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67-554: The S-400 Triumf (Russian: C-400 Триумф – Triumf; translation: Triumph ; NATO reporting name : SA-21 Growler ), previously known as the S-300 PMU-3 , is a mobile surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed in the 1990s by Russia's NPO Almaz as an upgrade to the S-300 family of missiles. The S-400 was approved for service on 28 April 2007 and the first battalion of the systems assumed combat duty on 6 August 2007. The system

134-451: A 40-kilometre (25 mi) range. The 92N6E (or 92N2E) is a multi-functional radar with a 340-kilometre (210 mi) range, which can track 20 targets. The 5P85TE2 transporter-erector-launcher and the 5P85SE2 on a trailer (up to 12 launchers) are used for launch. The 48N6E , 48N6E2 , 48N6E3 , 48N6DM , 9M96E , 9M96E2 , and the ultra-long-range 40N6E missiles have been authorized by a Russian presidential decree. Optional elements of

201-429: A BAZ-64022 or MAZ-543 M tractor-trailer. A new type of transporter was introduced in 2014 to improve mobility while reducing fuel consumption. The cost of transporters in 2014 is 8.7 million rubles. The MAZ launcher chassis are reportedly of higher quality than the domestic equivalent. One system comprising eight divizion (battalions) can control 72 launchers, with a maximum of 384 missiles (including missiles with

268-788: A Newsweek report, visual confirmation and satellite mapping confirmed that Russia lost fifteen air defence systems in Crimea, including missile launchers, power supply units and radar stations to Ukrainian ATACMS and drone strikes. On 2 August 2024, Ukraine struck four Russian S-400 surface-to-air missile systems in Crimea. According to CNN news, four S-400 systems were severely damaged by the Ukrainian attacks. On 24 November 2024, Ukraine struck one Russian S-400 surface-to-air missile systems in Kursk region. The S-400 missile launchers were targeted by U.S.-made ATACMS missile. In 2011 State Secretary of

335-640: A Ukrainian SAM battery. This claimed downing of an A-50 was further claimed to leave the Russian air force with just two serviceable A-50s. As of 15 January 2024 , the Kremlin had neither confirmed nor denied the downing of an A-50. Open source analysts later identified that the aircraft lost was A-50U "37 red" of the 610th Center for Combat Use and Retraining of Military Transport Aviation Flight Personnel (610th CBP i PLS), based at Ivanovo Severny . On 23 February 2024, Ukrainian official sources claimed

402-672: A bomber aircraft refers to the Tupolev Tu-95 , or "Fulcrum" for the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29 fighter aircraft. For fixed-wing aircraft, one-syllable names are used for propeller aircraft and two-syllable names for aircraft with jet engines. This distinction is not made for helicopters. Before the 1980s, reporting names for submarines were taken from the NATO spelling alphabet . Modifications of existing designs were given descriptive terms, such as " Whiskey Long Bin ". From

469-499: A distance of 400 kilometres (250 mi; 220 nmi). Development work on a modernized version, the A-50U, began in 2003; state tests started on 10 September 2008, using a Russian Air Force A-50 "37 Red" as a prototype. It replaces analog avionics with a new digital avionics suite, made by NPO Vega, that speeds data processing and improves signal tracking and target detection. Crew rest, toilet and galley facilities are also included in

536-549: A drone attack and damaged a Russian A-50 at the Machulishchy air base near Minsk , Belarus. The attacked base also hosts MiG-31 fighters used to attack Ukraine. However, satellite imagery of the Machulishchy air base from 28 February showed no significant damage to the sole A-50 located there. The drone operators posted a video of a practice run of the alleged A-50U bombing on YouTube on 2 March 2023, which shows

603-1138: A missile launcher of S-400 system in Belgorod region. In late October 2023, Russian sources claimed that the S-400 was used in conjunction with the Beriev A-50 flying radar to shoot at Ukrainian air targets with new warheads of anti-aircraft guided missiles. On 9 November 2023, the UK MoD intelligence assessment indicated that due to the destruction of "several" Russian S-400s in Ukraine, Russia may have to redeploy S-400 systems from "distant parts" of Russia's borders to Ukraine. On 19 April 2024, Ukraine launched ATACMS missiles at Russian military airfield in Crimea and destroyed Russia's S-400 launchers, three radars and Fundament-M air surveillance system. On 23 April 2024, Ukraine's Tivaz Artillery Battery launched American-made HIMARS at Russia's S-400 missile system's 92N2 radar and 96L6 high-altitude radar and destroyed both of

670-522: A naval base in the port of Tartus , 85 km (53 mi) to the south near the port of Latakia . Considering the engagement range advertised by the Russians, the S-400 could have engaged Israeli aircraft but did not. Neither Russian fighter jets nor the S-400 systems attempted to intercept the Israeli aircraft. It is widely believed that Russia and Israel have an agreement that Israel will guarantee

737-485: A new Vega Premier active electronically scanned array radar. It has been announced by Rostec that production of the A-50U will restart in 2024. However, it is likely that production resumption will be delayed for a few years. The aircraft entered service with the 67th Independent Aviation Squadron, Long-Range Airborne Surveillance (67 OAE DRLO) (в/ч 32457) in 1984 at Šiauliai in Lithuanian SSR . The unit

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804-426: A range of 1,000 kilometres (620 mi; 540 nmi) from its base, at a maximum takeoff weight of 190 metric tons (420,000 lb). The aircraft can be refuelled by Il-78 tankers. The radar "Vega-M" is designed by MNIIP, Moscow, and produced by NPO Vega . The "Vega-M" can track up to 150 targets simultaneously within 230 kilometres (140 mi; 120 nmi). Large targets, like surface ships, can be tracked at

871-410: A range of less than 250 km [160 mi]). A gas system launches missiles from launch tubes. At 30 metres (98 ft) downrange rocket motor ignition activates. In April 2015, a successful test firing of the missile was conducted at an airborne target at a range of 400 km (250 mi); Transporter Erector Launchers (TELs) carrying the long-range 40N6 may only hold two missiles instead of

938-658: A second S-400 unit was activated 13 km (8.1 mi) northwest of Masyaf , Hama Governorate . Although these systems are located in Syria, they are under the command of the Russian military and not the Syrian (nor Iranian ) military, making the Russian government liable if used against another state (that is, its use would be considered an attack by Russia rather than Syria). On 22 May 2018 Israeli Air Force commander Major General Amikam Norkin reported that Israel became

1005-516: A video of two alleged elements of an S-400 battery being destroyed in Olenivka , Crimea, 120 km (75 mi) south of Kherson, by a barrage of Ukrainian missiles. Ukrainian forces, according to Ukrainian media, used a R-360 Neptune and a drone to destroy the missile’s radar. On 14 September 2023, Ukraine claimed to have destroyed a Russian S-400’s radar near Yevpatoria , Crimea. On 4 October 2023, Ukrainian kamikaze drone destroyed one radar and

1072-589: A watch for "stray" cruise missiles." In late December 2015, the A-50 started operations over Syria, flying from Russia, to support Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War . In December 2018, it was deployed to Crimea. On 26 February 2023, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine , the Association of Security Forces of Belarus (BYPOL) , a partisan group, reported that it had conducted

1139-599: Is a Soviet -origin airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft that is based on the Ilyushin Il-76 transport plane. Developed to replace the Tupolev Tu-126 "Moss" , the A-50 first flew in 1978. Its existence was revealed to the Western Bloc in 1978 by Adolf Tolkachev . It entered service in 1985, with about 40 produced by 1992. The mission personnel of the 15-man crew derive data from

1206-558: Is complemented by its successor, the S-500 . The development of the S-400 began in the early 1980s to replace the S-200 missile system, but was rejected by a state commission due to high cost and inability to address the threat of cruise missiles. In the late 1980s, the programme was revived in under the codename Triumf as a system capable of engaging aircraft at long range plus cruise missiles and stealth aircraft. The Soviet government approved

1273-512: Is deployed on combat duty in the Russian far east city of Nakhodka . As of 2012, one system (in Electrostal) was operational, with three more S-400 battalions being deployed. All 56 battalions will be delivered by 2020. Russia plans to recommission the Kirov -class battlecruiser Admiral Nakhimov in 2023. Plans called for the installation of the 48N6DMK anti-aircraft missile derived from

1340-746: Is managed by the Five Eyes Air Force Interoperability Council (AFIC), previously known as the Air Standardization Coordinating Committee (ASCC), which is separate from NATO . Based in Washington DC, AFIC comprises representatives from the militaries of three NATO members (Canada, the United Kingdom and United States) and two non-NATO countries (Australia and New Zealand). When the system was introduced in

1407-506: Is sub-optimal. The RLM-S and RLM-D have better elevation-tracking accuracy than the RLM-M, and the Nebo-M should be capable of producing high-quality tracks suitable for mid-course guidance of modern surface-to-air missiles and trajectory guidance of legacy SAMs. The Gamma-C1E SHF mobile radar station has a 300-kilometre (190 mi) detection range. The Nebo-M VHF mobile radar station and

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1474-504: Is the only base using the A-50 operationally (it operates 16 aircraft). The fourth A-50U, "41 Taganrog", was delivered to the Russian Aerospace Forces on 7 March 2017. The fifth A-50U, "45 Red", was delivered on 6 December 2018. Eight A-50U aircraft have been delivered as of September 2023 . The A-50U upgrade forms the basis of the concept for Beriev A-100 AEW&C. Its configuration will be similar, but with

1541-601: Is used to control the system. According to the Almaz-Antey product brochure, the 92N6E multi-function radar acts as the primary radar with an actual detection range of 340 km. An interceptor missile is highly dependent on 92N6E multi-function radar rather than Nebo-SVU high-altitude VHF radar. The 91N6E panoramic radar has a declared targeting range of 150 km (93 mi) Maximum targeting ranges (detection ranges are wider) are: The 96L6 high-altitude detector (TSBS) radar and equipment operates independently of

1608-575: The 30K6E administration system, which can coordinate eight divizions (battalions). The 55K6E is a command and control center based on the Ural-5323 01 vehicle. The 91N6E is a panoramic radar detection system with a 340 km (210 mi) range and protection against jamming, and is mounted on an MZKT-7930 vehicle. Six battalions of 98ZH6E surface-to-air missile systems (an independent combat system) can track no more than six targets on their own, with an additional two battalions if they are within

1675-444: The 96L6E low-level radar detector. The 96L6E2 export version can track a maximum of 20 targets, and is resistant to false returns of clutter in mountainous terrain. It can perform the functions of a command post for battalions of S-300 (SA20/20A/20B) or S-400. The 96L6-1 serves as command of S-400 and S-500 batteries. Missiles are launched from 5P85TE2 self-propelled launchers or 5P85SE2 trailer launchers operating in conjunction with

1742-485: The Diaoyu Islands . Taiwan plans countermeasures using signals intelligence units to locate and destroy S-400 systems before they can be used. In late 2017 Turkish and Russian officials signed a US$ 2.5 billion agreement for delivery of the S-400 air defense system to Turkey . The US Secretary of State raised concerns over the deal, which were rebuffed by President Erdogan and other Turkish officials, citing

1809-565: The Polyana-D4М1 command post; fighter-aircraft command post, and mobile long-range radars. The system's VHF component provides sector search-and-tracking, with the X- and L-band components providing fine-tracking capability. Good placement of the radars relative to the threat axis enables the L- and X-band components to illuminate the incoming target from angles where the target radar cross-section (RCS)

1876-534: The Union State of Russia and Belarus Pavel Borodin stated that Russia will supply the S-400 air defense system to Belarus . On 1 December 2021 Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko , in response to a reporter's question, replied that a Belarusian training center already has S-400 systems. The president said: "Yes. We train our guys in this training center. I'd like to ask the president [of Russia] to leave this system here." In May 2022 Lukashenko further announced

1943-608: The air campaign conducted by the Russian forces in support of the Syrian government . However, those claims were refuted by Russia. On 25 November 2015 the Russian government announced it would deploy S-400s in Syria as a response to the downing of its Su-24M jet by Turkey. By the next day, deployment of S-400 air defense systems to Syria was underway. The first S-400 unit was activated at the Khmeimim Air Base in Latakia Governorate . In April and July 2017

2010-484: The 1950s, reporting names also implicitly designated potentially hostile aircraft. However, since the end of the Cold War, some NATO air forces have operated various aircraft types with reporting names (e.g. the "Fulcrum" Mikoyan MiG-29 ). The United States Department of Defense (DOD) expands on the NATO reporting names in some cases. NATO refers to surface-to-air missile systems mounted on ships or submarines with

2077-606: The 1980s, new designs were given names derived from Russian words, such as " Akula ", or "shark". These names did not correspond to the Soviet names. Coincidentally, "Akula", which was assigned to an attack submarine by NATO, was the actual Soviet name for the ballistic missile submarine NATO named " Typhoon-class ". The NATO names for submarines of the People's Republic of China are taken from Chinese dynasties . Beriev A-50 The Beriev A-50 ( NATO reporting name : Mainstay )

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2144-960: The Mospyne airbase. On 23 May 2024, Ukrainian forces launched multiple ATACMS missiles at Russian position in Donetsk region destroying 96L6 radar and at least two of the launchers. On 30 May 2024, the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) destroyed a Russian Nebo-SVU long-range VHF surveillance radar system in Crimea. The Nebo-SVU is surveillance radar deployed as part of the S-400 missile system. Russians have been reported to use reprogrammed S-400 missiles to launch ballistic ground-to-ground attacks. In such an attack on 13 December 2023 out of 10 missiles fired at Kyiv, all were supposedly downed, but falling debris still caused some damage in residential regions. The missiles were most likely reprogrammed 48N6. On 3 June 2024, Ukrainian forces destroyed for

2211-513: The NATO names, preferring a native Russian nickname. An exception was that Soviet airmen appreciated the MiG-29 's codename "Fulcrum", as an indication of its pivotal role in Soviet air defence. To reduce the risk of confusion, unusual or made-up names are allocated, the idea being that the names chosen are unlikely to occur in normal conversation and are easier to memorise. For fixed-wing aircraft,

2278-709: The Protivnik, with a 400-kilometre (250 mi) range Orion for a target-designation on-the-air defense system, and the Avtobaza-M and Orion+ Avtobaza add high-precision detection. The 1RL220BE versions were reportedly used for jamming. The 400-kilometre (250 mi)-range S-200D Dubna (SA-5c) missiles and S-300 P-family radar systems can be used without additional command-and-control centers. S-300 (SA-20A, SA-20B) missiles may also be guided. A-50 and A-50U aircraft provide early warning and command-and-control target designation. The 30К6Е control system can be integrated with

2345-520: The Resonance-NE radar station have a detection range of 400 kilometres (250 mi), and 40 kilometres (25 mi) to an altitude of 500 metres (1,600 ft). All Nebo-family locators are doubled for army air defense. During the 1970s, the long-range mobile UHF 5H87, and SHF 5H69 low-altitude locators were used. A goal of the 1980s was detection at an altitude of 10 metres (33 ft) at a distance of 40 km (25 mi). The Elbrus-90 computer

2412-625: The S-300 systems in the northwest of Russia with the S-400. Military experts expect Russia's use of the system as a major component of their ballistic missile defense until 2020. In September 2006 Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov announced the purchase of 18 S-400 battalions for internal defense for the period 2007–2015. The Baltic Fleet in Kaliningrad received S-400 SAM systems which went into operational status in April 2012. One S-400 divizion

2479-431: The S-400 (98ZH6E) include the 15I6ME–98ZH6E, which extends coverage 30, 60, and 90 km (19, 38, and 57 mi) from that provided by the 30K6E. The 96L6E has a 300-kilometre (190 mi) detection range. The 40B6M is housing for the 92N6E or 96L6E radar. The Protivnik-GE is an anti-stealth UHF radar with a 400-kilometre (250 mi) range. The Moscow-1 passive sensor is 2 + 1 ⁄ 2 times more effective than

2546-819: The S-400 Triumf 98ZH6E system; the S-300PMU2 (through the 83М6Е2 control system); the S-300PMU1 (through the 83М6Е control system); the Tor-M1 through the Ranzhir-M battery-command post; the Pantsir-S1 through the lead battery vehicle. The Protivnik-GE and Gamma-DE radars, integrated with the 92H6E radar system, enables communication between each battery with Baikal-E senior command posts and similar types; nearby 30К6Е, 83М6Е and 83М6Е2 administration systems;

2613-508: The Taganrog Beriev Aviation Scientific and Technical Complex where the A-50 are repaired suffered damage overnight from March 8-March 9, 2024, possibly from a Ukrainian drone strike. Data from Worldwide Equipment Guide – Volume 2: Airspace and Air Defense Systems , United States Army Training and Doctrine Command, p. 3-44 General characteristics Performance Armament 2x 23 mm cannons at

2680-876: The Truimf programme on 22 August 1991, but the collapse of the Soviet Union put development into limbo. It was announced by the Russian Air Force in January 1993. On 12 February 1999 successful tests were reported at Kapustin Yar in Astrakhan , and the S-400 was scheduled for deployment by the Russian army in 2001. The S-400 was officially revived on 7 July 1999, albeit as a modernization of the S-300PM rather than an S-200 replacement. Alexander Lemanskiy of Almaz-Antey

2747-548: The US imposed CAATSA sanctions on Turkey. As of 2020, 4 batteries consisting of 36 fire units and 192 or more missiles were delivered to Turkey. Turkey has tested the S-400 air defense system against drones and F-16 fighter jets at low altitudes. According to Turkish media, the Turkish military has identified some deficiencies against a slow-moving object at low altitude. NATO reporting name The assignment of reporting names

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2814-563: The US refusal to sell the upgraded MIM-104 Patriot to Turkey, considered to be an important American ally by the US. Turkey received its first installment of the Russian S-400 missile defense system on 12 July 2019. On 17 July 2019, Turkey was suspended from the F-35 program, the US stating "F-35 cannot coexist with a Russian intelligence collection platform that will be used to learn about its advanced capabilities" and on 14 December 2020,

2881-651: The West supplying modern fighter jets such as the F-16 . The aircraft may also be integrated with the ground based S-400 missile systems. Ukrainian forces claimed to have shot down an A-50 over the Sea of Azov on 14 January 2024 while it was on duty in the Kyrylivka area. The A-50 reportedly disappeared from radar and stopped responding to requests from tactical aviation. Later several Western and Ukrainian sources reported that

2948-520: The air defense formation in Russia's Novosibirsk Oblast . TASS also reported that as of the end of 2015, a total of eleven Russian missile regiments were armed with S-400, and by the end of 2016 their number was expected to increase to sixteen. It was reported in November 2015 that S-400s would be deployed to Syria along with the contingent of Russian troops and other military hardware in the course of

3015-535: The aircraft's close air support role. Transports have names starting with "C" (for "cargo"), resulting in names like "Condor" for the Antonov An-124 or "Candid" for the Ilyushin Il-76 . The initial letter of the name indicates the use of that equipment. The alphanumeric designations (eg AA-2) are assigned by the Department of Defense . The first letter indicates the type of aircraft, e.g., "Bear" for

3082-406: The country bought an undisclosed number of S-400 air defense missile systems. In March 2014, it was announced that Russian President Vladimir Putin had given authorization to sell the S-400 system to China . On 13 April 2015, the chief executive of the Russian state-run arms trader Rosoboronexport confirmed that China secured a contract for the purchase of the S-400 air defense system. Delivery of

3149-550: The downing of a second A-50U aircraft, over Krasnodar Krai , at 18:44 Ukraine local time. Ukrainian armed forces claim to have used a long-range S-200 system to shoot down the A-50 in the evening of 23 February over the Sea of Azov. According to Ukrainian sources, 10 Russians were killed on the plane, including five majors. The aircraft was later identified as A-50U "42 red" of the 610th CBP i PLS. Kyrylo Budanov claimed, as of February 2024, Russia had six operational A-50s. Also,

3216-549: The drone flying into Machulishchy unopposed, then landing on the A-50's rotodome. On 3 March 2023, the drone operators posted a second video showing a drone landing on the domed area on top of the fuselage just forward of the wings followed by a loss of video signal claimed to be due to the actual explosion. On 17 November 2023, the British Defence Ministry believes that it is "likely" Russian forces are updating their A-50 early warning aircraft in anticipation of

3283-615: The first country in the world to use the F-35I Adir in combat during recent clashes with Iran in Syria . In mid-2020, several media outlets, including Turkish media, questioned the combat capability of the S-400 air defense system. In late December 2021, the Israeli Air Force flew military jets over areas protected by S-400 and Pantsir SAM in Syria and bombed Iran-backed Hezbollah militia based in Latakia . Russia operates

3350-471: The first time an S-400 air defence missile system in Belgorod using a U.S.-supplied M142 HIMARS rocket launcher. Army Recognition published photos of a destroyed 5P85SM2-01 transporter erector launcher and power generation unit from the S-400 system. On 10 June 2024, Ukrainian forces have struck Russian antiaircraft missile system, including S-400 missile launchers in the Dzhankoy area in Crimea. According to

3417-482: The land-based S-400. This will extend the Kirov 's air defense from 100 km (62 mi; 54 nmi) to 250 km (160 mi; 130 nmi). Adm. Vladimir Korolev stated at that time that Russia's Northern Fleet's Coastal Forces had deployed S-400s. On 1 March 2016 the acting commander of the 14th Air Force and Air Defense Army, major general Vladimir Korytkov, said that six S-400 units had been activated at

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3484-432: The large Liana surveillance radar with its antenna in an over-fuselage rotodome , which has a diameter of 9 metres (30 ft) Detection range is 650 kilometres (400 mi; 350 nmi) for air targets and 300 kilometres (190 mi; 160 nmi) for ground targets. The A-50 can control up to ten fighter aircraft for either air-to-air intercept or air-to-ground attack missions. The A-50 can fly for four hours with

3551-445: The missile system, designed to destroy aircraft, cruise, and ballistic missiles, can also be used against ground targets. The S-400 is able to intercept cruise missiles at a range of only about 40 km (25 mi) due to their low-altitude flight paths. lower than 850 metres per second (3,100 km/h; 1,900 mph; Mach 2.5) On 21 May 2007 the Russian Air Force announced that S-400 systems would be put on combat duty near

3618-489: The number of syllables indicates the type of the aircraft's engine. Single-syllable code names denote reciprocating engine or turboprop , while two-syllable code names denote jet engine . Bombers have names starting with the letter "B", and names like "Badger" ( Tupolev Tu-16 ), "Blackjack" ( Tupolev Tu-160 ) and "Bear" ( Tupolev Tu-95 ) have been used. "Frogfoot", the reporting name for the Sukhoi Su-25 , references

3685-406: The pilot of a Su-30 aircraft of the Russian Air Force detected the fire and crash of an unidentified aircraft in the area, presumably the A-50. Forbes journalist David Axe cited one analyst who claimed that Ukrainian Air Force first disabled Russian radars across Crimea, causing the Russians to reestablish radar coverage there by moving their A-50 north to near Berdyansk thus within range of

3752-435: The radar system. On 28 April 2024, Ukraine launched multiple ATACMS missiles at Russian based in the occupied Crimean peninsula and destroyed Russian S-400 air defence systems. On 6 May 2024, Ukrainian forces reportedly destroyed a tracked version of Russian S-400 missile launcher in the occupied Zaporizhzhia region. On 22 May 2024, Ukrainian forces destroyed Russia's S-400 launchers using American-supplied ATACMS missile at

3819-544: The safety of Russian personnel and assets during its strikes on non-Russian targets in Syria and in return, Russia will not target Israeli aircraft nor repel Israeli strikes. Initial Ukrainian sources claimed that, on 25 February 2022, the Su-27 of Ukrainian Colonel Oleksandr Oksanchenko was shot down by an S-400 over Kyiv . On 14 April 2022, the Russian Defence Ministry claimed that a Ukrainian Mi-8

3886-467: The same names as the corresponding land-based systems, but the US DOD assigns a different series of numbers with a different suffix (i.e., SA-N- versus SA-) for these systems. The names are kept the same as a convenience. Where there is no corresponding system, a new name is devised. The Soviet Union did not always assign official "popular names" to its aircraft, but unofficial nicknames were common as in any air force . Generally, Soviet pilots did not use

3953-420: The system began in January 2018. China test fired Russian S-400 systems for the first time in early August 2018. Deliveries were reportedly postponed after the delivery of two S-400 units. The acquisition of S-400, reported to initially consist of six batteries, improves China's air space defense. A reported 400 km (250 mi) coverage range would allow China's defense to cover all of the Taiwan Straits and

4020-452: The town of Elektrostal in Moscow Oblast , to defend Moscow and Central Russia, by 1 July 2007. On 6 August 2007 the first regiment equipped with S-400 systems entered active service near Elektrostal, according to Channel One Russia. The regiment was the 606th Guards Anti-air Rocket Regiment, 9th PVO Division, 1st PVO Corps, of the Special Purpose Command . On 8 February 2008 Lt. Gen. Vladimir Sviridov announced that Russia would be replacing

4087-494: The typical four due to their large size. Another test recorded a 9M96 missile using an active radar homing head that reached a altitude of 56 km (35 mi). All missiles are equipped with directed explosion warheads, which increases the probability of complete destruction of aerial targets but are less effective against ballistic targets. In 2016, Russian anti-aircraft missile troops received upgraded guided missiles for S-300 and S-400 defense systems. The anti-aircraft version of

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4154-460: The upgrade. After completing the joint state tests, Beriev delivered the first A-50U to the Russian Air Force . The aircraft, "47 Red", RF-92957, was handed over at Beriev's facility in Taganrog on 31 October 2011. It was accepted by an aircrew serving with the 2457th Aviation Base for Combat Operation of Airborne Early Warning Aircraft (Aviabaza Boevogo Primeneniya Samolyotov Dal'nego Radiolokatsionnogo Obnaruzheniya) at Ivanovo Severny , which

4221-473: Was disbanded in 1995 and aircraft transferred to the 144th Independent Regiment. The 18th Independent Aviation Detachment DRLO (two A-50s and 1 Il-76) was established at the Vitebsk-Severny airfield from 1985. In 1993, the detachment was disestablished. Two aircraft "operated round-the-clock over [the] Black Sea during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm of the Gulf War (1990–1991), monitoring United States Air Force operations from Turkey and keeping

4288-454: Was redesignated the 144th Independent Regiment DRLO, (в/ч 89449) and then later moved to Pechora Kamenka (often referred to as "Berezovka") in 1998. There was a detachment (two A-50s and one Il-76) as part of the 192nd Guards Kerch Red Banner Military Transport Aviation Regiment (в/ч 26212), Ukurey Airfield Chita Oblast in Russia from 1985 to 1995. It was formed at the Ulan-Ude (Vostochny) airfield in 1985, and flew to Ukurei in 1988. It

4355-666: Was shot down by a S-400 near Horodnia , Chernihiv Oblast on its way to an air base following an attack on Russian territory near Klimovo , Bryansk Oblast . In August 2022, Ukraine claimed that a 92N6E radar used in the S-400 SAM system was destroyed in Kherson region. On 16 October 2023, units from the Ukrainian Special Operations Forces carried out precision strikes targeting two key Russian airbases in Berdiansk and Luhansk destroying S-400 surface-to-air missiles. On 30 October 2023, Ukraine launched ATACMS missiles with M39 munition that destroyed Russia's S-400 surface-to-air missile in Luhansk Oblast. On 23 August 2023, GRU released

4422-461: Was successfully intercepted in a test of the upgraded 48N6DM missile. The system was approved for service by the government on 28 April 2007. Russia had accepted for service the 40N6 long-range missile for the S-400 air-defence system, a source in the domestic defense industry told TASS news agency in October 2018. The S-400 Triumf and Pantsir missile system can be integrated into a two-layer defense system. S-400 missile systems are organized around

4489-410: Was the Chief Engineer on the S-400 project. In 2003, it became apparent that the system was not ready for deployment. In August, two high-ranking military officials expressed concern that the S-400 was being tested with older interceptors from the S-300P system and concluded that it was not ready for deployment. The completion of the project was announced in February 2004. In April, a ballistic missile

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