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68-725: Its route – still primarily rural as late as the turn of the century – now forms part of the Shanghai Metro 's elevated Line 3 . Following the success of the first British railroads and the concessions to foreign traders following the 1842 Treaty of Nanking ending the First Opium War , European and American diplomats and merchants began to advocate for the development of railroads within China. The British firm Jardine, Matheson, & Company in particular started to champion rail connections from

136-404: A (usually busier) sub-segment of the entire physical line. Line 11 , one of the three branch lines of the metro system, operates a different short turn service pattern. Trains traveling to and from the branch line terminate at Huaqiao Station and Sanlin respectively. Hence, a passenger who wants to travel from the terminus of the branch to Disney Resort , the eastern terminus of

204-597: A 40-year phased program that would eventually see the construction of 11 metro lines covering over 325 km by 2025. On August 14, 1986, the State Council approved the "Proposal Concerning Construction of Shanghai City Subway Line from Xinlonghua Station to Shanghai Railway Station ," clearing the pathway for the beginning of construction of Line 1. The southern section of line 1 (four stations) opened on May 28, 1993. The full line (including middle and northern sections) eventually opened on April 10, 1995, and in

272-458: A Chinese purchase of the railway; both concurred in principle but differed on how long Jardine's would continue its management role. Mayers demanded eight years, Feng would only permit three. Adamant objection from Wu Yuan-ping , the new governor of Jiangsu , ended these negotiations. The first engine was the Ransomes & Rapier 0-4-0 Pioneer . On June 12, the 0-6-0 Celestial Empire set

340-552: A Shanghai-to-Suzhou line was similarly rejected by the governor of Jiangsu Li Hongzhang and in 1865 by the circuit intendant of Shanghai Ying Baoshi , who composed an influential treatise, "The 7 No's", on the occasion. However, in 1864, American Chinese began to be employed by the Central Pacific Railroad and by March 1865 the company was recruiting thousands of workers directly from Guangdong Province. The well-liked inspector general Robert Hart and

408-583: A bench or floor and playing music or videos out loud. It also bans eating and drinking on subway cars nationwide, with exceptions for infants and people with certain medical conditions. First AEDs (automatic external defibrillator) were installed at Metro stations in 2015, with all metro stations having AEDs at the end of 2021. From February 14, 2022, the operations of line 11 in Kunshan have been suspended due to COVID-19 cases in Suzhou. Plasma screens on

476-630: A local man was killed and Chinese troops from the Wusong garrison were stationed along the railway. The train driver David Banks was charged with manslaughter, but tried in a Western tribunal and acquitted on the grounds that the train had sounded and the suspicion the victim had been a suicide. Given the existing tensions, Thomas Wade used the Margary Affair and the ensuing negotiations over the Chefoo Convention to include advisors from

544-541: A mile of track on February 14. Within a week, the circuit intendant of Shanghai Feng Zhunguang had written a protest to the British consul Walter H. Medhurst . After consultation, they agreed that the Chinese would permit construction to continue so long as the British ceased to employ the locomotive and that both would seek further instruction from their superiors. Upon being notified of the railway, Shen Baozhen ordered

612-558: A new systematic numbering system for stations on line 10 , but did not extend it to other lines. On December 31, 2009, Shanghai launched a website Archived October 25, 2018, at the Wayback Machine displaying real-time comprehensive passenger flow information, each station and line is displayed as either green (normal operation), yellow (crowded), and red (suspended/not in operation). Short turn service patterns exist on all lines except line 16 . Partial services serve only

680-534: A rail transit line to be built which connects the city center with Minhang and Jinshan in the south-southwest, and with Wusong and Baoshan in the north-northeast, clearly echoing the initial north-south line concept of the 1950s-60s, though couched in this period in terms of the City's new master plan to "develop both the north and the south wings." Subsequently, in August 1985, a Project Planning Report submitted to

748-617: A railway between the city and a Yangtze port, as the mouth of the Suzhou Creek continued to silt up, obstructing deep-bottomed foreign vessels. Jardine, Matheson, & Co. initially established the Woosung Road Company as a front with a 200-share issue in 1865. Distributing shares to local businessmen did not succeed in winning official approval and land purchases were far more expensive than expected. The company stopped work in 1867. The surreptitious construction by

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816-559: A series on Transport in Shanghai   13     14     15     16     17     18     Pujiang   The Shanghai Metro ( Chinese : 上海地铁 ; pinyin : Shànghǎi Dìtiě ; Shanghainese : Zaon he Di thiq ) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai , operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to

884-740: Is cellular phone network coverage across the network. In 2020, all stations provided 5G network coverage. Free WiFi is also provided. There are toilets for passengers in more than 90% metro stations in Shanghai. The system is 100% wheelchair accessible, with elevators at all stations. Riders are subject to searches of their persons and belongings at all stations by security inspectors using metal detectors, X-ray machines. Items banned from public transportation such as "guns, ammunition, knives, explosives, flammable and radioactive materials, and toxic chemicals" are subject to confiscation. Stations are equipped with closed-circuit television. Police use it to arrest pickpockets caught on CCTV, for example. Smoking

952-416: Is due to Covid-19. Ridership recovered to close to pre-covid levels in 2021, with a ridership on December 31 of 13.014 million. There are currently 19 lines in operation, with lines and services denoted numerically as well as by characteristic colors, which are used as a visual aid for better distinction on station signage and on the exterior of trains, in the form of a colored block or belt. Most tracks in

1020-576: Is one of the fastest-growing metro systems in the world. Ambitious expansion plans call for 25 lines with over 1,000 km (620 mi) of length by 2025. By then, every location in the central area of Shanghai will be within 600 m (2,000 ft) of a subway station. Shanghai metro is connected with the metro system of Suzhou Rail Transit ; the Suzhou Rail Transit line 11 connects Shanghai Metro line 11 with Suzhou Rail Transit line 3 . There are currently over 7,000 railcars in

1088-454: Is strictly prohibited in the metro premises. Bicycles (including folding bikes) and pets (including cats, dogs etc.) are not allowed in stations. The use of skateboards, roller skates and other equipment is not allowed in stations and carriages. Since April 1, 2020, there is a national ban on "Uncivilized Behavior" on China's Subways, which also includes conduct rules cracking down on bad subway etiquette, such as stepping on seats, lying down on

1156-702: The British minister Sir Thomas Wade made strenuous cases for the adoption of western technology in 1865, cases that were picked up first by Shanghainese merchants and then by the Imperial bureaucracy itself in a heated debate from 1866 to 1867, which ultimately decided to continue opposition to foreign-controlled rail. Objections raised then and subsequently included that lines would facilitate foreign interference with – and invasions of – the interior, that railways' straight lines promoted bad feng shui , that their presence would antagonize

1224-644: The Danish Great Northern Telegraph Company of a riverine line connecting the Hong Kong–;Wusong telegraph lines to Shanghai in 1870 and its eventual protection by local authorities against theft and disruption in the summer of 1872 suggested a course forward. In the winter of 1872–1873, the American vice-consul Oliver Bradford began purchasing and leasing a 15-yard (14 m) –wide strip of land within

1292-501: The Guangfo Metro . The National Development and Reform Commission has approved the 2018-2023 construction plan for the city's Metro network. The construction of five new metro lines (and two commuter rail lines) and two extensions to opened lines are expected to take five to six years and are planned to start construction before 2023. After completion, there will be 27 metro and commuter rail lines covering 1,154 kilometers. With

1360-662: The Woosung Tramway Company was established separately to manage purchases and planning for the railway. A third company, the Woosung Railway Company, Limited , was incorporated in London on July 28, 1874, to raise capital for imported British rails and rolling stock, which arrived on December 18, 1875. Even before realizing a railway was intended, the regional viceroy Shen Baozhen noticed that public land at Wusong had been fraudulently sold to

1428-487: The "road" and demanded its repurchase and a ban on any road crossing the Wenzaobang to enter Wusong proper. His subsequent discovery that its conversion to rail had been previously mooted and was known to Feng Zhunguang , the circuit intendant of Shanghai , only increased his annoyance. The British engineer Gabriel J. Morrison hammered in the first spike on 20 January 1876. The Pioneer ran its first trials on about

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1496-705: The 1842 Treaty of Nanjing and the mid-20th century. Originally privileged by the " Unequal Treaties " and housed in the International Settlement and French Concession away from the Chinese city in the 1800s, they lost most of their status during and after the Japanese occupation of Shanghai in World War II . A 1943 Sino-British Friendship Treaty abandoned the treaty port system, and by this time most American, British , and Dutch Shanghailanders had been deported to concentration camps by

1564-547: The American Concession, although it was common knowledge – both among the Shanghailanders and the local Shanghainese – the ultimate intention would be conversion to rail. As the construction of a Chinese railway was a clear violation of Article VIII of the 1868 Burlingame Treaty , American interests in the enterprise were sold to Jardine's Woosung Road Company, which extended

1632-604: The Danish telegraph from Wusong south to Shanghai along its right-of-way on 12   August 1873. The revived company was led by Jardine's British Shanghai chief F.B. Johnson , the Americans Augustus Hayes of Olyphant & Co. and Frank Forbes of Russell & Co. , the British E. Iveson of Iveson & Co. , and the Danish G.H.N. Dreyer of the Great Northern. Concurrently with this revival,

1700-776: The Municipal Planning Committee and the Municipal Committee on Urban and Rural Construction and Management by the Preparation Working Group on the North–South Rapid Rail Transit Line prioritizes the Xinlonghua -to- New railway station segment, and makes a conclusive case for the route of the previously-indeterminate middle segment of the line to be placed under Huaihai Road . Thus, the first stage of

1768-584: The Municipal Public Utilities Management Bureau, and identified multiple alternative plans for a subway system. In 1960, with a newly-formed a Bureau of Tunnel Engineering, the city undertook an experimental shield tunneling project in Tangqiao, Pudong , excavating a tunnel with a 4.2m-diameter shield for over 100 meters. Dubbed Project 60 , this project was carried out in strict confidentiality. In August 1964,

1836-609: The Shanghai Master Plan, 2017-2035 more emphasis was put on other rail transit modes. The plan calls for a comprehensive transportation system that consists of multimodel rail transit. Intercity lines (intercity railway, municipality railway, and express railway), urban lines (subway and light rail), and local lines (modern tramcar, rubber-tired transit system) in a length of more than 1,000 km each. By 2035, public transportation will account for over 50% of all means of transportation, and 60% of rail transit stations in

1904-754: The Shanghai Metro is the third-oldest rapid transit system in mainland China , after the Beijing Subway and the Tianjin Metro . Though actual construction and inauguration of the Shanghai Metro succeeded its counterparts in Beijing and Tianjin, their initial planning would date back to the same period, during the late 50s and early 60s, before the impact of the Cultural Revolution . The system saw its most rapid expansion during

1972-449: The Shanghai Metro system are served by a single service; thus "Line X" usually refers to both the physical line and its service. The only exception is the segment shared by lines 3 and 4 , between Hongqiao Road station and Baoshan Road station , where both services use the same tracks and platforms. Fengxian Xincheng ( Fengxian ) Hangzhong Road ( Minhang ) Huaqiao ( Kunshan, Jiangsu ) The Shanghai Metro system

2040-416: The Shanghai metro system. The train fleet reached 1,000 cars in 2007, 2,000 cars in 2012, and 3,000 cars in 2016, the 4,000th car was delivered on December 17, 2016, the 5,000th car was delivered on July 20, 2018. The 7,000th car was delivered on December 25, 2020. Most lines currently use semi-automatic train operations (STO/GoA2). Starting and stopping are automated, but a driver operates the doors, drives

2108-667: The Tunnel Engineering section of the Municipal Urban Construction Bureau completed the route selection phase for the north-south line (later Line 1 ), which was eventually to connect key locations in the downtown core, including the Shanghai Cultural Square, People's Square and the then Shanghai North railway station , with the rapidly industrializing and urbanizing northern districts of Zhabei and Baoshan , including

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2176-478: The backdrop of the air raids of Shanghai by the retreating Nationalist forces in that year, a team of Soviet technical specialists visiting the city made a proposal to the Municipal Committee on Urban Planning and Design for a dual-purpose underground railway system, to be used for mass transit during peace times, and as shelter facility in times of war. It was later, in 1953, during confidential consultations held with Soviet urban planning specialists by Li Gancheng,

2244-459: The circuit intendant to suspend all work: this failed, but workmen, dibao , and landowners came under such pressure that the company considered the agreement vitiated and restored the locomotive on March 20. Wade ordered the British naval commander to Shanghai and provided for protection against any local interference against the workmen. The British secretary W.F. Mayers met with the circuit intendant of Shanghai six times in mid-April concerning

2312-502: The company continued work on the line. On December 1, 1876, the extension to Wusong was completed and opened, with six cars running six round trips daily. By February, demand was great enough to increase the number of cars to nine, necessitating the use of dual locomotives on each run. At this point, the train had 130 seats and would sometimes carry 250 on festivals . In its year of service, the Woosung Road carried 187,876 passengers,

2380-440: The elevated sections and the section of line 2 from Songhong Road to Longyang Road . The train stops with its doors lined-up with the sliding doors on the platform edge and open when the train doors open, and are closed at other times. During construction of the early lines conditions were reserved for the installation of platform screen doors but not installed, due to cost considerations and no domestic companies making them at

2448-545: The first underground railway line, later Line 1 , was determined. Formal central government-level approval of both the construction of Line 1 and a long-term system-wide plan for the Shanghai Metro came in 1986. In that year, the State Council approved the Master City Plan of Shanghai (1983–2000), the first-ever such approval by the State Council in the history of Shanghai. Part of that Master Plan included

2516-564: The first year, it handled an average of 600,000 passengers daily. The first phase of line 2 was inaugurated in June 2000, which in 2010 linked Hongqiao International Airport ( SHA ) and Pudong International Airport ( PVG ). The 25 km Pearl line (line 3) opened for revenue service in 2001. Line 5 opened in 2003. Line 4 joined the network in January 2006 and became a circular line in 2007. The Master Plan of Shanghai Metro-Region 1999–2020

2584-721: The foreigners made clear among themselves and to the Chinese, they intended to convert the railway to a freight line, competing with the China Merchants' Steam Navigation Company and forcing the issue of opening Wusong as a continuation of their concessions at Shanghai. Although the line's initial five freight cars were converted to passenger use in May 1876, twelve 5 ton–capacity replacements were delivered from Britain shortly later. The foreign diplomats also made no secret of their intention to expand concessions regarding Shanghai into its adjoining territory. During his negotiations over

2652-680: The industrial zone in Pengpu , the worker's residential area in Zhangmiao, and the town of Wusong . It is ostensibly in this same period that, in 1965, another experimental project on underground tunnel and station construction was underway in a segment between Hengshan Park and Xiangyang Park, both in Xuhui . However, construction halted during the immediately subsequent Cultural Revolution period, and no systematic plan to build an underground railway system materialized. The economic reforms of 1980s and

2720-637: The inner areas of the main city will have 600m of land coverage. According to the NDRC, the Shanghai Metro network (including commuter rail) will cover 1,642 kilometers in total by 2030 and more than 2,000 kilometers by 2035. Since 1993, the ridership of the entire network has grown as the new lines or sections come into operation. In 1995, the first year of operation, line 1 carried 62 million passengers (average daily passenger volume of 223,000). Ridership increased between 2011 and 2016 with 10% per annum, between 2017 and 2019 with 5%. The reduction in ridership in 2020

2788-564: The interior to Canton , Shanghai , and Tianjin as early as 1845. MacDonald Stephenson , the engineer responsible for the East Indian Railway , attempted to interest the imperial government in rail links from Hong Kong and Shanghai to Calcutta through Hankou and Kunming in 1859 and again in 1864. These proposals were rejected even by the foreign-led Hong Kong Chamber of Commerce , which thought it might impact established shipping. A request of 20 July 1863 by 27 firms for

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2856-452: The length of the Metro to 400 kilometers by the time it opened in 2010. Thereby it completed the initial 40-year plan 15 years ahead of schedule. During Expo 2010 the metro system consisted of 11 lines, 407 km, and 277 stations. In 2009 Shanghai announced it would have 21 lines operating by 2020 with lines extending further into the suburban areas. At the end of 2021 (expected), most of

2924-542: The line in October, 1877, after which Shen had the railway disassembled. He answered the local pro-railroad petition with another which opposed it. At the same time, he also blocked French attempts to open a new road to Zikawei and British ones to extend Markham Road and Cemetery Road. Shanghailanders complained of the closure incessantly, including in the North-China Herald 's obituary of Shen. The annoyance

2992-613: The line made the British expectant of continued Chinese operation: in April, they engaged their foreign employees to another 18 months of service and, in September, ordered a fourth and larger locomotive. The railway's chief engineer, Morrison, even visited the officials at Suzhou to discuss construction of an extension for the line. A local petition was circulated among the Shanghainese requesting its continued operation. However, as

3060-429: The line's record, reaching 25 mph. On June 30, 1876, the line was completed as far as Jiangwan. After two days of complimentary and publicity runs for Shanghailanders and local businessmen, this section was opened to passenger traffic on July 3. Over the next month, receipts averaged $ 40–60 a day. Business was brisk enough to necessitate adding an extra round trip to the original six on July 22. On August 3,

3128-456: The line, must change trains. Line 16 , unlike the rest of the system, is built with passing loops and operates express and rapid services. The service was postponed on January 30, 2014, due to lack of available trains, but resumed on March 21, 2016. Shanghailander Shanghailanders were foreign – principally European and American – settlers in the extraterritorial areas of Shanghai , China , between

3196-650: The line, the British secretary Mayers openly claimed that "Woosung is really but a part of the port of Shanghai under the Treaty of Tientsin". Moreover, the importance of the line to the foreigners had already allowed Li Hongzheng to interfere with and even usurp Shen's authority within Jiangsu as a corollary to his authority over treaty negotiations. The line's purchases and operation increased property values, but divided farms and obstructed existing streams and canals with low bridges. The Chinese authorities took possession of

3264-429: The line. Jardine's agreed to sell in the interest of establishing a native rail network it could supply and help capitalize. At then-current exchange rates, this was equivalent to a £95,000 return on a £20,000 investment. Although Wade had originally only asked for Tls. 200,000, Shen initially offered to pay Tls. 300,000 within 24 hours simply to take immediate possession of the line before another incident. Meanwhile,

3332-471: The lines of the plan were opened (with an exemption of line 20, Jiamin line, and Chongming line) leading to 19 lines (line 1-18 and Pujiang), 802 km, 516 stations. On October 16, 2013, with the extension of line 11 into Kunshan in Jiangsu province (about 6.5 km), Shanghai Metro became the first rapid transit system in China to provide cross-provincial service and the second intercity metro after

3400-467: The majority of whom preferred the relatively expensive first- and second-class service. The company posted profits of £27 per mile per week, comparable with British routes. Local Shanghainese entrepreneurs even established a pony-drawn bus service – with both its bus and uniforms modeled on the railroad's – from the Little East Gate of the old town . The profit of

3468-597: The more conciliatory Li Hongzhang , since promoted to the prestigious viceroyalty of Zhili , into the negotiations in Shanghai and Nanjing. These lasted throughout October, but on the 24th, the Qing government signed with Wade "The Articles of Purchasing the Wusong Railway", which committed them to provide the railway's owners Tls. 285,000, payable in three installments over the course of the next year, at which point they would acquire complete ownership and management of

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3536-465: The neighboring township of Huaqiao , in Kunshan , Jiangsu Province . Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length , totaling 826 kilometres (513 mi). and the second largest system by number of stations , with 508 stations across 20 lines. It also ranks first in

3604-503: The next stop in Mandarin, English, and (on lines 16 and 17 only) Shanghainese , but the messages stating nearby attractions or shops for a given station (a form of paid advertising) are in Mandarin only. The metro operating company is resistant to expanding use of Shanghainese for announcing stops, on the basis that, on most lines, the majority of passengers can understand either Mandarin or English. The Metro authority has tested

3672-516: The official and peasant classes, and that their competition would destroy the livelihood of porters and ferrymen along the canals, leading them to banditry. Whereas canals assisted irrigation along their routes and could not be stolen, railways would inevitably occupy and pollute arable land and invite theft. Even supporters of railways insisted that it was essential to keep any lines Chinese-controlled and to oppose foreign ones. Nonetheless, officials at Shanghai were repeatedly troubled about constructing

3740-418: The other carriages, the air-conditioning is adjustable for different carriages on these lines. The measure aims to address the needs of some passengers who find the trains "too cold," especially the elderly and children. Almost all stations have (full height) platform screen doors with sliding acrylic glass at the platform edge. Only half height doors called automatic platform gates are placed at most of

3808-612: The platforms show passengers when the next two trains are coming, along with advertisements and public service announcements. The subway cars contain LCD screens showing advertisements and on some lines, the next stop, while above-ground trains have LED screens showing the next stop. The LED screens are being phased in on line 1 and are also included in lines 7 and 9 , two underground lines. Station signs are in Simplified Chinese and English. There are recorded messages stating

3876-501: The railway and a full-scale mock-up of the Pioneer . "EARLY CHINESE NARROW-GAUGE RAILWAYS" by Peter Crush (柯睿思) and Baiyu Shang (尚白宇) (downloaded 03.02.2022). A series of research articles on the "researchgate.net" academic website about narrow gauge railways built in China during the Qing dynasty and the early 20th Century. Full texts are available for download from the links. Shanghai Metro [REDACTED] Part of

3944-669: The rapidly increasing demand for efficient urban public transit saw a swift resurrection of plans for a rapid rail transit system in Shanghai. In 1983, a jointly-published "Proposal on the Construction of a North-South Rapid Rail Transit Line" by the Municipal Planning Committee, the Municipal Construction Committee, in collaboration with the Municipal Bureaus of Urban Planning, of Public Infrastructure, of Railways and of Public Works, called for

4012-737: The station to reduce electricity usage. Shanghai metro started building solar plants from 2013 and the process has been accelerated since 2019, with plans to build rooftop solar plants with a total electricity generation capacity of 30 to 50 megawatts between 2021 and 2025. In 2021 it owned through it subsidiary Shanghai Metro New Energy Co., Ltd. ten rooftop solar plants on depots and parking lots (Chuanyanghe, Zhibei, Jinqiao, Longyang Road, Sanlin, Fujin Road, Zhongchun Road, Beizhai Road, Chentai Road and Pujiang Town) generating an average annual power generation of about 23 million kwh. Annual electricity consumption of Shanghai Metro exceeds 2.5 billion kWh. There

4080-468: The suburban rail transport network so that it can link to and coordinate with state rail lines, metro lines, and light railways. One or two rail transport lines are planned between every new city and the central city. In 2003 when the length was only 3 lines, 65 kilometers (with a further 5 lines already under construction), Shanghai was named host city for the World Expo 2010, plans were made to extend

4148-405: The then-Deputy Chief and Party Secretary of the Municipal Construction Committee in Shanghai, that the initial concepts of a north-south line and an east-west line were pencilled on a map of the city, which would later become Line 1 and Line 2 . Further consultations and public surveys on transit needs were held in 1959 by a Municipal Planning Committee for Underground Railway, in conjunction with

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4216-410: The time. In the early 2000s, before the screen doors were installed, the annual suicide rate on the Shanghai subway system averaged about eight. In 2003 Shanghai Metro Operation Technology Development Co., Ltd. developed domestically platform screen doors with costs only 40% of imported platform screen doors (they cost over RMB6 million each to install). Shanghai Circus World , opened December 28, 2004,

4284-503: The train if needed and handles emergencies. The exceptions being: Most lines currently use 6 car sets, with the exceptions being: On most lines the maximum operating speed is 80 km/h (50 mph), with the exceptions being: Pujiang line is the only line using cars with rubber tires running on concrete tracks. All subway cars have air-conditioning. During summer of 2021 the subway's first and last carriages on Metro lines 3-5, 10-13, and 15-18 will be 2 degrees Celsius warmer than

4352-404: The world by annual ridership , with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Since the pandemic , ridership still routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city. Opening to the public in 1993 with full-scale construction extending back to 1986,

4420-407: The years leading up to the 2010 World Expo , namely, between 2003 and 2010. Between 2007 and 2010, it was customary for new lines and extensions to open on an annual basis. The system is still expanding, with the most recent expansions opening in early 2024, and several new lines and extensions under construction. The first proposal of a subway system for Shanghai dates back to the year 1950. Against

4488-400: Was approved by the State Council of China on May 11, 2001. The plan had 17 lines in total, containing four intra-city-region express rail lines, eight urban metro lines, and five urban light-rail lines with a total length of about 780 kilometers. The total length of the planned MRT network in the central city will add up to 488 kilometers. In addition, Shanghai will strengthen the development of

4556-549: Was compounded when the initial plan – to ship the rails and rolling stock to Qing Taiwan to help develop the coal mines there – failed to materialize on account of mishandling during shipment and lack of funds. Instead the equipment was dumped along the shore and left to rust. The Woosung railway's path now forms the stretch of the Shanghai Metro 's elevated Line 3 between its Baoshan Road and Zhanghuabang stations. The Shanghai Railway Museum includes original Chinese-language memorials concerning

4624-516: Was the first station to have installed platform screen doors. To help cope with passenger handling, platform safety doors were built for line 4 onwards and a program for retrofitting older lines was put in place. The retrofitting on existing lines started in November 2005 with line 1 (first station was Xujiahui ) whose core stations had doors by the end of 2006. Originally, platform screen doors were adopted to prevent cool or hot air from leaving

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