undergraduate business programs where students transfer in after their first or second year, Stern applicants apply specifically for Stern during their senior year of high school. These candidates are then grouped with
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#17327870803841474-550: The United States, Alan Greenspan ; former CEO and current chairman of Nasdaq , Robert Greifeld ; Iceland's "first billionaire ", Thor Bjorgolfsson ; former CEO and chairman of MetLife , John J. Creedon ; former CEO of Viacom , Thomas E. Dooley ; former CFO of Pfizer , Alan Levin ; president of DC Comics , Paul Levitz ; and the founding financier of The Home Depot , Kenneth Langone . Current and former CEOs of Fortune 500 companies including American Express , Berggruen Institute , Griffon Corporation , Wynn Resorts ,
1541-534: The areas containing and surrounding Washington Square Park. The families who received the land were no longer slaves, but had to give a portion of the profits they received from the land to the Dutch West India Company and pay annual land fees. Their children would be born as slaves, rather than free. The area became the core of an early African American community in New York, then called the Land of
1608-490: The chosen program. Those applying for the BTE and BPE programs can opt for BS in Business program as a secondary choice should their initial applications be rejected. Admissions decisions are made on a holistic basis that considers academic record, standardized test scores, accomplishments outside of the classroom, recommendations, essays, and diversity. In 2023, the median combined verbal and math SAT score of incoming freshmen at
1675-634: The class of 2027 was less than 5%. In 2023, the Business, Technology, and Entrepreneurship (BTE) program received over 5,000 applications for its 50 available spots, resulting in an acceptance rate of less than 2%. Current BS in Business students also have the option to apply to two dual-degree programs: a BS/MS in Accounting or a BS in Business/BFA in Film and Television from the Tisch School of Arts . Transfer admission to Stern's undergraduate program
1742-561: The community, especially considering that the Parks Department orchestrated the naming without consulting the City Council. In December 2007, NYC Parks began construction on a project to redesign and refurbish Washington Square Park, which at the time was projected to cost $ 16 million. Changes to the park included moving the fountain off center to improve its visual alignment with the arch when viewed from above, replacing
1809-406: The control of the newly formed New York City Department of Parks , and it was redesigned again, with curving rather than straight secondary paths. In 1889, to celebrate the centennial of George Washington 's inauguration as president of the United States , a large plaster and wood Memorial Arch was erected over Fifth Avenue just north of the park. Freemasons from St. John's Lodge No. 1 lead
1876-438: The early 19th century, most of those who died from yellow fever were also buried here, safely away from town, as a hygienic measure. A legend in many tourist guides says that the large elm at the northwest corner of the park, Hangman's Elm , was the old hanging tree. However, research indicates the tree was on the side of the former Minetta Creek that was the back garden of a private house. Records of only one public hanging at
1943-422: The eastern half of the park was reopened to the public, leaving only the park's southwest corner under construction. In mid-August 2012, the new granite benches heated up to 125 °F (52 °C) in the sun, seemingly vindicating community members who had charged that the renovations were primarily to discourage public use of the park. The entire renovation was completed in 2014 for $ 30.6 million. In July 2020,
2010-544: The environmental review of the renovation project were heard in 2007 by the New York County Supreme Court, then dismissed. Upon the completion of phase one of the park's renovation on May 22, 2009, the Coalition for a Better Washington Square Park, a private organization, began raising money to "hire off-duty cops and maintenance workers to patrol the park" by the summer of 2010. On June 2, 2011,
2077-407: The excavations for the eastern part of the arch, human remains, a coffin, and a gravestone dated to 1803 were uncovered 10 feet (3.0 m) below ground level. The first fountain next to the arch was completed in 1852 and replaced in 1872. In 1851, it was described as having "a very large circular basin, with a central jet and several side jets." A story on the completion of the fountain appeared in
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2144-496: The fight against park traffic, Shirley Hayes: "Hayes and the Washington Square Park Committee advocated eliminating the existing road, that is, closing the park to all automobile traffic – but at the same time, not widening the perimeter roads either. In short, they proposed closing off a roadbed without compensating for it." Hayes, former chairman of the Washington Square Park Committee and member of
2211-574: The first edition of the New-York Daily Times , which would eventually become the New York Times . The statue of Giuseppe Garibaldi was unveiled in 1888. In 1918, two statues of George Washington were added to the north side. Robert Moses became the parks commissioner in 1934. He embarked on a crusade to fully redesign the park, and local activists began an opposing fight that lasted three decades. In 1934, Robert Moses had
2278-440: The founding financier of The Home Depot , Kenneth Langone . Current and former CEOs of Fortune 500 companies including American Express , Berggruen Institute , Griffon Corporation , Wynn Resorts , the New York Stock Exchange , Lehman Brothers , Lord Abbett , Barnes & Noble , W. R. Berkley Corporation , McKinsey & Company , Chase Manhattan Bank , and CBS are also Stern alumni. Stern's alumni also includes
2345-608: The fountain or fountain plaza area, pending further review of the plans by the local community board, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission , and the Art Commission, stating that NYC Parks had intentionally misrepresented the project in a scheme to secure its approval. The ruling was reversed on appeal. Another lawsuit challenging the art commission's approval of the plan was dismissed. Two more lawsuits questioning
2412-611: The fountain renovated to also serve as a wading pool. In 1952, Moses finalized plans to extend 5th Avenue through the park. He intended to eventually push it through the neighborhood south of the park, as part of an urban renewal project. Area residents, including Eleanor Roosevelt , opposed the plans. The urbanist Jane Jacobs became an activist and is credited with stopping the Moses plan and closing Washington Square Park to all auto traffic, but Jacobs, in her book The Death and Life of Great American Cities , praised another local advocate in
2479-476: The invention of the Bessemer process for mass-producing steel. The New York City Police Department operates security cameras in the park. The area has a low crime rate in the "safest big city in the United States." The land was once divided by a narrow marshy valley through which Minetta Creek (or Brook) ran. In the early 17th century, a Native American village known as Sapohanikan or "Tobacco Field"
2546-437: The local buildings have at one time served as homes and studios for artists. Many buildings have been built by New York University , while others have been converted from their former uses into academic and residential buildings. Located at the foot of Fifth Avenue , the park is bordered by Washington Square North (known as Waverly Place east and west of the park), Washington Square East (known as University Place north of
2613-411: The nation's defense would train. The streets surrounding the square became one of the city's most desirable residential areas in the 1830s. The protected row of Greek Revival style houses on the north side of the park remains from that time. In 1849 and 1850, the parade ground was reworked into the first park on the site. More paths were added and a new fence was built around it. In 1871, it came under
2680-417: The new ruling that was to come in on May 8, 2013, would involve entertainers. This could mean that performers could be fined $ 250 for the first offense and up to $ 1,000 for further violations. The 2010 rule on which the 2013 ruling was based stated that artists could not sell within 50 feet of a monument or five feet from any bench or fence. Some holiday traditions in the park date back to 1924. Each December,
2747-401: The northwest lawn was reopened after a yearlong restoration which included new grass and sod for the over 39,000 square feet of green space. Funding for the $ 170,000 project was provided by Ray Dalio 's Dalio Philanthropies. Washington Square has long been a hub for politics and culture in New York City. The first neighborhood organization established in New York City was created in support of
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2814-528: The park dating as far back as 1799. In 1826, Alderman Abraham Valentine "introduced a resolution to re-appropriate an old potter's field into a military parade ground," and the city bought the land west of Minetta Creek, the square was laid out and leveled, and it was turned into the Washington Military Parade Ground. Military parade grounds were public spaces specified by the city where volunteer militia companies responsible for
2881-407: The park demanding women's suffrage in 1915. In 1888, Robert Louis Stevenson , visiting the U.S. to seek medical help for his battle with consumption , talked to Mark Twain in the park. In the years before and after World War I , the park was a center for many American artists, writers, and activists, including the photographer André Kertész , who photographed the square during winter. Later,
2948-494: The park is home to an annual tree-lighting ceremony as well as a Christmas Eve sing-along with carolers and festive music. Also, the Washington Square Music Festival, which began in 1953, has brought chamber music concerts to park-goers every summer. In 1834, New York University decided to use prison labor to dress the stone for a new building, across from the park, as prison labor from Sing Sing
3015-580: The park to commemorate the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire , which had killed 146 workers the year before. Many of the women wore fitted tucked-front blouses like those manufactured by the Triangle Shirtwaist Company. This clothing style became the working woman's uniform and a symbol of female independence, reflecting the alliance of labor and suffrage movements. Over 25,000 people marched up Fifth Avenue from
3082-498: The park today. Hayes's papers are archived at the New-York Historical Society . Following the end of World War II , folksingers had been congregating on warm Sunday afternoons at the fountain in the center of the park. Tension and conflicts began to develop between the bohemian element and the remaining working-class residents of the neighborhood. The city government began showing an increasing hostility to
3149-482: The park was a gathering area for the Beat generation , folk, and hippie movements in the 1950s and 1960s; in 1958, musician Buddy Holly , a nearby resident of Greenwich Village , spent time in the park both listening to people play and helping guitarists with musical chords. Singers Bob Dylan and Joan Baez lived in the neighbouring eponymous hotel and her lyrics in " Diamonds & Rust " state "Now you're smiling out
3216-587: The park), Washington Square South (known as West 4th Street east and west of the park), and Washington Square West (known as MacDougal Street north and south of the park). While the park contains many flower beds and trees, little of the park is used for plantings due to the paving. The two prominent features are the Washington Square Arch and the Tisch Fountain. It includes children's play areas, trees and gardens, paths to stroll on,
3283-514: The park. For over 100 years, the Washington Square Association has been helping to support and better the park and the surrounding neighborhood. The presence of street performers has been one of the defining characteristics of Washington Square Park. For many years, people visiting the park have mingled with the buskers, performers, musicians, and poets. Because of a change in policy on a 2010 rule that involved artists,
3350-537: The park. This plan received widespread support, including that of then-Congressman John Lindsay , as well as Washington Square Park West resident Eleanor Roosevelt. After a public hearing in 1958, a "ribbon tying" ceremony was held to mark the inception of a trial period in which the park would be free of vehicular traffic. In August 1959, the efforts of Ms. Hayes and her allies paid off; from that time forward Washington Square Park has been completely closed to traffic. A plaque commemorating her tireless crusade can be seen in
3417-674: The perimeter fence with a taller fence, and flattening and shrinking the central plaza, the park's politically contested gathering space. The plan also called for felling dozens of mature trees and installing ornamental water plumes in the fountain. A spectrum of opponents had charged the mayor variously with privatizing the park and with social engineering park use, as part of a broader web of speculation schemes threatening nearby South Village and East Village communities and architecture. Five lawsuits were filed to challenge NYC Parks' renovation plans. In July 2006, New York County Supreme Court Justice Emily Jane Goodman enjoined any renovation work on
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#17327870803843484-422: The potter's field exist. Two eyewitnesses to the recorded hanging differed on the location of the gallows. One said it had been put up at a spot where the fountain was prior to 2007 park redesign. Others placed the gallows closer to where the arch is now. However, the cemetery was closed in 1825. To this day, the remains of more than 20,000 bodies rest under Washington Square. Excavations have found tombstones under
3551-633: The school's "Wall Street Division" served both full-time and currently employed students. The graduate school's first dean was appointed in 1921. By 1945, the school's enrollment was over 10,000 with graduates hailing from 36 countries and 48 states. In the 1960s, international business courses were introduced. The New York University, Graduate School of Business Administration, C.J. Devine Institute of Finance (1959–1966) published Finance and Investment bulletins related to International finance. The school awarded its first Doctor of Commercial Sciences degree in 1970. The School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance
3618-403: The school. The school offers Bachelor of Science in Business at the undergraduate level and Master of Business Administration degrees at the postgraduate level. The school is located on Gould Plaza next to the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and the economics department of the College of Arts and Sciences . Stern's alumni include former chair of the Federal Reserve of
3685-402: The section of University Place along the eastern side of the park. The proposal was highly controversial among local residents. NYC Parks first considered renovating the park in 2004, though the proposal was controversial. In 2005, the iconic fountain in the center of the park was officially named the Tisch Fountain following a $ 2.5 million donation. This change was met with some backlash from
3752-412: The undergraduate level of Stern was 1550 and 95% ranked within the top 10% of their high school's graduating class. The MBA program's admission rate is one of the lowest in the country at 15.7%. The admitted (full-time) MBA students' average Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) score was 720 with an undergraduate average GPA of 3.51. The Stern School announced it would join the programs accepting
3819-461: The university's Washington Square campus. In 1913, Jeanette Hamill, J.D., M.A., joined the school's Economics department, becoming its first female faculty member. In 1936, women comprised 15% of the total enrollment. The Graduate School of Business Administration was launched in 1916, and was housed in the NYU's School of Commerce's Wall Street branch. Located in New York's downtown business district,
3886-455: The use of public facilities by the public and, in 1947, began requiring permits before public performances could be given in any city park. In the spring of 1961, the new parks commissioner Newbold Morris refused a permit to the folksingers for their Sunday afternoon gatherings, because "the folksingers have been bringing too many undesirable [ beatnik ] elements into the park." On April 9, 1961, folk music pioneer Izzy Young , owner of
3953-476: The window of that crummy hotel over Washington Square." On September 27, 2007, Democratic Presidential candidate Barack Obama held a rally at Washington Square; 20,000 people registered for the event, and the crowds overflowed past security gates set up as a cordon. The New York Times described the rally "as one of the largest campaign events of the year." Washington Square Park has appeared in many popular films and television shows, including Barefoot in
4020-566: The world. Stern currently has multiple partner schools for this program in Singapore , Australia, China, Denmark, England, France, Hong Kong SAR , Italy, South Korea, Mexico, The Netherlands, Spain and Thailand. In 2005, Stern launched the Student Social Venture Fund, the first student-run venture philanthropy fund of its kind at a U.S. business school. In 2012, Professor James B. Rosenwald and his wife, Laura made
4087-715: Was cheaper than hiring local stonemasons. This, the stonecutters of the city said, was taking the bread out of their mouths. They held a rally in Washington Square Park, and then held the first labor march in the city. That turned into a riot, and the 27th New York regiment was called out to quell the stonecutters. The regiment camped in Washington Square for four days and nights until the excitement subsided. New York University continued their use of prison labor. On Labor Day September 2, 1912, approximately 20,000 workers (including 5,000 women) marched to
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#17327870803844154-437: Was modified in 1961. Part of the old loop was closed and replaced with turf, and a set of stanchions were installed around the remaining parts of the loop. In 1962, Manhattan borough president Edward R. Dudley announced plans to close off two vehicular roadways in Washington Square Park that were used by emergency vehicles, as well as the bus turnaround loop. This move would add 1.33 acres (0.54 ha) of parkland. As part of
4221-543: Was nearby. By the mid-17th century, the land on each side of the Minetta was used as farm land by the Dutch. The Dutch gave the land, then outside the city limits (Wall Street) to Angolan residents of the colony, intending for their plots and settlement to serve as a buffer zone to Native Americans outside the settlement. In 1643, a group of "half-freed" slaves and elders such as Domingo Anthony, Manuel Trumpeter and Catalina Anthony, received land grants to build and maintain farms in
4288-439: Was renamed Leonard N. Stern School of Business. In 1992, Stern's new $ 68 million state-of-the-art facility, now known as Kaufman Management Center, was inaugurated. In 1998, a $ 10 million gift from Henry Kaufman (PhD 1958) supported an expansion and upgrading of Stern's facilities. Investment banker and Home Depot investor Kenneth Langone (MBA 1960) donated $ 10 million to Stern in 1999. The Langone MBA for Working Professionals
4355-1012: Was renamed in his honor. Celebrating its 100th birthday in the year 2000, Stern launched a $ 100 million centennial campaign. Peter Blair Henry became dean of the school in January 2010. In 2010, the 84,500-square-foot (7,850 m ) renovation of the three Stern School of Business buildings, known as the Stern Concourse Project, was completed. This project was fully funded by donors, alumni and corporate partners. NYU Stern Westchester offers its Langone MBA for Working Professionals in Purchase, New York , at SUNY Purchase . As of October 2022, 2,865 students were enrolled in Stern's undergraduate program and 2,735 were enrolled in its Master of Business Administration (MBA) program. There are 455 faculty, which includes tenured, tenure-track, clinical, visiting and adjunct faculty. Stern offers
4422-545: Was renamed the College of Business and Public Administration in 1972. In the same year, Tisch Hall, designed by Philip Johnson and Richard Foster in a similar style as Bobst Library and Meyer Hall, opened at 40 West Fourth Street to house the undergraduate college. In 1988, a $ 30 million gift from the school's alumnus Leonard N. Stern (BS 1957; MBA 1959) allowed the school to consolidate its graduate and undergraduate facilities at NYU's Washington Square campus. The school
4489-415: Was sent into the park, attacked civilians with billy clubs , and arrested 10 people. The incident made the front pages of newspapers as far away as Washington, DC. The New York Mirror initially reported it as a "Beatnik Riot", but retracted the headline in the next edition, although tensions remained for a while. The bus-turnaround loop at the northern end of the park, surrounding Washington Square Arch,
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