Misplaced Pages

#792207

40-656: The Region was created as West Kazakhstan Oblast in Kazakh SSR of Soviet Union . Between 1962 and 1992 it was named Ural’sk Oblast and was renamed in 1993 to the old name following the independence of Kazakhstan from the Soviet Union. The region borders Russia and is near the Ural Mountains . The Ural River is the border between Asia and Europe and flows from Russia to the Caspian Sea through

80-422: A 'transcontinental state'. Contiguous transcontinental states are those countries that have one continuous or immediately adjacent piece of territory that spans a continental boundary . More specifically, they contain a portion of their territory on one continent and a portion of their territory on another continent, while having these two portions connected via a natural geological land connection (e.g. Russia) or

120-399: A body of water or by other countries (such as in the case of France). Most non-contiguous transcontinental countries are countries with dependencies like United Kingdom with its overseas territories , but can be countries that have fully integrated former dependencies in their central states like France with its overseas regions . For the purposes of this article, a seven-continent model

160-514: Is a list of countries with territory that straddles more than one continent , known as transcontinental states or intercontinental states . Contiguous transcontinental countries are states that have one continuous or immediately-adjacent piece of territory that spans a continental boundary , most commonly the line that separates Asia and Europe. By contrast, non-contiguous transcontinental countries are those states that have portions of territory that are separated from one another either by

200-413: Is also one of the drivers of the region’s economy. During the first half of 2020, the gross agricultural production of the region totaled ₸59.8252 billion, of which ₸59.6761 billion came from livestock farming, and the remaining amount coming from crop production and various agricultural services. The main crops grown in the region include wheat, barley, sunflower, safflower, and potatoes. As of July 1, 2020,

240-489: Is assumed based on common terms of reference by English language geographers. Combined continents like "the Americas" and "Eurasia" are not acknowledged or referenced. The boundary between Asia and Europe is largely conventional (much of it over land), and several conventions remained in use well into the 20th century. However, the now-prevalent convention—which has been in use by some cartographers since about 1850—follows

280-664: Is at some point on the Colombia–Panama border , with the most common demarcation in atlases and other sources following the Darién Mountains watershed where the Isthmus of Panama meets the South American continent (see Darién Gap ). This area encompasses a large watershed, forest and mountains in the northern portion of Colombia 's Chocó Department and Panama 's Darién province. Some geographers prefer to use

320-685: The Catabathmus Magnus escarpment taken as the boundary with Africa (Libya) . The conventional Asia-Europe boundary was subject to considerable variation during the 18th and 19th centuries, indicated anywhere between the Don River and the Caucasus to the south or the Ural Mountains to the east. Since the late 19th century, the Caucasus–Urals boundary has become almost universally accepted. According to this now-standard convention,

360-491: The Caucasus northern chain, the Ural River and the Ural Mountains , is used for the purposes of this list. This convention results in several countries such as in the case of Azerbaijan , Kazakhstan , and Turkey finding themselves almost entirely in 'Asia', with a few small enclaves or districts technically in 'Europe'. Notwithstanding these anomalies, this list of transcontinental or intercontinental states respects

400-585: The Kazakh SSR , KaSSR , or simply Kazakhstan , was one of the transcontinental constituent republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1936 to 1991. Located in northern Central Asia , it was created on 5 December 1936 from the Kazakh ASSR , an autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR . At 2,717,300 square kilometres (1,049,200 sq mi) in area, it was the second-largest republic in

440-667: The Panama Canal as the physical boundary between North and South America instead. Under this convention, its capital Panama City is classified as a South American city. Given the competing claims, the Panamanian sports governing bodies affiliate to differing continental/regional confederations: its athletics federation to South America's , its soccer federation to North, Central America and Caribbean's ; its Olympic committee to both South America's and Central America's . The special case of Caribbean islands adjacent to

SECTION 10

#1732773351793

480-653: The Kazakh SSR. Kazakhs viewed his internationalist goals as a call for " Russification ". Beginning in 1937, the Soviet Government began a series of forced deportations of ethnic minorities, such as Soviet Koreans, the Volga Germans and various other minorities to the Kazakh SSR, a programme that ended only with Stalin's death in 1953. 48°N 68°E  /  48°N 68°E  / 48; 68 Transcontinental country This

520-603: The Soviet Union began, the removal of the Korean population from the Russian Far East to Kazakhstan. Over 170,000 people were forcibly relocated to the Kazakh and Uzbek SSRs . Kazakhstani Korean scholar German Kim assumes that one of the reasons for this deportation may have been Stalin's intent to oppress ethnic minorities that could have posed a threat to his socialist system or he may have intended to consolidate

560-466: The Soviet Union and formed the Commonwealth of Independent States in its place which Kazakhstan joined. The Soviet Union officially ceased to exist as a sovereign state on 26 December 1991 and Kazakhstan became an internationally recognized independent state. On 28 January 1993, the new Constitution of Kazakhstan was officially adopted. According to the 1897 census, the earliest census taken in

600-633: The Soviet Union passed through the Karaganda Corrective Labor Camp (KarLag) between 1931 and 1959, with an unknown number of deaths. During the 1950s and 1960s, Soviet citizens were urged to settle in the Virgin Lands of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The influx of immigrants , mostly Russians , skewed the ethnic mixture and enabled non-Kazakhs to outnumber natives. As a result,

640-677: The USSR, after the Russian SFSR . Its capital was Alma-Ata (today known as Almaty). During its existence as a Soviet Socialist Republic, it was ruled by the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR (QKP). On 25 October 1990, the Supreme Soviet of the Kazakh SSR declared its sovereignty on its soil. QKP first secretary Nursultan Nazarbayev was elected president in April of that year – a role he remained in until 2019. The Kazakh SSR

680-543: The border regions with China and Japan by using them as political bargaining chips. Additionally, historian Kim points out that 1.7 million people perished in the Kazakh famine of 1931–33 , while an additional one million people fled from the Republic, causing a labour shortage in that area, which Stalin sought to compensate for by deporting other ethnicities there. Over one million political prisoners from various parts of

720-714: The boundary follows the Aegean Sea , the Turkish Straits , the Black Sea , along the watershed of the Greater Caucasus , the northwestern portion of the Caspian Sea and along the Ural River and Ural Mountains to the Arctic Ocean . According to this convention, the following countries have territory in both Asia and Europe. The conventional boundary between North America and South America

760-525: The campaign was eventually abandoned in the 1960s. In the early days of the Soviet Union, Kazakh culture was both developed and restrained, and later many Kazakh cultural figures were imprisoned, exiled, or killed in Joseph Stalin 's purges. However, after the Stalinist era , Nikita Khrushchev 's efforts to reinvigorate internationalism and furtherly weaken Kazakh culture were controversial in

800-500: The convention that Europe and Asia are full continents rather than subcontinents or component landmasses of a larger Eurasian continent. Listed further below, separately, are countries with distant non-contiguous parts (overseas territories) on separate continents. The lists within this article include entries that meet the following criteria: The boundaries between the continents can be vague and subject to interpretation, making it difficult to conclusively define what counts as

840-601: The entire Soviet Union. Kazakh independence has caused many of these newcomers to emigrate. Following the dismissal of Dinmukhamed Konayev , the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan by the last Soviet general secretary , Mikhail Gorbachev , riots broke out for four days between 16 and 19 December 1986 known as Jeltoqsan by student demonstrators in Brezhnev Square in the capital city, Alma-Ata . Approximately 168–200 civilians were killed in

SECTION 20

#1732773351793

880-417: The ethnic composition of the population of Kazakhstan were the 1920s and 1930s famines . According to different estimates of the effects of the Kazakh famine of 1930–1933 , up to 40% of Kazakhs (indigenous ethnic group) either died of starvation or fled the territory. Official government census data report the contraction of Kazakh population from 3.6 million in 1926, to 2.3 million in 1939. Upon

920-474: The first half of 2019, the gross regional product amounted to ₸1.4 trillion, an increase of ₸145 million from the previous year. For 9 months of this year, industrial output amounted to almost ₸1.8 trillion. For the first quarter of 2020, the West Kazakhstan Region reported an unemployment rate of 4.8%, and an average monthly salary of ₸186,857. The development of the agro-industrial complex

960-458: The first half of 2020. The region is also home to 263 cultural centers, 237 of which are located in rural areas. The capital Oral is home to Kazakhstan's only professional bandy club, Akzhaiyk . In 2016 the national championship was won by the regional team and in the variety rink bandy , a national title was obtained in 2014. Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic , also known as Soviet Kazakhstan ,

1000-573: The government in August . Nazarbayev then condemned the failed coup. As a result of those events, the Kazakh SSR was renamed to the Republic of Kazakhstan on 10 December 1991. It declared independence on 16 December (the fifth anniversary of Jeltoqsan ), becoming the last Soviet constituency to secede. Its capital was the site of the Alma-Ata Protocol on 21 December 1991 that dissolved

1040-405: The historical and cultural heritage in the region there are 24 museums in the region, including 2 private ones, and 13 in rural areas. At the end of 2019, the region was home to 364 libraries, of which, 340 were in rural areas, hosting 1,303,352 visitors and 5,819,524 works. The region's libraries are in a process of digitalizing their works, with 4,642 books and 175 other works being digitalized in

1080-414: The northeasterly line of equal latitude and longitude. There are numerous lakes in the region, including Shalkar , Balykty Sarkyl , Botkul and Aralsor . As of July 1st, 2024, the West Kazakhstan Region has a population of 695,000. Ethnic groups (2020): The region is divided into twelve districts and the city of Oral . Two localities in the region have town status. These are Oral and Aksay . In

1120-654: The process of returning control and sovereignty of land to the Kazakhs. On 19 February 1925 Filipp Goloshchyokin was appointed First Secretary of the Communist Party in the newly created Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic. From 1925 to 1933 he ran the Kazakh ASSR with virtually no outside interference. He played a prominent part in the construction of the Turkestan-Siberia railway, which

1160-517: The region has approximately 691,800 heads of cattle, 227,100 horses, 1.63 million heads of poultry, 1.21 million heads of sheep, 243,900 goats, 16,200 pigs, and 2,300 camels. There are 196 agricultural cooperatives registered in the region. In general, today 42 large new investment projects worth over ₸1 trillion are being implemented in the region, creating about 5,000 jobs. As of 2020, the region has 7 large-scale investment projects with foreign participation, totaling about ₸1.9 trillion, and projected by

1200-570: The region, Kazakhs constituted 81.7% of the total population (3,392,751 people) within the territory of contemporary Kazakhstan. The Russian population in Kazakhstan was 454,402, or 10.95% of total population; there were 79,573 Ukrainians (1.91%); 55,984 Tatars (1.34%); 55,815 Uyghurs (1.34%); 29,564 Uzbeks (0.7%); 11,911 Moldovans (0.28%); 4,888 Dungans (0.11%); 2,883 Turkmens ; 2,613 Germans ; 2,528 Bashkirs ; 1,651 Jews ; and 1,254 Poles . The most significant factors that shaped

1240-474: The region, meaning the extreme west of Kazakhstan is in Eastern Europe. West Kazakhstan region borders Aktobe Region to the east and Atyrau Region to the south, in addition to the following Russian Oblasts : Astrakhan Oblast to the south-west, Volgograd Oblast to the west, Saratov Oblast to the north-west, Samara Oblast to the north and Orenburg Oblast to the north-east. It is traversed by

West Kazakhstan Region - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-466: The regional government to create more than 500 jobs. The West Kazakhstan Region has a rich historical and cultural heritage. In the region, there are more than 6,000 historical and archaeological sites of different eras and more than 500 historical, architectural and art monuments, 14 of which are monuments of national significance. In the field of culture and art of the region there are 717 state-run organizations. In order to study, preserve and popularize

1320-565: The start of the Second World War , many large factories were relocated to the Kazakh SSR. The Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site and Baikonur Cosmodrome were also built here. After the war, the Virgin Lands Campaign was started in 1953. This was led by Nikita Khrushchev , with the goal of developing the vast lands of the republic and helping to boost Soviet agricultural yields. However it did not work as promised,

1360-624: The two portions being immediately adjacent to one another (e.g. Turkey). In other words, someone can travel to another continent without changing the country (without crossing a border). The modern convention for the land boundary between Asia and Africa runs along the Isthmus of Suez and the Suez Canal in Egypt . The border continues through the Gulf of Suez , Red Sea , and Gulf of Aden . In antiquity, Egypt had been considered part of Asia, with

1400-557: The uprising. The events then spilled over to Shymkent , Pavlodar , Karaganda and Taldykorgan . On 25 March 1990, Kazakhstan held its first elections with Nursultan Nazarbayev , the chairman of the Supreme Soviet elected as its first president . Later that year on 25 October, it then declared sovereignty. The republic participated in a referendum to preserve the union in a different entity with 94.1% voted in favour. It did not happen when hardline communists in Moscow took control of

1440-419: The use of the Kazakh language declined but has started to experience a revival since independence, both as a result of its resurging popularity in law and business and the growing proportion of Kazakhs. The other nationalities included Ukrainians , Germans , Jews , Belarusians , Koreans and others; Germans at the time of independence formed about 8% of the population, the largest concentration of Germans in

1480-445: Was constructed to open up Kazakhstan's mineral wealth. After Joseph Stalin ordered the forced collectivization of agriculture throughout the Soviet Union, Goloshchyokin ordered that Kazakhstan's largely nomadic population was to be forced to settle in collective farms. This caused the deadly Kazakh famine of 1930–1933 in Kazakhstan which killed between 1 and 2 million people. In 1937 the first major deportation of an ethnic group in

1520-693: Was elevated to the status of a Union-level republic, Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic . In September 1920, the Ninth Soviet Congress of Turkestan called for the deportation of illegal settler colonists in the Northern parts of the country. The proposed land reform began in 1921 and lasted until 1927,targeting Russian settlers, Ukrainians and Cossacks in the region and from 1920 to 1922, Kazakhstan's Russian population dropped from approximately 2.7 to 2.2 million. A further 15,000 Cossack settler colonists were deported between 1920 and 1921 as part of

1560-428: Was named after the Kazakh people, Turkic -speaking former nomads who sustained a powerful khanate in the region before Russian and later Soviet domination. Established on 26 August 1920, it was initially called Kirghiz ASSR ( Kirghiz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ) and was a part of the Russian SFSR . On 15–19 April 1925, it was renamed Kazak ASSR (subsequently Kazakh ASSR ) and on 5 December 1936 it

1600-638: Was renamed the Republic of Kazakhstan on 10 December 1991, which declared its independence six days later, as the last republic to secede from the USSR on 16 December 1991. The Soviet Union was officially dissolved on 26 December 1991 by the Soviet of the Republics . The Republic of Kazakhstan, the legal successor to the Kazakh SSR , was admitted to the United Nations on 2 March 1992. The republic

#792207