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48-514: The party is socially conservative and economically liberal , and also has a strong association with the evangelical Universal Church of the Kingdom of God . As the PRB, it was the party of former Vice President of Brazil José Alencar , where it was part of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's government. While it also supported Dilma Rousseff until her impeachment , it was one of the closest allies of

96-623: A Uniform Civil Code (which is also a directive under Article 44 of the Constitution of India ) for members of all religions, over the current scheme of different personal laws for different religions. For instance, polygamy is legal for Muslims in India, but not Hindus. There are several socially conservative Muslim organisations in India, ranging from groups such as the Indian Union Muslim League which aim to promote

144-408: A plebiscite on the matter. Federal Coalition MPs who opposed same-sex marriage during the debate included former Prime Minister Tony Abbott , Peter Dutton , Scott Morrison and many others. However, when the plebiscite was successful (with 61.6% in favour), a vote needed to be held in both chambers of Parliament . The Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017 was tabled in

192-567: A welfare state as practised by some European conservatives (e.g. one-nation conservatives in the United Kingdom , Gaullists in France ). Some social conservatives support free trade and laissez faire market approaches to economic and fiscal issues, but social conservatives may also support economic intervention where the intervention serves moral or cultural aims. Historian Jon Wiener has described social conservatism as historically

240-670: A 2023 state-wide ban on gay conversion therapy , whilst also vowing to protect religious freedom and preaching . During the Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey of 2018, which successfully sought to legalise same-sex marriage in Australia, the Coalition government led by Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull allowed its members a conscience vote on the issue. While many (including Turnbull) were in favour, some were opposed, but supported holding

288-552: A University Hospital, a veterinary hospital, a restaurant and the Fazenda Água Limpa, a clean water farm just outside Brasilía; where forestry, agricultural and ecological research is undertaken on the university’s behalf. Relying on exchange programmes and networking with international organisations and post-secondary institutions, UnB administration and the Advisory Committee for International Affairs are positing it to

336-584: A farm in the outskirts of the Federal District where ecological, agricultural and forestry research is conducted. The university hosts: The university runs 115 community outreach projects, offering a total of 438 courses and events. Involving the direct participation of 240 professors and 65,132 students, these activities reach nearly 185,000 people in the Federal District and surrounding region in Goiás and Minas Gerais . Outreach activities include

384-528: A leadership team consisting of both a member of the more centrist Moderate faction and a member of the Right. Social conservatives in Australia often need to take a broad church stance while governing. For example, former New South Wales Liberal Party leader and state premier, Dominic Perrottet , a conservative Catholic , despite having voted against legalising same-sex marriage in 2018 and opposing abortion , followed Labor leader Chris Minns ' in supporting

432-498: A manifesto adopting a resolutely socially conservative position defending Christian values, the traditional family and private property. The party leader as of 2024 was Marcos Pereira . The party's most important members are Bishop Marcelo Crivella , Rio de Janeiro senator and nephew of Universal's founder Bishop Edir Macedo , journalist Celso Russomanno and former Vice-President José Alencar . Famous football player Ronaldinho, also known as Ronaldo de Assis Moreira , joined

480-492: A scale from 1 to 7) in the annual CAPES assessment, including its courses in anthropology , mathematics, geology, economics, law, among others. Its programs in economics, international relations and political science are ranked first among public universities in the country. The University of Brasília has been ranked one of the top five public universities in Brazil by Editora Abril 's Guia do Estudante . It ranks eighth in

528-532: Is nativism , and it sees Hinduism as a national identity, rather than a religious one. Due to an inclination towards nativism , much of its platform is based on the belief that Islamic and Christian denominations in India are the result of occupations, and, therefore, these groups should be uprooted from the Indian subcontinent by converting their members back to Hinduism . In terms of political positions, Hindu social conservatives in India seek to institutionalize

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576-583: Is a federal public university in Brasília , the capital of Brazil. It was founded in 1960 and has since consistently been named among the top five Brazilian universities and the top fifteen universities in South America by Times Higher Education (THE). Created under the utopian vision of educator Anísio Teixeira and anthropology professor Darcy Ribeiro in 1962, the University of Brasília (UnB)

624-691: Is a right-wing political ideology that opposes social progressivism . It is centered on the preservation of what adherents often call 'traditional' or ' family values ', though the accepted aims of the movement often vary amongst the organisations it comprises, making it hard to generalise about ideological preferences. There are, however, a number of general principles to which at least a majority of social conservatives adhere, such as opposition to abortion and opposition to same-sex marriage . Sociologist Harry F. Dahms suggests that Christian doctrinal conservatives (anti-abortion, anti-same-sex marriage) and gun-use conservatives (such as supporters and members of

672-715: Is a "terrible evil," that Catholics are "demonic", that African religions are based on "evil spirits," and that Hindus drink their children's blood. He has since tried to distance himself from the book, saying that it was the work of a young, immature missionary. Social conservatism Social conservatism is a political philosophy and a variety of conservatism which places emphasis on traditional social structures over social pluralism . Social conservatives organize in favor of duty , traditional values and social institutions , such as traditional family structures , gender roles , sexual relations , national patriotism , and religious traditions . Social conservatism

720-1161: Is located in the centre of Brazil’s capital city, on the banks of the Paranoá Lake. There are four campuses: the Darcy Ribeiro campus (regarded as the UnB’s nucleus), the Ceilândia, Gama and Planaltina campuses. Oscar Niemeyer, one of Modernism’s most feted architects, designed UnB’s main building, the Central Institute of Sciences and was also a key player in the university’s founding. Its strengths lie in its economics, international affairs and political science courses but its general teaching, research and outreach programs have made it one of Brazil’s most well respected universities. Comprising 26 faculties and schools, with 18 specialised research centres, there are over 105 undergraduate programs, some of which are evening or distance learning-based. It also offers 147 graduate degree programs and 22 specialist programs. UnB also boasts

768-582: Is not as prominent in the public sphere as in the United States . It is prevalent in all areas of the country but is seen as being more prominent in rural areas. It is also a significant influence on the ideological and political culture of the western provinces of Manitoba , Saskatchewan , Alberta , and British Columbia . Compared to social conservatism in the United States , social conservatism has not been as influential in Canada. The main reason

816-485: Is related to China's low birth rate problem. Most Muslim countries are somewhat more socially conservative (such as Tajikistan and Malaysia ) than neighbouring countries that are not Muslim. However, due to their interpretation of Islamic law also known as Shariah, they have some differences from social conservatism as understood in the nations of West Europe, North America and Oceania. The Arab world has recently been more conservative in social and moral issues due to

864-769: Is supported by the Technological and Scientific Initiation Program (PIBIC) and the Special Training Program (PET), which also offers scholarships to gifted undergraduates. Among other federal and state agencies, programs are funded by CNPq , CAPES , the Research and Projects Funding Program (FINEP), the Technological and Scientific Development Support Program (PADCT) and the Federal District Research Support Foundation (FAPDF). Other organisations active in

912-470: Is that the neoconservative style of politics as promoted by leaders such as former Prime Ministers such as Paul Martin and Stephen Harper have focused on fiscal conservatism , with little or no emphasis on moral or social conservatism. Without a specific, large political party behind them, social conservatives have divided their votes and can be found in all political parties. Social conservatives often felt that they were being sidelined by officials in

960-451: Is that traditional conservatism is broader and includes philosophical considerations, whereas social conservatism is largely focused on just moralism . There is overlap between social conservatism and paleoconservatism , in that they both support and value traditional social forms. Social conservatism is not to be confused with economically interventionist conservatism, where conservative ideas are combined with Keynesian economics and

1008-463: Is usually skeptical of social change, instead tending to support the status quo concerning social issues. Social conservatives also value the rights of religious institutions to participate in the public sphere, thus often supporting government-religious endorsement and opposing state atheism , and in some cases opposing secularism . Social conservatism, as a movement, is largely an outgrowth of traditionalist conservatism . The key difference

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1056-510: The Arab spring . Hindu social conservatism in India in the twenty first century has developed into an influential movement, represented in the political arena by the right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party . Hindu social conservatism, also known as the Hindutva movement, is spearheaded by the voluntary non-governmental organization Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh . The core philosophy of this ideology

1104-896: The Bolsonaro government . The party was founded in August 2005 as the Municipalist Renovator Party by pastors of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God . Lula's Vice President José Alencar moved to PRB on 2005 after leaving the Liberal Party . In March 2006, the party was renamed the Brazilian Republican Party. The Brazilian Republican Party first fought against President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, then rallied behind him after his re-election in 2006. According to one study,

1152-769: The Kuomintang led the New Life Movement . After the Chinese Communist Revolution , social conservatism in China increased due to the rise of New Confucianism and others after the 1970s to 1980s during the Chinese economic reform . CCP general secretary Xi Jinping has adopted a more conservative social view since he began his third leadership in 2022. He reflects traditional and patriarchal views of women in speeches and policies. This

1200-772: The National Rifle Association of America (NRA)) form two domains of ideology within American social conservatism. The Republican Party is the largest United States political party with socially conservative ideals incorporated into its platform. Other socially conservative parties include the American Solidarity Party , the Constitution Party and the Prohibition Party . Social conservatives are strongest in

1248-687: The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada and its leadership of so-called " Red Tories " for the last half of the twentieth century and therefore many eventually made their political home with parties such as the Social Credit Party of Canada and the Reform Party of Canada . Despite the Reform Party being dominated by social conservatives, leader Preston Manning , seeking greater national support for

1296-540: The Senate and was subsequently passed in the House of Representatives , with just three votes against (excluding the members who abstained). Due to their respective electorates delivering a majority "yes" vote (as well as the entire country), members such as Dutton (who voted "no" in the plebiscite) voted in favour of the bill after his seat of Dickson voted 65.16% in favour. In Canada, social conservatism, though widespread,

1344-645: The United Australia Party (UAP) and Katter's Australian Party (KAP) amongst others. Nevertheless, the National Right (also known as the "Conservative" faction or the "Right" faction) serves as the party's social conservative faction, although the party is still considered a broad church conservative party and factions do collaborate with each other; for example, the New South Wales Liberal Party often chooses

1392-642: The Universal Church of the Kingdom of God (UCKG), a neo-charismatic church that is organized like a business enterprise, has used the party as a base for its bishops to run for political office. According to the emeritus professor of political sciences from the University of Brasília , David Fleischer , "The PRB is an evangelical party." Several members, such as Celso Russomanno, are Catholic. Several leading members, such as Edir Macedo and Marcelo Crivella, have expressed statements of Christian fundamentalism and religious intolerance. A UN report accused members of

1440-597: The communitarian movement in the United States. Mainstream conservatism in Australia generally incorporates liberalism , hence liberal conservatism being the primary ideology of the major centre-right coalition in Australia, the Liberal - National Coalition . Therefore, the Coalition, while having members with some socially conservative views, is not considered socially conservative. However, both social conservatism and right-wing populism are present among right-wing minor parties, such as Pauline Hanson's One Nation ,

1488-676: The Brazilian Republican Party supported the candidate of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party, Geraldo Alckmin . Afterwards the party started to switch its support to President Jair Bolsonaro , reflecting their strong ideological affinity. For the 2022 Brazilian general election , the Republicans formed a coalition with the Liberal Party (PL) and the Progressives (PP) in order to support Jair Bolsonaro's 2022 presidential campaign . Candidates launched by

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1536-880: The Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) support most of these courses, offering scholarships and research grants. Distance education is an expanding activity in UnB, being managed by the Center for Open, Continuous and Long Distance Education (CEAD) and the School of Education. The United Nations Educational, Social and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) sponsors the Long Distance Education chair at UnB. Several of University of Brasília's graduate programs have been graded 6 and 7 (in

1584-873: The Future with Art, Culture and Sport (FACE) program; the Community Initiatives Advisory Program (PRATICOM); the Program for Worker and Trade Union Leadership Training (PROSINT); the Rural Development Program and the Model Office for Legal Assistance. University members also offer consulting and assistance to the Community Health Training Program (PACs). More than 260 research-groups work in more than 400 laboratories. This research

1632-473: The PRB was supportive of the Lula da Silva and Rousseff presidencies “on the basis of their concern for social democracy and for eliminating inequality.” However, later the PRB started to join the new rising wave of conservativism and anti- petism in Brazil and all of the PRB's deputies voted in favor of Dilma's impeachment . They then supported the government of Michel Temer . In the 2018 presidential election,

1680-523: The Republicans had their image heavily associated and sometimes were endorsed by Bolsonaro. In August 2019, the Brazilian Republican Party changed its name into Republicanos. Justifying as "the name change reinforces the reformulation of the party's program and statutes... consolidating its position as a party conservative in customs and liberal in the economy”, seeking to emulate the American Republican Party . The name change came with

1728-830: The South, where they are a mainstream political force with aspirations to translate those ideals using the party platform nationally. Supporters of social conservatism played a major role in the political coalitions of Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush . There are also social conservative movements in many other parts of the world, such as Latin America , Eastern Europe , the Balkans , the Caucasus , Central Europe , Mediterranean countries , Southeast Asia , and Oceania . University of Bras%C3%ADlia The University of Brasília ( Portuguese : Universidade de Brasília , UnB )

1776-664: The UCKG of verbal and physical attacks on members of the Umbanda and Candomblé religions. Macedo considered participating in presidential elections in order to transform Brazil into a theocratic state. As mayor of Rio de Janeiro , Crivella called the Carnival of Rio de Janeiro an "un-Christian excess" and ordered severe financial cuts for the organisers. Furthermore, he is known for statements of religious intolerance. In his 1999 book Evangelizing Africa , he claimed that homosexuality

1824-475: The country UnB offers 114 courses recognized by the Ministry of Education . The University of Brasília Foundation was founded on December 15, 1961. Professor Darcy Ribeiro , who became its first leader, was one of the most enthusiastic supporters of its creation. Architect Oscar Niemeyer designed its main building, the 700 m long Instituto Central de Ciências (ICC), nicknamed Minhocão . The institution

1872-546: The list of the best universities in the country. UnB is located in the Brasília administrative region of the Federal District of Brazil, on the northwestern bank of Paranoá Lake . Most of its buildings were designed in a modernist architecture style. UnB's Central Library owns the largest archive in Centerwestern Brazil. It maintains a university restaurant, as well as Fazenda Água Limpa,

1920-505: The party in March 2018. In 2022, it had 495,136 members. In 2012, 80% of its members were Catholic and 20% evangelical, including six from the universal Church. Defunct The party defines itself as " Socially conservative but economically liberal ", defending Christian values, the traditional family and private property. The party aligned itself with Jair Bolsonaro during his government from 2018 to 2022 . Some commentators say that

1968-511: The party, was reluctant for the party to wholly embrace socially conservative values. This led to his deposition as leader of the party (now called Canadian Alliance ) in favor of social conservative Stockwell Day . The party's successor, the Conservative Party of Canada , despite having a number of socially conservative members and cabinet ministers, has chosen so far not to focus on socially conservative issues in its platform. This

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2016-614: The preservation of Indian Muslim culture as a part of the nation's identity and history. Social conservatism had an important place in Apartheid South Africa ruled by the National Party . Pornography, gambling and other activities that were deemed undesirable were severely restricted. The majority of businesses were forbidden from doing business on Sunday . Social conservatism in the United States

2064-700: The research area are the International Center for Condensed Matter Physics (CIFMC), the cbsp.unb.br [Brazilian Center for Protein Sequencing (CBSP)], the Center for Maintenance of Equipment (CME) and the university Herbarium. The Technological Development Center (CDT) works to integrate the University to the business world, maintaining a small business start-up program and other types of consulting assistance to business. The Continuing Evaluation Program ( Portuguese : Programa de Avaliação Seriada ) evaluates high school students interested in enrolling on

2112-583: The result of an appeal from " elitist preservationists " to lower-class workers to 'protect' wealth from immigration. Many social conservatives support a balance between protectionism and a free market . This concern for material welfare, like advocacy of traditional mores , will often have a basis in religion. Examples include the Christian Social Union of Bavaria , the Family First Party and Katter's Australian Party , and

2160-449: The world as one of the best universities in Brazil. It admits undergraduate and post-graduate students via an yearly entrance exam, known in Brazil as vestibular and through ENEM and is most renowned for its courses in economics, international affairs , law, anthropology , mathematics and political science . Its Central Library is home to Midwestern Brazil's largest archive and is used by research and federal employees from all over

2208-452: Was created on April 21, 1962 by educator Anísio Teixeira and anthropologist professor Darcy Ribeiro . As of 2010, it employed 1,757 faculty and 2,391 servants, and had over 30,000 graduate and undergraduate students. Each semester, the University of Brasília accepts nearly 2,000 incoming students for its 61 undergraduate programs. On the graduate level, the university offers 49 master's degrees and 27 doctoral programs. The university

2256-408: Was most recently exemplified on two occasions in 2012 when the current Conservative Party of Canada declared they had no intention to repeal same-sex marriage or abortion laws. Chiang Kai-shek , a former president of Republic of China , could be seen as a social conservative who was critical of liberal values and defended the union of Confucian traditions and modernism . Under his rule,

2304-703: Was one of the first in Brazil to admit students via Programa de Avaliação Seriada (PAS), an alternative evaluation which tests high school students once a year bypassing vestibular . Each semester, the University of Brasília accepts nearly 2,000 incoming students from a pool of approximately 25,000 candidates for its 61 daytime or evening undergraduate programs. At the graduate level, the university offers 56 master's programs and 31 doctorate programs. It also offers advanced non-degree programs, many of them conducted in other Brazilian States, such as Bahia , Amazonas, Rondônia, Goiás and Rio Grande do Norte . The Technological and Scientific Development National Council (CNPq) and

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