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134-577: (Redirected from Walt Disney Studio ) (The) Walt Disney Studios may refer to: Walt Disney Studios (division) , the Walt Disney Company's primary entertainment unit consisting of its film studio divisions, music labels, theatrical production and distribution companies. Walt Disney Studios (Burbank) , a film studio and business complex in Burbank, California, United States built in 1939 and as

268-633: A 10 percent distribution fee. The deal also included a $ 175 million co-financing loan by Disney to DreamWorks for production and access to slots in Disney's pay television agreement, then with Starz . In late 2009, Miramax Films , a formerly independent Disney film unit, was transferred to the Walt Disney Studios, until its sale in 2010 to Filmyard Holdings . The Kingdom Comics unit's creatives and executives moved its deal to an independent Monsterfoot Productions. On September 18, 2009, Cook

402-519: A 10- to 15-percent distribution fee. The two companies attempted to reach a new agreement for ten months and failed on January 26, 2001, July 26, 2002, April 22, 2003, January 16, 2004, July 22, 2004, and January 14, 2005. The proposed distribution deal meant Pixar would control production and own the resulting story, character, and sequel rights, while Disney would own the right of first refusal to distribute any sequels. Pixar also wanted to finance its own films and collect 100 percent profit, paying Disney

536-571: A 20- acre site in Emeryville, California , formerly occupied by Del Monte Foods , Inc. The first of several buildings, the high-tech structure designed by Bohlin Cywinski Jackson has special foundations and electricity generators to ensure continued film production, even through major earthquakes . The character of the building is intended to abstractly recall Emeryville's industrial past. The two-story steel-and-masonry building

670-514: A 2023 interview, Pixar's president Jim Morris stated that one of the reasons why their films have expensive budgets is because they are produced entirely in the U.S. with all of the artists under one roof, while almost all of their competitors keep costs down by doing work offshore. As of September 2022, six Pixar films have received or will receive sequels or prequels. These films are Toy Story , Cars , Monsters, Inc. , Finding Nemo , The Incredibles , and Inside Out . Toy Story 2

804-456: A 25-picture distribution deal, with Disney taking a 5% stake in Cinergi stock. After nine films were delivered under the agreement, Cinergi sold its 12-film library (except for Die Hard with a Vengeance , co-financed with 20th Century Fox ) to Disney on November 22, 1997, for $ 20 million in exchange for Disney's Cinergi shares, production advances of $ 35.4 million and other loans. In 1998,

938-515: A box office comeback by early August 2023, crossing $ 400 million at the worldwide box office. Disney's EVP of Theatrical Distribution Tony Chambers stated "After a disappointing opening weekend, we're really pleased that audiences have discovered what a great movie it is." That same month, Morris said "at the box office we're looking at now, [the film] should do better than break even theatrically. And then we have revenue from streaming , theme parks and consumer products . This will certainly be

1072-538: A chance (based on his own experience negotiating with Iger in summer 2005 for the rights to ABC shows for the fifth-generation iPod Classic ), and in turn, Iger convinced them of the sincerity of his feeling that Disney needed to re-focus on animation. Lasseter and Catmull's oversight of both the Disney Feature Animation and Pixar studios did not mean that the two studios were merging, however. In fact, additional conditions were laid out as part of

1206-474: A computer-animated feature became feasible according to Moore's law . At the time, Walt Disney Studios made the decision to develop more efficient ways of producing animation. They reached out to Graphics Group at Lucasfilm and to Digital Productions . Because of the Graphics Group's deeper understanding of animation, and Smith's experience with paint programs at NYIT, it convinced Disney they were

1340-481: A consulting role until then. Pete Docter was announced as Lasseter's replacement as chief creative officer of Pixar on June 19, 2018. On June 15, 2018, Incredibles 2 was released, setting a record for widest opening weekend worldwide and domestic for an animated film. The film would eventually gross $ 1.2 billion worldwide. On October 23, 2018, it was announced that Catmull would be retiring. He stayed in an adviser role until July 2019. On January 18, 2019, it

1474-534: A corporation in 1986, with funding from Apple co-founder Steve Jobs who became its majority shareholder . Disney announced its acquisition of Pixar in January 2006, and completed it in May 2006. Pixar is best known for its feature films , technologically powered by RenderMan , the company's own implementation of the industry-standard RenderMan Interface Specification image-rendering API . The studio's mascot

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1608-458: A deal with General Motors which fell through three days before signing the contracts. Jobs, who had been edged out of Apple in 1985, was now founder and CEO of the new computer company NeXT . On February 3, 1986, he paid $ 5 million of his own money to George Lucas for technology rights and invested $ 5 million cash as capital into the company, joining the board of directors as chairman. In 1985 while still at Lucasfilm, they had made

1742-538: A deal with the Japanese publisher Shogakukan to make a computer-animated movie called Monkey , based on the Monkey King . The project continued sometime after they became a separate company in 1986, but it became clear that the technology was not sufficiently advanced. The computers were not powerful enough and the budget would be too high. As a result, they focused on the computer hardware business for years until

1876-403: A domestic opening of $ 154 million, the third highest for an animated film, and the biggest global opening for an animated movie with $ 294 million. Since then the film broke multiple box office records. It had the highest second weekend gross for an animated film with $ 100 million, being the first to reach the 6 digit second opening weekend. It became the fastest animated movie to reach $ 1 billion at

2010-434: A financial analysis that confirmed that Disney had actually lost money on animation for the past decade, then presented that information to the board of directors at his first board meeting after being promoted from COO to CEO, and the board, in turn, authorized him to explore the possibility of a deal with Pixar. Lasseter and Catmull were wary when the topic of Disney buying Pixar first came up, but Jobs asked them to give Iger

2144-510: A five-year distribution agreement and an advance to Spyglass. After Caravan's remaining three films were released, it went inactive. By May 2000, Disney had taken an equity stake in Spyglass. Peter Schneider was promoted to studio president in January 1999, while Thomas Schumacher was promoted to president of Walt Disney Feature Animation and Walt Disney Theatrical Productions while both became co-presidents of Disney Theatrical Group . As

2278-481: A full-service company", and hired former Circle Films executive Chris Zarpass to the newly created position as vice president of production and acquisitions, and acquisitions had taken on new importance for the company, citing two purchases, which are Benji the Hunted , and Ernest Goes to Camp . That year, In June 1987, the Walt Disney Studios decided to restructure their divisions at parent company, which included

2412-590: A great company." After a lengthy hiatus, negotiations between the two companies resumed following the departure of Eisner from Disney in September 2005. In preparation for potential fallout between Pixar and Disney, Jobs announced in late 2004 that Pixar would no longer release movies at the Disney-dictated November time frame, but during the more lucrative early summer months. This would also allow Pixar to release DVDs for its major releases during

2546-451: A historic $ 26 million deal with Disney to produce three computer-animated feature films, the first of which was Toy Story (1995), the product of the technological limitations that challenged CGI. By then the software programmers working on RenderMan and IceMan, and Lasseter's animation department, which made television commercials (and four Luxo Jr. shorts for Sesame Street the same year), were all that remained of Pixar. Despite

2680-403: A hit, and confirming that Disney would distribute it for the 1995 Christmas season, he decided to give Pixar another chance. Also for the first time, he took an active leadership role in the company and made himself CEO. Toy Story grossed more than $ 373 million worldwide and, when Pixar held its initial public offering on November 29, 1995, it exceeded Netscape 's as the biggest IPO of

2814-471: A job at his studio, six employees moved to Lucasfilm . During the following months, they gradually resigned from CGL, found temporary jobs for about a year to avoid making Schure suspicious, and joined the Graphics Group at Lucasfilm. The Graphics Group, which was one-third of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm, was launched in 1979 with the hiring of Catmull from NYIT, where he was in charge of

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2948-483: A joint venture, Magic Films, to finance a slate of 32 films, which would not include sequels. Kingdom would provide financing with $ 135 million equity and a $ 370 million revolving credit line. With the exception of High School Musical 3 as a part of a Disney Channel franchise, Kingdom sued Disney in December 2008. In December 2005, Alan Bergman was promoted to president of the Walt Disney Studios. In January 2006,

3082-652: A new TV group. Richard Frank became head of the newly formed Walt Disney Television and Telecommunications (WDTT). Roth moved in from Caravan Pictures to helm the remaining Walt Disney Studios as chairman. Hoberman stepped down as president in January 1995 to take a five-year, multi-film deal for his production company, Mandeville Films . Roth was appointed as chairman of Walt Disney Studios in 1996. In April 1996, due to ongoing post-Disney- CC/ABC merger realignment and retirement of its president, WDTT group's division were reassigned to other groups with most transferred to

3216-464: A place on the Disney board of directors. After the deal closed in May 2006, Lasseter revealed that Iger had felt that Disney needed to buy Pixar while watching a parade at the opening of Hong Kong Disneyland in September 2005. Iger noticed that of all the Disney characters in the parade, none were characters that Disney had created within the last ten years since all the newer ones had been created by Pixar. Upon returning to Burbank, Iger commissioned

3350-408: A process somewhat like peer review , as opposed to the traditional Hollywood approach of an "executive-driven studio" in which directors are micromanaged through "mandatory notes" from development executives outranking the producers. According to Catmull, it evolved out of the working relationship between Lasseter, Andrew Stanton , Pete Docter , Lee Unkrich , and Joe Ranft on Toy Story . As

3484-538: A profitable film for the Disney company." In December 2023, it was announced that Soul , Turning Red and Luca would be released in theaters in the United States in the first quarter of 2024. In January 2024, it was reported that Pixar's staff would face imminent layoffs by 20 percent, reducing the studio's workforce to less than 1,000 employees. However, the layoffs were then delayed and did not occur, reportedly because of production schedules. In May 2024,

3618-437: A reorganization of its theatrical and animation units to improve resource usage and continued focus on new characters and franchise development. Walt Disney Feature Animation — sans Walt Disney Television Animation — and Buena Vista Theatrical Worldwide were organized under the Walt Disney Studios. In 2003, the studio set a worldwide box office record of $ 3 billion gross. In September 2005, Disney and Kingdom Films formed

3752-777: A restaurant visit in 1981, but when interviewing them he got four different versions about the origin of the name. In 1982, the Pixar team began working on special-effects film sequences with Industrial Light & Magic . After years of research, and key milestones such as the Genesis Effect in Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan and the Stained Glass Knight in Young Sherlock Holmes , the group, which then numbered 40 individuals,

3886-556: A result of the success of Toy Story , Pixar built a new studio at the Emeryville campus which was designed by PWP Landscape Architecture and opened in November 2000. Pixar and Disney had disagreements over the production of Toy Story 2 . Originally intended as a direct-to-video release (and thus not part of Pixar's three-picture deal), the film was eventually upgraded to a theatrical release during production. Pixar demanded that

4020-541: A seven-year lease from the Fox Corporation . On May 1, 2019, president Alan Bergman was promoted to co-chairman. Horn added the new title of the studio's chief creative officer. Disney announced a round of layoffs for the studio, mostly from 20th Century Fox, in the production and visual effects departments. They also announced on July 31, 2019, that the Fox Research Library will be folded into

4154-467: A shift in its strategy of releasing more Disney-branded (i.e. Walt Disney Pictures) films and fewer Touchstone titles. The move was expected to reduce the Group's work force by approximately 650 positions worldwide. This was a cost-cutting move with its yearly slate would consist of 12 to 15 films. After being transferred to various other division groups since they were acquired in 2004, The Muppets Studio

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4288-631: A studio chairman role. Schneider left Walt Disney Studios in June 2001 to form his own theater production company partly funded by Disney. While no successor had been named, Dick Cook, chairman of the Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group (distribution); Thomas Schumacher, president of Walt Disney Animation; and Nina Jacobson, president of the Buena Vista Motion Picture Group (production) would take on

4422-404: A subsidiary of his Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatres company (PTT), which was founded in 1977. Only one major project was made out of the new studio, an animated Christmas special for NBC starring Chuck E. Cheese and other PTT mascots; known as "Chuck E. Cheese: The Christmas That Almost Wasn't". The animation movement would be made using tweening instead of traditional cel animation. After

4556-672: A technician at his other company Atari , which Bushnell sold to Warner Communications in 1976 to focus on PTT. PTT would later go bankrupt in 1984 and be acquired by ShowBiz Pizza Place . In 1986, the newly independent Pixar was headed by President Edwin Catmull and Executive Vice President Alvy Ray Smith . Lucas's search for investors led to an offer from Steve Jobs , which Lucas initially found too low. He eventually accepted after determining it impossible to find other investors. At that point, Smith and Catmull had been declined by 35 venture capitalists and ten large corporations, including

4690-678: A theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Walt Disney Studios . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walt_Disney_Studios&oldid=1220035535 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

4824-576: Is Luxo Jr. , a desk lamp from the studio's 1986 short film of the same name . Pixar has produced 28 feature films , starting with Toy Story (1995), which is the first fully computer-animated feature film; its most recent film was Inside Out 2 (2024). The studio has also produced many short films . As of July 2023 , its feature films have earned over $ 15 billion at the worldwide box office with an average gross of $ 589 million per film. Toy Story 3 (2010), Finding Dory (2016), Incredibles 2 (2018), Toy Story 4 (2019) and

4958-569: Is a collaborative space with many pathways. The digital revolution in filmmaking was driven by applied mathematics , including computational physics and geometry . In 2008, this led Pixar senior scientist Tony DeRose to offer to host the second Julia Robinson Mathematics Festival at the Emeryville campus. Some of Pixar's first animators were former cel animators including John Lasseter, and others came from computer animation or were fresh college graduates. A large number of animators that make up its animation department had been hired around

5092-534: Is an American animation studio based in Emeryville, California , known for its critically and commercially successful computer-animated feature films. Pixar is a subsidiary of Walt Disney Studios , a division of Disney Entertainment , a segment of The Walt Disney Company . Pixar started in 1979 as part of the Lucasfilm computer division. It was known as the Graphics Group before its spin-off as

5226-558: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Walt Disney Studios (division) The Walt Disney Studios is a major division of the Disney Entertainment business segment of The Walt Disney Company best known for housing its multifaceted film studio divisions. Founded on October 16, 1923, and based mainly at the namesake studio lot in Burbank, California , it

5360-592: Is the namesake studio that encompasses the release of its own live-action productions, in addition to films produced by the company's animation studios , mainly Walt Disney Animation Studios and Pixar Animation Studios . Marvel Studios —acquired through Disney's purchase of Marvel Entertainment in 2009—produces superhero films based on Marvel Comics characters, including the Marvel Cinematic Universe franchise. Lucasfilm —acquired by Disney in 2012—develops and produces films, including those in

5494-551: Is the seventh-oldest global film studio and the fifth-oldest in the United States, a member of the Motion Picture Association (MPA) and one of the "Big Five" major film studios . The Walt Disney Studios has prominent film production companies including Walt Disney Pictures , Walt Disney Animation Studios , Pixar , Marvel Studios , Lucasfilm , 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures . Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures distributes and markets

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5628-624: The Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises. 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures —acquired by Disney in 2019 and together former members of the "Big Six" studios —produce a varied slate of films, with the latter focusing on specialty and prestige films . 20th Century also releases films produced by the animated film unit of 20th Century Animation . Disneynature is an independent film label devoted to producing nature documentary films. Pixar Pixar Animation Studios , known simply as Pixar ( / ˈ p ɪ k s ɑːr / ),

5762-583: The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature , including Finding Nemo (2003), The Incredibles (2004), Ratatouille (2007), WALL-E (2008), Up (2009), the aforementioned Toy Story 3 and Toy Story 4 , Brave (2012), Inside Out (2015), Coco (2017), and Soul (2020). Toy Story 3 and Up were also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture . In February 2009, Pixar executives John Lasseter , Brad Bird , Pete Docter , Andrew Stanton , and Lee Unkrich were presented with

5896-623: The Christmas shopping season . An added benefit of delaying Cars from November 4, 2005, to June 9, 2006, was to extend the time frame remaining on the Pixar-Disney contract, to see how things would play out between the two companies. Pending the Disney acquisition of Pixar, the two companies created a distribution deal for the intended 2007 release of Ratatouille , to ensure that if the acquisition failed, this one film would be released through Disney's distribution channels. In contrast to

6030-523: The El Capitan Theatre and the Crest by 1989. The Crest was finished first while El Capitan opened with the premiere of The Rocketeer film on June 19, 1991. In September 1990, the Walt Disney Company arranged for financing up to $ 200 million by a unit of Nomura Securities for Interscope films made for Disney. On October 23, 1990, Disney formed Touchwood Pacific Partners I to supplant

6164-648: The Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement by the Venice Film Festival . The physical award was ceremoniously handed to Lucasfilm's founder, George Lucas . Pixar got its start in 1974, when New York Institute of Technology 's (NYIT) founder, Alexander Schure , who was also the owner of a traditional animation studio, established the Computer Graphics Lab (CGL) and recruited computer scientists who shared his ambitions about creating

6298-545: The Golden Oak Ranch for feature films and television series productions complimenting its main Burbank studio . By the 1980s, the Walt Disney Company's collection of film units emerged as one of Hollywood's major film studios , mostly due to newly designed efforts in branding strategies, a resurgence of Walt Disney Productions' animated releases and unprecedented box office successes, particularly from Touchstone Pictures . The Walt Disney Productions film division

6432-829: The Silver Screen Partnership series as their movie studios' primary funding source. In 1992, Walt Disney Studios agreed to fund a production company, Caravan Pictures , for exiting 20th Century Fox chairman Joe Roth . In 1993, Miramax Films was purchased for $ 60 million by Disney. On March 30, 1992, Disney Studios agreed to sell KCAL-TV to Pineland, Inc. for a 45% ownership stake in Pineland, so as to have interest in TV stations in both large markets, Los Angeles and New York City, allowing for increased original programming. Instead Pineland agreed to an unsolicited bid in May from Chris-Craft Industries thus ending

6566-477: The video game crash of 1983 , Bushnell started selling some subsidiaries of PTT to keep the business afloat. Sente Technologies (another division, was founded to have games distributed in PTT stores) was sold to Bally Games and Kadabrascope was sold to Lucasfilm. The Kadabrascope assets were combined with the Computer Division of Lucasfilm. Coincidentally, one of Steve Jobs 's first jobs was under Bushnell in 1973 as

6700-529: The "Fox" name from the studio's 20th Century Fox and Fox Searchlight Pictures branding. The two studios were renamed as 20th Century Studios and Searchlight Pictures, respectively. Similar to other Disney film units, films produced under the 20th Century Studios began to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in the same year. Searchlight Pictures continues to operate their autonomous distribution unit in North America. In December 2020, it

6834-408: The 10- to 15-percent distribution fee. In addition, as part of any distribution agreement with Disney, Pixar demanded control over films already in production under the old agreement, including The Incredibles (2004) and Cars (2006). Disney considered these conditions unacceptable, but Pixar would not concede. Disagreements between Steve Jobs and Disney chairman and CEO Michael Eisner caused

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6968-451: The 1990s and 2000s, Pixar gradually developed the "Pixar Braintrust", the studio's primary creative development process, in which all of its directors, writers, and lead storyboard artists regularly examine each other's projects and give very candid "notes", the industry term for constructive criticism . The Braintrust operates under a philosophy of a "filmmaker-driven studio", in which creatives help each other move their films forward through

7102-703: The Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group was formed by Roth to unite the Disney, Touchstone and Hollywood film production units with leadership under David Vogel. This was in order to centralize the various production units and to make live-action film production within Disney more cost-efficient. Roth also determined that the studio's year production slate should be cut. In August 1998, Roger Birnbaum, Caravan's co-founder, left at Roth's prompting to co-found Spyglass Entertainment with former Morgan Creek Productions vice chairman and COO Gary Barber , in which Disney gave Caravan's development slate,

7236-614: The Computer Graphics Lab. He was then reunited with Smith, who also made the journey from NYIT to Lucasfilm, and was made the director of the Graphics Group. At NYIT, the researchers pioneered many of the CG foundation techniques — in particular, the invention of the alpha channel by Catmull and Smith. Over the next several years, the CGL would produce a few frames of an experimental film called The Works . After moving to Lucasfilm,

7370-407: The Pixar brand. In June 2023, Disney laid off 75 employees including the director of Lightyear Angus MacLane , and the film's producer Galyn Susman. During that same month, Elemental was released. During the film's opening weekend, Docter stated that Pixar "trained audiences that these films will be available for you on Disney+". Despite opening below projections, Elemental ultimately made

7504-557: The Principal Creative Adviser at Walt Disney Imagineering , which designs and builds the company's theme parks . Catmull retained his position as President of Pixar, while also becoming President of Walt Disney Animation Studios, reporting to Iger and Dick Cook , chairman of the Walt Disney Studios . Jobs's position as Pixar's chairman and chief executive officer was abolished, and instead, he took

7638-540: The Seven Dwarfs , premiered in December 1937 and became the highest-grossing film of that time by 1939. In the 1940s, Disney began experimenting with full-length live-action films, with the introduction of hybrid live action-animated films such as The Reluctant Dragon (1941) and Song of the South (1946). That same decade, the studio began producing nature documentaries with the release of Seal Island (1948),

7772-725: The Walt Disney Archives and the Imagineering Research Library by January 2020. The studio announced a 10-year lease of most of the Pinewood Studios near London from the Pinewood Group in September 2019 to start in 2020. In August 2019, Disney became the first studio to have five films to gross over $ 1 billion at the worldwide box office in a single year. Walt Disney Studios became the first major studio to reach $ 10 billion at

7906-441: The Walt Disney Company announced to acquire computer animation leader Pixar . The deal was finalized in May 2006. Pixar executive Ed Catmull would serve as president of both Pixar and Disney feature animation studios. Pixar executive vice president John Lasseter became chief creative officer for Pixar and the feature animated studios as well as helping to develop new Disney theme park attractions. In July 2006, Disney announced

8040-564: The Walt Disney Studios or CC/ABC. Units returning to the studio were Walt Disney Television, Disney Television Animation , Touchstone Television and Buena Vista Home Entertainment . Buena Vista International - Latin America and two other companies became owners of Patagonik Film Group , an Argentina-based production company, in 1997. In late 1997, Disney bid on CDR 's Epic movie library but lost to PolyGram Filmed Entertainment . Disney's Buena Vista Distribution and Cinergi Pictures had

8174-673: The Walt Disney Studios. Fox's filmed entertainment CEO Stacey Snider exited following the acquisition. Fox executives Emma Watts, Nancy Utley and Stephen Gilula joined the Walt Disney Company on March 20, 2019. On March 21, 2019, Disney announced that the Fox 2000 label would be shut down by the end of the year after releasing its films in production. 20th Century Fox Animation was also repositioned to directly report to chairman Horn. 20th Century Fox and its related studios will keep their headquarters on their studio lot in Century City, thanks to

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8308-513: The Witch from Brave (2012). Additionally, Pixar is known for their films having expensive budgets, ranging from $ 150–200 million. Some of these films include Ratatouille (2007), Toy Story 3 (2010), Toy Story 4 (2019), Incredibles 2 (2018), Inside Out (2015), Inside Out 2 (2024), The Good Dinosaur (2015), the aforementioned Onward and Soul , Turning Red , Lightyear (both 2022), and Elemental (2023). In

8442-438: The acquisition was completed on May 5, 2006. The transaction catapulted Jobs, who owned 49.65% of total share interest in Pixar, to Disney's largest individual shareholder with 7%, valued at $ 3.9 billion, and a new seat on its board of directors. Jobs' new Disney holdings exceeded holdings belonging to Eisner, the previous top shareholder, who still held 1.7%; and Disney Director Emeritus Roy E. Disney , who held almost 1% of

8576-499: The aforementioned Inside Out 2 all grossed over $ 1 billion and are among the 50 highest-grossing films of all time . Moreover, 15 of Pixar's films are in the 50 highest-grossing animated films of all time . Inside Out 2 is currently the highest grossing animated film of all time. Pixar has earned 23 Academy Awards , 10 Golden Globe Awards , and 11 Grammy Awards , along with numerous other awards and acknowledgments . Since its inauguration in 2001, eleven Pixar films have won

8710-602: The company "had productive discussions with the newly installed leadership at the Los Angeles Times regarding our specific concerns", and had reversed its ban. In December 2017, Disney announced plans to purchase 21st Century Fox (21CF) for $ 52.4 billion. In preparation for integration of 21st Century Fox assets in March 2018, Disney created a new segment named Walt Disney Direct-to-Consumer and International , merging two segments and transferring various units to

8844-508: The computer graphics industry's largest convention. However, the Image Computer had inadequate sales which threatened to end the company as financial losses grew. Jobs increased investment in exchange for an increased stake, reducing the proportion of management and employee ownership until eventually, his total investment of $ 50 million gave him control of the entire company. In 1989, Lasseter's growing animation department which

8978-462: The core, Lasseter said, "it's gotta be about the growth of the main character and how he changes." Actor John Ratzenberger , who had previously starred in the television series Cheers (1982–1993), has voiced a character in every Pixar feature film from Toy Story through Onward (2020). A non-speaking background character in Soul (2020) bears his likeness. Pixar paid tribute to Ratzenberger in

9112-518: The corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company. Walt Disney Studio (1926–1929), the second name of The Walt Disney Company Walt Disney Animation Studios , the main animation division of The Walt Disney Company Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of The Walt Disney Company who releases films released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment ,

9246-450: The corporation's shares. Pixar shareholders received 2.3 shares of Disney common stock for each share of Pixar common stock redeemed. As part of the deal, John Lasseter, by then Executive Vice President, became Chief Creative Officer (reporting directly to president and CEO Bob Iger and consulting with Disney Director Roy E. Disney) of both Pixar and Walt Disney Animation Studios (including its division Disneytoon Studios ), as well as

9380-573: The day-to-day running of the studio facilities and products. After a few years, Lasseter and Catmull were able to successfully transfer the basic principles of the Pixar Braintrust to Disney Animation, although meetings of the Disney Story Trust are reportedly "more polite" than those of the Pixar Braintrust. Catmull later explained that after the merger, to maintain the studios' separate identities and cultures (notwithstanding

9514-610: The deal to ensure that Pixar remained a separate entity , a concern that analysts had expressed about the Disney deal. Some of those conditions were that Pixar HR policies would remain intact, including the lack of employment contracts. Also, the Pixar name was guaranteed to continue, and the studio would remain in its current Emeryville, California , location with the "Pixar" sign. Finally, branding of films made post-merger would be "Disney•Pixar" (beginning with Cars ). Jim Morris , producer of WALL-E (2008), became general manager of Pixar. In this new position, Morris took charge of

9648-553: The depiction of smoking and tobacco products from Walt Disney Pictures-branded films, as well as limiting such depictions in Touchstone and Miramax films. In April 2008, the Studio announced the formation of Disneynature , a nature film production label. The Studio launched its Kingdom Comics division in May, led by writer-actor Ahmet Zappa , television executive Harris Katleman and writer-editor Christian Beranek . Kingdom

9782-528: The distribution rights previously held by Paramount for Marvel Studios' Iron Man , Iron Man 2 , Thor , and Captain America: The First Avenger . In December of that same year, Disney purchased the distribution and marketing rights to future Indiana Jones films from Paramount. Paramount will continue distributing the first four films and receive "financial participation" from any additional films . In March 2015, Iger expanded

9916-468: The distribution rights to Marvel's The Avengers and Iron Man 3 in October 2010. In May 2011, Disney India and UTV Motion Pictures agreed to co-produce Disney-branded family films, with both companies handling creative function and UTV producing, marketing and distributing the films. In August 2011, Disney fired Marvel Studios ' marketing department in a restructuring. Disney would take over

10050-413: The earlier Pixar deal, Ratatouille was meant to remain a Pixar property and Disney would have received a distribution fee. The completion of Disney's Pixar acquisition, however, nullified this distribution arrangement. After extended negotiations, Disney ultimately agreed on January 24, 2006, to buy Pixar for approximately $ 7.4 billion in an all-stock deal . Following Pixar shareholder approval,

10184-483: The end credits of Cars (2006) by parodying scenes from three of its earlier films ( Toy Story , Monsters, Inc. , and A Bug's Life ), replacing all of the characters with motor vehicle versions of them and giving each film an automotive-based title. After the third scene, Mack (his character in Cars ) realizes that the same actor has been voicing characters in every film. Due to the traditions that have occurred within

10318-503: The fact of common ownership and common senior management), he and Lasseter "drew a hard line" that each studio was solely responsible for its own projects and would not be allowed to borrow personnel from or lend tasks out to the other. The rule ensures that each studio maintains "local ownership" of projects and can be proud of its own work. Thus for example, when Pixar had issues with Ratatouille and Disney Animation had issues with Bolt (2008), "nobody bailed them out" and each studio

10452-411: The film then be counted toward the three-picture agreement, but Disney refused. Though profitable for both, Pixar later complained that the arrangement was not equitable. Pixar was responsible for creation and production, while Disney handled marketing and distribution. Profits and production costs were split equally, but Disney exclusively owned all story, character, and sequel rights and also collected

10586-528: The films and shorts such as anthropomorphic creatures and objects, and easter egg crossovers between films and shorts that have been spotted by Pixar fans, a blog post titled The Pixar Theory was published in 2013 by Jon Negroni, and popularized by the YouTube channel Super Carlin Brothers, proposing that all of the characters within the Pixar universe were related, surrounding Boo from Monsters Inc. and

10720-479: The financial and administrative divisions of Walt Disney Pictures and Television, appointing four directors to the newly created vice president positions, included were John Covas, Linda Stefansen, Anne Waldeck and Lloyd Wendkos, although Covas became the new vice president of administration for Buena Vista Pictures Distribution , while Linda Stefansen was promoted from director of finance at Walt Disney Pictures ' marketing division to vice president of administration at

10854-401: The first animated streaming film to win the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature . Pixar's next two features, Luca and Turning Red , were also released free on Disney+ in June 2021 and March 2022, respectively. In 2021, several Pixar employees anonymously criticized Disney's decision to release their films direct to Disney+. Lightyear , Pixar's first movie to return to theaters

10988-437: The first film was still some years away, and they needed to focus on a proper product until then. Eventually, they decided they should be a hardware company in the meantime, with their Pixar Image Computer as the core product, a system primarily sold to governmental, scientific, and medical markets. They also used SGI computers. In 1983, Nolan Bushnell founded a new computer-guided animation studio called Kadabrascope as

11122-669: The first of the True-Life Adventures series and a subsequent Academy Award winner for Best Live-Action Short Film . Walt Disney Productions had its first fully live-action film in 1950 with the release of Treasure Island , considered by Disney to be the official conception for what would eventually evolve into the modern-day Walt Disney Pictures . By 1953, the company ended their agreements with such third-party distributors as RKO Radio Pictures and United Artists and formed their own distribution company, Buena Vista Distribution . Disney Productions purchased in 1959

11256-535: The first studio president, Schneider had supervisory control of all films released by the Disney labels. In July, Walt Disney Television , including Buena Vista Television Productions, were transferred from the Walt Disney Studios to ABC Television Network to merge with ABC's prime-time division, forming the ABC Entertainment Television Group. Roth left to form his own production company in January 2000, with Schneider moving to

11390-470: The formation of Hollywood Pictures division, which would only share marketing and distribution with Touchstone, to fill the void. Walt Disney Television and Touchstone Television were grouped together under Garth Ancier as president of network television for the Walt Disney Studios on April 18, 1989. Late in the 1980s, Disney purchased a controlling stake in one of Pacific Theatres ' chains leading Disney's Buena Vista Theaters and Pacific to renovate

11524-486: The global box office in December 2019, breaking their previous record in 2016. The studio ended 2019 eventually earning $ 13.2 billion in worldwide box office. Disney achieved this on the strength of Avengers: Endgame , The Lion King , Captain Marvel , Toy Story 4 , Aladdin , Frozen II , and Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker all earning over $ 1 billion. On January 17, 2020, Disney announced it would drop

11658-467: The global box office, reaching the milestone in 17 days. It also out-grossed Incredibles 2 to become the highest grossing Pixar film globally. When Steve Jobs , chief executive officer of Apple Inc. and Pixar, and John Lasseter , then-executive vice president of Pixar, decided to move their studios from a leased space in Point Richmond, California , to larger quarters of their own, they chose

11792-411: The income from these projects, the company still continued to lose money and Steve Jobs, as chairman of the board and now owner, often considered selling it. As late as 1994, Jobs contemplated selling Pixar to other companies such as Hallmark Cards , Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen , and Oracle CEO and co-founder Larry Ellison . After learning from New York critics that Toy Story would probably be

11926-400: The label. Berger was pushed out as a new CEO was appointed for Walt Disney Productions later in 1984, as Michael Eisner brought his own film chief, Jeffrey Katzenberg and film studio president, Richard H. Frank. Touchstone and Hollywood Pictures were formed within that unit on February 15, 1984, and February 1, 1989, respectively. In October 1984, Daily Variety had identified Disney as

12060-426: The largest amount raised for a film financing limited partnership by E.F. Hutton. Also in 1985, TV production company Witt/Thomas/Harris Productions begin signing a deal with Disney to produce feature films and TV shows. In 1987, the Walt Disney Studios, which until now, had sporadically acquired independently produced films, has plans to aggressively pick up properties for distribution in an effort to become "more of

12194-557: The launch of Disney+ , Pixar debuted SparkShorts , experimental shorts done by Pixar staff. Pixar released Onward on March 6, 2020. However, due to the start of the COVID-19 pandemic , the film underperformed at the box office and was released onto rental digital services on March 20, and later on Disney+ on April 3. Due to the pandemic, Soul was moved to November 2020, and ultimately released on December 25, 2020, on Disney+ at no additional cost to subscribers, and later became

12328-459: The layoff of 30 employees in the company's computer hardware department—including the company's president, Chuck Kolstad, reduced the total number of employees to just 42, approximately its original number. On March 6, 1991, Steve Jobs bought the company from its employees and became the full owner. He contemplated folding it into NeXT, but the NeXT's co-founders refused. A few months later Pixar made

12462-511: The majority of the content produced by these studios for both theatrical exhibition and the company's streaming services . In 2019, Disney posted an industry record of $ 13.2 billion at the global box office . The studio owns eight of the top ten highest-grossing films of all time worldwide, and several of the highest-grossing film franchises of all time. Walt Disney Productions began production of their first feature-length animated film in 1934. Taking three years to complete, Snow White and

12596-422: The marketing and distribution of future Marvel titles, beginning with the 2012 release of The Avengers . On April 20, 2012, Ross was fired as studio chairman. Former Warner Bros. chief Alan Horn was named chairman on May 31, 2012. On October 30, 2012, Lucasfilm agreed to be purchased by the Walt Disney Company and a new Star Wars trilogy was announced. The deal was finalized on December 21. Later on

12730-427: The negotiations to cease in 2004, with Disney forming Circle Seven Animation and Jobs declaring that Pixar was actively seeking partners other than Disney. Despite this announcement and several talks with Warner Bros. , Sony Pictures , and 20th Century Fox , Pixar did not enter negotiations with other distributors, although a Warner Bros. spokesperson told CNN , "We would love to be in business with Pixar. They are

12864-605: The new segment, including the Janice Marinelli-led Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment . On June 28, 2018, DisneyToon Studios was shut down. On June 8, 2018, Disney announced Lasseter would be leaving the company by the end of the year, but would take on a consulting role until then. On June 19, 2018, Pete Docter and Jennifer Lee were announced as Lasseter's replacements as chief creative officers of Pixar and Disney Animation, respectively. In December 2018,

12998-471: The next few years, a designer suggested naming a new digital compositing computer the "Picture Maker". Smith suggested that the laser-based device have a catchier name, and came up with "Pixer", which after a meeting was changed to "Pixar". According to Michael Rubin , the author of Droidmaker: George Lucas and the Digital Revolution , Smith and three other employees came up with the name during

13132-447: The ongoing coronavirus pandemic 's continued economic impact on the company's businesses; it was no longer sustainable for Disney to run a third feature animation studio. The studio's film library and intellectual properties would still be retained by Disney. Disney Music Group was reorganized back under Walt Disney Studios on February 8, 2023. On April 26, 2023, 20th Digital Studio was dissolved. Animation Walt Disney Pictures

13266-419: The open market for Macintosh and Windows systems. RenderMan is one of the leading 3D packages of the early 1990s, and Typestry is a special-purpose 3D text renderer that competed with RayDream. During this period of time, Pixar continued its successful relationship with Walt Disney Feature Animation , a studio whose corporate parent would ultimately become its most important partner. As 1991 began, however,

13400-481: The planned business merger with Disney's KCAL. David Hoberman , president of Walt Disney Pictures and Touchstone, was promoted by Katzenberg to president of motion pictures at Walt Disney Studios in April 1994 , while Ricardo Mestres was forced out as president of Hollywood Pictures in exchange for a production deal. On August 24, 1994, with Katzenberg's resignation, Walt Disney Studios was reorganized by spinning off

13534-590: The primary home video media distributor of The Walt Disney Company Walt Disney Television Studios, the former incarnation of Disney Television Studios , the television studios arm of The Walt Disney Company See also [ edit ] Disney Interactive Studios , former video game studio Walt Disney Studios Park , a theme park in Marne-la-Vallée, France opened in 2002. Part of the Disneyland Paris resort Disney's Hollywood Studios ,

13668-468: The release of Return of the Jedi , they knew he would most likely sell the whole Graphics Group. Worried that the employees would be lost to them if that happened, which would prevent the creation of the first computer-animated movie, they concluded that the best way to keep the team together was to turn the group into an independent company. But Moore's Law also suggested that sufficient computing power for

13802-568: The releases of A Bug's Life (1998), Monsters, Inc. (2001), and Finding Nemo (2003). The success of Toy Story (1995) made Pixar the first major computer-animation studio to successfully produce theatrical feature films. The majority of the animation industry was (and still is) located in Los Angeles, and Pixar is located 350 miles (560 km) north in the San Francisco Bay Area . Traditional hand-drawn animation

13936-412: The resources the group needed but contributing to NYIT's financial difficulties. Eventually, the group realized they needed to work in a real film studio to reach their goal. Francis Ford Coppola then invited Smith to his house for a three-day media conference, where Coppola and George Lucas shared their visions for the future of digital moviemaking. When Lucas approached the group and offered them

14070-411: The responsibilities of Schneider while continuing in their current positions. In February 2002, Cook was named as studio chairman. In January 2002, Buena Vista International - Latin America formed a joint venture production company, Miravista, with Admira, Telefónica 's content production and distribution division, for primarily Brazilian and Mexican film productions. In January 2003, Disney initiated

14204-482: The right choice. In May 1986 Pixar signed a contract with Disney, who eventually bought and used the Pixar Image Computer and custom software written by Pixar as part of its Computer Animation Production System (CAPS) project, to migrate the laborious ink and paint part of the 2D animation process to a more automated method. The company's first feature film to be released using this new animation method

14338-451: The same company, Anne Waldeck was moved into the vice president administrative position for Buena Vista Home Video , and Lloyd Wendkos was named vice president of administration at Buena Vista International . In April 1988, Touchstone became a unit of Walt Disney Pictures with newly appointed head Ricardo Mestres. With several production companies getting out of film production or closing shop by December 1988, Walt Disney Studios announced

14472-479: The same day, Disney agreed to have Netflix as its exclusive U.S. television subscription service for first-run Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar Animation Studios, Marvel Studios and Disneynature feature films starting in 2016, replacing its agreement with Starz that ends in 2015. In April 2013, the Walt Disney Studios laid off 150 workers, including staff from its marketing and home entertainment units. In July 2013, Disney acquired all of

14606-431: The seventh major film studio due to the hiring of Eisner as Disney chairman and his plans for the company. In late 1984, Fred Silverman and his InterMedia production company has struck a deal with the Walt Disney Studios. Organized in 1985, Silver Screen Partners II, L.P. financed films for Disney with $ 193 million in funding. In January 1987, Silver Screen III began financing films for Disney with $ 300 million raised,

14740-715: The studio briefly banned reporters of the Los Angeles Times from attending pre-release screenings for its films, after it had published reports on Disney's political influence in the Anaheim area that the company deemed to be "biased and inaccurate". After a boycott effort emerged among several notable critics and publications (including Washington Post blogger Alyssa Rosenberg, The New York Times , and Boston Globe critic Ty Burr ), and several major film critic societies threatened to disqualify Disney films from their year-end awards in retaliation, Disney stated that

14874-413: The studio proceeded with slightly smaller layoffs: 175 employees or approximately 14 percent of the studio's workforce of over 1,300 employees. The layoffs occurred as the studio began to rely less on direct-to-streaming series and more on feature films intended primarily for theatrical exhibition. On June 14 of the same year, Inside Out 2 was released and became financially successful. The film had

15008-520: The studio surpassed $ 7 billion in global box office for the calendar year. It was the second time in history that any studio had surpassed the $ 7 billion mark, after Disney's own industry-record global gross of $ 7.6 billion in 2016. Following the acquisition of 21st Century Fox, Disney announced that the film divisions of Fox Entertainment Group (including 20th Century Fox , Fox Searchlight Pictures , Fox 2000 Pictures , 20th Century Fox Animation , Blue Sky Studios , and Fox Family) would be folded into

15142-422: The studio's smoking and tobacco prohibition to include all films released by the studio—including PG-13 rated films and below—unless such depictions are historically pertinent. The studio and Shanghai Media Group Pictures signed a multi-year movie development agreement, before the March 6, 2014, announcement, in which Chinese themes would be incorporated into Disney-branded movies. In August 2015, Marvel Studios

15276-465: The team worked on creating the precursor to RenderMan , called REYES (for "renders everything you ever saw"), and developed several critical technologies for CG — including particle effects and various animation tools. John Lasseter was hired to the Lucasfilm team for a week in late 1983 with the title "interface designer"; he animated the short film The Adventures of André & Wally B. In

15410-481: The top 10 films of the year with a record four of them, The Jungle Book , Finding Dory , Captain America: Civil War , and Rogue One: A Star Wars Story , with opening weekend takes of over $ 100 million. Four films in 2016 grossed over $ 1 billion and another $ 966 million globally. Two studio units' (Pixar and Marvel Studios) combined lifetime library grosses passed $ 10 billion. In November 2017,

15544-457: The world's first computer-animated film. Edwin Catmull and Malcolm Blanchard were the first to be hired and were soon joined by Alvy Ray Smith and David DiFrancesco some months later, who were the four original members of the Computer Graphics Lab, located in a converted two-story garage acquired from the former Vanderbilt - Whitney estate. Schure invested significant funds into the computer graphics lab, approximately $ 15 million, providing

15678-489: The year. In its first half-hour of trading, Pixar stock shot from $ 22 to $ 45, delaying trading because of unmatched buy orders. Shares climbed to US$ 49 and closed the day at $ 39. The company continued to make the television commercials during the production of Toy Story , which came to an end on July 9, 1996, when Pixar announced they would shut down its television commercial unit, which counted 18 employees, to focus on longer projects and interactive entertainment. During

15812-409: Was The Rescuers Down Under (1990). In a bid to drive sales of the system and increase the company's capital, Jobs suggested releasing the product to the mainstream market. Pixar employee John Lasseter, who had long been working on not-for-profit short demonstration animations, such as Luxo Jr. (1986) to show off the device's capabilities, premiered his creations to great fanfare at SIGGRAPH ,

15946-468: Was announced that Lee Unkrich would be leaving Pixar after 25 years. On June 21, 2019, Toy Story 4 was released, surpassing the widest opening worldwide weekend record that Incredibles 2 set. The film would make over $ 1 billion and win the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. During the 2019 D23 Expo , Pixar announced that their next film, Soul , would release in 2020. Ahead of

16080-442: Was announced that effective January 1, 2021, Bergman would become chairman, overseeing creative, production, marketing, and operations for it, while Horn would remain as the studios' Chief Creative Officer, focusing solely on Disney's creative pipeline, and working in conjunction with Bergman on the studio's creative plans. On February 9, 2021, Disney announced that Blue Sky Studios would be closed effective April 2021, due in part to

16214-418: Was closed down to refocus Pixar's efforts at its main headquarters. In November 2014, Morris was promoted to president of Pixar, while his counterpart at Disney Animation, general manager Andrew Millstein, was also promoted to president of that studio. Both continued to report to Catmull, who retained the title of president of both Disney Animation and Pixar. On November 21, 2017, Lasseter announced that he

16348-414: Was designed so that traditional animators would require a minimum amount of training before becoming productive. In a 2007 interview with PBS talk show host Tavis Smiley , Lasseter said that Pixar's films follow the same theme of self-improvement as the company itself has: with the help of friends or family, a character ventures out into the real world and learns to appreciate his friends and family. At

16482-426: Was designed to create new properties for possible film development and re-imagine and redevelop existing movies from the Disney library, with Disney Publishing Worldwide getting a first look for publishing. On February 9, 2009, Walt Disney Studios entered a 7-year, 30-picture distribution deal with DreamWorks Studios , by which DreamWorks' films would be released through the Touchstone banner, with Disney collecting

16616-456: Was forced out as chairman, after allegedly having been asked to do so by Iger, for resisting change that Iger felt was needed and the previous year's poor results. He was then replaced by Disney Channels Worldwide president Rich Ross on October 5, 2009. The Walt Disney Company completed its acquisition of Marvel Entertainment in December 2009 for $ 4.2 billion. Disney closed a deal with Paramount Pictures to transfer worldwide marketing and

16750-460: Was incorporated into the Walt Disney Studios' Special Events Group in 2006. In April 2007, Disney retired the Buena Vista brand. Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group and Buena Vista Pictures Distribution were renamed as Walt Disney Motion Pictures Group and Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , respectively. Hollywood Pictures was also retired as well. In July 2007, Disney CEO Bob Iger banned

16884-536: Was incorporated on April 1, 1983 as Walt Disney Pictures . In April 1983, Richard Berger was hired by Disney CEO Ron W. Miller as film president. Berger diversified the studio's output by green-lighting "more adult, more mature" films targeted toward adult audiences. As a result, Touchstone Films was started by Miller in February 1984 as a label for their films (rated PG and higher) with an expected half of Disney's 6 to 8 films yearly slate would be released under

17018-508: Was integrated into Walt Disney Studios with president Kevin Feige reporting to Disney studio chief Alan Horn instead of Marvel Entertainment CEO Isaac Perlmutter . Perlmutter continued to oversee Marvel Television and Marvel Animation until 2019, in which they were folded back into Marvel Studios. In January 2016, Disney received ownership of all fourteen DreamWorks films it distributed, in compensation for outstanding loans as DreamWorks

17152-514: Was originally composed of just four people (Lasseter, Bill Reeves , Eben Ostby , and Sam Leffler ), was turned into a division that produced computer-animated commercials for outside companies. In April 1990, Pixar sold its hardware division, including all proprietary hardware technology and imaging software, to Vicom Systems, and transferred 18 of Pixar's approximately 100 employees. In the same year Pixar moved from San Rafael to Richmond, California . Pixar released some of its software tools on

17286-410: Was released in June 2022. The film became a box-office failure with Deadline Hollywood calculating the film lost the studio $ 106 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues. In September 2022, Jonas Rivera was promoted to Executive VP of Film Production at Pixar overseeing all film and streaming production. In December 2022, Disney CEO Bob Iger noted that they would rely more on

17420-402: Was required "to solve the problem on its own" despite knowing that there were personnel at the other studio who theoretically could have helped. On April 20, 2010, Pixar opened Pixar Canada in the downtown area of Vancouver , British Columbia, Canada. The roughly 2,000 square meters studio produced seven short films based on Toy Story and Cars characters. In October 2013, the studio

17554-551: Was restructured into Amblin Partners . Later that same year, Disney distributed The Light Between Oceans —the fourteenth and final film in the DreamWorks distribution deal—and also the last film released under Touchstone. On December 19, 2016, Walt Disney Studios became the first major studio to reach $ 7 billion at the global box office. This surpasses Universal's record from 2015 of $ 6.89 billion. Disney did it with five of

17688-430: Was spun out as a corporation in February 1986 by Catmull and Smith. Among the 38 remaining employees were Malcolm Blanchard, David DiFrancesco, Ralph Guggenheim , and Bill Reeves, who had been part of the team since the days of NYIT. Tom Duff , also an NYIT member, would later join Pixar after its formation. With Lucas's 1983 divorce, which coincided with the sudden dropoff in revenues from Star Wars licenses following

17822-409: Was still the dominant medium for feature animated films. With the scarcity of Los Angeles-based animators willing to move their families so far north to give up traditional animation and try computer animation, Pixar's new hires at this time either came directly from college or had worked outside feature animation. For those who had traditional animation skills, the Pixar animation software Marionette

17956-408: Was taking a six-month leave of absence after acknowledging what he called "missteps" in his behavior with employees in a memo to staff. According to The Hollywood Reporter and The Washington Post , Lasseter had a history of alleged sexual misconduct towards employees. On June 8, 2018, it was announced that Lasseter would leave Disney Animation and Pixar at the end of the year, but would take on

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