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39-513: The idea for the foundation of the Council came from Daniel Nicol Dunlop in the 1920s. He wanted to gather experts from all around the world to discuss current and future energy issues. He organised in 1923 first national committees, which organised the first World Power Conference (WPC) in 1924. 1,700 experts from 40 countries met in London to discuss energy issues. The meeting was a success and

78-722: A "Consumers' Party" in The Chipped White Cups of Dover ). Upon joining the SDP, he became a member of the party's policy committee and director of its in-house think tank, The Tawney Society. An associate of the SDP's second leader, David Owen , Young refused to back the party's merger with the Liberal Party in 1988 and instead followed Owen into the 'continuing' SDP . A year later, however, he chose to return to Labour following, in Owen's words, Labour's "big switch on

117-802: A PhD at the LSE in 1952. His thesis, dated 1955, was titled A study of the extended family in East London . During the Second World War , Young served as director of the Political and Economic Planning think tank and became director of research for the Labour Party, where he wrote the manifesto for the 1945 general election and the vast speakers' handbook. He served under the Labour government led by Clement Attlee . In 1947, he called for

156-401: A descendant of Admiral Sir Robert Moorsom ), a novelist, sculptor and painter with whom he had a daughter (who was born before their marriage) and a son, the journalist and writer Toby Young. Young and Moorsom worked together on several projects, including in the townships of South Africa. Moorsom died in 1993 and in 1995 Young married 37-year-old milliner Dorit Uhlemann, with whom he had

195-407: A dystopian future of a society in which "IQ + effort" have replaced all other values. Young's social research also contributed to the change in secondary education that led to widespread abolition of grammar schools and their replacement by comprehensive schools between 1965 and 1976, as well as the abolition of the 11-plus . Although unwilling to maintain a conventional academic career, Young

234-626: A job in a bicycle shop in Glasgow . He moved to Dublin 1889, working for a tea and wine merchant, where he befriended the poets Æ ( George William Russell ) and William Butler Yeats , and became active in the Irish Theosophical Society. He was also known to James Joyce , who mentioned him in Ulysses . In 1891 he married Eleanor Fitzpatrick ( c.  1867 –1932); becoming the father of three children, Ronald Ossory Dunlop,

273-793: A member of the local lodge of the Theosophical Society . Together with Æ and Yeats he attended meetings of the Hermetic Society and in 1892 founded the magazine "The Irish Theosophist", which he edited until his departure from Dublin in 1897 for the United States. When the Theosophical Society split in 1895, Dunlop became a member of the Theosophical Society in America, where he at intervals functioned as secretary to its president, Katherine Tingley , At

312-551: A salient method. He was a utopian socialist . His thinking stemmed from the views of 19th century radicals like Robert Owen , Saint-Simon or Charles Fourier , with their hatred of massive institutionalism, be it in the hands of the public authority or of the large commercial company." Young married three times. In 1945 he married Joan Lawton, with whom he had two sons and a daughter. They later divorced, and in December 1961 he married Sasha (daughter of Raisley Stewart Moorsom and

351-558: A well-known painter, and daughters Edith, the mother of the sociologist Michael Young, Baron Young of Dartington , and Aileen. Dunlop moved to America, and in 1896 was employed by the American Westinghouse Electric Company , becoming later assistant manager, and then manager of its European Publicity Department. In 1899 he returned to Britain with his family in this capacity. In 1911, with Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti and others, Dunlop helped to found

390-499: The Anthroposophical Society until 1920, at which time he called into being the anthroposophical "Human Freedom Group", which he led. Here once again, he introduced the idea of, this time, anthroposophical Summer Schools that were realised in 1923 and again in 1924. After personally meeting with Rudolf Steiner, both of them expressed their intimate spiritual connection and respect for one another. In 1928 he organised

429-626: The British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers' Association (BEAMA) in London, which still exists today. While Ferranti became its first chairman (to 1913) Dunlop was at first its secretary and later its director. A year or two after World War I , Dunlop began to organise the World Power Conference, the precursor to the World Energy Council , which met for the first time on 11 July 1924 and of which he

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468-502: The EEC , market economics and Trident ." However, Young remained skeptical of Labour's ability to win the next election and believed that it still had to face up to the task of modernising socialism, which had, he said, "lagged so badly since Tony Crosland died." According to Young's friend Eric Midwinter, "All his thought, all his incisive writing, all his brilliantly conceived schemes, all his astutely handled initiatives were guided by

507-609: The Institute of Community Studies , which was his principal vehicle for exploring his ideas of social reform. Its basic tenet was to give people more say in running their lives and institutions. Lise Butler argues that the Institute drew upon existing bodies of research in social psychology and sociology to highlight the relevance of the extended family in modern society and to offer a model of socialist citizenship, solidarity and mutual support not tied to productive work. Young promoted

546-530: The University of the Third Age with Peter Laslett and Eric Midwinter , and Linkage, bringing together older people without grandchildren and young people without grandparents. In 2001 he co-founded the charity Grandparents Plus to champion the role of the wider family in children's lives. Although he maintained steadfast egalitarian convictions, Young accepted a life peerage on 20 March 1978, taking

585-679: The Blavatsky Institute in Manchester in the same year, together with Charles Lazenby, the magazine "the Path". He also founded his own theosophical lodge under the auspices of the Theosophical Society with the name "Light on the Path" and became its president. Dunlop saw Rudolf Steiner for the first time while the latter was still General Secretary of the German Section of the Theosophical Society. He did not, however, join

624-538: The Council under a direct membership. Daniel Nicol Dunlop Daniel Nicol Dunlop (28 December 1868, Kilmarnock , Scotland – 30 May 1935, London) was a Scottish entrepreneur, founder of the World Power Conference and other associations, and a theosophist -turned- anthroposophist . He was the father of artist Ronald Ossory Dunlop . Dunlop was born on 28 December 1868 in Kilmarnock as

663-537: The Labour whip and the title Baron Young of Dartington , of Dartington in the County of Devon . His many projects required frequent travel to London, and the peerage offered free rail travel and attendance allowance at a time when he had run out of money. In 1981, Young defected from Labour to the Social Democratic Party (SDP), and was one of 100 supporters whose names were published alongside

702-541: The SDP's founding statement, the Limehouse Declaration , in February of that year. Although hitherto largely aloof from the factionalism then devouring Labour, Young's disregard for the statist and trade union-oriented aspects of its post-war social-democratic philosophy meant he was receptive to the idea of a new progressive party forming in its stead (he had already tentatively advocated the formation of

741-626: The World Energy Trilemma Index, which compares Energy security , equity and environmental sustainability on a country-by-country basis (also available as an online tool), as well as Insights Briefs on current energy topics such as Blockchain. As of March 2019 the World Energy Council has 87 member committees and 2 countries which have direct membership. Organisations in countries where the World Energy Council does not yet have an active member committee can join

780-609: The end of 1899 he resigned from the Theosophical Society in America, or was perhaps, expelled, the documentation being unclear on this point, and joined the Theosophical Society Adyar in London. He published many articles in the "Theosophical Review" and "The Vahan". In 1909 he initiated the Summer Schools, regular international meetings with theosophical lecture cycles and events where participants got to know one another more intimately. In 1910 he founded

819-596: The end of his parents' marriage. There he attended several schools, eventually entering Dartington Hall , a new progressive school in Devon, in the 1920s. He had a long association with the small school, as student, trustee, deputy chairman and historian. He studied economics at the London School of Economics (BScEcon, MA), then became a barrister when he applied to be called to the Bar in 1939. Young began studying for

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858-580: The energy agenda. Staged every three years, the Congress provides a platform for energy leaders and experts in all aspects of the sector to address the challenges and opportunities facing suppliers and consumers of energy. The 2019 edition took place in Abu Dhabi from 9–12 September, where it was announced that Saint Petersburg will be the host city for the next World Energy Congress in 2022. The World Energy Council's publications include annual releases like

897-409: The establishment of a Social Science Research Council and became its first director 17 years later. He left the Labour Party in 1950, saying the party had run out of ideas. Young's studies of housing and local government policy in East London, which developed from his doctoral thesis, left him disillusioned with the state of community relations and local Labour councillors. This prompted him to found

936-726: The first and only World Conference on Anthroposophy and in 1929 he was elected General Secretary of the Anthroposophical Society in Great Britain. He was on terms of intimate friendship with Eleanor Merry (1873–1956), who supported his work, especially after the death of his own wife, Eleanor in 1932. As a result of conflicts and power struggles within the General Anthroposophical Society, leading to its splintering in April 1935, Dunlop

975-588: The greatest benefit of all. Formed in 1923, the Council is the UN-accredited global energy body, representing the entire energy spectrum, with more than 3,000 member organisations located in over 90 countries and drawn from governments, private and state corporations, academia, NGOs and energy-related stakeholders. The World Energy Council informs global, regional and national energy strategies by hosting high-level events, publishing authoritative studies, and working through its extensive member network to facilitate

1014-589: The mid-1980s, Young co-founded International Alert , together with Leo Kuper and Martin Ennals . Later on that decade, in 1987, he founded the Open College of the Arts, confounding critics who maintained that the arts could not be taught by distance methods. He also founded Language Line , a telephone interpreting business, to enable non-English-speaking people to have equal access to public services. He fostered

1053-690: The only child of Alexander Dunlop and Catherine Nicol (1847–1873). His father was an architect and a Quaker preacher. He lost his mother at the age of five and was brought up by his grandfather on the Isle of Arran , where he learnt the trade of fishing. After his grandfather died in turn, he returned to his father in Kilmarnock once again, attending the local school. On completing his schooling, he did an apprenticeship with an engineering company in Ardrossan , Ayrshire in western Scotland. After some differences of opinion with his father, he left home in 1886, taking

1092-438: The participants decided on 11 July 1924 to establish a permanent organisation named World Power Conference . Dunlop was elected as its first Secretary General. In 1968 the name was changed to World Energy Conference, and in 1989 it became the World Energy Council. The World Energy Council is the principal impartial network of leaders and practitioners promoting an affordable, stable and environmentally sensitive energy system for

1131-640: The politics of production, and more and more the politics of consumption," presenting the ideas in a booklet, The Chipped White Cups Of Dover (1960). In 1960, he started the Advisory Centre for Education the National Extension College and, with Peter Laslett , a dawn university on Anglia Television , which became prototypes of the Open University which Harold Wilson launched in 1964, building on his vision. In

1170-535: The social costs of rehousing a tight-knit community in a suburban housing estate (known affectionately by sociologists as Fakinel and invariably pronounced with a cockney accent). In 1958, Young wrote the influential satire The Rise of the Meritocracy for the Fabian Society , which refused to publish it. The book critiques the concept of " meritocracy " as unachievable and undesirable, describing

1209-544: The supportive kinship networks of the urban working class, and an idealized conception of the relationships between women, to suggest that family had been overlooked by the left and should be reclaimed as a progressive force. The goal was to strengthen the working class family as a model for cooperative socialism. He also founded the Mutual Aid Centre at this time. Young co-authored (with Peter Willmott) Family and Kinship in East London , documenting and analysing

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1248-549: The work of many younger researchers and "social entrepreneurs," and founded the School for Social Entrepreneurs in 1997. Aspects of Young's work were developed by the Young Foundation , created from the merger of his Institute of Community Studies and his Mutual Aid Centre, under the direction of Geoff Mulgan . Throughout his life, and particularly in later life, Young was concerned for older people. In 1982 he co-founded

1287-536: The world’s energy policy dialogue. Today, the Council has Member Committees established in over 90 countries, which represent over 3,000 member organizations including governments, industry and expert institutions. The World Energy Council covers all energy resources and technologies of energy supply and demand. The World Energy Council hosts the World Energy Congress, which is the world's largest and most influential energy event covering all aspects of

1326-542: Was a British sociologist, social activist and politician. Young was an urbanist , known as an academic researcher, polemicist and institution-builder. During his career, Young was influential in shaping the policy and ideology of the Labour Party . As secretary of the policy committee of the Labour Party, he was responsible for drafting Let Us Face the Future , Labour's manifesto for the 1945 general election . Young

1365-579: Was a fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge , from 1961 to 1966, and president of Birkbeck, University of London , from 1989 to 1992. An energetic and resourceful man, Young established many new organisations with the aim of providing "bottom-up" practical help to ordinary citizens. In the 1950s and 1960s he helped to found the Consumers' Association and the National Consumer Council, claiming that "politics will become less and less

1404-625: Was a leading advocate for social reform, and in that capacity he founded or helped to found a number of organisations. These include the Consumers' Association , Which? magazine, the National Consumer Council , the Open University , the Institute for Community Studies , the National Extension College , the Open College of the Arts and Language Line , a telephone-interpreting business. Young

1443-475: Was born in Manchester , the son of Ernest Gibson Young, an Australian violinist and music critic, and Edith Hermia Dunlop, an Irish Bohemian painter and actress. According to Michael's son, Toby , Gibson was a "ne'er-do-well", and "the only silver his forebears possessed was what they were able to steal from the gentry." Young grew up in Melbourne . He returned to England at the age of eight, shortly before

1482-517: Was elected chairman. Towards the close of his life he was elected independent chairman of the Electrical Fair Trading Council and chairman of the executive council of the World Power Conference. Shortly after leaving home for Glasgow in 1886, Dunlop began to study works on occultism and philosophy. This was greatly stimulated by his friendship with Æ and led to their lifelong connection. After moving to Dublin, he became

1521-410: Was expelled together with a number of other leading members. He died shortly afterwards of an appendicitis. Dunlop enlisted the help of fellow anthroposophist Walter Johannes Stein in the hope of founding a World Economic Organisation, but his death prevented this. Michael Young, Baron Young of Dartington Michael Dunlop Young, Baron Young of Dartington (9 August 1915 – 14 January 2002),

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